EP4205146A1 - Câble de puissance intégrant un système de mesure autonome communicant - Google Patents
Câble de puissance intégrant un système de mesure autonome communicantInfo
- Publication number
- EP4205146A1 EP4205146A1 EP21770049.1A EP21770049A EP4205146A1 EP 4205146 A1 EP4205146 A1 EP 4205146A1 EP 21770049 A EP21770049 A EP 21770049A EP 4205146 A1 EP4205146 A1 EP 4205146A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- sensor
- measuring
- electronic circuit
- measuring means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/001—Energy harvesting or scavenging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D7/00—Indicating measured values
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J11/00—Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power cable integrating a communicating autonomous measurement system.
- the measurement system aims to collect values of certain physical quantities relating to the state of the cable and/or to a system integrating the cable and/or to the external environment of the cable, the autonomous character reference to the self-al indentation of this system in electrical energy and the communicating aspect relates to the transmission of the collected values towards the outside of the cable.
- the invention belongs to the field of electric power cables intended for the transport of energy and/or the transmission of data. It finds application in particular, but not exclusively, in fields as diverse as that of infrastructure cables, railway cables or even wind turbines, more precisely at the level of the instrumentation located inside the towers. 'wind turbines.
- Document WO 2014/026300 also discloses an energy recovery system based on the principle of self-induction, which takes the energy on a power cable in which the electric current flows and which supplies a strip of light-emitting diodes for the beaconing of a three-phase conductor.
- the energy harvester consists of a ferromagnetic cable on which a copper winding is wound. The voltage is recovered at the ends of this winding.
- the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art.
- the present invention provides a power cable comprising at least one conductive element, remarkable in that it further comprises: at least one means of measuring at least one physical quantity; at least one electronic circuit, connected to the measuring means and adapted to receive from the at least one measuring means at least one signal representative of said at least one physical quantity; and at least one energy recovery system arranged inside the cable, adapted to supply electrical energy to the at least one electronic circuit from the electrical energy available in the at least one conductive element.
- the cable according to the invention embeds a miniaturized assembly comprising the measuring means, the electronic circuit and the energy recovery system, the latter allowing, without requiring an external power supply to the cable, to provide energy sufficient to operate the measuring means via the electronic circuit.
- This not only makes it possible to do away with the separate transport of these measurement and power supply equipment electric, but also, by an appropriate miniaturization, to keep the cable a reduced diameter as well as a flexibility allowing an easy installation on site.
- the electronic circuit is also placed inside the cable.
- the cable thus embeds all the elements necessary for the measurement, in complete autonomy as regards the supply of electrical energy. This allows the assembly to be pre-assembled in the factory and further facilitates the installation of the cable on site.
- the energy recovery system comprises a plurality of coils mounted in series, each coil of this plurality of coils having a magnetic core and a predetermined number of turns.
- these coils are compact, which allows the serial assembly of a sufficient number of them for the energy recovery system to collect the energy necessary for the power supply of the means of measurement via the electronic circuit.
- the energy recovery system is arranged in at least one gap between these at least two conductive elements, at a minimum distance from these at least two elements. conductors, so that the flux density of the magnetic field generated by the electric current flowing in these at least two conductive elements is maximum.
- the measuring means is placed inside the cable. This further simplifies on-site cable installation.
- the measuring means can be arranged on the cable.
- This variant makes it possible to provide a single pre-assembly in the factory, whatever the measuring means envisaged subsequently and to subsequently personalize the cable by placing the desired measuring means on it.
- the cable comprises three conductive elements, that is to say it is a three-phase cable. It is thus possible to place series assemblies of coils in the three interstices respectively located between each pair of phases of the cable.
- the cable may comprise four conductive elements, including a neutral, or even more conductive elements. This provides additional gaps to place the energy harvesting system(s).
- the cable further comprises at least one radiofrequency device, suitable for transmitting data representative of the at least one signal representative of the at least one physical quantity to the outside of the cable.
- This radio frequency device also supplied with current by the energy recovery system, can for example, but not necessarily, also be arranged inside the cable, with the energy recovery system and possibly the measuring means and/or the electronic circuit.
- the radiofrequency device can be arranged on the cable.
- the cable further comprises a means for storing the electrical energy recovered by the energy recovery system.
- This arrangement is advantageous because it makes it possible not to lose the electrical energy which would be collected by the energy recovery system but which would not be immediately necessary for the operation of the various elements embedded in the cable.
- the at least one measuring means may comprise (the following list not being exhaustive): an ampacity sensor, suitable for measuring the maximum intensity admissible by the cable ; and/or a temperature sensor, adapted to measure the temperature in a predetermined region of the cable; and/or a pressure sensor, adapted to measure the pressure in a predetermined region of the cable; and/or an intensity sensor, suitable for measuring the intensity of the electric current flowing through the cable; and/or an electric voltage sensor, suitable for measuring the electric voltage across a portion of the at least one conductive element; and/or an electrical power sensor, suitable for measuring the electrical power available in the cable; and/or a mechanical tension sensor, suitable for measuring the mechanical tension undergone by the cable; and/or a location sensor, suitable for determining the geographical location of a predetermined region of the cable; and/or a vibration sensor, adapted to measure the vibrations in a predetermined region of the cable; and/or a humidity sensor, adapted to determine the degree of humidity in a predetermined region of the cable;
- the measuring means embedded in the cable thus has the advantage of allowing good knowledge of the condition and operation of the cable. It is thus possible to anticipate breakdowns or malfunctions of the cable and consequently limit repairs and production stoppages for cable users.
- the cable further comprises at least one tube, or a hollow profile, inside which is housed the at least one electronic circuit and/or the at least one heat recovery system. energy and/or the at least one measuring means.
- the tube thus constitutes a "false branch" having the advantage of protecting the elements contained therein against damage caused by exempt from the mechanical or environmental stresses to which the cable is subjected.
- the tube may nevertheless have a larger diameter, depending on the space available for the tube in the cable in question.
- the present invention also proposes a system for recovering electrical energy via a magnetic field induced by a current flow, remarkable in that it comprises a plurality of coils mounted in series. , each of the plurality of coils having a magnetic core and a predetermined number of turns.
- the present invention also proposes a wind turbine tower, remarkable in that it comprises at least one cable as briefly described above.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a cross section of a cable according to the present invention, in a particular embodiment;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic representation of a coil with a magnetic core included in a particular embodiment of a cable according to the present invention;
- FIG. 3 is a functional schematic representation of elements relating to the cable according to the present invention, in a particular embodiment
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic representation of a magnetic core of a coil included in a particular embodiment of a cable according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a three-phase cable according to the present invention, in a particular embodiment.
- the cable according to the present invention is an electric power cable intended for example for the transport of energy and/or for the transmission of data.
- it may be a cable used to supply a wind turbine tower.
- Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a cable 10 according to the present invention, in a particular embodiment
- the cable 10 comprises at least one conductive element 12.
- the cable is three-phase and therefore comprises three conductive elements 12.
- the cable shown in the drawing comprises conductive elements 12 having a circular cross section. Nevertheless, this form is given by way of non-limiting example. Other shapes are possible, such as for example a substantially flat cross-section.
- each conductive element 12 there can be one or more layers of insulating material, themselves optionally, but not necessarily, covered with a mechanical barrier, for example of the braid or ribbon type.
- the cable 10 may also include an inner sheath 13 and an outer sheath 15, this example embodiment however not being limiting.
- the cable 10 further comprises at least one means 36 for measuring at least one physical quantity relating to the state of the cable and /or to a system of which the cable is part and/or to the external environment of the cable.
- This measuring means 36 can be arranged either inside the cable 10, or on or near it, so that the measuring means 36 is adjacent to the cable 10 or in its close environment.
- an ampacity sensor suitable for measuring the maximum admissible intensity by the cable 10 a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature in a predetermined region of the cable 10, a pressure sensor adapted to measure the pressure in a predetermined region of the cable 10, an intensity sensor adapted to measure the intensity electric current flowing through the cable 10, an electric voltage sensor adapted to measure the electric voltage across a portion of the at least one conductive element, an electric power sensor adapted to measure the electric power available in the cable 10 , a mechanical tension sensor adapted to measure the mechanical tension undergone by the cable 10, a location sensor adapted to determine the geographical location of a predetermined region of the cable 10, u n vibration sensor adapted to measure the vibrations in a predetermined region of the cable 10, a humidity sensor, adapted to determine the degree of humidity in a predetermined region of the cable 10, a gas flow sensor, adapted to determine the flow rate of a gas present in the environment of the cable
- a single or several measurement means 36 suitable for measuring the same physical quantity or physical quantities of a different nature, can be embedded in the cable 10.
- the measurement means 36 can also be adapted to measure one or more parameters relating to the external environment of the cable 10, such as for example the presence of gas thanks to the aforementioned gas flow sensor, or the presence of people, these examples not being limiting.
- the cable 10 also comprises at least one electronic circuit 32, connected to the at least one measuring means 36 and adapted to receive, from the at least one measuring means 36, at least one signal representative of the at least one physical quantity.
- the electronic circuit 32 can also be arranged inside the cable 10.
- the function of the electronic circuit 32 is to condition the signal transporting the electrical energy collected by an energy recovery system 30 described later, namely, to rectify and store this signal, for example by means of a or several capacitors or accumulators, in order to stabilize the signal in order to make it available to the means or means 36 of measurement.
- the electronic circuit 32 may, by way of non-limiting example, comprise a rectifier bridge and a DC-DC converter of the step-up type, also called "boost" or “Buck” converter or series chopper.
- the cable 10 further comprises at least one energy recovery system 30, optionally but not necessarily arranged inside the cable 10 and adapted to supply electrical energy to the at least one circuit electronics 32 from the electrical energy available in the at least one conductive element 12.
- the electrical energy coming from the electric current flowing in the conductive element(s) 12 is in fact collected by one or more energy recovery systems 30, which use the magnetic flux induced by this flow of current to recover the energy and, optionally, storing it in an electrical energy storage means 34 such as a miniature battery, this electrical energy storage means 34 possibly also, but not necessarily, being arranged inside the cable 10, for example in the form of one or more capacitors or accumulators, forming, for example, part of the electronic circuit 32 described above.
- An energy recovery system 30 of the type contained in the cable according to the invention may for example, but not necessarily, be of the type described below.
- the energy recovery system 30 may comprise a single coil 16 of the type shown in Figure 2, or a plurality of coils 16, which may be connected in series, in parallel or both, so as to obtain levels sufficient voltage and power.
- the number of coils 16 depends on the intended application and the space available in the cable 10.
- the power recovered is proportional to the number of coils 16.
- Each coil 16 has a magnetic core 160 and a predetermined number of turns 162.
- the magnetic core 160 is made for example of a soft ferromagnetic material, such as an alloy of iron and nickel, for example with at least 36% nickel, or else an alloy of iron and silicon, or else a ferrite, or even a nanocrystalline alloy or an amorphous material.
- a soft ferromagnetic material such as an alloy of iron and nickel, for example with at least 36% nickel, or else an alloy of iron and silicon, or else a ferrite, or even a nanocrystalline alloy or an amorphous material.
- the turns 162 constitute a coil of insulated wire.
- the coil 16 or the coils 16 connected in series are advantageously placed close to the conductive element(s) 12 according to an arrangement making it possible to have a maximum flux density induced in the core 160 by the aforementioned magnetic field.
- the core 160 of the coil 16 comprises a assembly of at least two sheets, for example cut from a single block, for example three sheets, including a central sheet 1600 inclined with respect to the direction of the magnetic field and two end sheets 1601 and 1602 on either side of the central plate and parallel to each other, as shown in figure 4.
- the core 160 can comprise only the central plate 1600, inclined or not with respect to the direction of the magnetic field, the core 160 can be in one piece or in several parts possibly but not necessarily assembled together, etc.
- the coils 16 and their cores 160 can then be positioned for example as illustrated in Figure 5.
- the energy recovery system or systems 30 are arranged in at least one gap between these conductive elements 12, at a minimum distance of the latter, so that the flux density of the magnetic field generated by the electric current flowing in the conductive elements 12 is maximum.
- the cable 10 may comprise a variable number of conductive elements 12.
- the cable 10 comprises four conductive elements 12, including a neutral.
- any embodiment of the energy recovery system 30, possibly other than the coils 16, is arranged such that the preferred axis of operation of the energy recovery system 30 is parallel to the field lines of the induced magnetic field.
- the energy recovery system 30 is therefore arranged between two phases and positioned so that its preferred operating axis is parallel to the field lines.
- the cable comprises three tubes 14 in which the coils 16 are housed.
- the cable 10 may comprise at least one tube 14 inside which are housed either one, some or all of the following elements: electronic circuit(s) 32, system(s) s) 30 energy recuperator(s), means(s) 36 of measurement.
- the tube(s) 14 may be cylindrical or optionally of flattened shape. Their cross-section is not necessarily circular or elliptical. It can be triangular, rectangular or have any other shape deemed appropriate in the application concerned.
- the tube or tubes 14 may have an outside diameter less than or equal to approximately 20 to 25 mm, preferably less than or equal to approximately 15 mm, preferably less than or equal to approximately 15 mm. equal to about 8 mm.
- the value of this diameter which is the most suitable for the dimension of the cross-section of the cable 10 considered will be chosen.
- the tube(s) 14 may have a length of several tens of cm and may contain, at predetermined distance intervals, several assemblies each consisting of at least the following elements: an energy recovery system 30, a electronic circuit 32 and a measuring means 36 and, optionally, an electrical energy storage device 34 and a radiofrequency device 38.
- the presence of one or more tubes 14 is optional: the cable 10 according to the present invention may not include any tube 14.
- the cable 10 further comprises, optionally, one or more radio frequency devices 38 (for example of the RFID type, in English “Radio Frequency IDentification", identification by radio frequency, or WiFi type), suitable for transmitting to the outside of the cable 10 data representative of the at least one signal! representative of at least one physical quantity.
- radio frequency devices 38 for example of the RFID type, in English “Radio Frequency IDentification", identification by radio frequency, or WiFi type
- the radiofrequency device(s) 38 can be integrated into the electronic circuit 32.
- the measurement means(s) 36 can also be integrated into the electronic circuit 32.
- the energy recovery system 30 contained in the cable 10 supplies electrical current by electromagnetism to the electronic circuit 32 and therefore to the at least one measuring means 36 which is connected to the electronic circuit 32. This supply is done for example at regular time intervals, this time interval being able for example to depend on the energy storage capacity of the means 34 for storing electrical energy.
- the energy recovery system 30 can also supply electric current to any other element present in or on the cable 10.
- the energy recovery system 30 can supply one or more light-emitting diodes arranged in or on the cable 10, which thus becomes a self-illuminated cable, also called illuminating cable.
- the present invention offers great measurement modularity, a wide variety of physical quantities reflecting the state of the cable that can be measured by means of an adaptation of the electronic circuit(s) 32 and a possible modification of the number of energy recovery systems 30 and/or, in a particular embodiment, a possible modification of the number of coils 16 that they contain if necessary, according to the consumption needs of the various measurement means 36 involved.
- the present invention makes it possible to integrate all the functions described above into an existing cable without increasing its dimensions, due to the miniaturization of the various constituents of this assembly.
- the invention also does not require modifying the manufacturing process of the cable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2008739A FR3113763B1 (fr) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Câble de puissance intégrant un système de mesure autonome communicant |
PCT/FR2021/051479 WO2022043634A1 (fr) | 2020-08-27 | 2021-08-24 | Câble de puissance intégrant un système de mesure autonome communicant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4205146A1 true EP4205146A1 (fr) | 2023-07-05 |
Family
ID=73497929
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21770049.1A Pending EP4205146A1 (fr) | 2020-08-27 | 2021-08-24 | Câble de puissance intégrant un système de mesure autonome communicant |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230307950A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4205146A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3184575A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3113763B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022043634A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3131655A1 (fr) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-07-07 | Nexans | Bague de suivi du fonctionnement d’un câble de puissance et câble équipé d’une telle bague |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR112015003431B1 (pt) | 2012-08-17 | 2022-03-29 | Servicios Condumex, S.A. De C.V. | Sistema para extração de energia para cabos de iluminação entre outros usos, que compreende um cabo de energia e um dispositivo de extração de energia, métodos de fabricação e conserto do referido sistema |
EP2947466A1 (fr) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Dispositif d'exploitation d'énergie |
EP3430358B1 (fr) * | 2016-03-16 | 2023-08-09 | Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin | Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer une valeur de mesure pour un câble d'alimentation |
EP3557729B1 (fr) * | 2018-04-19 | 2021-03-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dispositif de réseau de puissance |
-
2020
- 2020-08-27 FR FR2008739A patent/FR3113763B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-08-24 CA CA3184575A patent/CA3184575A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-08-24 EP EP21770049.1A patent/EP4205146A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-08-24 WO PCT/FR2021/051479 patent/WO2022043634A1/fr unknown
- 2021-08-24 US US18/020,912 patent/US20230307950A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2022043634A1 (fr) | 2022-03-03 |
US20230307950A1 (en) | 2023-09-28 |
FR3113763A1 (fr) | 2022-03-04 |
FR3113763B1 (fr) | 2022-10-14 |
CA3184575A1 (fr) | 2022-03-03 |
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