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EP4268967A1 - Séparateur à cyclone permettant de séparer des solides d'un écoulement de processus - Google Patents

Séparateur à cyclone permettant de séparer des solides d'un écoulement de processus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4268967A1
EP4268967A1 EP22170808.4A EP22170808A EP4268967A1 EP 4268967 A1 EP4268967 A1 EP 4268967A1 EP 22170808 A EP22170808 A EP 22170808A EP 4268967 A1 EP4268967 A1 EP 4268967A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cyclone separator
wall section
process space
wall
deformations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP22170808.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Novosel
Maik Herrmann
Johann Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Esta Apparatebau GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Esta Apparatebau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Esta Apparatebau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Esta Apparatebau GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP22170808.4A priority Critical patent/EP4268967A1/fr
Publication of EP4268967A1 publication Critical patent/EP4268967A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/22—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with cleaning means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/087—Vortex chamber constructions with flexible gas-tight walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/103—Bodies or members, e.g. bulkheads, guides, in the vortex chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cyclone separator for separating solids from a process stream.
  • the present invention also relates to two methods for avoiding solids adhesion in such a cyclone separator.
  • Such cyclone separators are known from the prior art and are used, for example, to separate dust from process air.
  • the process stream is guided into a process space with a round cross-section, in which it flows along a circumferential trajectory guided by a peripheral wall, so that solids are carried radially outwards by centrifugal force.
  • the process stream is also guided axially in a first direction in the process space from an inlet to a deflection point, so that an overall helical trajectory results.
  • the process flow is then discharged in the axial direction opposite to the first direction to an outlet connection, whereby the solids can no longer follow the resulting deflection due to their inertia and fail.
  • the object is achieved by a cyclone separator for separating solids from a process stream, having a process space which is round in cross section and is formed at least by a peripheral wall and a cover, and an inlet connection which breaks through the peripheral wall for admitting the process stream into the process space Circumferential direction of the process space, an outlet port breaking through the cover for leading the process stream out of the process space in the axial direction of the process space, wherein at least a section of the circumferential wall has a sufficiently small modulus of elasticity to avoid solids adhering to the wall section by means of elastic deformation of the section.
  • a cyclone separator is understood to be a device in which, by guiding a mainly gaseous process stream along a helical trajectory, a separating force is generated on solids and/or liquids contained in the process stream and the solids or liquids are separated, in particular by redirecting the process stream.
  • a helix shape is also and in particular understood to mean a helix shape with an outer diameter that tapers at least in some areas.
  • dust, chips or abrasion for example from a machining process, can be separated from a gas stream such as an air or protective gas stream.
  • a circumferential wall is then understood to be a wall that corresponds to a geometric envelope of such a helical shape.
  • the peripheral wall can be cylindrical over axial areas and/or conical over axial areas.
  • the peripheral wall is cylindrical in a region of the inlet connection and conical in a region axially spaced therefrom.
  • a cover is placed at a head end of the round circumferential wall as the end of the process space there, in particular at a head end in the area of the inlet port, in which the circumferential wall is cylindrical.
  • Avoiding the adhesion of solids means both that the adhesion of solids is prevented and that existing solid adhesions are removed.
  • Solid adhesion occurs, for example, because solids are held mechanically or because there is something else between the solids and the peripheral wall Binding force exists, for example an electrostatic, magnetic or chemical binding force.
  • the first aspect of the invention now includes the teaching that the peripheral wall is designed to be elastic at least in a wall section.
  • the peripheral wall therefore has a combination of material and geometry, which allows the wall section to be elastically deformed without experiencing damage, in particular without experiencing plastic deformation.
  • Such a deformation is possible to such an extent that it allows solids to be removed from the inside of the wall section.
  • a relative movement is generated between the wall section and the solid of the solid adhesion, by means of which a binding force between the solid and the wall section is dissolved or superimposed.
  • solids are accelerated away from the wall section during the deformation.
  • the relative movement can also be designed in such a way that it is made difficult or impossible for a solid to adhere to the wall section, for example by periodically deforming the wall section at a sufficiently high frequency. Due to the aforementioned design of the cyclone separator, it is advantageously possible to avoid solid adhesions, in particular not to allow them to form and/or to detach them from the wall section if they exist, without the need to interrupt the operation of the cyclone separator.
  • the wall section can be deformed from the outside, for example at certain regular intervals.
  • the cyclone separator can be deformed manually from the outside, but appropriate means, in particular automated means, can preferably be provided for this purpose. Deforming the wall section makes it possible to avoid solid adhesion in a very simple manner.
  • a wall section designed to be elastic according to the first aspect of the invention results in reduced noise emissions during operation of the cyclone separator.
  • the wall section can, for example, be arranged in an area of the peripheral wall in which solids are expected to adhere.
  • the wall section is formed by the entire peripheral wall. Solid adhesion on the entire circumferential wall is then advantageously avoided and it is ensured that the helical trajectory can form along the entire circumferential wall without interference and with minimal pressure loss.
  • the at least one wall section is made of a plastic.
  • Plastics can be easily formed into a wall section or an entire peripheral wall and advantageously have a sufficiently low modulus of elasticity, for example in the range of approximately 0.4 - 3 gigapascals.
  • plastics have good resistance to a variety of substances and can be designed with a high surface quality, so that a smooth surface with low flow resistance is possible on the inside of the wall section.
  • Plastics can also be coated in a variety of ways, so that a coated surface can also be formed on the inside of the wall section.
  • the wall section is preferably made of an elastomer or a thermoplastic, such as a rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride.
  • the wall section is formed from a composite material, in particular comprising at least one plastic.
  • the composite material is preferably formed from a plastic and at least one fiber or at least one textile.
  • the at least one wall section has a modulus of elasticity less than or equal to 5 gigapascals.
  • a modulus of elasticity allows elastic deformation to an extent at which solid adhesion is reliably avoided.
  • the wall section has a modulus of elasticity less than or equal to 4.5, 4, 3.5, 3, 2.5, 2, 1.5, 1, or 0.5 gigapascal in order to ensure the simplest possible deformation and thus To avoid solid adhesion.
  • a material with a modulus of elasticity is selected which, with a predetermined or selected geometry of the wall section, in particular with a predetermined or selected wall thickness of the wall section, enables simple and sufficient deformation and at the same time sufficient stability. Sufficient stability is provided in particular if the wall section is suitable for guiding the process flow along the helical trajectory.
  • the at least one wall section has a sufficiently low elastic modulus to stimulate deformations of the wall section by means of the process stream.
  • the process stream flowing along the wall section then itself generates a deformation on the wall section, so that the cyclone separator avoids solids adhering to the wall section simply through its operation.
  • the deformations are generated using the process stream with a continuous process stream.
  • means are also provided which impose a pressure variation or mass flow variation on the process stream in order to generate, reinforce or generally influence corresponding deformations of the wall section.
  • the wall section is intended or set up to be periodically deformed by the process stream.
  • the cyclone separator has means for generating deformations of the at least one wall section by means of mechanical pressure.
  • such means can be designed as rollers which are intended to roll along an outside of the wall section. These means, for example, automatically and periodically generate a deformation on the wall section and/or are intended for manual operation.
  • the cyclone separator has means for generating deformations of the at least one wall section using sound, in particular using ultrasound.
  • at least one sound probe in particular an ultrasonic probe, is arranged on the outside of the wall section, which stimulates the wall section to deform by generated sound.
  • a sound frequency is particularly preferably matched to a resonance frequency of the wall section.
  • an inner side of the circumferential wall facing the process space is designed to be at least partially electrically conductive and grounded. This prevents electrically charged solid particles from adhering to the wall section due to their charge and/or potential differences. In the case of a wall section made of plastic, these properties can be achieved, for example, by a coating.
  • the cyclone separator preferably has an immersion tube which extends from the outlet connection in the axial direction into the process space.
  • Such a dip tube brings about an efficient separation of a helical flow running in a first direction and a flow directed counter to the first direction after a deflection.
  • the cyclone separator preferably has a guide means which extends in the middle of the process space in the axial direction, in particular a guide rod or a guide tube.
  • a guide means which extends in the middle of the process space in the axial direction, in particular a guide rod or a guide tube.
  • the peripheral wall is preferably conical over at least part of its axial extent.
  • the process stream is then guided to a deflection point along a narrowing trajectory.
  • the inlet port has a slot-shaped extension in the axial direction of the process space.
  • a dynamic pressure can be reduced compared to a non-slot-shaped geometry, for example a square geometry.
  • the inlet port extends in the axial direction entirely over a cylindrical region of the peripheral wall, with a conical region of the peripheral wall extending immediately adjacent to the cylindrical region.
  • the cyclone separator has a solids outlet arranged at one end of the process space for removing solids from the process space.
  • the outlet opening is designed to be closable, for example, with a flap in order to separate the process space from the environment.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a method for avoiding solid adhesion in a previously described cyclone separator, wherein the at least one wall section is stimulated to deform by the process flow, in particular to periodic deformation.
  • the wall section is, for example, designed to be so elastic that a deformation is induced there even with a constant process flow. Additionally or alternatively, a pressure variation or mass flow variation can also be imposed on the process flow in order to cause and/or influence a deformation of the wall section.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to a method for avoiding solids adhesion in a previously described cyclone separator, wherein the at least one wall section is deformed, in particular periodically deformed, by means for generating deformations of the at least one wall section.
  • Such means are in particular mechanical means, such as rollers or air cushions, or means for generating sound, such as an ultrasound probe.
  • the advantage can also be achieved with a method according to the third aspect of the invention that solids adhesions in the wall section are avoided.
  • Figure 1 shows a cyclone separator 1.1 in a first embodiment.
  • the cyclone separator 1 has a peripheral wall 2, which is formed by a first wall section 2.1 and a second wall section 2.2 and defines a process space 3 that is centered around an axis AX and is round in cross section.
  • the first wall section 2.1 is cylindrical and pierced by a slot-shaped inlet connection 4. Furthermore, the first wall section 2.1 is closed off by a cover 5 at a first end E.1 of the peripheral wall 2.
  • the cover 5 is pierced by an outlet connection 6, which is arranged coaxially with the axis AX and has an immersion tube 7 which protrudes from the cover 5 in an axial direction A into the process space 3.
  • the axial direction A shown here corresponds to a previously referenced first direction.
  • the second wall section 2.2 adjoins the first wall section 2.1 in the axial direction A and extends conically tapering to a second end E.2 of the peripheral wall 2. At the second end E.2, the second wall section 2.2 is closed off by a solids outlet 8.
  • a helical trajectory 10 results in a first area 10.1 for a process stream flowing in at the inlet port 4.
  • the first area 10.1 extends from the inlet port 4 in the axial direction A to the second end E.2 of the peripheral wall 2 and becomes through the second wall section 2.2 in the outer diameter of the Helix shape narrowed.
  • Solids and/or liquids contained in the mainly gaseous process stream are carried outwards in a radial direction R.
  • the trajectory 10 At the second end E.2 of the peripheral wall 2, the trajectory 10 then has a deflection point 10.2, at which the process flow is deflected counter to the axial direction A and guided along a second area 10.3 to the outlet connection 6 or dip tube 7, whereby a helical trajectory exists.
  • the solids and/or liquids carried to the outside can no longer follow the trajectory 10 due to their inertia and fall out.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section Fig. 1 according to section BB. It can be seen that the peripheral wall 2 is round in cross section and guides the first region 10.1 of the trajectory 10 in a helical shape. In the second area 10.3 of the trajectory 10, this is also helical. Furthermore, an orientation of the inlet connection 4 in a circumferential direction U is shown.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show a further embodiment of a cyclone separator 1.2, which differs structurally from the cyclone separator 1.1 in that it has a cylindrical guide means 11.
  • the guide means 11 is designed, for example, as a guide rod or guide tube and extends coaxially to the axis AX through the entire process space 3.
  • the process stream is also guided in its still existing helical shape in the second region 10.3 of the trajectory 10, so that the flow can form there with reduced turbulence and a reduced pressure loss can be achieved.
  • FIG. 3a a first solid adhesions 12.1 are shown as adhering to the first wall section 2.1 and a second solid adhesions 12.2 are shown as adhering to the second wall section 2.2.
  • Both the first wall section 2.1 and The second wall section 12.2 also has a sufficiently small modulus of elasticity to avoid solid adhesion 12.1, 12.2 by means of elastic deformation of the wall section 2.1, 2.2.
  • the wall sections 2.1, 2.2 are made of a plastic and have a modulus of elasticity of less than 5 gigapascals.
  • the elastic design of the wall sections 2.1, 2.2 makes it possible, for example, by means of Figure 3b means 13.1, 13.2 shown, the wall sections 2.1, 2.2 in the area of solid adhesions 12.1 12.2 - as also in Figure 3b shown - are deformed and thus the solid adhesions 12.1, 12.2 are detached.
  • the first means 13.1 is designed as a mechanical plunger or mechanical roller and presses on the wall section 2.1 from the outside to remove the solid adhesion 12.1. Due to the resulting elastic deformation 15, which can be particularly abrupt, the solid adhesion 12.1 is detached without causing any damage to the first wall section 12.1. It is also possible to prevent adhesion of solids by means of a regular, in particular periodic, elastic deformation 15 by the first means 13.1, so that adhesion of solids 12.1 cannot arise.
  • the second means 13.2 is designed as an ultrasound probe and causes the wall section 2.2 to vibrate at the frequency of the emitted ultrasound in order to detach the solid adhesion 12.2.
  • the resulting periodic elastic deformation 16 then generates an acceleration of the solids forming the solid adhesion 12.2, so that they are detached without damaging the second wall section 12.2.
  • the second means 13.2 remains without contact with the peripheral wall 2.
  • first wall section 2.1 and/or the second wall section 2.2 can also be stimulated to elastic deformations by the process flow itself.

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EP22170808.4A 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Séparateur à cyclone permettant de séparer des solides d'un écoulement de processus Withdrawn EP4268967A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22170808.4A EP4268967A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Séparateur à cyclone permettant de séparer des solides d'un écoulement de processus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22170808.4A EP4268967A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Séparateur à cyclone permettant de séparer des solides d'un écoulement de processus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4268967A1 true EP4268967A1 (fr) 2023-11-01

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EP22170808.4A Withdrawn EP4268967A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Séparateur à cyclone permettant de séparer des solides d'un écoulement de processus

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE597314C (de) * 1934-05-22 Sachtleben Akt Ges Fuer Bergba Vorrichtung zum Windsichten von Mahlgut
DE2331784A1 (de) * 1973-06-22 1975-01-23 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Abscheider, insbesondere zur abscheidung feinkoerniger und/oder staubfoermiger partikel aus einem gasfoermigen medium
JP2000185244A (ja) * 1998-12-21 2000-07-04 Bayer Ag 凝集性又は粘着性生成物用の自浄式分離器
EP1534437B1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2007-09-12 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Separateur tubulaire a turbulence
US8495789B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-07-30 Dyson Technology Limited Surface treating appliance

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE597314C (de) * 1934-05-22 Sachtleben Akt Ges Fuer Bergba Vorrichtung zum Windsichten von Mahlgut
DE2331784A1 (de) * 1973-06-22 1975-01-23 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Abscheider, insbesondere zur abscheidung feinkoerniger und/oder staubfoermiger partikel aus einem gasfoermigen medium
JP2000185244A (ja) * 1998-12-21 2000-07-04 Bayer Ag 凝集性又は粘着性生成物用の自浄式分離器
EP1534437B1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2007-09-12 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Separateur tubulaire a turbulence
US8495789B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-07-30 Dyson Technology Limited Surface treating appliance

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