EP4231776A1 - Moulded fibre part, method for producing the same and use - Google Patents
Moulded fibre part, method for producing the same and use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4231776A1 EP4231776A1 EP22020564.5A EP22020564A EP4231776A1 EP 4231776 A1 EP4231776 A1 EP 4231776A1 EP 22020564 A EP22020564 A EP 22020564A EP 4231776 A1 EP4231776 A1 EP 4231776A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- mold
- paper structure
- electrically conductive
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a molded fiber part with an electrically conductive paper structure, wherein the paper structure has at least two conductor tracks extending along the paper structure and the conductor tracks are each connected to an electrical line suitable for contacting a power source.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing the molded fiber part and a use.
- the uniform, large-area heating of certain components is advantageous in many areas.
- the introduction of heating energy occurs, for example, in motor vehicles with possible home furnishings, usually via pipe systems that are operated electrically or with fossil fuels, require a high level of installation effort and are used at correspondingly high costs. It is difficult to heat large areas and the formation of condensation cannot be completely avoided.
- heated surfaces are a fast and usually more energy-saving alternative in terms of heat input.
- the heated surfaces inside a motor vehicle with possible home furnishings help to avoid condensation.
- Heatable paper or paper-like materials are particularly suitable for this, among other things due to the on-board voltage used. It is known that paper can be made conductive by introducing conductive particles, fibers or coatings in the course of paper production, see, for example, the documents U.S.A. 4,990,755 , JP H-05 135 774 A and EP 1 063 716 A2 .
- the current can be effectively coupled and thus distributed over the entire surface by suitably applying conductor tracks, in particular busbars or conductor rails, for example by providing metallic strips, by printing, coating or vaporizing with conductive materials or the like WO 2020/224800 A1 .
- Conductive paper is particularly suitable for providing surface heating because it can be impregnated and can be incorporated relatively easily into a decorative, panel-shaped composite body.
- Printed, coated or vapour-deposited conductor tracks are particularly advantageous in the case of heating with conductive paper because they do not represent a major barrier during impregnation and can no longer be seen in the finished composite body.
- One challenge is to uncover the conductor tracks introduced into the decorative, plate-shaped composite body and to connect them to electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved composite body and an improved method for producing the composite body.
- the composite body should have an additional function, preferably heatability.
- the present invention is located in the technical field of electrically conductive paper structures, see for example WO 2020/224800 A1 , and takes advantage of the technology, far removed from this field, of producing three-dimensionally shaped articles from fibrous material, hereinafter referred to as fibrous articles.
- Molded fiber parts are used in particular in the automotive industry and are mostly used for soundproofing and are used, for example, to cover the vehicle floor and the connecting walls from the passenger compartment to the trunk and also to the engine compartment, as door panels and the like. From the scriptures WO 2004/106042 A1 , WO 2014/053505 A1 , EP 3 351369 A1 and EP 3 772 408 A1 an efficient and simple way of producing molded fiber parts is known.
- WO 2004/106042 A1 describes the production of a fiber molded part by using a hollow mold comprising a lower mold, the inside of which determines the contour of the underside of the molded part, and an upper mold, the inside of which determines the contour of the upper side of the molded part, the lower mold and/or the upper mold having holes for air to flow through, the production comprising the following steps: fibers are blown into the interior of the closed mold by means of an air flow; the fibers accumulate on the insides of the lower mold and the upper mold until the mold is filled, thereby forming a slug of fibrous material; The fibers are then bonded using a binder, causing the blank to solidify into a molded part, with the binder either being blown in with the fibers or only mixed in during the course of the process, and solidification by heating the closed mold or by hot air flowing through the mold he follows.
- the fiber molding according to the invention preferably comprises an electrically conductive paper structure embedded in the fiber molding with an upper main surface and a lower main surface, the electrically conductive paper structure having at least two conductor tracks extending along the paper structure and the conductor tracks each having an electrical connection suitable for contacting a power source line, wherein the upper major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure has an upper molded fiber portion and the lower major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure has a lower molded fiber portion, thereby forming a composite body, each of the upper and lower molded fiber portions being respectively on with matrix fibers connected to an admixed binder.
- the present invention is based on the finding that the expense of subsequently contacting a composite body in which an electrically conductive paper structure provided with conductor tracks is embedded, ie connecting the paper structure with electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source, is advantageous can be reduced by first connecting an electrically conductive paper structure provided with conductor tracks with electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source and introducing the starting material thus obtained into a hollow mold suitable for the production of three-dimensionally shaped fiber moldings from fiber material, followed by a step blowing fibers and binder into the perforated mold by an air flow, thereby obtaining a composite body in which the electrically conductive paper structure having conductor tracks and electrical lines has a fiber molding section on its upper side and on its lower side, respectively.
- the electrical lines, in particular cables, as well as the paper open to diffusion do not impede the process of blowing in air.
- the technical advantages obtained on the basis of the present invention are in particular: the intimate, secure connection of the electrical lines, in particular cables, with the electrically conductive paper structure; the avoidance of a subsequent, often complex contacting of the paper structure with cables and the associated savings in costs and working time; gaining design freedom with regard to arranging the electrical lines, in particular cables, in the product to be produced; the product is finished and ready for use after completion of the injection of air, fiber material and binder into the perforated mold after opening the mold; the contact is integrated in the molded fiber part and is therefore not visible, tangible and protected from external influences.
- a mold suitable for producing the fiber molding according to the invention is known in the prior art, see, for example, the documents WO 2004/106042 A1 , WO 2014/053505 A1 , EP 3 351 369 A1 and EP 3 772 408 A1 .
- a form suitable for the production of the fiber molding according to the invention is based, for example, on that in FIG figure 3 the WHERE 2004/106042 A1 embodiment shown, in which the mold comprises a lower mold and an upper mold that can be placed thereon.
- the lower mold and the upper mold can be closed in such a way that the electrically conductive paper structure has sufficient space in the closed form and the electrical lines, in particular cables, connected to the paper structure and suitable for contacting a power source, via suitable openings in the wall of the closed form can be led outside.
- an inflow opening is formed on the upper mold, to which an inflow channel is connected.
- Matrix fiber material and binder are blown into the closed cavity of the mold through the inflow opening.
- the matrix fibers accumulate on the inside of the lower mold and the upper mold until the mold is filled, whereby a blank of matrix fiber material is formed.
- the matrix fibers are then bonded using the binder, which solidifies the blank into a molded part.
- the binder can, for example, be blown in together with the matrix fibers or added only during the course of the process. Solidification takes place, for example, by heating the closed mold or by hot air flowing through the mold.
- a mold suitable for producing the fiber molding according to the invention can, if required, be based on a multi-part mold which, in addition to an upper mold and a lower mold, has further molding material elements, see, for example, EP 3 772 408 A1 .
- the matrix fibers can be based, for example, on fibers made from viscose, basalt, glass, silicate and/or on mineral fibers.
- suitable binders are plastic fibers, in particular polypropylene fibers, polyester fibers and copolyester fibers, or phenolic resin.
- the binder can also be in the form of a binder powder, in particular in the form of a PE powder, acrylic paint powder or similar binding resins.
- Suitable matrix fibers and binders are known to those skilled in the art, see, for example, EP 3 351 369 A1 .
- the matrix fiber material/binder mixture also has granules, which serve to control combustibility, thermal conductivity, insulation, water repellency and/or oil repellency and preferably from the group consisting of polystyrene, silica, aerogel, in particular silicate airgel, or a mixture of two or more of the above elements.
- granules are known to those skilled in the art, see for example EP 3 351 369 A1 .
- the measure of providing an electrically conductive paper structure provided with conductor tracks is known to the person skilled in the art, see, for example, WO 2020/224800 A1 .
- the electrically conductive paper structure can be produced using standard papermaking methods, in particular inclined wire, Fourdrinier wire and cylinder wire technology. In this way it is basically possible to process varying fiber compositions. It is expedient to add conductive, metallic short-cut fibers to cellulose-containing or alternatively plastic-based fibrous materials. These fibers can be primary or secondary fibers, possibly also recycled fibers.
- the metallic short cut fibers typically have a fiber length in the range of 3 to 12 mm.
- the quantity in which the conductive, metallic short-cut fibers are mixed in is expediently selected such that there are sufficient fiber-to-fiber contacts and a suitable electric current flow is thus ensured.
- the electrically conductive paper structure can contain other natural and/or synthetic fibers, optionally chemical additives and optionally residual moisture.
- the electrical conductivity can not only be determined by conductive, metallic fibers, in particular metallic short-cut fibers, but can also be achieved by adding carbon fibers, carbon particles or carbon nanotubes. Alternatively, conductivity can be achieved via a conductive surface coating.
- the term (paper) structure also includes other woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics or the like, in particular foil-based conductive materials.
- the electrically conductive paper structure can be provided with additional reinforcing fibers to control the desired properties.
- additional reinforcing fibers to control the desired properties.
- surface sizing or surface impregnation is possible.
- the conductor track is based on a metallic thread, e.g. made of rolled metal, on a metal strip or a metal wire, the metal being in particular a highly conductive metal such as silver, copper, gold, aluminum, tungsten, iron, zinc or the like or an alloy of one or more of the above elements.
- a metallized thread is also possible, eg the use of a thread based on a plastic carrier film as carrier substrate and metallized with a highly conductive metal such as silver, copper, gold, aluminum, tungsten, iron, zinc or the like.
- a plastic carrier film in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a metallized foil or a laminate of foils and rolled metal foils can be used as the conductor track.
- metallized threads can additionally be provided with an adhesive, at least on one side, which is advantageously a conductive adhesive.
- the respective conductor track is applied to the paper or is embedded in the electrically conductive paper structure or is largely introduced into the electrically conductive paper structure and is partially exposed in particular in the area of the contact point, as is the case with so-called window threads in the banknote area.
- the term trace is not necessarily limited to a single design as a (rather narrow) thread, for example, having a width of 2 mm or less, but designs such as (rather wide) strips or bands are also conceivable, for example, a width of 4 mm up to 20 mm, or even a width up to 30 mm.
- a simple conductive metal wire or a metal mesh is used as the conductor track.
- the respective conductor tracks can be produced by printing, for example by means of a screen printing process.
- Aqueous screen printing inks based on carbon black particles, silver particles or other particles that produce conductivity can be used as conductive lacquers, for example.
- the electrical lines suitable for making contact with a power source are based, for example, on metallic electrical conductors in the form of wires, strands, strips or rails each having an insulating sheath.
- the electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source are preferably each in the form of a cable.
- the conductor tracks are connected to the electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source, for example by means of a plug connector, a clamp connector, an electrically conductive adhesive connection or a screw in conjunction with a cable lug.
- the present invention also includes using the fiber molding as a heating element, as an element for electromagnetic shielding, as an element for supplying other electrical consumers, as an element for dissipating electrostatic charges or as an element for signal transmission or signal detection.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 illustrate an embodiment for the production of a fiber molded part according to the invention.
- a starting material 1 based on an electrically conductive paper structure 2 is provided.
- the electrically conductive paper structure 2 is based on a mixture containing paper pulp and metallic short-cut fibers.
- the electrically conductive paper structure 2 is provided with two conductor tracks 3 extending along the paper structure 2 .
- the conductor tracks 3 were produced by printing using a screen printing process, with an aqueous screen printing ink based on silver particles being used as the conductive paint.
- the two conductor tracks 3 are each connected to an electrical line 4 suitable for contacting a power source, in the present example a cable.
- the figure 2 illustrates the connection of the conductor track 3 with the electrical line 4 suitable for contacting a power source, namely a cable, along which in FIG figure 1 shown dotted line AA' as a cross-sectional view.
- the conductor track 3 is connected to the cable 4 by means of a screw 7 and washers 5, 6 in connection with a cable lug 8.
- the mold comprises a lower mold 10 and an upper mold 11 that can be placed thereon.
- the lower mold 10 and/or the upper mold 11 has holes for air to flow through.
- the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 11 can be closed in such a way that the figure 1 Starting material 1 shown in the closed form has enough space and with the Paper structure 2 connected, suitable for contacting a power source cables 4 can be routed to the outside via suitable openings in the wall of the closed mold.
- An inflow opening 12 is formed on the upper mold 11, to which an inflow channel 9 is connected.
- the black block arrows shown illustrate the closing of the mold by placing the upper mold 11 on the lower mold 10 so that the starting material 1 is enclosed therein, with the cables 4 being led out through suitable openings in the wall of the closed mould.
- the closed form is in the figure 4 shown.
- the Indian figure 4 The black block arrow shown symbolizes the injection of matrix fiber material and binder by means of hot air through the inflow channel 9 into the inflow opening 12 of the closed cavity of the mold.
- the matrix fibers in the present example silicate fibers, accumulate on the insides of the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 11 until the mold is filled, as a result of which a blank of matrix fiber material is formed.
- the matrix fibers are connected by means of the binder, copolyester fibers in the present example, as a result of which the blank solidifies to form the fiber molded part 14 .
- the binder is blown in together with the matrix fibers, but it can also be mixed in during the course of the process. If necessary, solidification takes place by additional heating of the closed mold.
- FIG. 13 shows the molded fiber article 14 obtained after opening the mold, in which the upper major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure 2 has an upper molded fiber portion 13 and the lower major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure 2 has a lower molded fiber portion 13, thereby forming a composite body. Based the figure 5 is the intimate, secure connection of the electrical cable 4 with the conductor track 3 of the electrically conductive paper structure 2 can be seen.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Faserformteil (14), umfassend ein elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge (2) mit einer oberen Hauptfläche und einer unteren Hauptfläche, wobei das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge (2) zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges (2) erstreckende Leiterbahnen (3) aufweist und die Leiterbahnen (3) jeweils mit einer für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitung (4) verbunden sind, wobei die obere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges (2) einen oberen Faserformteilabschnitt (13) aufweist und/oder die untere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges (2) einen unteren Faserformteilabschnitt (13) aufweist, um auf diese Weise einen Verbundkörper zu bilden, wobei der Faserformteilabschnitt (13), gegebenenfalls sowohl der obere als auch der untere Faserformteilabschnitt (13), auf mit einem beigemischten Bindemittel verbundenen Matrixfasern basiert.The invention relates to a molded fiber part (14), comprising an electrically conductive paper structure (2) with an upper main surface and a lower main surface, the electrically conductive paper structure (2) having at least two conductor tracks (3) extending along the paper structure (2) and the conductor tracks (3) are each connected to an electrical line (4) suitable for contacting a power source, the upper main surface of the electrically conductive paper structure (2) having an upper molded fiber section (13) and/or the lower main surface of the electrically conductive paper structure (2) has a lower molded fiber section (13) in order to form a composite body in this way, the molded fiber section (13), optionally both the upper and the lower molded fiber section (13), being based on matrix fibers bonded with an admixed binder.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Faserformteil mit einem elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüge, wobei das Papiergefüge zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges erstreckende Leiterbahnen aufweist und die Leiterbahnen jeweils mit einer für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitung verbunden sind. Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zum Herstellen des Faserformteils und eine Verwendung.The invention relates to a molded fiber part with an electrically conductive paper structure, wherein the paper structure has at least two conductor tracks extending along the paper structure and the conductor tracks are each connected to an electrical line suitable for contacting a power source. The invention also relates to a method for producing the molded fiber part and a use.
Die gleichmäßige, großflächige Beheizung bestimmter Komponenten ist in vielen Bereichen vorteilhaft. So ist es hinsichtlich der kalten Wände in einem Flugzeug oder einem Kraftfahrzeug mit eventueller Wohnungseinrichtung zweckmäßig, über ein Gebläse Heizenergie in das System einzubringen, um auf diese Weise ein angenehmes Raumklima zu erzeugen. Die Einbringung von Heizenergie erfolgt beispielsweise in Kraftfahrzeugen mit eventueller Wohnungseinrichtung üblicherweise über Rohrsysteme, die elektrisch oder mit fossilen Brennstoffen betrieben werden, einen hohen Installationsaufwand erfordern und mit entsprechend hohen Kosten eingesetzt werden. Eine großflächige Beheizung ist schwer zu bewerkstelligen und die Tauwasserbildung kann nicht völlig vermieden werden.The uniform, large-area heating of certain components is advantageous in many areas. With regard to the cold walls in an airplane or a motor vehicle with possible home furnishings, it is advisable to introduce heating energy into the system via a blower in order to create a pleasant room climate in this way. The introduction of heating energy occurs, for example, in motor vehicles with possible home furnishings, usually via pipe systems that are operated electrically or with fossil fuels, require a high level of installation effort and are used at correspondingly high costs. It is difficult to heat large areas and the formation of condensation cannot be completely avoided.
Demgegenüber sind beheizte Flächen eine hinsichtlich des Wärmeeintrags schnelle und meist energiesparendere Alternative. Zudem tragen die beheizten Flächen innerhalb eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit eventueller Wohnungseinrichtung dazu bei, Kondenswasser zu vermeiden. Heizbare Papiere oder papierähnliche Materialien sind hierfür besonders geeignet, u.a. aufgrund der verwendeten Bordspannung. Es ist bekannt, Papier über die Einbringung leitfähiger Partikel, Fasern oder Beschichtungen im Zuge der Papierherstellung leitfähig zu machen, siehe z.B. die Schriften
Insbesondere für die Bereitstellung einer Flächenheizung eignet sich leitfähiges Papier hervorragend, weil es imprägnierbar ist und verhältnismäßig leicht in einen dekorativen, plattenförmigen Verbundkörper eingebracht werden kann. Gedruckte, beschichtete oder bedampfte Leiterbahnen sind im Falle einer Beheizung mit leitfähigem Papier besonders vorteilhaft, weil sie beim Imprägnieren keine große Barriere darstellen und im fertiggestellten Verbundkörper nicht mehr zu sehen sind. Eine Herausforderung besteht darin, die im dekorativen, plattenförmigen Verbundkörper eingebrachten Leiterbahnen wieder freizulegen und mit für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen zu verbinden.Conductive paper is particularly suitable for providing surface heating because it can be impregnated and can be incorporated relatively easily into a decorative, panel-shaped composite body. Printed, coated or vapour-deposited conductor tracks are particularly advantageous in the case of heating with conductive paper because they do not represent a major barrier during impregnation and can no longer be seen in the finished composite body. One challenge is to uncover the conductor tracks introduced into the decorative, plate-shaped composite body and to connect them to electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu überwinden und einen verbesserten Verbundkörper sowie ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Herstellen des Verbundkörpers bereitzustellen. Der Verbundkörper sollte insbesondere über eine Zusatzfunktion, vorzugsweise eine Heizbarkeit, verfügen.The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved composite body and an improved method for producing the composite body. In particular, the composite body should have an additional function, preferably heatability.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen definierten Merkmalskombinationen gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.The object is achieved by the combinations of features defined in the independent claims. Developments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
- 1. (Erster Aspekt der Erfindung) Faserformteil (14), umfassend ein elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge (2) mit einer oberen Hauptfläche und einer unteren Hauptfläche, wobei das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge (2) zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges (2) erstreckende Leiterbahnen (3) aufweist und die Leiterbahnen (3) jeweils mit einer für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitung (4) verbunden sind, wobei die obere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges (2) einen oberen Faserformteilabschnitt (13) aufweist und/oder die untere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges (2) einen unteren Faserformteilabschnitt (13) aufweist, um auf diese Weise einen Verbundkörper zu bilden, wobei der Faserformteilabschnitt (13), gegebenenfalls sowohl der obere als auch der untere Faserformteilabschnitt (13), auf mit einem beigemischten Bindemittel verbundenen Matrixfasern basiert.1. (First aspect of the invention) fiber molding (14), comprising an electrically conductive paper structure (2) having an upper main surface and a lower main surface, wherein the electrically conductive paper structure (2) has at least two conductor tracks (2) extending along the paper structure (2). 3) and the conductor tracks (3) are each connected to an electrical line (4) suitable for contacting a power source, the upper main surface of the electrically conductive paper structure (2) having an upper molded fiber section (13) and/or the lower main surface of the electrically conductive paper structure (2) has a lower molded fiber section (13) so as to form a composite body, the molded fiber section (13), optionally both the upper and lower molded fiber section (13), being coated with an admixed binder connected matrix fibers is based.
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2. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach Klausel 1, wobei die obere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges (2) einen oberen Faserformteilabschnitt (13) aufweist und die untere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges (2) einen unteren Faserformteilabschnitt (13) aufweist, sodass ein in das Faserformteil (14) eingebettetes elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge (2) vorliegt, wobei sowohl der obere als auch der untere Faserformteilabschnitt (13) jeweils auf mit einem beigemischten Bindemittel verbundenen Matrixfasern basieren.2. (Preferred embodiment) The fibrous molding (14) according to
clause 1, wherein the upper major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure (2) has an upper fibrous molding section (13) and the lower major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure (2) has a lower fibrous molding section (13). , so that an electrically conductive paper structure (2) embedded in the molded fiber part (14) is present, both the upper and the lower molded fiber part section (13) each being based on matrix fibers bonded with an admixed binder. -
3. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach Klausel 1 oder 2, wobei die für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen (4) jeweils auf eine isolierende Umhüllung aufweisenden metallischen elektrischen Leitern in Form von Drähten, Litzen, Bändern oder Schienen basieren, wobei die für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen (4) vorzugsweise jeweils in Form eines Kabels vorliegen.3. (Preferred embodiment) fiber molded part (14) according to
1 or 2, wherein the electrical lines (4) suitable for contacting a power source are each on an insulating sheath having metallic electrical conductors in the form of wires, strands, strips or rails are based, wherein the electrical lines (4) suitable for contacting a power source are preferably each in the form of a cable.clause -
4. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 3, wobei die Matrixfasern des Faserformteilabschnitts (13), gegebenenfalls sowohl des oberen als auch des unteren Faserformteilabschnitts (13), von der Gruppe bestehend aus Viskose, Basalt, Silikat, Glas oder einem Gemisch der vorstehend genannten Elemente gewählt sind und das Bindemittel des Faserformteilabschnitts (13), gegebenenfalls sowohl des oberen als auch des unteren Faserformteilabschnitts (13), von der Gruppe bestehend aus Bindefasern und Bindepulvern gewählt ist und vorzugsweise von der Gruppe bestehend aus Polyesterfasern, Copolyesterfasern, Polyethylenpulver, Acryllackpulver oder einem Gemisch zweier oder mehrerer der vorstehend genannten Elemente gewählt ist.4. (Preferred embodiment) fiber molding (14) according to one of
clauses 1 to 3, wherein the matrix fibers of the fiber molding section (13), optionally both the upper and the lower fiber molding section (13), from the group consisting of viscose, basalt, silicate , glass or a mixture of the above elements are selected and the binder of the fiber molding section (13), optionally both the upper and the lower fiber molding section (13), is selected from the group consisting of binding fibers and binding powders and preferably from the group consisting of polyester fibres, copolyester fibres, polyethylene powder, acrylic paint powder or a mixture of two or more of the above elements. -
5. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 4, wobei der Faserformteilabschnitt (13), gegebenenfalls sowohl der obere als auch der untere Faserformteilabschnitt (13), zusätzlich Granulat aufweist, das der Steuerung der Brennbarkeit, Wärmeleitfähigkeit, Isolierfähigkeit, Wasserabweisbarkeit und/oder Ölabweisbarkeit dient und vorzugsweise von der Gruppe bestehend aus Polystyrol, Kieselsäure, Aerogel, insbesondere Silikat-Aerogel, oder einem Gemisch zweier oder mehrerer der vorstehend genannten Elemente gewählt ist.5. (Preferred embodiment) fiber molded part (14) according to one of
clauses 1 to 4, wherein the fiber molded part section (13), optionally both the upper and the lower fiber molded part section (13), additionally has granules that control the combustibility, thermal conductivity, isolating ability, water repellency and/or oil repellency and is preferably selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, silicic acid, airgel, in particular silicate airgel, or a mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned elements. -
6. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 5, wobei die zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges (2) erstreckenden Leiterbahnen (3) in Form von Metallstreifen oder Metallschienen vorliegen. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante werden die Metallstreifen durch Aufdampfen, Aufsprühen, Aufdrucken oder Abscheiden eines leitfähigen metallischen Materials auf dem Papiergefüge hergestellt.6. (Preferred embodiment) fiber molded part (14) according to one of
clauses 1 to 5, wherein the at least two conductor tracks (3) extending along the paper structure (2) are present in the form of metal strips or metal rails. According to a preferred variant, the metal strips produced by evaporating, spraying, printing or depositing a conductive metallic material on the paper structure. -
7. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 6, wobei die Verbindung der Leiterbahnen (3) mit den für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen (4) jeweils mittels eines Steckverbinders, eines Klemmverbinders, einer elektrisch leitfähigen Klebeverbindung oder mittels einer Schraube in Verbindung mit einem Kabelschuh erfolgt.7. (Preferred embodiment) molded fiber part (14) according to one of
clauses 1 to 6, wherein the connection of the conductor tracks (3) to the electrical lines (4) suitable for contacting a power source is in each case by means of a plug connector, a clamp connector, an electrical conductive adhesive connection or by means of a screw in connection with a cable lug. -
8. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Faserformteil (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 7, wobei das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge (2) auf cellulosehaltigen Faserstoffen und elektrisch leitfähigen Fasern basiert.8. (Preferred embodiment) Fiber molding (14) according to one of
clauses 1 to 7, wherein the electrically conductive paper structure (2) is based on cellulose-containing fibrous materials and electrically conductive fibers. -
9. (Zweiter Aspekt der Erfindung) Verwendung des Faserformteils (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 8 als Heizelement, als Element für die elektromagnetische Abschirmung, als Element zur Versorgung anderer elektrischer Verbraucher, als Element für die Ableitung elektrostatischer Ladungen oder als Element für die Signalweiterleitung bzw. Signaldetektion.9. (Second aspect of the invention) Use of the fiber molding (14) according to any one of
clauses 1 to 8 as a heating element, an electromagnetic shielding element, an element for supplying other electrical consumers, an element for dissipating electrostatic charges or an element for signal transmission or signal detection. -
10. (Dritter Aspekt der Erfindung) Verfahren zum Herstellen des Faserformteils (14) nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 8, umfassend
- das Bereitstellen eines Ausgangsmaterials (1), umfassend ein elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge (2) mit einer oberen Hauptfläche und einer unteren Hauptfläche, wobei das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge (2) zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges (2) erstreckende Leiterbahnen (3) aufweist und die Leiterbahnen (3) jeweils mit einer für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitung (4) verbunden sind;
- das Einbringen des Ausgangsmaterials (1) in eine Form, umfassend eine Unterform (10) für das Erzeugen eines unteren Faserformteilabschnitts (13) und/oder eine Oberform (11) für das Erzeugen eines oberen Faserformteilabschnitts (13), wobei die Unterform (10) und/oder die Oberform (11) Löcher zum Durchströmen von Luft aufweisen und die Unterform (10) und/oder die Oberform (11) Öffnungen für das Hindurchführen der elektrischen Leitungen (4) aufweisen;
- das Einblasen von Matrixfasern und Bindemittel mittels eines Luftstroms in den Innenraum der geschlossenen Form;
- das Anlagern von Matrixfasern an den Innenseiten der Unterform (10) und/oder der Oberform (11) bis die Form gefüllt ist;
- das Verbinden der Matrixfasern mittels des beigemischten Bindemittels, wodurch sich der untere Faserformteilabschnitt (13) und/oder der obere Faserformteilabschnitt (13) verfestigt.
clauses 1 to 8, comprising- the provision of a starting material (1), comprising an electrically conductive paper structure (2) with an upper main surface and a lower main surface, the electrically conductive paper structure (2) having at least two conductor tracks (3) extending along the paper structure (2) and the Conductor tracks (3) are each connected to an electrical line (4) suitable for contacting a power source;
- the introduction of the starting material (1) into a mold comprising a lower mold (10) for producing a lower fiber molded part section (13) and/or an upper mold (11) for producing an upper fiber molded part section (13), wherein the lower mold (10) and/or the upper mold (11) has holes for air to flow through and the lower mold (10) and/or the upper mold (11) has openings for the electrical lines (4) to pass through;
- blowing matrix fibers and binder into the interior of the closed mold by means of an air stream;
- the accumulation of matrix fibers on the inside of the lower mold (10) and/or the upper mold (11) until the mold is filled;
- the bonding of the matrix fibers by means of the admixed binder, whereby the lower molded fiber section (13) and/or the upper molded fiber section (13) solidifies.
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11. (Bevorzugte Ausgestaltung) Verfahren nach Klausel 10 mit Rückbezug auf Klausel 2 oder einer der auf Klausel 2 rückbezogenen Klauseln 3 bis 8, umfassend
- das Bereitstellen eines Ausgangsmaterials (1), umfassend ein elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge (2) mit einer oberen Hauptfläche und einer unteren Hauptfläche, wobei das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge (2) zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges (2) erstreckende Leiterbahnen (3) aufweist und die Leiterbahnen (3) jeweils mit einer für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitung (4) verbunden sind;
- das Einbringen des Ausgangsmaterials (1) in eine Form, umfassend eine Unterform (10) für das Erzeugen eines unteren Faserformteilabschnitts (13) und eine Oberform (11) für das Erzeugen eines oberen Faserformteilabschnitts (13), wobei die Unterform (10) und/oder die Oberform (11) Löcher zum Durchströmen von Luft aufweisen und die Unterform (10) und/oder die Oberform (11) Öffnungen für das Hindurchführen der elektrischen Leitungen (4) aufweisen;
- das Einblasen von Matrixfasern und Bindemittel mittels eines Luftstroms in den Innenraum der geschlossenen Form;
- das Anlagern von Matrixfasern an den Innenseiten der Unterform (10) und der Oberform (11) bis die Form gefüllt ist;
- das Verbinden der Matrixfasern mittels des beigemischten Bindemittels, wodurch sich sowohl der untere Faserformteilabschnitt (13) als auch der obere Faserformteilabschnitt (13) verfestigen.
clause 10 with reference back toclause 2 or one ofclauses 3 to 8 which refer back toclause 2, comprising- the provision of a starting material (1), comprising an electrically conductive paper structure (2) with an upper main surface and a lower main surface, the electrically conductive paper structure (2) having at least two conductor tracks (3) extending along the paper structure (2) and the Conductor tracks (3) are each connected to an electrical line (4) suitable for contacting a power source;
- the introduction of the starting material (1) into a mold comprising a lower mold (10) for producing a lower fiber molded part section (13) and an upper mold (11) for producing an upper fiber molded part section (13), wherein the lower mold (10) and/ or the upper mold (11) has holes for air to flow through and the lower mold (10) and/or the upper mold (11) has openings for the passage of the electrical lines (4);
- blowing matrix fibers and binder into the interior of the closed mold by means of an air stream;
- depositing matrix fibers on the insides of the lower mold (10) and the upper mold (11) until the mold is filled;
- the bonding of the matrix fibers by means of the admixed binder, whereby both the lower fiber molded part section (13) and the upper fiber molded part section (13) solidify.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist auf dem technischen Gebiet elektrisch leitfähiger Papiergefüge angesiedelt, siehe z.B. die
Das erfindungsgemäße Faserformteil umfasst vorzugsweise ein in das Faserformteil eingebettetes elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge mit einer oberen Hauptfläche und einer unteren Hauptfläche, wobei das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge zumindest zwei sich entlang des Papiergefüges erstreckende Leiterbahnen aufweist und die Leiterbahnen jeweils mit einer für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitung verbunden sind, wobei die obere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges einen oberen Faserformteilabschnitt aufweist und die untere Hauptfläche des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges einen unteren Faserformteilabschnitt aufweist, um auf diese Weise einen Verbundkörper zu bilden, wobei sowohl der obere als auch der untere Faserformteilabschnitt jeweils auf mit einem beigemischten Bindemittel verbundenen Matrixfasern basieren.The fiber molding according to the invention preferably comprises an electrically conductive paper structure embedded in the fiber molding with an upper main surface and a lower main surface, the electrically conductive paper structure having at least two conductor tracks extending along the paper structure and the conductor tracks each having an electrical connection suitable for contacting a power source line, wherein the upper major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure has an upper molded fiber portion and the lower major surface of the electrically conductive paper structure has a lower molded fiber portion, thereby forming a composite body, each of the upper and lower molded fiber portions being respectively on with matrix fibers connected to an admixed binder.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass der Aufwand des nachträglichen Kontaktierens eines Verbundkörpers, in dem ein mit Leiterbahnen versehenes elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge eingebettet ist, d.h. das Verbinden des Papiergefüges mit für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen, in vorteilhafter Weise verringert werden kann, indem ein mit Leiterbahnen versehenes elektrisch leitendes Papiergefüge zunächst mit für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen verbunden und das so erhaltene Ausgangsmaterial in eine für die Erzeugung von dreidimensional ausgeprägten Faserformteilen aus Fasermaterial geeignete hohle Form eingebracht wird, gefolgt von einem Schritt des Einblasens von Fasern und Bindemittel durch eine Luftströmung in die gelochte Form, um auf diese Weise einen Verbundkörper zu erhalten, bei dem das Leiterbahnen und elektrische Leitungen aufweisende elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge an seiner Oberseite und an seiner Unterseite jeweils einen Faserformteilabschnitt aufweist. Die elektrischen Leitungen, insbesondere Kabel, sowie das gegenüber Diffusion offene Papier behindern den Prozess des Einblasens von Luft nicht. Die auf Grundlage der vorliegenden Erfindung erhaltenen technischen Vorteile sind insbesondere: die innige, sichere Verbindung der elektrischen Leitungen, insbesondere Kabel, mit dem elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüge; das Vermeiden einer nachträglichen, häufig aufwändigen Kontaktierung des Papiergefüges mit Kabeln und damit verbunden die Einsparung von Kosten und Arbeitszeit; das Gewinnen von Designfreiheit hinsichtlich das Anordnens der elektrischen Leitungen, insbesondere Kabel, im zu erzeugenden Produkt; das Produkt ist nach Beendigung des Einblasens von Luft, Fasermaterial und Bindemittel in die gelochte Form nach einem Öffnen der Form fertiggestellt und einsatzbereit; die Kontaktierung ist im Faserformteil integriert und somit nicht sichtbar, fühlbar und vor äußeren Einflüssen geschützt.The present invention is based on the finding that the expense of subsequently contacting a composite body in which an electrically conductive paper structure provided with conductor tracks is embedded, ie connecting the paper structure with electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source, is advantageous can be reduced by first connecting an electrically conductive paper structure provided with conductor tracks with electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source and introducing the starting material thus obtained into a hollow mold suitable for the production of three-dimensionally shaped fiber moldings from fiber material, followed by a step blowing fibers and binder into the perforated mold by an air flow, thereby obtaining a composite body in which the electrically conductive paper structure having conductor tracks and electrical lines has a fiber molding section on its upper side and on its lower side, respectively. The electrical lines, in particular cables, as well as the paper open to diffusion do not impede the process of blowing in air. The technical advantages obtained on the basis of the present invention are in particular: the intimate, secure connection of the electrical lines, in particular cables, with the electrically conductive paper structure; the avoidance of a subsequent, often complex contacting of the paper structure with cables and the associated savings in costs and working time; gaining design freedom with regard to arranging the electrical lines, in particular cables, in the product to be produced; the product is finished and ready for use after completion of the injection of air, fiber material and binder into the perforated mold after opening the mold; the contact is integrated in the molded fiber part and is therefore not visible, tangible and protected from external influences.
Eine für die Erzeugung des erfindungsgemäßen Faserformteils geeignete Form ist im Stand der Technik bekannt, siehe z.B. die Schriften
Eine für die Erzeugung des erfindungsgemäßen Faserformteils geeignete Form kann bei Bedarf auf einer mehrteiligen Form basieren, die zusätzlich zu einer Oberform und einer Unterform noch weitere Formteilmaterialelemente aufweist, siehe z.B. die
Die Matrixfasern können z.B. auf Fasern aus Viskose, Basalt, Glas, Silikat und/oder auf Mineralfasern basieren. Als Bindemittel eignen sich z.B. Kunststofffasern, insbesondere Polypropylenfasern, Polyesterfasern und Copolyesterfasern, oder Phenolharz. Das Bindemittel kann des Weiteren in Form eines Bindepulvers vorliegen, insbesondere in Form eines PE-Pulvers, Acryllackpulvers oder ähnlichen Bindeharzen. Geeignete Matrixfasern und Bindemittel sind dem Fachmann bekannt, siehe z.B. die
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante für das Erzeugen das Faserformteils weist das Matrixfasermaterial/Bindemittel-Gemisch zusätzlich Granulat auf, das der Steuerung der Brennbarkeit, Wärmeleitfähigkeit, Isolierfähigkeit, Wasserabweisbarkeit und/oder Ölabweisbarkeit dient und vorzugsweise von der Gruppe bestehend aus Polystyrol, Kieselsäure, Aerogel, insbesondere Silikat-Aerogel, oder einem Gemisch zweier oder mehrerer der vorstehend genannten Elemente gewählt ist. Geeignetes Granulat ist dem Fachmann bekannt, siehe z.B. die
Die Maßnahme des Bereitstellens eines mit Leiterbahnen versehenen, elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges ist dem Fachmann bekannt, siehe z.B. die
Das elektrisch leitende Papiergefüge kann zur Steuerung der gewünschten Eigenschaften mit zusätzlichen Armierungsfasern versehen werden. Zusätzlich ist eine Oberflächenleimung oder eine Oberflächenimprägnierung möglich.The electrically conductive paper structure can be provided with additional reinforcing fibers to control the desired properties. In addition, surface sizing or surface impregnation is possible.
Mit Bezug auf die zumindest zwei sich entlang des elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüges erstreckenden Leiterbahnen sind unterschiedliche Ausführungen denkbar. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante werden z.B. Metallstreifen durch Aufdampfen, Aufsprühen, Aufdrucken oder Abscheiden eines leitfähigen metallischen Materials auf dem Papiergefüge hergestellt. Wichtig bei allen Ausführungen ist, dass ein Kontakt zu den im Papiergefüge befindlichen, leitfähigen Komponenten, insbesondere metallischen Fasern und/oder Kohlenstofffasern, sichergestellt ist. Im einfachsten Fall basiert die Leiterbahn auf einem metallischen Faden, z.B. aus gewalztem Metall, auf einem Metallband oder einem Metalldraht, wobei das Metall insbesondere von einem gut leitfähigen Metall wie etwa Silber, Kupfer, Gold, Aluminium, Wolfram, Eisen, Zink oder dergleichen oder einer Legierung eines oder mehrerer der vorstehend genannten Elemente gewählt ist. Des Weiteren ist aber auch die Verwendung eines metallisierten Fadens möglich, z.B. die Verwendung eines auf einer Kunststoffträgerfolie als Trägersubstrat basierenden, mit einem gut leitfähigen Metall wie etwa Silber, Kupfer, Gold, Aluminium, Wolfram, Eisen, Zink oder dergleichen metallisierten Fadens. Als Kunststoffträgerfolie kann insbesondere Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) verwendet werden. Des Weiteren kann als Leiterbahn eine metallisierte Folie oder ein Laminat aus Folien und gewalzten Metallfolien verwendet werden. Metallisierte Fäden können zur besseren Fixierung im elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüge zusätzlich, zumindest einseitig, mit einem Klebstoff ausgestattet sein, der mit Vorteil ein leitfähiger Klebstoff ist. Weiterhin ist es möglich, dass die jeweilige Leiterbahn auf dem Papier aufgebracht ist oder im elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüge eingebettet ist oder weitgehend im elektrisch leitenden Papiergefüge eingebracht ist und insbesondere im Bereich der Kontaktierungsstelle partiell freiliegt, wie es im Banknotenbereich bei sogenannten Fensterfäden der Fall ist. Der Begriff Leiterbahn ist nicht zwangsläufig auf eine alleinige Ausgestaltung als (eher schmaler) Faden beschränkt, der z.B. eine Breite von 2 mm oder weniger aufweist, sondern Ausgestaltungen wie (eher breite) Streifen oder Bänder sind ebenfalls denkbar, die z.B. eine Breite von 4 mm bis 20 mm, oder sogar eine Breite bis 30 mm, aufweisen. Grundsätzlich ist es ebenfalls denkbar, dass als Leiterbahn ein einfacher leitfähiger Metalldraht oder ein Metallgeflecht verwendet wird. Auch Ausführungsvarianten wie z.B. Flachlitzen, Zopfgeflechte, Gestricke, Lahnbänder und dergleichen sind möglich. Des Weiteren kann die jeweilige Leiterbahnen drucktechnisch hergestellt werden, zum Beispiel mittels eines Siebdruckverfahrens. Als leifähige Lacke können z.B. wässrige Siebdruckfarben auf Basis von Rußpartikeln, Silberpartikeln oder anderen die Leitfähigkeit herstellenden Partikeln verwendet werden.Different designs are conceivable with regard to the at least two conductor tracks extending along the electrically conductive paper structure. According to a preferred variant, metal strips, for example, are produced by vapor deposition, spraying, imprinting or depositing a conductive metallic material on the paper structure. It is important in all versions that contact with the conductive components located in the paper structure, in particular metallic fibers and/or carbon fibers, is ensured. In the simplest case, the conductor track is based on a metallic thread, e.g. made of rolled metal, on a metal strip or a metal wire, the metal being in particular a highly conductive metal such as silver, copper, gold, aluminum, tungsten, iron, zinc or the like or an alloy of one or more of the above elements. Furthermore, the use of a metallized thread is also possible, eg the use of a thread based on a plastic carrier film as carrier substrate and metallized with a highly conductive metal such as silver, copper, gold, aluminum, tungsten, iron, zinc or the like. As a plastic carrier film in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be used. Furthermore, a metallized foil or a laminate of foils and rolled metal foils can be used as the conductor track. For better fixation in the electrically conductive paper structure, metallized threads can additionally be provided with an adhesive, at least on one side, which is advantageously a conductive adhesive. Furthermore, it is possible that the respective conductor track is applied to the paper or is embedded in the electrically conductive paper structure or is largely introduced into the electrically conductive paper structure and is partially exposed in particular in the area of the contact point, as is the case with so-called window threads in the banknote area. The term trace is not necessarily limited to a single design as a (rather narrow) thread, for example, having a width of 2 mm or less, but designs such as (rather wide) strips or bands are also conceivable, for example, a width of 4 mm up to 20 mm, or even a width up to 30 mm. In principle, it is also conceivable that a simple conductive metal wire or a metal mesh is used as the conductor track. Design variants such as flat braids, braided braids, knitted fabrics, tinsel tapes and the like are also possible. Furthermore, the respective conductor tracks can be produced by printing, for example by means of a screen printing process. Aqueous screen printing inks based on carbon black particles, silver particles or other particles that produce conductivity can be used as conductive lacquers, for example.
Die für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen basieren z.B. jeweils auf eine isolierende Umhüllung aufweisenden metallischen elektrischen Leitern in Form von Drähten, Litzen, Bändern oder Schienen. Vorzugsweise liegen die für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen jeweils in Form eines Kabels vor.The electrical lines suitable for making contact with a power source are based, for example, on metallic electrical conductors in the form of wires, strands, strips or rails each having an insulating sheath. The electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source are preferably each in the form of a cable.
Die Verbindung der Leiterbahnen mit den für die Kontaktierung mit einer Stromquelle geeigneten elektrischen Leitungen erfolgt z.B. jeweils mittels eines Steckverbinders, eines Klemmverbinders, einer elektrisch leitfähigen Klebeverbindung oder mittels einer Schraube in Verbindung mit einem Kabelschuh.The conductor tracks are connected to the electrical lines suitable for contacting a power source, for example by means of a plug connector, a clamp connector, an electrically conductive adhesive connection or a screw in conjunction with a cable lug.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst des Weiteren eine Verwendung des Faserformteils als Heizelement, als Element für die elektromagnetische Abschirmung, als Element zur Versorgung anderer elektrischer Verbraucher, als Element für die Ableitung elektrostatischer Ladungen oder als Element für die Signalweiterleitung bzw. Signaldetektion.The present invention also includes using the fiber molding as a heating element, as an element for electromagnetic shielding, as an element for supplying other electrical consumers, as an element for dissipating electrostatic charges or as an element for signal transmission or signal detection.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele sowie Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert, bei deren Darstellung auf eine maßstabs- und proportionsgetreue Wiedergabe verzichtet wurde, um die Anschaulichkeit zu erhöhen.Further exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures, which are not shown to scale and proportions in order to improve clarity.
- Figuren 1 bis 5Figures 1 to 5
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel für das Herstellen des erfindungsgemäßen Faserformteils.an embodiment for the production of the fiber molded part according to the invention.
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Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102022000645.6A DE102022000645A1 (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Fiber molding, method for producing the same and use |
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EP4231776A1 true EP4231776A1 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
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EP22020564.5A Pending EP4231776A1 (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-11-16 | Moulded fibre part, method for producing the same and use |
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DE (1) | DE102022000645A1 (en) |
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2022
- 2022-02-22 DE DE102022000645.6A patent/DE102022000645A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-11-16 EP EP22020564.5A patent/EP4231776A1/en active Pending
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DE2057017A1 (en) * | 1969-11-21 | 1971-06-09 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | Heat generator and method of manufacturing the generator |
US3839134A (en) * | 1972-02-09 | 1974-10-01 | Kansai Hoon Kogyo Kk | Electric heat-generating sheet assembly |
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