EP4099284A1 - Key with a generator and an energy storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

A key with a key bow (2) and a key shank (3) for actuating a lock cylinder (11) is proposed, comprising key electronics (7) which transmits a coded opening signal to the lock cylinder (11) and a generator (9) for Supply of the key electronics (12) with electrical energy.

In order to provide a key with the smallest possible installation space, it is proposed that an energy store (81) with at least one capacitor (811) for storing the electrical energy generated by the generator (9) be arranged between the generator (9) and the key electronics (12), wherein the generator (9) charges the energy store (81) with a voltage which is at least twice the supply voltage of the key electronics (7).

Description

The invention relates to a key with a key bow and a key shank according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Such keys for actuating an electric cylinder are known from practice. These keys have key electronics to transmit a coded opening signal to the lock cylinder, a so-called E-cylinder. One advantage of such keys is that the electronic coding of the key or e-cylinder can be easily programmed electronically.

In the EP 1 039 074 B1 a key with a key bow and a key shank for actuating electronically secured locks is known. This key has a flywheel generator and an energy store, both of which are located in the bow of the key. The flywheel generator has a mass pendulum in the form of a flywheel, which is driven by vibrations that occur when carrying or moving the key.

This energy is stored in an energy storage device in order to use this energy when required, i.e. when a lock cylinder is actuated, to generate an electronically coded opening signal.

The object of the invention is to provide a key with a generator for generating an electronically coded opening signal, which key is highly reliable and requires little installation space.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a key having the features of claim 1 .

According to the invention, a key with a key bow and a key shank is provided for (mechanical) actuation of a lock cylinder, in particular for a mechatronic lock-key system, comprising key electronics that transmit a coded opening signal to a lock cylinder and a generator to supply the key electronics and/or locking cylinder electronics with electrical energy. It is essential that an energy store with at least one capacitor for storing the electrical energy generated by the generator is arranged downstream of the generator, or between the generator and the key electronics, and the generator charges the energy store and/or the at least one capacitor with a voltage that is at least twice or at least three times or at least four times, in particular a multiple of the supply voltage of the key electronics or the lock cylinder electronics.

It is advantageous that due to the higher voltage across the capacitor of the energy store, a disproportionately larger amount of energy can be stored than would be the case when charging with the supply voltage of the key electronics. The energy that can be stored in a capacitor is proportional to the square of the voltage. This means that with twice the voltage on the capacitor compared to the supply voltage of the key electronics, four times the amount of energy can be stored in the capacitor with the same capacity. Thus, with the same energy content, the capacitance of the capacitor can be dimensioned smaller than if the energy store were operated with the same voltage as the supply voltage of the key electronics. By using smaller capacitors, it is possible to build smaller because the volume of the capacitors increases with increasing capacitance.

A generator is preferably understood to mean a generator which converts mechanical energy or kinetic energy into electrical energy. In particular, directed movements or linear movements are converted into electrical energy by the generator.

In particular, actuation of the lock cylinder, in particular mechanical actuation of the lock cylinder, means rotation of the lock cylinder or the lock cylinder core by the key. To do this, the key shank is inserted into a key channel of the lock cylinder. The key shank transmits torque to the lock cylinder or to the lock cylinder core in order to rotate it, i.e. to actuate it. The lock cylinder is designed in particular as a so-called e-lock cylinder and has key electronics and an electronically switchable blocking element. The electronically switchable blocking element normally blocks actuation of the lock cylinder. Only after the key electronics or the locking cylinder has a correct or valid Has received an opening signal from the key or the key electronics, the electronically switchable blocking element is released and the lock cylinder can be actuated by turning the key.

In particular, the lock cylinder is intended for installation in a lock of a building door, for example a mortise lock with single locking or multiple locking. The lock cylinder can be designed as a lock cylinder according to a DIN standard or as a so-called Swiss lock cylinder or as a lock cylinder according to a Scandinavian standard. These locking cylinders differ in their external dimensions.

A lock cylinder is preferably understood to mean a mechatronic lock cylinder or a so-called e-lock cylinder. In addition to the mechanics of a lock cylinder, these have lock cylinder electronics in order to read and preferably evaluate an electronically coded opening signal. Only when there is a valid opening signal do the locking cylinder electronics enable the locking cylinder to be actuated.

Provision can preferably be made for mechanical coding to be attached to the key shank. This mechanical coding can be scanned by the key shank when it is inserted into the lock cylinder and used as a security feature in addition to the coded opening signal.

It can preferably be provided in alternative configurations that the key shank does not have a mechanical coding, but rather the Opening authorization is granted solely by the electronically coded opening signal.

In particular, a mechatronic lock-key system is understood to be a system which has a lock with a lock cylinder that can be inserted into the lock and a key. The term mechatronic indicates that the key is used for mechanical actuation by turning the lock cylinder. Furthermore, an electronically coded opening signal is transmitted or exchanged between the key and the lock cylinder in order to check whether the key is authorized to open.

An electronically coded opening signal is preferably understood to mean a signal which has a coding or encryption. The opening signal can be generated by the electronic key or is stored in the electronic key via parameterization or programming. The opening signal can then be encrypted, for example RSA-encrypted or DES-encrypted or AES-encrypted.

Different opening signals can be provided or generated in the key electronics. For example, group opening signals or individual opening signals or general opening signals can be provided. A single opening signal is authorized to operate a single locking cylinder. A group opening signal is authorized to operate several locking cylinders, i.e. a group of locking cylinders. A general opening signal can activate all locking cylinders in a locking system, similar to a master key.

The coded opening signal can be transmitted to a locking cylinder by wire. Alternatively or additionally, the coded opening signal can also be transmitted wirelessly. For example, the key electronics can have a wireless interface, preferably ZigBee or Bluetooth or an RFID interface.

In particular, it can be provided in an exemplary embodiment that the supply voltage of the key electronics is 3V and that the generator charges the at least one capacitor with a voltage of at least 6V or at least 9V or at least 12V or at least 15V.

The generator can charge the capacitor with a higher voltage. For this purpose, the generator can be designed in such a way that it supplies a voltage which is at least twice or at least three times or at least four times, in particular a multiple of the supply voltage of the key electronics or the lock cylinder electronics. Alternatively or in addition, it can have a step-up converter or a step-up converter or a SEPIC converter in order to generate a higher charging voltage for the capacitor from the voltage signal from the generator.

In order to achieve an energy-efficient supply of the key electronics, it can be provided in one embodiment that the energy store has a step-down converter or a step-down converter or a SEPIC converter, which generates the supply voltage for the key electronics from the high voltage of the at least one capacitor. Preferably, the step-down converter or the Buck converter or the SEPIC converter have an efficiency of at least 90%. By using a high-efficiency step-down converter, as much of the energy stored in the capacitor as possible is converted in order to operate the key electronics. In particular, a SEPIC converter can be used. The advantage of a SEPIC converter is that it can be operated both as a step-down converter and as a step-up converter and is highly efficient. In any case, the conversion losses of the buck or step-down converter are advantageously significantly lower than the gain in energy density that is gained by charging the capacitor with at least twice the supply voltage.

In one configuration, it can be provided that the energy store has two or three or four or more capacitors connected in parallel. The use of several capacitors connected in parallel increases the total capacity of the energy store. As a result, there is the possibility that a smaller capacitor with a somewhat lower capacitance is used for each capacitor, as a result of which the installation space can be further reduced. Furthermore, by connecting the capacitors in parallel, the parasitic resistance (ESR) can be reduced.

In particular, it can be provided that the at least one capacitor is designed as an electrolytic capacitor or as a tantalum capacitor. For example, the energy store or the capacitor or capacitors of the energy store can have a capacitance of at least 200 μF or 400 μF, or at least 1000 μF.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the energy store is decoupled from the generator by a diode in order to prevent electrical energy from flowing back to the generator. The diode prevents electrical energy from flowing back from the energy store into the generator. This prevents the generator from being operated as a motor and creates the possibility of storing the energy generated in the energy storage unit over the long term and making it available for the key electronics.

It can advantageously be provided that the generator is designed as an AC voltage generator and that the energy store has a rectifier circuit, preferably a diode bridge or Graetz bridge, in order to rectify the AC voltage of the generator and to charge the energy store. On the one hand, the energy store is decoupled from the generator via the diode bridge in order to prevent energy from flowing into the generator, and on the other hand the AC voltage signal from the generator is rectified in order to charge the energy store with direct current.

Provision can preferably be made for the energy store to have a step-up converter or a step-up converter or a SEPIC converter in order to increase the voltage of the generator for charging the energy store. The voltage of the generator can be increased via the step-up converter or step-up converter or SEPIC converter in order to charge the energy store or the capacitor with a higher voltage than that supplied by the generator. As a result, the generator can have a simpler mechanical design than when the generator is to be designed as a high-voltage generator.

In particular, it can be provided that the lock cylinder includes an electrically switchable blocking element for releasing or blocking a rotation of the lock cylinder and locking cylinder electronics that switch the blocking element, and the energy store supplies both the key electronics and the lock cylinder electronics and the blocking element with electrical energy when the key shaft is inserted into the lock cylinder . A separate power supply, in particular a mains-connected power supply, can thus be omitted for the lock cylinder.

It can preferably be provided that the electronic key system does not require or have any other power source apart from the generator.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the generator and the transmission element and the transmission device are designed together as a structural unit that can be inserted into the key bow, in particular that the transmission, the generator and the toothed rack are designed together as a structural unit that can be inserted into the key bow.

Furthermore, the key electronics can be designed as a structural unit or as a module. In particular, the key electronics can have a circuit board on which the components of the key electronics, preferably all components of the key electronics, are arranged.

In particular, a structural unit is understood to mean a modular configuration. This means that the generator and/or the key electronics are designed as a structural unit or a module and can be used as such in the key or in the key bow. This makes it easier to manufacture Key, since not the components of the assembly, ie the generator, the transmission element and the transmission device must be used separately and individually connected to each other.

It can advantageously be provided that the same step-down converter or the same downward converter or the same SEPIC converter supplies the key electronics and the lock cylinder electronics and the blocking element with electrical energy. This enables a structurally simple design, in that the same step-down converter is used to supply the key electronics and the lock cylinder electronics. In addition, the step-down converter can be optimized in terms of its performance and the efficiency of the step-down converter can thus be increased.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the electronic key has a real-time clock and the energy store has a second voltage output for supplying the real-time clock with electrical energy. Alternatively, the real-time clock can also be supplied via the voltage output for the key electronics. In particular, the real-time clock can have its own output for connecting an energy store, preferably a SuperCap or GoldCap.

The electronically coded opening signal can be provided with a time stamp via the real-time clock. The time stamp can be used as an additional security feature to check whether the coded opening signal is valid or not. For example, it can be provided that an electronically coded opening signal is only valid at a specific time of day or in a specific period of time. Outside this time it can be provided that the coded opening signal has no opening authorization. For example, it is possible to grant certain persons access only during normal business hours. Outside business hours, the people with the respective key are not authorized to enter a door.

Furthermore, the time signal from the real-time clock can be used to define a maximum period of validity for the coded opening signal. For example, it can be specified that a coded opening signal is only valid for a maximum period of 2 days or 4 days or one week. After this period of time, the authorization to open the coded opening signal automatically expires. This creates a further security criterion, since a lost key loses its opening authorization in this way after the specified period of time has elapsed. In order to permanently obtain the opening authorization, provision can be made for the key or the key electronics to be programmed or configured in order to extend the period of time.

Provision can advantageously be made for the second voltage output to have a lower leakage current than the voltage output for the key electronics. As a result, a second voltage supply circuit for supplying the real-time clock is created, so to speak, which has a very low leakage current in order to ensure that the real-time clock can be supplied with electrical energy from the energy store over a long period of time.

In particular, it can be provided that the second voltage output has a lower voltage than the voltage output for the key electronics having. As a result, the energy consumption for the real-time clock can be further reduced, so that the real-time clock can be supplied with electrical energy from the energy store for longer.

In one configuration, provision can be made for the second voltage output to be supplied with electrical energy from the at least one capacitor of the energy store via a second step-down converter or a second step-down converter or a second SEPIC converter.

In order to make it easy to operate, it can be provided that an optical display is provided on the bow of the key, preferably comprising an LED, with the optical display being supplied with electrical energy by the generator. Error messages or status messages, for example, can be displayed to a user by the optical display.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the generator is accommodated in the bow of the key. One advantage is that the arrangement of the generator in the key bow means that the key can be used universally for different locking cylinders, since the key has its own power supply.

In addition, it can be provided that the electronic key system is also accommodated in the bow of the key together with the energy store.

In particular, it can be provided that the generator is driven by a relative movement between the key shank and the key bow.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the generator is driven when the key shank is inserted into the key channel, in particular is driven in a rotary manner.

In a preferred embodiment it can be provided that the key shank is movably mounted on the key bow, in particular is mounted foldable or displaceable on the key bow and can be moved between a position in the key bow and a position protruding from the key bow.

In particular, the key shank can be mechanically fixed to the key bow, in particular immovably connected.

In particular, a movable component can be arranged on the key bow and/or the key shank, which interacts with the key shank when it is pushed into a lock cylinder and drives the generator in rotation.

Provision is preferably made for the movable component to come into contact with the lock cylinder when the key shank is pushed into a lock cylinder and to drive the generator when the key shank is pushed further into the lock cylinder.

The movable component can preferably be designed as a component that can be moved in a straight line or linearly. The movable component can be movably mounted on the key shank and/or the key bow.

In one embodiment, it can be provided that the movable component comes into contact with the lock cylinder when the key shank is pushed into a lock cylinder and drives the generator when the key shank is pushed further into the lock cylinder, in particular drives it in rotation.

Provision can preferably be made for the movable component to interact with a gear element in order to convert a linear movement of the movable component into a rotary movement for rotating the generator. One advantage is that pushing the key shank into the lock cylinder causes a continuous movement that causes the generator to rotate. Depending on the speed or strength with which the key is pushed into the keyway of a locking cylinder, the generator is set in continuous rotation. The quicker the key is inserted, the higher the rotation speed of the generator can be.

In particular, an overrunning clutch can be provided between the generator and the movable component. Preferably in such a way that the movable component only engages with the generator when the key is inserted into a locking channel of a lock cylinder, while the overrunning clutch separates the movable component when it is pulled out, so that the generator can only be driven in one direction of rotation. The overrunning clutch can be constructed in the same way as a bicycle freewheel. Ie as long as the movable Component is moved in the direction of the key bow, the movable component is in drive engagement with the generator. When the moving part slows down or stops towards the end of its travel, the overrunning clutch separates the connection between the moving part and the generator. As a result, the generator can continue to rotate even if the moving component is slowed down or is stationary. Furthermore, when the key is pulled out of the lock cylinder, the movable component can move in the opposite direction to the drive direction, without the rotation of the generator being adversely affected as a result.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the movable component is designed as a linearly movable component mounted on the key bow and/or the key shank, in particular as a slide, or as a plunger, or as a carriage.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that an electrical contact is arranged on the key shank in order to connect the key electronics to a lock cylinder electronics and that the generator is designed to supply a lock cylinder electronics with electrical energy via this contact.

The key shank is preferably designed to be electrically conductive and the electrical contact is designed to be insulated from the key shank. As a result, an electrical circuit having two poles can be set up, in which, for example, the key shank serves as ground and the electrical contact serves as the second pole. Thus, when the key is fully inserted into a lock cylinder, a circuit can be closed with the lock cylinder by means of the electrical contact. This makes it possible The electronics of the lock cylinder, i.e. the lock cylinder electronics, are to be supplied with electrical energy from the generator arranged in the key or from the energy store of the key. This completely eliminates the need for wiring the locking cylinder to the lock or through the door. One advantage is that there is no need for power supplies. This means that the resulting power consumption of the lock-key system is zero, meaning that no CO2 is released for operation, for example. Furthermore, no rechargeable battery or replaceable battery is required to supply the locking cylinder, so that no hazardous waste is produced when the lock-key system is operated.

In particular, it can be provided that the electrical contact is designed to establish a wired data connection between the key electronics and a lock cylinder electronics. In particular, the key electronics can exchange the opening signal with the lock cylinder electronics via this electrical contact. Thus, in addition to the power supply, the electrical contact can also be designed as a data interface, in particular a bidirectional data interface. For example, an encrypted, electronically coded opening signal can be exchanged between the lock cylinder electronics and the key electronics via this data interface. Common encryption mechanisms such as AES encryption or RSA encryption can be used for the encryption.

Advantageously, the electrical contact can be designed as a digital interface or as an interface, and the key electronics can be programmed and/or parameterized via this electrical contact. For example, the Keys are plugged into a programming device, the programming device via the electrical contact establishes a data connection to the key electronics to program and / or parameterize them.

In particular, it can be provided in one embodiment that the capacity of the energy store is greater than the electrical energy consumed by the key electronics during an opening process. The capacity of the energy store can preferably be at least 1.5 times or twice as large. Provision can also be made for the capacity of the energy store to be greater than the electrical energy consumed during an opening process by the key electronics and the lock cylinder electronics and the blocking element, preferably at least 1.5 times or twice as great.

The invention relates to a key according to the invention, which is suitable for a lock cylinder. However, a lock-key system according to the invention can also be provided, comprising at least one key according to the invention and a lock cylinder.

The key or lock-key system according to the invention can be used on locks for building doors. In other applications, however, the key-lock system can also be used for furniture doors or safe doors or even vehicle doors.

Fig. 1a-1c:

Schlüssel mit einem Schließzylinder in unterschiedlichen Bedienpositionen;

Fig. 2a:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit geöffneter Schlüsselreide;

Fig. 2b:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels gemäß Fig. 2a ohne Schlüsselelektronik;

Fig. 3a:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit Pleueltrieb;

Fig. 3b:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit Riementrieb;

Fig 3c:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit Spindeltrieb;

Fig. 4a-7b:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit einem Zahnstangentrieb;

Fig. 8:

ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit einem abgewandelten beweglichen Bauteil;

Fig. 9

eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels;

Fig 10:

eine weitere Explosionsdarstellung gemäß Fig. 9;

Fig. 11a:

eine 3D Darstellung des Generators und der Schlüsselelektronik;

Fig. 11b:

eine Seitendarstellung des Generators und der Schlüsselelektronik;

Fig. 12:

eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Schlüsselschaftes mit beweglich gelagertem Schlitten;

Fig. 13:

eine Vorderansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit geöffneter Schlüsselreide und Schlitten;

Fig. 14:

ein Querschnitt durch den Schlüsselschaft im Bereich des beweglich gelagerten Schlittens;

Fig. 15:

ein schematisches Schaltbild des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels mit einem Schließzylinder;

Fig. 16:

eine Schaltungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Schlüssels.

Further embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures and described below. show:

Figures 1a-1c:

Keys with a lock cylinder in different operating positions;

Figure 2a:

an embodiment of the key according to the invention with the key bow open;

Figure 2b:

an embodiment of the key according to the invention Figure 2a without key electronics;

Figure 3a:

an embodiment of the key according to the invention with connecting rod;

Figure 3b:

an embodiment of the key according to the invention with belt drive;

Figure 3c:

an embodiment of the key according to the invention with spindle drive;

Figures 4a-7b:

an embodiment of the key according to the invention with a rack and pinion;

Figure 8:

an alternative embodiment of the key according to the invention with a modified movable component;

9

an exploded view of an embodiment of the key according to the invention;

Figure 10:

another exploded view according to 9 ;

Figure 11a:

a 3D representation of the generator and the key electronics;

Figure 11b:

a side view of the generator and the key electronics;

Figure 12:

an enlarged view of the key shank with movably mounted slide;

Figure 13:

a front view of the key according to the invention with the key bow and slide open;

Figure 14:

a cross section through the key shank in the area of the movably mounted carriage;

Figure 15:

a schematic circuit diagram of the key according to the invention with a lock cylinder;

Figure 16:

a circuit variant of the key according to the invention.

Different exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures. These are to be understood as merely descriptive and not restrictive. Components with the same effect are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures. The person skilled in the art can use his or her craftsmanship to identify different features of the illustrated Embodiments may vary or be interchangeable without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

the Figures 1a, 1b and 1c show an embodiment of the invention. The key 1 according to the invention is shown together with a lock cylinder 11 in different operating positions.

In Figure 1a the key 1 and the lock cylinder 11 are shown separately, ie before the key 1 is inserted into the lock cylinder 11 . In the Figure 1b the key 1 is shown partially inserted into the keyway of the lock cylinder 11 . In the Figure 1c the key 1 is shown fully inserted into the keyway of the lock cylinder 1. In this in the Figure 1c shown position, it is possible to actuate the lock cylinder 11 with the key 1. When the key cylinder 11 is operated by the key 1, the key is rotated to operate the key cylinder 11 in an opening direction or, conversely, in a closing direction. When the lock cylinder 11 is actuated in the opening direction, if the lock cylinder 11 is inserted into a corresponding lock, for example a mortise lock of a building door, this is unlocked, i.e. the locking elements of the bolt lock, for example a lock bolt and/or a lock latch, are pulled back into the lock housing. Accordingly, when it is actuated in the locking direction, the lock is locked, ie the locking elements, for example the lock bolt and/or a latch bolt, are moved out of the lock housing into the locked position.

The key 1 has a key shank 3 and a key bow 2 connected to the key shank 3 . The key bow 2 is as Housing designed with a space for receiving components. A generator 9 is arranged inside the key bow 3 .

A movable component 4 is arranged on the key shank 3 and is drive-connected to a gear element 5 arranged in the key bow 2 . When the movable component 4 moves along the key shank 3 , the generator 9 is driven via the transmission element 5 to generate electrical energy. A transmission 6 or transmission device 6 acting between the transmission element 5 and the generator 9 is provided. A rotational movement can be translated via the transmission device 6 so that the generator 9 is driven at a correspondingly adapted speed.

In the in the Figures 1a to 1c In the exemplary embodiment shown, the movable component 4 is designed as a carriage 42 that is movably mounted on the key shank 3 . As in the Figures 1a to 1c shown, the carriage 42 comes into contact with the lock cylinder 11 when the key 1 is inserted into the lock cylinder and is displaced relative to the key shank as the key shank 3 is further inserted into the firing channel of the lock cylinder 11, thereby driving via the gear element 5 and the gear device 6 in generator 9. In this case, the generator 9 generates electrical energy in order to provide key electronics 7, shown for example in Figure 2a to supply with electrical energy.

The example in Figure 2a Key electronics 7 shown generates an electronically coded opening signal and transmits this via an electrical contact 32 arranged on the key shank to the lock cylinder 11 or to lock cylinder electronics 12 (shown in 15 ).

About the electrical contact 32 is in the 1c illustrated fully inserted position of the key, an electrical circuit between lock cylinder electronics 12 and key electronics 7 is closed. A coded opening signal and/or electrical energy can be exchanged between the key electronics 7 and the lock cylinder electronics 12 via this circuit. If a correct opening signal is present, a blocking element of the lock cylinder 11 is released by the lock cylinder electronics 12 so that it can be rotated by the key 1 or the key shank 3 .

The lock cylinder 11 is designed as a so-called electric cylinder. Ie it has a switchable blocking element 13 ( figure 15 ), which must be activated in order to enable rotation of the lock cylinder 11. For this purpose, a coded opening signal is generated by the key electronics 7 and transmitted to a locking cylinder electronics 12 . This coded opening signal is checked and only after confirmation of a correct opening authorization is the blocking element 13 released. This electronic coding enables a high security standard to be achieved.

In addition to checking the coded opening signal sent by the key electronics 7, the key electronics 7 can check the locking cylinder electronics 12 to determine whether the locking cylinder 11 is a system associated with the key 1. Only after the lock cylinder 11 has been validated by the key electronics 7 , so to speak, is a corresponding coded opening signal generated by the lock cylinder electronics 7 and transmitted to the lock cylinder 11 . In this way, safety can be significantly increased again.

In the Figure 2a the key 1 according to the invention is shown with the key bow 2 open. The key electronics 7 can be seen through the open housing of the key bow 2 . The generator 9 is arranged in a concealed manner behind or below the key electronics 7 .

The movable carriage 42 mounted on the key shank 3 is arranged on the key shank 3 and is connected to the gear element 5 arranged within the key bow 2 . The transmission element 5 is spatially arranged between the key electronics 7 and the generator 9 .

When the key 1 is inserted into a lock cylinder, the movable carriage 42 is moved from its front rest position or starting position, which is arranged in the region of the key shaft tip 35, along the key shaft in the direction of the key bow 2. As a result, the generator 9 is driven by means of a gear device 6 arranged between the movable gear element 5 and the generator 9 . The transmission device 6 serves to translate the longitudinal movement of the carriage 42 into a rotational movement for driving the generator 9 . At the same time, the transmission device 6 adjusts the required speed for the generator 9 .

Furthermore, a restoring spring 62 is arranged in the bow 2 of the key. The restoring spring 62 can be designed as a component of the transmission device 6 or can be designed as a separate restoring spring. In the example shown, the return spring 62 is designed as a torsion spring 62 and serves to pull the movable component 4 or the carriage 42 back into place when the key 1 is pulled out of a lock cylinder 11 its rest position, ie in the in the Figure 2a To spend position shown near the tip 35 of the key shank 3.

A locking pin 31 is arranged in the area of the key tip 35 . The locking pin 31 is spring-loaded laterally to the key shank 3 and is used for the locking cylinder according to the 1c position shown, so to keep in the fully retracted position, in particular to hold against the force of the return spring 62.

An energy store 81 is provided in order to use the electrical energy generated by the generator 9 efficiently. The energy store 81 is arranged together with the key electronics 7 on a circuit board. The energy store 81 has a number of capacitors. According to the presentation of Figure 2a includes the energy store 81 four capacitors 811, 812, 813 and 814. The capacitors 811, 812, 813 and 814 are designed as SMD tantalum capacitors.

The energy generated by the generator 9 is stored in the energy store 81 in order to supply the key electronics 7 and/or the lock cylinder electronics 12 . As a result, the energy generated by the generator 9 can then be used efficiently. In particular, the duration of the supply to the key electronics 7 and/or the lock cylinder electronics 12 can be extended since the electrical energy is still available via the energy store 81 when the generator 9 is no longer being driven.

In order to ensure electrical contact between generator 9 and key electronics 7 or energy store 81, two Spring pins 71 and 72 are provided. The spring pins 71 and 72 contact two conductive pads 731 and 732 in the Figure 2b are shown. When connecting the key electronics 7 or the circuit board 84 of the key electronics 7 to the generator 9, a circuit between the generator 9 and the key electronics 7 is automatically closed via the spring pins 71 and 72. i.e. no additional work step is required for the electrically conductive connection of generator 9 and key electronics 7 .

the Figure 2b shows the key 1 according to the Figure 2a , but here the electronic key 7 has been removed for the sake of clarity. How out Figure 2b As can be seen, the bow 2 of the key has an aperture 23 in the area of the transition to the shank 3 of the key. The cover serves to cover the opening of the key bow 2 arranged in the area of the key shank 3 .

Next are out Figure 2b two connection pins 741 and 742 can be seen. These two connection pins are used to connect the key electronics 7 to the key shank 3 in an electrically conductive manner. The first connection pin 741 connects the ground line of the key electronics 7 to the key shaft 3. The second connection pin 742 connects the key electronics to the electrical contact 32.

In the Figure 3a a variant of the key 1 according to the invention is shown. This key 1 is largely consistent with the versions described so far. The key 1 in turn comprises a key shank 3 which is connected to the key bow 2 . A generator 9 is arranged in the bow 2 of the key, which is driven by means of a transmission device 6 by the movable component 4 arranged on the key shank 3 or the movable carriage 42 . In the in Figure 3a shown embodiment, a connecting rod drive 53 is driven by the transmission element 5 . The connecting rod drive 53 has a connecting rod 531 which converts the linear movement of the gear element 5 into a rotational movement on the pinion 61 for driving the generator 9 .

the Figure 3b 1 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the key 1 according to the invention. This key 1 also has a key shank 3 in accordance with the exemplary embodiments described above, as well as a key bow 2 connected to it. In turn, a generator 9 is arranged in the key bow 2 . A belt drive 42 for driving the generator 9 is driven by means of the movable transmission element 5 via the movable component 4 or the movable carriage 42 . The belt drive 52 has a first deflection roller 523 and a second deflection roller 524 . A drive belt 521 is guided around the two deflection rollers and drives a pinion 61, via which a gear device 6 and the generator 9 are driven. The circulating drive belt 521 is connected to the transmission element 5 by means of a belt shoe 522 . When the carriage 42, which is movably mounted on the key shank 3, moves, the belt 521 is displaced and thereby drives the pinion 61 in rotation. This rotational movement is translated by the gear device 6 to drive the generator 9 to generate electrical energy.

In the 3c another exemplary embodiment of the key 1 according to the invention is shown. In contrast to the previously described configurations, the movable gear element 5 here drives a spindle drive 51. This includes a spindle nut 511 guided on a spindle 512. The spindle nut 511 is connected to the movable gear element 5 and is driven by this or by the carriage 42 driven along spindle 512. In the process, the spindle 512 is caused to rotate about its longitudinal axis. These rotations are translated into the plane of rotation of the gear device 6 or the generator 9 by means of an angular gear 513 and transmitted to it.

In the Figures 4a to 7b another exemplary embodiment of the key 1 according to the invention is shown. In this exemplary embodiment, a rack and pinion drive 54 is driven by the movable component, which is designed here as a rack 55 . For this purpose, the toothed rack 55 meshes with a pinion 61 of the transmission device 6 in order to convert the linear movement of the carriage 42 into a rotational movement for the generator 9 .

In Figure 4a an overrunning clutch 63 can be seen, which is arranged between the transmission device 6 and the generator 9 . The overrunning clutch 63 serves to decouple the carriage 42 or the movable component 4 from the generator 9 at the end of the drive movement. The overrunning clutch 63 works according to the principle of a bicycle freewheel. This makes it possible for the carriage 42 to be uncoupled from the generator 9 as soon as the carriage 42 comes to a halt at the end of the drive movement or is returned to its starting position near the key shank tip 35 by the return spring.

The overrunning clutch 63 is provided in all exemplary embodiments of the key 1 according to the invention. In the preceding exemplary embodiments, however, the one-way clutch 63 is not drawn in or labeled for the sake of clarity.

the Figure 4b is a detailed representation in the area of the rack and pinion drive 54. It can be seen here how the rack 55 meshes with the pinion 61.

In the Figure 5a and 5b the key 1 according to the invention is shown in the side position in the starting position. The movable carriage 42 is in its front position in the area of the tip 35 of the key. The carriage 42 is directly connected to the gear element 5 or the toothed rack 55 . As can be seen from the enlarged detail view in Figure 5b As can be seen, the toothed rack 55 meshes with the pinion 61 of the transmission device 6 and, by means of a further pinion 61a, transmits the rotational movement to the generator 9 in order to generate electrical energy.

the Figures 6a and 6b Fig. 1 shows the corresponding key 1 fully inserted into a lock cylinder, but without a lock cylinder. It can be seen here that the carriage 42 or the toothed rack 55 are arranged in the rear stop position close to the bow 2 of the key. In this position, the shifting of the toothed rack 55 transmitted a rotational movement to the generator 9, causing it to rotate and generate electrical energy. the Figures 7a and 7b shows the corresponding position according to the Figures 6a and 6b in side view.

In 8 another exemplary embodiment of the key 1 according to the invention is shown. This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment of FIG Figures 1a to 2b . In contrast to this key, however, the movable component 4 on the key shank 3 is designed here as a plunger 41 projecting from the key bow parallel to the key shank. The plunger 41 is on the panel 23 of Key bow 2 mounted linearly movable. Analogous to the carriage 42, the plunger 41 comes into contact with a lock cylinder 11 when the plunger shank 3 is inserted and is pushed along the key shank 3 in the direction of the key bow 2 in order to generate via the movable gear element 5 or the generator 9 powered by electrical energy.

In the 9 an exploded view of the key 1 according to the invention is shown. This key 1 largely corresponds to that in the Figures 1a to 2b illustrated embodiments. The exploded view shows that the bow 2 has two housing halves 21 , 22 . A first housing half 21 and a second housing half 22.

The electronic key system 7 is arranged in the first housing half 21 . The key electronics 7 has a circuit board 84 which is fixed in the first half of the housing. The generator 9 is arranged in the second housing half 22 . The key shank 3 engages between the two housing halves 21 and 22 and is connected to the key bow 2 or to the two housing halves 21 and 22 by means of screws.

The cover 23 serves to cover the opening on the key bow 2 in the area of the key shank 3 . The bezel 23 is pushed onto the key shank 3 from the front and, once the two housing halves 21 and 22 have been attached to one another, it automatically stops on the key bow 2.

The carriage 42 is shown in the removed position on the key shank 3 . The key shank 3 has an insertion area 34 in the area of the key bow 2 . In this area, the material thickness of the key shank 3 is tapered, so that the carriage 42 in this area the key shank 3 can be placed or removed from the key shank 3.

In the 10 1 shows another exploded view of the key 1 according to the invention, this time seen from behind. It can be clearly seen here that both the key electronics 7 and the generator 9 are each designed as a structural unit.

The key electronics 7 has a circuit board 84 as a supporting element. Both the components of the key electronics 7 and the components of the energy store 81 are arranged on the circuit board 84 . The key electronics 7 is assigned to the housing half 21 as a structural unit. Opposite the generator 9 is designed as a structural unit. The generator 9 includes the transmission device 6 and the return spring 62 and the overrunning clutch 63. For the sake of clarity in FIG 10 these components of the generator are not shown or labeled individually. The generator 9 is also designed as an assembly and assigned to the second housing half 22 of the key bow 2 .

During production of the key 1 according to the invention, the key electronics 7 are placed in the first housing half 21 as a structural unit. In particular, the housing half 21 has registration marks that are complementary to registration marks arranged on the key electronics 7 or the circuit board 84, so that the key electronics 7 or circuit board 84 can only be inserted in the housing half 21 in a predetermined position. The key electronics 7 are then connected to the key shank 3 . The key electronics 7 are conductively connected to the key shank 3 and the electrical contact 32 . This is done through the first Connection pin 741 and the second connection pin 742. These can be designed as a wire connection, for example, and can be connected to the circuit board 84 of the key electronics 7 by means of an electrically conductive adhesive or by means of ultrasonic welding or soldering.

Furthermore, the generator 9 is assigned as a structural unit to the second housing half 22 of the key bow. Here, too, complementary registration marks can be provided on the generator and the second housing half 22 in order to define the alignment of the generator 9 with respect to the second housing half 22 . When connecting the two housing halves 21 and 22, the generator 9 contacts the key electronics 7 automatically via the two spring-loaded pins 71 and 72, which are in the Figure 11a are shown.

From the Figure 11b the space-saving, staggered design of the two connected structural units of the generator 9 and the key electronics 7 can be seen. The electronic key system 7 is arranged on the circuit board 84 together with the energy store 81 . The energy store 81 has four capacitors 811, 812, 813 and 814. The capacitors 811, 812, 813 and 814 are relatively bulky components. Furthermore, the generator 9 has the transmission device 6 and the restoring spring 62 protruding from the generator 9 . In order to save space, the capacitors of the energy store 81 are arranged on the circuit board 84 in such a way that they engage in the free spaces left by the generator 9 and thus keep the overall height and thus the thickness of the key bow 2 as small as possible. As a result, the space between key electronics 7 and generator 9 is optimally utilized.

In the 12 an enlarged representation of the key shank 3 with the carriage 42 movably mounted thereon is shown. The carriage 42 has a carriage shoe 421 and a carriage arm 43 projecting from the carriage shoe 421 . The carriage shoe 421 is integral with the carriage arm 43 .

At the end of the carriage arm 43, a clutch 45 is provided. This coupling serves to connect the carriage or carriage arm 43 to the movable gear element 5 . For this purpose, the coupling 45 has a pin 46 which is arranged on the gear arm 5 and which interacts with a receiving device 47 arranged at the end of the carriage arm 43 . The coupling is designed as a snap-in coupling and enables the connection between the carriage 42 and the movable gear element 5 even when the key bow 2 is closed. This is done by inserting the carriage arm 43 through the panel 23 and placing the carriage shoe 421 on the key shank 3 in the insertion area 34 . The carriage shoe 421 can then be moved on the key shank 3 in the direction of the tip of the key, i.e. forwards. The carriage shoe 421 is guided onto a carriage guide 33 or threaded into it. At the front end, the carriage guide 33 has a stop 335 which prevents the carriage 42 or the carriage shoe 421 from being able to be pushed forward beyond the key shank 3 by the return spring.

To connect the carriage 42 to the transmission element 5, the carriage 42 is inserted backwards into the housing of the key bow 2, starting from the front position on the key shank 3. The movable gear element 5 is automatically in the correct position in the housing of the key bow 2 positioned relative to the carriage arm 43 . When the carriage 42 is moved back into the housing of the key bow 2, the receiving device 47 comes into contact with the pin 46 of the coupling 45. The receiving device 47 has two spring-loaded tabs, such that when the carriage 42 is pressed further in the direction of the movable gear element 5 the coupling device 45 snaps into place in that the two tabs or the receiving device 47 engages around the pin 46 in a form-fitting manner and holds it in place. As a result, the carriage 42 is connected to the movable gear element 5 by the coupling device 45 without the housing of the key bow 2 having to be open for this purpose. This enables the key 1 to be assembled quickly and advantageously.

In the 13 an embodiment of the key according to the invention is shown with the first housing half 21 removed. In the 13 the key shank 3 can be seen from the front. It is clear here that the carriage 42 is tapered with its carriage shoe 421 or carriage arm 43 . This means that the flanks of the carriage shoe 421 or the carriage arm 43 taper towards the edge of the key shank 3 or tend towards one another. On the one hand, this reduces the risk of a finger getting caught in the area between the movable element 4 or the carriage 42 and the key bow 2 or the cover 23 . In addition, an aesthetic appearance is achieved.

In the 14 a section through the key shank 3 in the area of the slide shoe 421 is shown. The slider shoe 421 is guided by the slider guide 33 . This has two opposite grooves 333 and 334 . The slide shoe 421 surrounds the slide guide 33 from the edge of the key shank 3 on both sides and is in the undercut Grooves 333 and 334 out positively. In the grooves 333, 334 the carriage shoe 421 is guided both up and down in the vertical axis and laterally. For this purpose, the slide shoe 421 encompasses the slide guide 33 on both sides and engages with its ends in the undercut grooves 333, 334 in a form-fitting manner. Furthermore, the slider guide 33 has surfaces with a first flank 331 and a second flank 332 on its opposite sides. These flanks taper towards the edge of the key shank 3, ie run to a point. The slider shoe 421 is designed to complement the tapered flanks 331 and 332 . the 15 shows a schematic circuit diagram of the key 1 according to the invention. The components of the key 1 are shown in the rectangle labeled 1 with a dashed border. These include the generator 9, the key electronics 7 and an energy store 81 connected between the generator 9 and the key electronics 7.

The energy store 81 has a rectifier 82 . The rectifier 82 can be in the form of a diode bridge or Graetz rectifier in order to rectify an AC voltage signal supplied by the generator 9 . At the same time, the rectifier 82 creates a decoupling between the energy store 81 and the generator 9. That is to say, the rectifier 82 suppresses reverse currents between the energy store 81 and the generator 9. The energy store 81 also includes a storage element, which is referred to here as a capacitor 811 . This can be designed as a single capacitor 811 or as a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel. The electrical energy generated by the generator 9 is stored in the capacitor 811 .

In order to be able to store as much electrical energy as possible in a reasonable installation space, it is provided that the generator 9 supplies and stores a significantly higher voltage in the capacitor 811 or 811 to 814 than is required to supply the key electronics 7 . Via a downward converter or step-down converter 83 or SEPIC converter 83, the high voltage of the energy store 81 or 811 is reduced to a supply voltage that is sufficient or provided for the electronic key system 7. For example, the generator can supply a voltage in the range between 12V and 20V. The key electronics 7 can be supplied with a voltage in the range between 1.5V and 4V.

The electronic key 7 has a voltage monitor. For this purpose, the electronic key 7 is connected to the input of the step-down converter 83 via a voltage divider with the resistors R1 and R2. The key electronics 7 can measure the voltage upstream of the step-down converter 83 or at the output of the energy store 811 via this voltage divider.

By storing electrical energy in a capacitor, the voltage is a measure of the amount of energy stored. In this way, the key electronics 7 can determine whether the electrical energy stored in the energy store 81 is sufficient to generate a coded opening signal or to release the blocking element 13 of the lock cylinder 11 . If the electronic key system 7 determines by measuring the voltage that the voltage is sufficient, it can send a coded opening signal in order to release the blocking element 13 and to actuate the lock cylinder 11 . If the electronic key system 7 determines that the amount of energy stored or the voltage is too low, it does not send an opening signal to generate. In this case, for example, the key electronics 7 can activate a visual and/or acoustic display in order to indicate an error.

A user can then remove the key 1 from the lock cylinder and reinsert it, thereby increasing the amount of electrical energy generated by the generator 9 and enabling the opening process.

Furthermore, the energy store 82 has a second voltage output with a second step-down converter or step-down converter 87 . A supercapacitor 86 or a GoldCap 86 for supplying a real-time clock 85 with electrical energy is supplied via this.

The voltage of the supercapacitor 86 is also below the voltage of the energy store 81 or of the capacitor 811. The step-down converter 87 charges the supercapacitor 86 from the energy store 81 with a high degree of efficiency, preferably greater than 90%, in particular greater than 95% up.

Alternatively, the second voltage output can also be supplied by means of the first step-down converter 83 . For this purpose, the first step-down converter 83 can be switched over accordingly, for example.

the 16 shows a variant of the schematic circuit diagram of figure 15 . Consistent with the representation in figure 15 the key 1 includes the generator 9, the key electronics 7 and an energy store 81 connected between the generator 9 and the key electronics 7 and a rectifier 82. The energy store 81 comprises several components and is designed as a dashed rectangle shown. The energy store 81 includes the rectifier 82, capacitors 811 and the step-down converter 83.

Matching with figure 15 the rectifier 82 can be designed as a diode bridge or Graetz rectifier in order to rectify an AC voltage signal supplied by the generator 9 . At the same time, the rectifier 82 creates a decoupling between the energy store 81 and the generator 9. That is to say, the rectifier 82 suppresses reverse currents between the energy store 81 and the generator 9. The energy store 81 also includes a storage element, which is referred to here as a capacitor 811 . This can be designed as a single capacitor 811 or as a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel. The electrical energy generated by the generator 9 is stored in the capacitor 811 .

In contrast to the representation in figure 15 the real-time clock 85 is supplied with electrical energy via the first step-down converter 83 . The real-time clock has integrated charging electronics, which can include a second step-down converter (not shown) and to which a SuperCap 86 is connected. The real-time clock 85 is supplied with electrical energy via the SuperCap 86 .

Consistent with the representation in figure 15 the real-time clock or the SuperCap 86 is supplied by the electrical energy generated by the generator 9 or by the energy stored in the energy store 81 . The real-time clock is supplied with electrical energy via the SuperCap 86, even if the first step-down converter 83 or the energy store 81 is not supplying any electrical energy.

With the variants in figure 15 and figure 16 a time signal can be transmitted via the real-time clock 85 to the key electronics 7 in order to evaluate it, or to send it to the lock cylinder 11 or the lock cylinder electronics 12 . This time signal can be transmitted to the lock cylinder electronics 12 in addition to or together with the opening signal. Alternatively, the key electronics 7 can take the time signal into account when generating the coded opening signal. For example, to either generate a coded opening signal depending on the time, or not to generate it. Or to generate either a valid coded opening signal depending on time, or to generate a blocked coded opening signal

Using this time signal, it is possible to validate or block the coded opening signal depending on the time. For example, it can be determined that a valid opening signal is only generated at certain times of the day, for example between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., in order to grant certain groups of people access to a building only at these times.

Alternatively, the validity period of an opening authorization can also be set to a specific period of time via the time signal. For example, the validity of an opening signal can be set to 3 days or 7 days or 2 weeks. This means that a valid opening signal can only be generated with the corresponding key within this period of time. After this period of time has elapsed, the key 1 or the key electronics 7 can no longer generate a valid opening signal and must first be re-parameterized or retrained in order to extend the opening authorization. This can increase the security of the Key 1 can be further increased, since lost keys, for example, automatically lose their validity.

The key electronics 7 are connected via the electrical contact 32 to the lock cylinder 11 or to the lock cylinder electronics 12 arranged in the lock cylinder 11 and the blocking element 13 . Via the electrical contact 32, the lock cylinder electronics and the switchable blocking element 13 can also be supplied with electrical energy from the energy store 81 or from the generator 9. A separate power supply for the lock cylinder 11 can thus be dispensed with.

Furthermore, it is provided that the electrical contact 32 is designed to transmit electrical energy and electrical information. The electrical contact 32 is advantageously designed as a digital interface, in particular as a bidirectional serial interface. This makes it possible for the key 1 to be plugged into a programming adapter, a table station or a wall station, for example, and to be programmed or parameterized by the latter via the electrical contact 32 . For example, the real-time clock 85 can be set or the coding of the key electronics 7 can be set and/or programmed. The programming adapter and the electrical contact 32 can also be used to parameterize or define the period of validity of an opening signal. For example, the validity period of an opening signal can be set and/or changed depending on the time of day via the programming adapter, or the period of time during which a valid opening signal is generated by the electronic key system 7 can be defined or refreshed or extended.

It is thus possible to ensure a high level of security with the key 1 according to the invention without batteries being required or having to be replaced or without complex wiring being required on a door on which a corresponding locking cylinder 11 is used. On the one hand, this reduces the power consumption of the system, since there is no need for a power supply unit, and on the other hand, no batteries are required, so that no hazardous waste in the form of batteries, which is harmful to the environment, is produced when operating a corresponding key-lock cylinder system.

reference list

1

key

11

lock cylinder

12

lock cylinder electronics

13

locking member

2

key bow

21

first half of the case

22

second half of the case

23

cover

3

key shaft

31

locking pin

32

electric contact

33

carriage guidance

331

first flank

332

second flank

333

first groove

334

second groove

335

attack

34

deployment area

35

key tip

4

moving component

41

pestle

42

Sleds

421

sled shoe

431

first face

432

second surface

43

slide arm

45

coupling

46

cones

47

recording facility

5

gear element

51

spindle drive

511

spindle nut

512

spindle

513

bevel gear

52

belt drive

521

drive belt

522

strap shoe

523

first pulley

524

second pulley

53

connecting rod drive

531

connecting rod

54

rack and pinion drive

55

rack

6

gear device

61

first sprocket

61a

second sprocket

62

return spring

63

overrunning clutch

7

key electronics

71

first spring pin

72

second spring pin

731

first contact surface

732

second contact surface

741

first connection

742

second connection

81

energy storage

811

first capacitor

812

second condenser

813

third capacitor

814

fourth capacitor

82

rectifier

83

first step down converter / buck converter

84

circuit board

85

real time clock

86

SuperCap

87

second step-down converter / buck converter

9

generator

Claims (15)

Key with a key bow (2) and a key shank (3) for actuating a lock cylinder (11), in particular for a mechatronic lock-key system, comprising key electronics (7) which transmits a coded opening signal to a lock cylinder (11) and a generator (9) for supplying the key electronics (7) with electrical energy, characterized, that after the generator, or between the generator (9) and key electronics (7), an energy store (81) with at least one capacitor (811) for storing the electrical energy generated by the generator (9) is arranged and the generator (9) the Energy store (81) and/or the at least one capacitor (811) charges with a voltage that is at least twice or at least three times or at least four times, in particular a multiple, of the supply voltage of the key electronics (7). key according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the supply voltage of the key electronics is 3V and that the generator (9) charges the at least one capacitor (811) with a voltage of at least 6V or at least 9V or at least 12V or at least 15V. Key according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the energy store (81) has a step-down converter (83) or a step-down converter or a SEPIC converter, which preferably generates the supply voltage of the key electronics (7) from the high voltage of the at least one capacitor (811), that the step-down converter (83) or the buck converter or the SEPIC converter has an efficiency of at least 90%. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the energy store (81) has two or three or four capacitors (811, 812, 813, 814) connected in parallel, and/or that the at least one capacitor (811) is designed as an electrolytic capacitor or as a tantalum capacitor, with preferably is provided, that the energy store (81) has a capacity of at least 200 μF or 400 μF, or at least 1000 μF. Key according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the energy store (81) is decoupled from the generator (9) by a diode, in particular to reduce reverse currents, preferably that the generator (9) is designed as an AC voltage generator and that the energy store (81) is a rectifier circuit, preferably a diode bridge or Graetz -Bridge having to rectify the AC voltage of the generator (9) and to load the energy store (81). Key according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the energy store (81) has a step-up converter or a step-up converter or a SEPIC converter in order to increase the voltage of the generator (9) for charging the energy store. Key according to one of the preceding claims, in particular lock-key system comprising a lock cylinder (11) and at least one key (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the lock cylinder (11) comprises an electrically switchable blocking element (13) for releasing or blocking rotation of the lock cylinder (11) as well as locking cylinder electronics (12) switching the blocking element and the energy store (81) of the key when it is inserted in the lock cylinder (11). Key shank (3) both the key electronics (7) and the lock cylinder electronics (12), and preferably the locking member (13), supplied with electrical energy. Key according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the same step-down converter or the same step-down converter or the same SEPIC converter supplies the key electronics (7) and the lock cylinder electronics (12) and the blocking element (13) with electrical energy. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the electronic key (7) has a real-time clock (85) and the energy store (81) has a second voltage output for supplying the real-time clock (85) with electrical energy, and the second voltage output preferably has a lower leakage current than the voltage output for the electronic key (7). , especially, that the second voltage output has a lower voltage than the voltage output for the key electronics (7), preferably, that the second voltage output is supplied with electrical energy from the at least one capacitor (811) of the energy store (81) via a second step-down converter or a second step-down converter or a second SEPIC converter. Key according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that an optical display is provided on the key bow (2), preferably comprising an LED, the optical display being supplied with electrical energy by the generator (9). Key according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the generator (9) is accommodated in the key bow (2). Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the generator (9) is driven by a relative movement between the key shank (3) and the key bow (2), it being preferably provided that that either the key shank (3) is movably mounted on the key bow (2), in particular on the key bow (2) in a foldable or displaceable manner and can be moved between a position in the key bow (2) and a position protruding from the key bow (2). is, or that the key shank (3) is mechanically fixed to the key bow (2), in particular immovably connected. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the generator (9) is driven when the key shank (3) is inserted into the key channel of a lock cylinder (11), in particular is driven in a rotary manner, in particular, that on the key bow (2) and / or the key shank (3) a movable component (4) is arranged, which when inserting the key shank (3) in a lock cylinder (11) interacts with this and drives the generator (9) in rotation, it being preferably provided that the movable component (4) comes into contact with the lock cylinder (11) when the key shank (3) is pushed into a lock cylinder (11) and drives the generator (9) when the key shank (3) is pushed further into the lock cylinder (11). , in particular by the movable component (4) interacting with a gear element (5) in order to convert a linear movement of the movable component (4) into a rotary movement for driving the generator (9) in rotation. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that an electrical contact (32) is arranged on the key shank (3) in order to connect the key electronics (7) to a locking cylinder electronics (12) and that the generator (9) for supplying a locking cylinder electronics (12) via this contact (32) is designed with electrical energy, it being preferably provided that that the key electronics (7) exchanges the opening signal with the lock cylinder electronics via this electrical contact (32), and/or that the electrical contact (32) is designed as a digital interface or as a bidirectional interface, and that the key electronics (7) can be programmed and/or parameterized via this electrical contact (32). Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the capacity of the energy store (81) is greater than the electrical energy consumed by the key electronics (7) during an opening process, preferably at least 1.5 times as large or twice as large, or that the capacity of the energy store (81) is greater than the electrical energy consumed during an opening process by the key electronics (7) and the locking cylinder electronics (12) and the blocking element (13), preferably at least 1.5 times or twice as large.

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