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EP4153910B1 - Chaudière à électrodes - Google Patents

Chaudière à électrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4153910B1
EP4153910B1 EP20744162.7A EP20744162A EP4153910B1 EP 4153910 B1 EP4153910 B1 EP 4153910B1 EP 20744162 A EP20744162 A EP 20744162A EP 4153910 B1 EP4153910 B1 EP 4153910B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
electrode
boiler
container
level
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20744162.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4153910A1 (fr
Inventor
Fred Strømland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parat Halvorsen AS
Original Assignee
Parat Halvorsen AS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parat Halvorsen AS filed Critical Parat Halvorsen AS
Publication of EP4153910A1 publication Critical patent/EP4153910A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4153910B1 publication Critical patent/EP4153910B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • F22B1/30—Electrode boilers
    • F22B1/303—Electrode boilers with means for injecting or spraying water against electrodes or with means for water circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • F22B1/284—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water in reservoirs
    • F22B1/285—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water in reservoirs the water being fed by a pump to the reservoirs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrode boiler for providing hot water or steam and a method for operating the electrode boiler.
  • An electrode boiler includes a number of electrodes, one for each phase, immersed in a water bath. Heat is generated by passing an AC electrical current between the electrodes or to a counter electrode using the water as conductor.
  • the boilers are designed for low voltage ((230 - 690 V) or high voltage (1 - 36 kV) supply and with heat ratings from about 0 - 100 MW. Electrode boilers have many advantages, such as an efficiency approaching 100%, easy control of output range and a fast startup.
  • the output of the boiler may be controlled with the water level covering more or less of the electrodes.
  • the output may be shut off either with switches or by lowering the water level out of reach of the electrodes.
  • Each method has its merits.
  • the switches are subject to wear as they have to handle large currents. By lowering the water level below the electrodes, the boiler may be shut off avoiding switches altogether.
  • an arc may be created. This arc may reach another electrode directly or via metal parts of the boiler. Such a situation may lead to a full short circuit.
  • the inventive electrode boiler includes a container holding water, a number of electrodes, each electrode including a first upper end connected to a source of electric power and a second lower end submerged in the water, and means for controlling the water level in said container.
  • Said means include a circulation pump supplying water to the container through a supply line, and a throttle valve.
  • the supply line is connected to an arc stopper located beneath the second lower end of each electrode, the arc stopper comprising a receptacle made of an electrically insulating material, wherein an upper rim of said side wall is positioned level with or just above the second lower end of the associated electrode.
  • the electrode boiler is operated using the method according to claim 2 and 3.
  • the presence of the insulating arc stopper will effectively prevent the formation of arcs.
  • the invention relates to an electrode boiler, and the embodiment of the invention described in the following paragraphs is intended to supply hot water.
  • the boiler 1 is connected in a closed water loop to a circulation pump 2 and a heat exchanger 3.
  • the pump circulates water continuously through the boiler, in which it is heated, the produced heat being removed in the heat exchanger 3 whereupon the now colder water is sent back to the boiler for reheating.
  • the heat exchanger will be omitted and the steam delivered directly to a pipe network.
  • the boiler includes a boiler drum 4. Inside the drum 4 there is mounted an inner container 5 on electrically insulated brackets. A number of electrodes 7 are suspended from the roof of the drum, in conductive rods passing through insulated bushings. The rods are connected to a source of AC electric power by means of conductors 10.
  • the boiler system includes a 3-way throttle valve 6 controlling the flow in the closed water loop including the circulation pump 2 and the supply line 16 supplying water to the container 5, a level safety gauge 8 and level control system 9, a pressure safety valve 11, a throttle valve 14 for draining water from the inner container 5, a processed feed water inlet 12 and a blow down outlet line 13.
  • the inner container 5 holds water at a predefined level.
  • the water level is controlled by the throttle valve 14, from readings from a level gauge.
  • the production from the boiler may be controlled by changing the water level.
  • the water is supplied through the supply line 16 which branches out into a number of small tubes entering the bottom of the inner container 5.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of the invention.
  • Each arc stopper comprises a receptacle of an electrically insulating material, such a ceramic material (e.g. porcelain), glass or PFTE.
  • the arch stoppers may be positioned at the bottom of the container 5.
  • the arc stoppers are mounted to ensure that the top rim of the receptacle is positioned on level with, or preferably a bit above the lower end of the associated electrode 7.
  • In the bottom of each arc stopper there is an opening connecting the receptacle to the water supply line 16.
  • the water in the inner container 5 is drained via the throttle valve 14.
  • the water outside the arc stopper 15 will drain away completely, while water inside the arc stopper will remain at level with the upper rim of the receptacle and maintain in contact with the electrode 7.
  • the circulation pump 2 supplying water through the supply line 16 is stopped, whereupon the water level will drop also inside the arc stoppers 15.
  • the water will lose contact with the electrode 7. This is the moment when an arc could occur.
  • the presence of the arc stopper means that the arc will have to climb an insulating barrier to reach another electrode or the metal of the surrounding container 4. This will effectively prevent the formation of an arc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Chaudière à électrodes, incluant un réservoir (5) contenant de l'eau, un nombre d'électrodes (7), chaque électrode incluant une première extrémité supérieure connectée à une source d'énergie électrique et une seconde extrémité inférieure immergée dans l'eau, et des moyens pour commander le niveau d'eau dans ledit réservoir (5), dans laquelle lesdits moyens incluent une pompe de circulation (2) pour effectuer l'alimentation en eau audit réservoir (5) par le biais d'une conduite d'alimentation (16) et d'une soupape d'étranglement (14),
    dans laquelle la conduite d'alimentation (16) est connectée à un dispositif de protection anti-arc (15) situé en dessous de la seconde extrémité inférieure de chaque électrode (7),
    caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de protection anti-arc (15) comprend un réceptacle avec une paroi de fond et une paroi latérale faites d'un matériau électroisolant,
    dans laquelle un rebord supérieur dudit réceptacle est positionné de niveau avec, ou juste au-dessus de, la seconde extrémité inférieure de l'électrode associée (7).
  2. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une chaudière à électrodes selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la production de la chaudière à électrodes est démarrée et arrêtée en commandant le niveau d'eau à l'extérieur et à l'intérieur du dispositif de protection anti-arc (15).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la production est arrêtée en vidant premièrement l'eau dudit réservoir (5) et puis en vidant l'eau dudit dispositif de protection anti-arc (15).
EP20744162.7A 2020-05-22 2020-05-22 Chaudière à électrodes Active EP4153910B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO2020/050135 WO2021235938A1 (fr) 2020-05-22 2020-05-22 Chaudière à électrodes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4153910A1 EP4153910A1 (fr) 2023-03-29
EP4153910B1 true EP4153910B1 (fr) 2023-11-22

Family

ID=71741855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20744162.7A Active EP4153910B1 (fr) 2020-05-22 2020-05-22 Chaudière à électrodes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4153910B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115667797A (fr)
DK (1) DK4153910T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI4153910T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021235938A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB193405A (en) * 1922-02-15 1923-10-18 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to vapour or steam generators or boilers
GB218089A (en) * 1923-06-16 1924-07-03 Gen Electric Improvements in and relating to electrically heated steam and vapour generators
GB472479A (en) 1936-03-20 1937-09-20 Sydney Cyril Harling Improvements in or relating to electrode boilers
US4418269A (en) * 1980-03-24 1983-11-29 Eaton Williams Raymond H Multi-electrode boiler
FR2604846B1 (fr) * 1986-10-03 1993-11-19 Electricite De France Generateur electrothermique a conduction directe
RU2014128960A (ru) * 2012-12-05 2017-01-13 Ким Но Ыль Электродный котел с блоком электродов
CN204853421U (zh) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-09 广州兴能机电科技有限公司 高压电极蒸汽锅炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115667797A (zh) 2023-01-31
WO2021235938A1 (fr) 2021-11-25
FI4153910T3 (fi) 2024-02-22
EP4153910A1 (fr) 2023-03-29
DK4153910T3 (da) 2024-02-26

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