ES2266526T3 - DEVICE FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF FLOWING AND BULK MATERIAL. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for transporting a bulk product to be transported. Said device comprises at least one transport piston (24) which moves back and forth by means of hydraulic systems (26), a support tube (30) which axially guides the transport piston on its generated surface (42), a filling chamber (20) which is axially connected to the support tube in the direction of transport and which can be supplied with the product to be transported by means of a supply funnel (12), and a transport cylinder (32) which is axially arranged in the displacement path of the transport piston, and is connected to the filling chamber on the input side and to a discharge tube (14) on the output side. The transport piston enables the supply funnel to access the filling chamber, when said transport piston is in its final position - withdrawn into the support tube (30) - while when it advances, it penetrates the filling chamber, entraining the product to be transported, and enters the transport cylinder. According to the invention, the discharge tube comprises a free outlet (38) for the product to be transported, on the end thereof opposite the transport cylinder. During the transport operation, an air-tight plug is formed in the discharge tube, consisting of a compressed product to be transported, which can be formed by means of a progressive product to be transported and which can be withdrawn by means of its outlet.

Description

Material transport device flowing and in bulk.

The present invention relates to a device for transporting material to be flowed and bulk, with at least one drive piston, movable preferably with hydraulic means to one side and another, with a storage tube that axially guides the drive piston in its outer surface, with a filling chamber and can be fed through a filling channel or hopper with material to be transported and it can be closed in the direction of transport axially, and with a drive cylinder axially connected in the thrust path of the drive piston on the inlet side of the filling chamber and on the outlet side of the discharge tube, releasing the plunger impeller in its final position removed from the storage tube, the filling chamber for the feed channel or hopper of feeding and that during the advance of the filling chamber pushes dragging the transport material and penetrates the cylinder driving.

In a known transport device of this type (EP-B-0 681 672), which is intended for the transport of metallic scrap, the impeller piston is configured as a diving cylinder within a sliding conduit of the storage tube. In the storage tube, grooves directed inwardly for the accommodation of scraper rings and fine gaskets have been turned in the vicinity of their end of the filling chamber side. The gap between the storage tube and the impeller piston is pressurized through lubrication holes through a central lubrication installation, with lubricating oil. The piston that penetrates the drive cylinder leans on the inlet side tightly against its wall, so that in each recoil stroke, vacuum originates. To ensure that the recoil stroke no material is aspirated by the transport tube to the filling chamber, a gate valve is disposed in the transport tube, behind the impeller cylinder, which in each retraction stroke of the impeller cylinder closes and before the pressure stroke opens again. The disadvantage is the high propensity to wear in the area of the storage tube. In addition, the known transport device is not, moreover, suitable for transport from a filling chamber that is under an overpressure to an atmospheric outer enclosure, without the danger of a breakage of
Pressure.

The present invention aims to improve in such a way the known device of the type indicated at the beginning,  that even with the maintenance of a pressure difference between the filling chamber and the outer enclosure, an exit is possible of transport material in stationary operation.

For the solution of this problem, the combination of features indicated in claim 1. Advantageous configurations and improvements of the invention result from subclaims.

The solution of the problem, according to the invention, part of the idea that in the discharge tube, before the outlet opening, an air tight plug is generated, of material compacted transport, penetrating at least part of the plug penetrates each stroke of the drive piston by the thrust and forming a plug in the material that is compacted, which is ejected through the exit opening to the outer enclosure. To enable this is proposed, according to the invention, that the discharge tube in its remote end of the drive cylinder, present an opening of output for the transport material, which enters the surface inside the transport cylinder and the outer surface of the impeller plunger that penetrates into this a gap for the air outlet between the filling chamber and the tube, and because in the discharge tube, in transport operation, a stopper by the transport material and can be pushed through its outlet opening of air-tight transport material. An advantageous configuration of the invention provides that the opening outlet of the discharge tube is formed by a diaphragm with a smaller diameter relative to the inside diameter of the tube discharge. The diaphragm has been arranged for it conveniently Detachable or interchangeable in the discharge tube.

According to another advantageous improvement of the invention, the plug is mechanically divided, in the area of the exit opening, at the exit to the outer enclosure. For this purpose can be arranged in the area of the exit opening a cutting body for the division of the cap part and ejected to the outside during the transport route.

At the beginning of a transportation process, when the discharge tube is still open towards the chamber of filling, to ensure transport operation stationary, a base plug is first generated. For enable this, it is proposed, according to an advantageous configuration of the invention, that for the generation of a base plug, first be compacted in an intermediate enclosure, arranged between the cylinder impeller and discharge tube, with impeller piston, and to the compacted material is then diverted, forming a plug base in the discharge pipe with the impeller piston with the enclosure intermediate open by the back pressure and forming a plug. For this purpose it has been arranged between the drive cylinder and the discharge tube another segment of tube and in which you can not penetrate the impeller piston as well as a slide valve in the tube segment

To improve the capacity of the device transport, two transport cylinders with pipe are planned connected discharge, in which the two driving pistons that penetrate the drive cylinder can be operated symmetrically. Between the drive cylinder and the corresponding discharge tube, It has planned a tube segment with a sliding valve. In this way it is possible to generate in each discharge tube the transport material plugs needed independently one of other. For reasons of space the two valves have been arranged of slide conveniently separated laterally and axially one of other.

For the generation of the base cap and for the transport operation control is advantageous that each drive piston is equipped with the travel measurement system, with which, at each moment, the stroke of the piston can be measured driving.

The following will explain in more detail the invention by an exemplary embodiment, shown schematically in the drawing, in which they show:

Figure 1a, a perspective representation of a debris discharge lock for use in the tunnel construction;

Figures 1b and 1c, a side view and in plant of the debris discharge gate, according to figure 1a, with the feed hopper coupled to the loading chamber,

Figure 1d, a side view of a tunnel boring machine with discharge lock according to figures 1a to c;

Figures 2a to c, two longitudinal sections displaced 90º from each other, as well as a cross section of the drive piston, configured as a diver cylinder, of the device discharge, according to figures 1a to c;

Figures 3a and b, a front view and a side view of the joint cassette of the filling side of the tube storage;

Figure 3c, a section, along the cutting line A-A of Figure 3a;

Figures 4a to e, an enlarged detail of the Figure 3a of different cutting planes A to E;

Figure 5a, a plan view of the ring segmented scraper of the joint cassette, according to figure 4a a and;

Figure 5b, a plan view of one of the cutting ring segment according to figure 5a;

Figure 5c, a section along the line A-A of Figure 5b;

Figures 6a and b, a side view and a interior view of a segment of the thin joint, according to the figures 4th to e;

Figures 7a to d, a tube guide roller of storage of the exit lock, according to figures 1a to c, in perspective representation and in three side views.

The exit lock 8, represented in the drawing, is intended for use in TBMs 1. It presents for this purpose a flange plate oriented towards above and a feed hopper 12, so that it can be connected to a transport tube 3 equipped with a transport spindle for debris 5, which occur in debris chamber 4 of the TBM 1. Rubble 5 of earth or stones, which in general  cannot be pumped, they are fed with an increased pressure by the earth pressure p> P_ {atm} through a crusher 7 and feed hopper 12 to the airlock outlet 8 and are ejected through the discharge tubes 14 against atmospheric pressure P_ {atm} to continue transport, for example, through a conveyor belt 6. The two hooks 16, arranged near the flange plate are used to facilitate assembly and maintenance.

Exit lock 8 presents, in the example of embodiment shown, two transport devices or parts of lock 18 that work symmetrically, in opposition, that They essentially have the same structure. The two parts of the each of them contains a filling chamber 20, which is separated from each other by a separation wall 22 and is can be fed by the common feed hopper 12 with the material to be transported In each part of the lock there is a drive plunger 24, configured as a plunger diver, which can be move from one side to another using a drive cylinder hydraulic 26. To each drive piston 24, it is arranged axially, one after another, in a support cage 28, corresponds a storage tube 30, a filling chamber 20, a cylinder impeller 32, an intermediate tube 34 with gate valve 36 as well as a discharge tube 14. The driving pistons 24, which they can act symmetrically, they release in their final position backfill in the storage tube 30 the filling space 20 for the filling hopper and push during the feed, dragging the material to be transported, from the filling chamber, to each of transport cylinders 32. The material to be transported is compressed in drive cylinder 32, in intermediate tube 34 next, and in the discharge tube 14, forming a plug that is compacted in such a way that an air tight seal is produced between the loading chamber 20 and the outer enclosure, which is located outside the outlet opening 38 of the discharge pipe 14.

In each transport race a part of the plug through the outlet opening 38 towards the Exterior. In the outlet opening 38 are cutting organs 40, like blades, which break and crush the segment of the cap that comes out. In each transport race the plug is renewed by the compacted transport material pushed.

At the beginning of a transportation process, when there is still no plug, a first must be formed plug. For this purpose, the two valves of slide 36, which for space reasons have been arranged displaced relative to each other in axial direction. Firstly the gate valve is brought to its closed position. Act followed by pushing material to be transported with the corresponding drive piston 24 with reduced thrust force against the valve of gate 36 against forward movement within the tube intermediate 34 and thereby compressed forming the plug. The tour displacement of the drive piston 24 is controlled by a measuring system 62 connected to the tracking cylinder hydraulic 26. As soon as a sufficient plug has formed, the transverse stroke is opened and the cap is pushed with the following drive strokes of the drive piston 24 to the tube corresponding discharge 14, until it reaches the opening of exit 38. To influence the formation of the cap, depending on the consistency of material to be transported, and support a plug existing, can be used in the area of the exit openings 38 diaphragms not shown with different sections of opening.

To avoid a vacuum formation when removing the piston from the cylinder, which could lead to breakage of the plug, drive pistons 24 and drive cylinder 32 are sized in such a way that a gap space is released between them the air passage between the filling chamber 20 and the intermediate tube 34. The inner surface of the discharge tube, of the tube intermediate and eventually the drive cylinder are equipped with wear strips, which are bolted from the outside of detachable form through the corresponding tube wall. The wear strips complement each other on an inner surface with a non-circular section, preferably in shape polygonal.

As you can see in figures 2a to c, it forms the outer surface 42 of the drive piston 24 by a elongated hollow cylinder 44, whose front side is closed by a front plate 46, in which the cylinder of hydraulic drive 26. The cylinder part 28 of the cylinder of drive 26 is articulated in its part of the bottom 50 by a joint 52, located at the rear end of the support cage 28, and at its end of the bar by two support rollers 54, which form an angular separation of 90 °, in the one that drives and supports the inner surface of the hollow cylinder 44. The piston rod 56 of the drive cylinder is articulated by a joint 58 inside the plate front 46. The articulated axes of articulation 52 and 58 are aligned to it perpendicularly to each other and in the direction of displacement of the piston rod 56. The piston rod 56 it presents a hollow enclosure 60 centered with the axis 60, in which a stainless steel tube 62 is fixed centrally at the end from the side the bottom of the cylinder part, which protects a conductor from optical fiber. The fiber optic conductor 2 forms together with a permanent magnet 64 fixed on the piston rod, the system measurement, with which the displacement position of the drive piston 24.

Inside the storage tube 30 is supported and guide centered on the transport shaft 24. For this purpose, guide rollers 66 are arranged on the outer side, on the storage tube, which with its tread surface 68 penetrate through of the openings in the wall of the storage tube in the direction of the outer surface 42 of the drive piston. The guide rollers 66 formed of an elastomeric material, preferably of a heavy duty polyamide, have been mounted on a bearing 70. Each bearing, at one of its ends, is articulated in a pivotal bearing 72 fixed in the storage tube, and with its other end screwed with a screw 74 elastically supported with the storage tube 30. The rolling surface 68 of the guide rollers have, in relation to the outer surface 42 of the driving piston 24 complementary concave transverse curvatures (Figures 7c). As can be seen in figures 1a to ac, the guide rollers are arranged in three axial positions that have a separation between them, and in three peripheral positions that have a peripheral direction separation, each peripheral position being provided with two rollers of Guide arranged next to each other. The drive piston 24 has been sized in such a way that it is inserted into the drive cylinder 32 from the change zone to the guide rollers 66 in the axial position.
rear

At its end of the filling chamber side, the storage tube 30 has a seal cassette 76, which is located between two O-rings 78, 80 in a recess in the end of the tube, with the aid of a clamping ring 82 and easily interchangeable The seal cassette 76 has a metal base body 84 annular in shape, which is provided inside peripheral grooves 86 for housing a scraper 88, radially adjustable from elastomeric material. The peripheral grooves 86 for the scraper 88 and for the thin joint 90 are limited by an adjustment ring 24, arranged in an annular recess 92 of the base body 84. As can be seen in Figures 5a ac, 6a and b, the scrapers 88 and the thin joint 90 of several segments 88 ', 90' divided in peripheral direction, which are located in an elastomer ring 96, 98 that is outside, and can directly be pressurized with a pressure means, by example fat. The segments 88 ', 90' of the scraper 88 and of the thin joint 90 have grooves that complement each other in the peripheral direction for the accommodation of an elastomer retaining ring 104, 106 and rest on the area of the seal ring against the ring of joint 96, 98 that are radially outside. To ensure that the segments 88 'of the scraper 88 do not rotate in the peripheral direction, these are fixed with the help of pins 130 placed in the ring 94, through the open recesses 132 in the segments 88' are fixed in the peripheral direction (see figures 5th acy figure 4a and d). In Figure 6b it is recognized that the thin joint segments 90 'have steps 120 that overlap in peripheral direction. In addition, the thin joint segments 90 'are formed of two parts of segments 90'',90''' with different hardness. The peripheral grooves 86 for the scraper segments 88 'and the thin joint segments can be pressurized by channels 108, 110 in the base body, independently of one another, with pressure medium. For this purpose the ring has also been provided with channels for the supply of pressure means, each of the surfaces of the base body with peripheral openings the edge 112, 114. The peripheral grooves 112, 114 are sealed outwards by means of the seal rings 118 arranged in the grooves
peripherals

Another channel 122 is used for feeding of a lubricant or washing medium. On its inner surface presents the base body other peripheral grooves for housing of a groove ring 124 and an elastomer guide tape 126.

Joint cassettes 76 can be prefabricated and change as a whole. To keep scrapers 88 and thin gaskets 90, as well as gasket rings 124, and tapes of guide 126 in the prefabricated state in its position, a mounting tube 128, which, when the assembly continues, is pushed into the seal cassette 76 to drive piston 24 from the cassettes of meeting.

In summary, the following should be noted: The present invention relates to a device for transport of flowing and bulk material. At least one plunger impeller that can be moved with hydraulic means 26 towards a side and another, a drive piston 24 guided axially in the outer surface 42 of the storage tube 30, a chamber of filling 20, which can be fed into the storage tube in direction of axial transport, through a hopper of feeding 12 with transport material, and a filling chamber 20, arranged axially in the travel path of the drive piston 24, and a drive cylinder 32 connected on the side outlet on discharge tube 14. Drive piston 24 releases in its final position removed from the storage tube 30 the filling chamber 20 towards feed hopper 12, while which with the advance of the filling chamber 20 pushes the material of transport and penetrate the drive cylinder 32. To maintain a pressure difference between the filling chamber 20 of the enclosure exterior with simple means, it is proposed, according to the invention, that the discharge tube 14 at its remote end of the drive cylinder 32 present an outlet opening 38 for the transport material, that between the inner surface of the transport cylinder 32 and the outer surface 42 of the drive piston 24 remains free a slit for the passage of air between the filling chamber 20 and the discharge tube 14, and because in the discharge tube 14, in the transport operation, a plug is formed by the material of transport removed and movable in its exit opening 38 of compacted transport material.

Claims (15)

1. Device for transporting material to be transported in bulk and in flux, with at least one impeller piston (24), preferably movable with hydraulic means to one side and the other, with a storage tube (30) that axially guides the impeller piston ( 24) on its outer surface (42), with a filling chamber (20) and can be fed through a filling channel or hopper (12) with material to be transported and can be closed in the direction of transport axially, and with an impeller cylinder (32) axially connected in the thrust path of the impeller piston (24) on the inlet side of the filling chamber (20) and on the outlet side in the discharge tube (14), releasing the impeller piston (24) in its final position removed from the storage tube (30), the filling chamber (20) for the feed channel or feed hopper (12) and that during the advance of the filling chamber (20) pushes dragging the transport material and penetrates the impeller cylinder (32), characterized in that the discharge tube (14) at its end away from the impeller cylinder (32) has a free outlet opening (38) for the transport material, at its end remote from the impeller cylinder (32) a free outlet opening (38) for the transport material, which releases between the inner surface of the driving cylinder (32) of the outer surface (42) of the driving piston (24), a gap for the passage of air penetrates into it between the filling chamber (20) and discharge tube (14), and because in the discharge tube (14) in the transport operation a plug is formed by the material to be transported and through its outlet opening (38) it can be pushed, and it can form an air tight cap formed by compacted material of material to be transported. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet opening (38) of the discharge tube (14) is formed by a diaphragm with a diaphragm diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge tube. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the diaphragm is disposed removable and / or changeable in the discharge tube (14). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the strips are arranged on the internal surface of the discharge tube (14) and / or the impeller cylinder (32). Device according to claim 4, characterized in that closing strips have been fixed, which are fixed by screws that pass through the tube wall in the drive cylinder (32) and / or discharge tube (14). 6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the strips are complemented by an inner surface of non-round cross-section, preferably polygonal. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the impeller cylinder (32) and the discharge tube (14), another segment of tube (34) is arranged in which the impeller piston (24) can penetrate ), as well as a slide valve (26) transverse to the tube section (24). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that two transport cylinders (32) are provided with a discharge tube (14) below. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that a segment of pipe (34) with gate valve (36) is arranged between the transport cylinders (32) and the corresponding discharge tube (14). Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the two gate valves a (36) have been arranged separated at an axial distance. 11. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that wear strips, preferably interchangeable, and complementing an interior surface in a polygonal shape are arranged on the periphery of the tube segment (34). 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the area of the outlet opening (38) a separating member (40) for dividing the plug part towards the outer plug in the stroke is arranged Of transport. 13. Procedure for the ejection of flowing and bulk transport material from a pressure chamber (20) in which a driving piston (24) penetrates through the pressure chamber (20) with the transport material being carried into a cylinder impeller (32) and because the transport material penetrates through a discharge tube (14) through the outlet opening (38) into an outer enclosure, characterized in that in the outlet tube (14) from the outlet opening (38) an air-tight plug formed of compacted transport material is generated, avoiding at least a part of the plug and each transport stroke of the impeller piston (32) through the transport material that is compacted in each transport stroke by means of a transport material, forming the field through which it penetrates the exit opening (38) to the outer enclosure. 14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the plug in the area of the outlet opening (38) is divided mechanically at the exit of the outer enclosure. 15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that for the generation of a base plug first, the inner enclosure (34) is compressed in a drive cylinder (32) and discharge tube (14) with the drive piston (32) , and because then the base plug formed in this way is pushed with the impeller cylinder (32) with the open intermediate enclosure (34) pushing the transport material that compacts it and forming the plug in the discharge tube (14) .