EP4389920A1 - Utilisation de gaz de queue provenant de gaz de décharge d'une réduction de matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer - Google Patents
Utilisation de gaz de queue provenant de gaz de décharge d'une réduction de matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4389920A1 EP4389920A1 EP23170274.7A EP23170274A EP4389920A1 EP 4389920 A1 EP4389920 A1 EP 4389920A1 EP 23170274 A EP23170274 A EP 23170274A EP 4389920 A1 EP4389920 A1 EP 4389920A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- hydrogen
- reducing
- tail gas
- reduction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/22—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by reforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/26—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by adding additional fuel in recirculation pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
- C21B2100/282—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation of carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
- C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/64—Controlling the physical properties of the gas, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
Definitions
- the application relates to processes for producing an iron melt, wherein reduction of iron oxide-containing material to a metallized product is carried out by means of a reducing gas consisting at least predominantly of hydrogen H2, wherein top gas is produced during the reduction.
- Hydrogen can be used as the sole reducing gas, or in combination with other gases based, for example, on carbon from natural gas or on coal or coke.
- the ratio of their contribution to the reducing gas can be changed by mixing different amounts.
- top gas - In order to conserve resources, it is common practice in direct reduction processes to use used reducing gas - known as top gas - to prepare reducing gas. To do this, the top gas is mixed with fresh reducing gas components - for example gas from a reformer for reforming natural gas, hydrogen H2 from a hydrogen production plant, ammonia NH3 - if necessary after treatment steps such as dedusting or compression. This means that reducing components remaining in the top gas can be fed back into the direct reduction and used as a reducing agent.
- the disadvantage of this type of top gas recycling is that the top gas also contains non-reducing components - for example nitrogen N2 or carbon dioxide CO2. Through recycling, these components can become increasingly enriched in the reducing gas. In order to limit enrichment, a portion of the top gas is discharged from the circulation system as so-called discharge gas - also known as bleed gas.
- exhaust gas thermally, for example by burning it with an oxidizing agent - for example air - and using the heat to heat a medium;
- the medium can be, for example, a reducing gas precursor.
- the reducing gas consists at least predominantly of hydrogen H2. This means that the reducing gas contains hydrogen as a reducing reducing gas component, wherein the hydrogen content in volume % is greater than any of the other reducing gas components that may be present; preferably the hydrogen content is at least 50 volume %, particularly preferably more than 50 volume %, most preferably at least 60 volume %.
- reducing gas components that may be present and can also have a reducing effect are, for example, carbon monoxide CO or hydrocarbons or ammonia NH3.
- the metallized product is preferably direct reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron.
- DRI direct reduced iron
- the treatment of the top gas may include treatment types such as dust removal - which can be wet or dry -, compression, heat exchange, cooling.
- the treatment can be single-stage or multi-stage; one or more treatment types can be used.
- the first and second subsets of the top gas may have the same composition, or they may differ in composition.
- first and the second partial quantities of the top gas have the same composition, i.e. only the volume flow is divided into two partial flows.
- the metallized product of the reduction is combined with carbon carriers and melted in a melting device to form an iron melt.
- Combination with carbon carriers can take place before introduction into the melting device or in the melting device.
- a melting unit melts at least partially based on electrical energy.
- EAF, SAF and OSBF are not to be understood as a melting aggregate in the context of this application.
- a converter vessel is, for example, a steelworks converter for steel production.
- Thermal utilization is understood to mean an exothermic reaction with a reaction partner, for example combustion with oxygen or other oxidizing reaction partners.
- Thermal utilization preferably occurs in the context of the process for producing molten iron, for example thermal utilization for heating process gas streams or for producing steam for the purpose of generating electricity required in the process.
- the melt gas contains, for example, carbon monoxide CO, and consequently has a higher calorific value than tail gas. Therefore, the tail gas mixture obtained according to the invention has a higher calorific value than tail gas and is suitable for thermal use.
- the combination of the two gases produced in the process according to the invention for producing molten iron therefore enables the use of tail gas.
- a reformer for example, it can help to provide the heat necessary for reforming.
- a contribution can be made to achieving the desired temperature for the reducing gas.
- a contribution can be made to the provision of heat necessary for heating; for example, it can be heated to support pre-oxidation of material.
- a contribution can be made to the provision of heat necessary for steam or hot water production; the steam or hot water can then be used directly or to generate electricity, for example.
- At least a portion of the tail gas mixture is used in an inert gas generator.
- inert gas is produced by burning the tail gas mixture with air - for example, the combustion produces the inert gas carbon dioxide CO2, which hardly reacts under the operating conditions.
- the inert gas can be used, for example, in the reduction unit in which the iron oxide-containing material is reduced to a metallized product, or in the melting device - for example for rinsing purposes.
- tail gas mixture As described above, the entire tail gas mixture could also be used in an inert gas generator, so that no part of the inert gas mixture is used for thermal purposes.
- At least a portion of the melt exhaust gas is used in a reformer.
- the reformer can supply reducing components for the reducing gas.
- Use can be made, for example, in accordance with CO2+CH4->2CO+2H2 or H2O+CH4->CO+3H2.
- Carbon dioxide CO2 or water vapor H2O in the melt gas are reacted with natural gas in the reformer, so that the reducing Components carbon monoxide CO and hydrogen H2 are produced and serve as reducing components of the reducing gas.
- melt exhaust gas from a melting device in which metallized product of a reduction is combined with carbon carriers to form an iron melt can also be fully utilized in a reformer to supply reducing components for the reducing gas carrying out the reduction.
- the iron oxide-containing material is reduced to the metallized product in a reduction unit.
- the reduction unit in which the iron oxide-containing material is reduced to a metallized product can be, for example, a fixed bed shaft or a fluidized bed reactor.
- Process-specific vent gas is produced when the metallized product - for example, directly reduced iron DRI - is pneumatically conveyed from the reduction unit into a DRI bunker; there, solids and gas are separated from one another, producing the vent gas.
- the vent gas can be used as fuel, if necessary after dedusting - wet or dry.
- At least a portion of the process's own vent gas is added to the discharge gas before the gas separation into a hydrogen-enriched gas stream and a hydrogen-depleted tail gas stream takes place.
- a mixture of discharge gas and process's own vent gas is subjected to gas separation into a hydrogen-enriched gas stream and a hydrogen-depleted tail gas stream.
- the thermal utilization is carried out by supplying at least one fuel to the tail gas mixture, for example natural gas or process-specific vent gas.
- the calorific value of the tail gas mixture can thus be increased.
- the tail gas mixture is fed to a gas storage facility before thermal use and is removed from the gas storage facility for thermal use.
- This makes it possible to compensate for temporal fluctuations in the compositions and/or the quantities of the tail gas flow and/or the melt gas flow and/or the fuel - such as the process's own vent gas or natural gas.
- At least one fuel is also introduced into the gas storage facility.
- a mixture of fuel and tail gas mixture can then be fed for thermal use. Fluctuations in the calorific value of the tail gas flow and/or the melt gas flow and/or the fuel - for example, process-specific vent gas or natural gas - and thus the tail gas mixture can thus be balanced out in the gas storage facility.
- the introduction into the gas storage facility is preferably regulated in such a way that the calorific value of the mixture of tail gas mixture and fuel taken from the gas storage facility corresponds to the value aimed for thermal use.
- Fig. 1 schematically the implementation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically how an iron melt 20 is produced in a melting device 10.
- the metallized product 30 - for example DRI - is obtained by reduction in a reduction unit 40 from iron oxide-containing material 50 using a reducing gas which consists predominantly of hydrogen.
- Top gas 60 arising during the reduction is discharged from the reduction unit 40 and, after a multi-stage treatment with heat exchange 70, dry dust removal 80, cooling 90 with water, is divided into two parts.
- a first part 100 is combined with reducing gas components 110, and a second part 120 is fed to a gas separation device 130, in which a hydrogen-enriched gas stream 140 and a hydrogen-depleted tail gas stream 150 are produced.
- the hydrogen-enriched gas stream 140 is fed to the supply of the reducing gas components 110; it can be one of several reducing gas components or the only one.
- the resulting reducing gas precursor is heated by means of heat exchange 70 and electrical heating 160, and the reducing gas 170 thus produced is fed to the reduction unit 40.
- the metallized product 30 is fed to the melting device 10 and combined with carbon carriers in the melting device 10 to form an iron melt 20.
- the addition of carbon carriers is shown with wavy arrows; the two variants can be seen: combination with carbon carriers before introduction into the melting device 10 and combination with carbon carriers in the melting device 10; each of the variants can be present alone, or both variants can be present together.
- Tail gas mixture 190 is fed to a thermal utilization 200.
- it is fed to a gas storage 210 before the thermal utilization 200.
- - fuel is supplied to the tail gas mixture 190 and/or the gas storage 210.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/085656 WO2024132799A1 (fr) | 2022-12-20 | 2023-12-13 | Utilisation de gaz résiduaire constitué du gaz évacué d'un procédé de réduction de matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22214825 | 2022-12-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4389920A1 true EP4389920A1 (fr) | 2024-06-26 |
Family
ID=84541335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23170274.7A Pending EP4389920A1 (fr) | 2022-12-20 | 2023-04-27 | Utilisation de gaz de queue provenant de gaz de décharge d'une réduction de matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4389920A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009037587A2 (fr) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-03-26 | Hyl Technologies, S.A. De C.V | Procédé et appareil pour la réduction directe des minerais de fer au moyen d'un gaz issu d'un four de fusion-gazéificateur |
| WO2022023187A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-03 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Procédé d'exploitation d'une usine métallurgique pour la production de produits sidérurgiques |
| US20220235426A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2022-07-28 | Tenova S.P.A. | Method and system for producing steel or molten-iron-containing materials with reduced emissions |
-
2023
- 2023-04-27 EP EP23170274.7A patent/EP4389920A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009037587A2 (fr) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-03-26 | Hyl Technologies, S.A. De C.V | Procédé et appareil pour la réduction directe des minerais de fer au moyen d'un gaz issu d'un four de fusion-gazéificateur |
| US20220235426A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2022-07-28 | Tenova S.P.A. | Method and system for producing steel or molten-iron-containing materials with reduced emissions |
| WO2022023187A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-03 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Procédé d'exploitation d'une usine métallurgique pour la production de produits sidérurgiques |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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Owner name: PRIMETALS TECHNOLOGIES AUSTRIA GMBH |