EP4085515A1

EP4085515A1 - Electrical winding for an active part of a rotating electric machine

Info

Publication number: EP4085515A1
Application number: EP20821035.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jean Duquesne; Vincent Ramet; Olivier Luittre; Stéphane DE CLERCQ; Humberto TELES DE MENEZES
Original assignee: Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Current assignee: Valeo Electrification
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2020-12-14
Publication date: 2022-11-09
Also published as: FR3105891B1; CN217824479U; FR3105891A1; WO2021136648A1

Abstract

The present invention proposes an electrical winding for a wound part of a rotating electric machine (10), the wound part comprising a body (21) having a yoke (27) and a plurality of teeth (28) extending from a lateral face of the yoke in a radial direction so as to define slots (22), said slots being open on a first axial end face (29a) and on a second axial end face (29b) of the body. The winding comprises at least a first group of conductive pins (30) and a second group of conductive pins (31). Said conductive pins (30, 31) are electrically connected to one another, each pin comprising two conductive segments (30A, 30B, 31A, 31B) intended to be arranged in two separate slots so as to form N layers (Ci). The winding (24) has an odd number of conductive segments intended to be arranged in one and the same slot.

Description

Title of the invention: Electric winding for active part of a rotating electric machine

[0001] The invention relates in particular to an electrical winding for an active part such as a stator or a rotor of a rotating electrical machine. The invention relates more particularly to an electrical winding made from conductive pins.

[0002] The invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of rotating electrical machines such as alternators, alternator-starters or even reversible machines or electric motors. It is recalled that a reversible machine is a rotating electric machine capable of working in a reversible manner, on the one hand, as an electric generator in alternator function and, on the other hand, as an electric motor for example to start the thermal engine of the vehicle such as than a motor vehicle.

[0003] A rotating electrical machine comprises a movable rotor rotating about an axis and a fixed stator. In alternator mode, when the rotor is rotating, it induces a magnetic field in the stator which transforms it into electric current to supply the electrical consumers of the vehicle and to recharge the battery. In motor mode, the stator is electrically supplied and induces a magnetic field driving the rotor in rotation, for example to start the heat engine.

[0004] The stator comprises a body having a yoke forming a part of revolution about an axis passing through the center of the stator. The body has teeth extending radially from the cylinder head towards the center of the stator and around which an electrical coil is disposed. More particularly, the teeth define between them notches in which pass conductive elements participating in forming the winding of the stator.

The coil is formed of a plurality of conductive pins partially housed in the notches of the body and electrically connected in pairs via their ends to form a continuous electrical path. For example, each pin comprises two conductive segments that are substantially parallel to each other and connected together by a connecting end forming a bent junction so as to form a “U”. The conductive segments are inserted at the level of a first axial end face of the stator, in two distinct notches, so that the conductive segments are substantially parallel to the axis of revolution of the stator. The same notch can accommodate several segments belonging to separate pins thus forming different layers of conductive segment. The bent junctions of the pins protrude at the level of the first axial end face of the stator.

Connection ends of the conductive segments, projecting from a second axial end face of the stator, are then connected together so as to connect different pins together and form electrical paths generating magnetic fields along the teeth of the body when they are traversed by an electric current. In other words, the conductive pins are connected in pairs so as to form different electrical paths, each corresponding to an electrical supply phase. For example, the stator has three separate assemblies to allow a three-phase current supply to the winding.

[0007] Conventionally, each notch comprises an even number of electrical conductor and in particular two, four or six conductive segments. These different winding possibilities make it possible to meet several ranges of stator by making various compromises, in particular between the power or the torque required, the losses and the dimensions. However, some applications require greater flexibility or a more precise compromise that is not possible to achieve using conventional winding without.

[0008] The present invention aims to make it possible to avoid the drawbacks of the prior art. In particular, the invention aims to provide greater flexibility in the parameters making it possible to achieve an electrical winding while approaching as closely as possible the performance or dimensions desired in the various applications.

To this end, the present invention therefore relates to an electrical winding for a coiled part, formed in particular of a stator or a rotor, of a rotating electrical machine, the coiled part comprising a body having an annular yoke around of an axis and a plurality of teeth extending from a lateral face of the cylinder head in a radial direction so as to define notches, said notches being open on a first axial end face and on a second face axial end of the body. According to the invention, the coil comprises at least a first group of conductive pins and a second group of pins conductive, said conductive pins being electrically connected to each other, each pin comprising two conductive segments intended to be arranged in two distinct notches so as to form N layers and connected to each other by a connecting end comprising at least one arm. Still according to the invention, the coil has an odd number of conductive segments intended to be arranged in the same notch.

In other words, each notch accommodates only an odd number of conductive segments. For example, the odd number is equal to three or five or seven or nine or eleven.

[0011] It has been found that an electrical coil comprising conductive segments in each notch made it possible to broaden the possibilities of applications of rotating electrical machines by making it possible in particular to achieve the desired performance or dimensions without degrading another parameter. For example, a coil comprising k conductor segments, k being an odd integer greater than 2, makes it possible to obtain intermediate levels of parameters between windings comprising k-1 conductor segments and k + 1 conductor segments, in particular for the following parameters : voltage and current ratios, the length of electrical conductor forming the phase and therefore the phase resistance, external diameter of the winding, dimensions of the sections of the conductive pins, filling rate. It has also been found, contrary to popular belief in this field of the electrical winding of a rotating electrical machine, that such an electrical winding does not cause insurmountable difficulties in its realization.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the conductive segments of the first group of conductive pins are intended to be arranged in the same layer along the circumference of the coil.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the layer in which the conductive segments of the first group of conductive pins are intended to be arranged is an edge layer, in particular radially outer. The term “border layer” is understood to mean a layer which forms a radial end of the coil.

According to one embodiment, the layer in which the conductive segments of the first group of conductive pins are intended to be arranged is a layer central. The term “central layer” is understood to mean a layer which is surrounded at each of its radial ends by at least one other layer.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the conductive segments of the second group of conductive pins are intended to be arranged in two separate layers along the circumference of the coil.

[0016] According to one embodiment, said two distinct layers are radially adjacent or spaced from one another by an intermediate layer.

According to one embodiment, the shape of the conductive pins of the first group is different from the shape of the conductive pins of the second group. For example, the conductive pins of the first group have an identical shape with respect to each other.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the connecting end of each conductive pin is formed of two arms and a distal portion, each of the two arms forming a connection between the distal portion and one of the respective conductive segments of the pin.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the distal portion forms an angled junction so that the conductive segments, the arms and the distal portion of the pin are made from one material together. Alternatively, the distal portion may be formed by two free ends of the arms connected together so that each pin is formed of two parts attached together, each part comprising a conductive segment and an arm made from one material with the other.

According to one embodiment, at least one conductive pin of the first or of the second group has an offset portion arranged between one of the conductive segments, extending in a first plane parallel to the axis, and an arm of the end connection, associated with said conductive segment and extending in a second plane parallel to the axis, so that said first and second planes are radially offset with respect to each other. The arm associated with the conductive segment being in particular the arm adjacent to said segment. This offset portion simplifies the insertion of the pins into the body.

According to one embodiment, the conductive segments adjacent to the offset portions are intended to be arranged is an edge layer of the coil. This makes it possible to simplify the tooling making it possible to make the connections between the pins. According to one embodiment, at least one conductive pin of the first or of the second group has another offset portion arranged between one of the conductive segments, extending in a first plane parallel to the axis, and a connection end, associated with said conductive segment and extending in a second plane parallel to the axis, so that said first and second planes are radially offset from one another. The connection end associated with the conductive segment being in particular the end adjacent to said segment. This offset portion makes it possible to simplify the connection between the pins.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the first group of conductive pins comprises at least half as many conductive pins as the second group of conductive pins.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the first group of pins is arranged along the circumference of the coil, so as to include a succession of sub-groups alternately comprising one or more conductive pins. For example, the subgroups are spaced from each other on the circumference of the electrical winding at a spacing greater than the spacing between two consecutive pins of the first group.

According to one embodiment, each conductive pin comprises two connection ends each extending one of the conductive segments axially opposite the connection end, the connection ends of the conductive pins of the first group and the connection ends of the pins conductors of the second group are arranged, along the circumference of the coil, so as to create an alternation between a first set and a second set, said first set comprising fewer connection ends than the second set.

[0026] According to one embodiment, each assembly comprises at least two connection ends electrically connected to each other so as to form a connection portion.

[0027] According to one embodiment, one of the layers has some of the connection ends extending circumferentially in a first direction and the others of the connection ends extending circumferentially in a second direction opposite to said first direction. According to one embodiment, the first group of conductive pins forms an electrical coil of the coil and the second group of conductive pins forms at least two electrical coils of said coil. For example, the electric coils can be connected in series and / or in parallel with one another so as to form an electrical phase of the coil.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the coil comprises several phases electrically connected to one another so as to form a star coupling or a delta coupling.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the electrical winding also includes power pins forming a phase input or output. The first group of pins and the second group of pins have the same number of feed pins. For example, each phase has two feed pins, the first feed pin is arranged in the first group, and the second feed pin is arranged in the second group. The power pins are used to connect the winding to an electronic power and / or control module for electrically supplying the phase of the electric winding.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the second group of pins comprises at least one reversal pins arranged to connect two coils together.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the coil comprises a connecting pin arranged to electrically connect the first group of pins with the second group of pins. For example, the connection pin has a first conductive segment arranged in the layer in which the conductive segments of the pins of the first group are arranged and a second conductive segment arranged in one of the layers in which the conductive segments of the second group are arranged. 'pin.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the buns have a width in a radial direction greater than the width in a radial direction of the stack in the notches of the conductive segments. This makes it possible to simplify the making of the electrical connections of the winding.

According to one embodiment, in a notch, a layer is formed by a single conductive segment. According to this embodiment, the layers comprising the first group of pins are distinct from the layers comprising the second group of pins.

The present invention also relates to an active part of a rotating electrical machine, formed in particular of a stator or of a rotor, which comprises an electrical winding as described above.

[0037] In addition, the present invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising an active part, formed in particular of a stator or of a rotor, which comprises an electrical winding as described above. The rotating electric machine can advantageously form an alternator, an alternator-starter, a reversible machine or an electric motor.

[0038] The present invention may be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, non-limiting examples of implementation of the invention and examination of the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 shows, schematically and partially, a sectional view of a rotary electrical machine according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 schematically shows a perspective view of the stator of Figure 1.

[0041] Figure 3 schematically shows a sectional view along a radial plane of part of the stator of Figure 2.

[0042] Figure 4 schematically shows a side perspective view of a subgroup of conductive pins of the first group of the stator of Figure 2.

[0043] Figure 5 schematically shows a side perspective view of conductive pins of the second group of pins of the stator of Figure 2.

[0044] Figure 6 shows schematically a perspective view of a reversing pin of the stator of Figure 2.

[0045] Figure 7 schematically shows a perspective view of a connecting pin of the stator of Figure 2.

Figure 8 schematically shows a perspective view of a supply pin of the stator of Figure 2. Figure 9 schematically shows a zoomed perspective view from above of the stator of Figure 2.

Figure 10 shows schematically and partially an electrical diagram of an alternative embodiment of the stator winding of Figure 2.

[0049] Figure 11 shows schematically and partially an electrical diagram of a coil according to a second exemplary implementation of the invention.

[0050] Figure 12 shows schematically and partially an electrical diagram of a coil according to a third exemplary implementation of the invention.

[0051] Figure 13 shows schematically and partially an electrical diagram of a coil according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.

Identical, similar or analogous elements retain the same references from one figure to another. It will also be noted that the different figures are not necessarily on the same scale.

FIG. 1 represents an example of a compact and polyphase rotary electrical machine 10, in particular for a vehicle such as a motor vehicle. This machine 10 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, in alternator mode, and can operate in motor mode to transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. This rotating electric machine 10 is, for example, an alternator, an alternator-starter, a reversible machine or an electric motor.

In this example, the machine 10 comprises a housing 11. Inside this housing 11, it further comprises a shaft 13, a rotor 12 integral in rotation with the shaft 13 and a stator 15 surrounding the rotor 12. The rotational movement of the rotor 12 takes place around an X axis. In the remainder of the description, the axial direction corresponds to the X axis, passing through the shaft 13 at its center, while the orientations radial planes correspond to concurrent planes, and in particular perpendicular, to the X axis. For radial directions, the internal name corresponding to an element oriented towards the axis, or closer to the axis with respect to a second element, the external name designating a distance from the axis.

In this example, the housing 11 comprises a front flange 16 and a rear flange 17 which are assembled together. These flanges 16, 17 are hollow in shape and each carry, centrally, a bearing coupled to a respective ball bearing 18, 19 for the rotational mounting of the shaft 13. In addition, the housing 11 comprises fixing means 14 allowing the mounting of the rotating electrical machine 10 in the vehicle.

A drive member 20 such as a pulley or a pinion can be fixed on a front end of the shaft 13. This member makes it possible to transmit the rotational movement to the shaft or to the shaft to transmit its rotational movement. In the remainder of the description, the front / rear denominations refer to this member. Thus a front face is a face oriented in the direction of the organ while a rear face is a face oriented in the opposite direction of said organ.

The front flange 16 and the rear flange 17 are here arranged so as to form a chamber for the circulation of a cooling liquid such as water or oil. Alternatively, the flanges could include openings for the passage of a flow of cooling air generated by the rotation of at least one fan integral in rotation with the rotor or the shaft.

[0058] In this example, the rotor 12 is formed from a bundle of sheets housing permanent magnets forming the magnetic poles. Alternatively, the rotor could be a claw rotor comprising two pole wheels and a rotor coil.

In this exemplary embodiment, the stator 15 comprises a body 21 formed of a bundle of sheets provided with notches 22, equipped with notch insulation 23 for mounting an electrical coil 24. The coil passes through the notches of the body 21 and form a front bun 25a and a rear bun 25b on either side of the body of the stator. Furthermore, the coil 24 is formed of one or more phases comprising at least one electrical conductor and being electrically connected to an electronic assembly 26.

The electronic assembly 26 which can form an inverter and which is here mounted on the housing 11, comprises at least one electronic power module making it possible to control at least one phase of the winding 24. The power module forms a rectifier bridge voltage to transform the generated alternating voltage into a direct voltage and vice versa. Alternatively, the electronic assembly could be deported from the machine. Figures 2 to 8 show in more detail the stator 15 of Figure 1. The body of the stator 21 is formed of a yoke 27 of annular shape around the axis X and of a plurality of teeth 28 extending radially towards the center of the stator from the yoke, and in particular here to from a side face forming an internal wall of the cylinder head 27. The teeth 28 are distributed angularly regularly around the periphery of the annular body, with successive spaces formed between them so as to define the notches 22 extending in series on the periphery of the annular body of the stator, each notch being delimited by two successive teeth. According to the present example, the teeth define 48 notches distributed along the circumference of the stator body, these notches being arranged to form support for the electric winding 24. Alternatively, a different number of notches can be used such as 96, 84. , 72, 60. It is understood that this number depends in particular on the application of the machine, on the diameter of the stator and on the number of poles of the rotor.

In the axial direction, that is to say the direction parallel to the X axis, the notches 22 are open on a first axial end face 29a and a second axial end face 29b of the body of stator 21. In other words, the notches pass axially right through the body and open out on the two opposite axial end faces of the stator. By the term "axial end faces" is meant faces perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis of revolution X of the stator.

The coil 24 is formed from a plurality of pins electrically connected together to form electrical paths forming the phases of the coil. In this example, each phase comprises a plurality of conductive pins 30, 31, a connection pin 32, a reversing pin 34 and two feed pins 33. As will be described in more detail later with reference to Figures 4. at 8, each conductive pin, each connecting pin and each reversing pin have two conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31 A, 31 B, 32A, 32B, 34A, 34B extending axially in the notches 22 and which are at this effect substantially parallel to each other. Said conductive segments are connected to each other by means of respective connecting ends 30C, 31 C, 32C, 34C conductive so as to form an electrical continuity. Each link end 30C, 31 C, 32C, 34C has two arms 30D, 30E, 31 D, 31 E, 32D, 32E, 34D, 34E joining to form a distal portion 30H, 31H, 32H, 34H forming a Mountain peak. Thus an arm extends between an adjacent conductive segment and a corresponding vertex. The conductive segments of the same pin 30, 31, 32, 34 are arranged in two notches distinct from one another. The feed pins 33 are each formed of a conductive segment 33A extending axially in the notches 22 and extended by a feed end 33J extending axially out of the notch.

The different pins 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 are electrically connected to each other via connection ends. Each conductive segment 30A, 30B, 31 A, 31 B, 32A, 32B, 33A, 34A, 34B is extended by a connection end 30F, 30G, 31 F, 31 G, 32F, 32G, 33F, 34F, 34G axially opposite at the connecting end and arranged to be electrically connected with a connecting end of another conductive segment.

Thus, the connecting ends and the feed ends form the front bun 25a and the connection ends form the rear bun 25b.

The conductive pins are divided into a first group of conductive pins 30 and a second group of conductive pins. The first group of conductive pins has at least half as many conductive pins as the second group of conductive pins. The first group of conductive pins 30 is arranged along the circumference of the coil, so as to include a succession of secondary groups alternately comprising one or more conductive pins. The subgroups are regularly spaced from each other along the circumference of the coil. This spacing is greater than the spacing between two circumferentially adjacent pins.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the first group of conductive pins 30 includes half as many conductive pins as the second group of conductive pins 31. In this example, each subgroup is formed by two conductive pins 30 or a conductive pin 30 associated with a connecting pin 32 or a power pin 33.

The different conductive segments arranged in the same notch belong to different pins and are superimposed to form a stack of N layers Ci, it being understood that these N layers are present in each of the notches so that one forms on the circumference of the stator of the circles annulars substantially coaxial with each other. The number N is an odd number so that each notch includes only an odd number of conductive segments. For example, a layer is formed by a single conductive segment. Thus, each notch 22 comprises N conductive segments aligned radially with respect to one another on a single line and each forming a layer Ci.

In the example of Figure 3, the layers are three in number and numbered C1 to C3, according to their stacking order in the notches 22. The first layer C1 corresponds to the outer layer, the second layer C2 corresponds to the central layer and the third layer C3 corresponds to the internal layer, the layers C1 and C3 forming border layers. Thus, the first layer C1 is occupied by the conductive segment closest to the cylinder head 27 and the third layer C3 is occupied by the conductive segment closest to the notch opening, that is to say the most close to the X axis. In the example illustrated, the conductive segments each have a substantially rectangular section facilitating their stacking in the notch.

Figures 4 to 8 illustrate the different shapes of pins forming the electrical coil 24. The description below is made in relation to a phase of the electrical coil, those skilled in the art will understand that all the phases are formed of 'in an identical way.

FIG. 4 shows two conductive pins 30 of the first group of pins, all of the pins 30 of the first group being of identical shape. The conductive pins 30 are characterized in that the conductive segments 30A, 30B of the same pin are arranged in the same layer of two different notches 22. In the example of the stator of FIG. 2, the conductive segments of the first group of conductive pins 30 are arranged in an edge layer and in particular in the outer layer C1.

In this example of winding, the connection ends 30F, 30G of the same conductive pin 30 of the first group are curved so as to move away from one another. The spacing between the two connection ends 30F, 30G of the same pin 30 is greater than the spacing between the conductive segments 30A, 30B of said pin. More particularly, the conductive segments 30A, 30B of the same pin are spaced by a pitch P so as to be respectively inserted in a notch E and in a notch E + P, and the connection ends 30F, 30G of these conductive segments are spaced by a step 2P.

Figure 5 shows conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins. In the example of the stator of Figure 2, all the conductive pins 31 of the second group being of identical shape. The conductive pins 31 differ from the conductive pins 30 of the first group in that the conductive segments 31 A, 31 B of the same pin are arranged in different layers of two different notches 22. In this example, the conductive segments are arranged in layers adjacent to each other in a radial direction. For example, the conductive segments 31 A, 31 B second group of conductive pins are arranged one in an edge layer and in particular in the inner layer C3 and the other in a central layer, here the central layer C2.

In this example of a winding, the connection ends 31 F, 31 G of the same conductive pin 31 of the second group are curved so as to move away from one another. The distance between the two connection ends 31 F, 31 G of the same pin 31 is greater than the distance between the conductive segments 31 A, 31 B of said pin. More particularly, the conductive segments 31 A, 31 B of the same pin are spaced apart by a pitch P so as to be respectively inserted in a notch E and in a notch E + P, and the connection ends 31 F, 31 G of these conductive segments are spaced by a step 2P.

Figure 6 shows a reversal pin 34 which is arranged to connect two conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins. The same phase of the winding 24 may include one or more reversal pins 34. The reversal pins 34 are of identical shape. The reversal pins 34 are characterized in that the conductive segments 34A, 34B of the same pin are arranged in the same layer of two notches 22 different. In the example of the stator of FIG. 2, the conductive segments of the reversing pins 34 are arranged in the central layer C2. The connection ends 34F, 34G of the same reversal pin 34 are curved so as to maintain the same spacing as that of the conductive segments 34A, 34B of said pin. More particularly, the conductive segments 34A, 34B of the same reversal pin 34 are spaced apart by a pitch P so as to be respectively inserted into a notch E and into a notch E + P, and the connection ends 34F, 34G of these conductive segments are spaced at the same pitch P.

[0076] Figure 7 shows a connecting pin 32 which is arranged to connect a conductive pin 30 of the first group of pins with a conductive pin 31 of the second group of pins. The same phase of the winding 24 may include one or more connection pins 32. The conductive segments 32A, 32B of the same connection pin 32 are arranged in different layers of two different notches 22. More particularly here, the conductive segment 32A of the connection pin 32 is arranged in a layer also comprising the conductive segments 30A, 30B of the conductive pins 30 of the first group of pins and the conductive segment 32B of said pin is arranged in a layers also comprising the conductive segments 31 A, 31 B of the conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins. Thus, in this example, the conductive segment 32A is arranged in the outer layer C1 and the conductive segment 32B is arranged in the inner layer C3. The spacing between the connection ends 32F, 32G of the same connection pin 32 depends on the layers in which the associated conductor segments 32A, 32B are inserted. The connection ends 32F, 32G can keep the same spacing as that of the conductive segments 32A, 32B, this example being illustrated in FIG. 7, or can move away from each other or approach one of the same. 'other.

FIG. 8 represents a supply pin 33 which comprises a single conductive segment 33A, a supply end 33J and a connection end 33F. In this example, the feed end 33J is arranged in the same bun as the connecting ends 30C, 31 C, 32C, 34C. One and the same phase comprises two supply pins 33. For example here, a first supply pin is connected to a conductive pin 30 of the first group of pins and a second supply pin is connected to a conductive pin 31 of the second. group of pins. The first and second feed pins may have the same or different shapes depending on the layers in which the conductive segments 33A are inserted. The shapes are differentiated by the curvature of the 33F connection end which can be bent in the same direction as the curvature of the feed end 33J of said pin 33 or in the opposite circumferential direction, the latter case being illustrated in Figure 8.

The feed ends 33J of the feed pins 33 form current inputs and / or outputs of the corresponding phase. More precisely for one phase, a supply end 33J of one of the supply pins is connected, directly or by means of an interconnection device, to a current source included in particular in an electronic power module. and / or control, not shown, while the supply end 33J of the other supply pin is connected, directly or through an interconnection device, to a supply end 33J a power pin for another phase of the winding in order to create the electrical coupling.

FIG. 9 illustrates a zoomed portion of a part of the electrical coil 24. In this example, the conductive pins 30 of the first group each has an offset portion 35 arranged between one of the conductive segments 30A, 30B and one of the arms. 30E, 30D associated with the 30C link end. The offset portion 35 is arranged so that said conductive segment and said arm each extend radially offset from one another. In other words, the conductive segment extends in a first plane substantially parallel to the axis; the arm of the same pin adjacent to the conductive segment extends in a second plane substantially parallel to the axis; the first and second planes being radially offset from each other. The offset portion is an offset in a radial outward direction. Thus, the arm is arranged radially further from the X axis than the adjacent conductive segment. Preferably, the offset portion is arranged in a border layer and here in the outer layer C0.

The conductive pins 30 of the first group of pins also include a second offset portion 36 formed by the distal portion 32H. Thus, similar to the first offset portion 35, the two arms 30D, 30E of the same conductive pin 30 extend radially offset from one another. The radial direction of the offset of the first offset portion 35 is radially opposite to the offset direction of the second offset portion 36. It will therefore be understood that one of the arms 30D, 30E of the conductive pin 30 extends radially by so as to form a fourth layer. Each conductive pin 30 may also include a third offset portion arranged between one of the conductive segments 30A, 30B and one of the adjacent connection ends 30F, 30G. This offset portion is equivalent to the first offset portion and also forms a fourth layer of the coil. Thus, each of the buns 25a, 25b can comprise four layers while the notches each comprise three layers. The buns have a width in a radial direction greater than the width in a radial direction of the stack in the notches of the conductive segments.

In this example, the conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins and the connecting pins 32 have a single offset portion equivalent to the second offset portion 36 previously described. This offset portion allows the connection ends of the same layer to be bent in circumferentially opposite directions.

FIG. 10 illustrates an electrical diagram showing only a portion of an electrical phase of an alternative embodiment of the coil of FIG. 2. To simplify reading, the number of notches has been limited, it being understood that this which will follow can be extended without difficulty by those skilled in the art to achieve the complete winding, the other notches of the stator also comprising stacks of conductive segments.

[0083] The alternative embodiment differs from the stator of Figure 2 in that the feed pins, connection pins and reversal pins are arranged in different layers from that previously mentioned. The electrical winding is shown flat in an axial view so that each box in solid lines schematically represents a layer of a notch, a radial notch being shown in the figure from top to bottom. It will therefore be understood that the stator comprises three layers aligned radially by notch. The connection ends as well as the supply ends are shown in solid lines and the connection ends are shown in dashed lines forming wide dotted lines. The conductive segments extending axially between said ends are not shown here.

In this example, one of the feed pins 33 is arranged in the first layer C1, the other of the feed pins 33 is arranged in the second layer C2, the reversing pin 34 is arranged in the third layer C3, the conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins are arranged in the third layer C3 and in the second layer C2 and the conductive pins 30 of the first group pins are arranged in the first layer C1. In particular in this example, the first conductive segment 32A of the connection pin 32 is arranged in the first layer C1 and the second conductive segment 32B of said pin is arranged in the second layer C2. Thus, the conductive segments 32A, 32B of the connection pin are arranged in two adjacent layers in a radial direction of two different notches, that is to say that there is no interposition of a intermediate layer between the two layers occupied by the conductive segments of this same pin 32. This allows the connecting end 32C of the connecting pin to be integrated into the bun and not to increase the height of the bun as it passes. on top of another pin portion.

As explained above, each pin is arranged so that on the one hand its conductive segments extend into two distinct notches E and E + P, separated by a pitch P. Indeed, in this example, each notch includes only conductive segments of the same phase.

[0086] Each connection end is disposed at the level of the first axial end face 29a while each connection end is disposed at the level of the second axial end face 29b. The connection ends are interconnected in particular by welding, such as by laser welding. These electrical connections between the connection ends are shown in a dashed line forming fine dotted lines. The fourth CO layer formed by the shift portion 35 is illustrated here by the dotted boxes artificially forming a fourth layer on the electrical winding.

More specifically here, the connection ends arranged in the first layer C1 and the connection ends arranged in the fourth CO layer are interconnected and the connection ends arranged in the third layer C3 and the connection ends arranged in the second layer C2 are interconnected. As illustrated by Figure 10, the connection ends 30F, 30G, 31 F, 31 G, 32F, 32G, 33F, 34F, 34G are arranged along the circumference of the coil, so as to create several sets . These sets form an alternation between a first set 37 and a second set 38, the first set 37 comprising fewer connection ends than the second set 38. This difference in the number of connection end pairs in a set is due to the causes one of the layers to have connection ends bent in both circumferential directions of the coil, the other layers each having a unique direction of curvature of the connection ends that are different from each other.

For example, the first set has only two connection ends and the second set has several pairs of connection ends.

For example, the second set 38 comprises several pairs of connection ends, said pairs being aligned radially.

More precisely, for the electrical circuit illustrated in FIG. 10, the current is introduced, in a first direction of orientation, into the coil 24 via the first supply pin 33 forming the input of the electric current of the illustrated phrase. The current then flows through the conductive pins 30 of the first group of pins on a first turn of the stator so as to form a first coil of said winding. The current then flows through the connection pin 32 and then through some of the conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins on a second turn of the stator so as to form a second coil of said winding. The current then flows through the reversing pin 34 and then through the other conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins on a third turn of the stator so as to form a third coil of said winding. Finally, current flows through the second power pin 33 forming the electrical current outlet of the illustrated sentence.

In this example, the coils of the same phase are connected in series with each other. Alternatively, it is possible to imagine that these coils are connected in parallel or that some of the coils are connected in parallel. and some of said coils are connected in series according to the performance of the coil which is desired to be obtained.

FIG. 11 illustrates another embodiment of the coil 24 in which each notch comprises five layers of conductive segments. This example differs from the example of FIG. 10 in that the electrical winding comprises two second groups of conductive pins 31. For example, the conductive segments, first group of conductive pins 30 are arranged in the first layer C1 and the segments conductors of the conductive pins 31 of the first and of the second second group are respectively arranged in the second layer C2, the third layer C3, the fourth layer C4 and the fifth layer C5. In particular here, the conductive segments of the conductive pins 31 of the first second group are respectively arranged in the second layer C2 and the third layer C3 and the conductive segments of the conductive pins 31 of the second second group are respectively arranged in the fourth layer C4 and the third layer C4. fifth layer C5. In this example, the shape of the different pins 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 is similar to the respective shapes described above.

For the electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 11, the current is introduced, in a first direction of orientation, into the coil 24 via the first supply pin 33 forming the input of the electric current of the illustrated sentence. The current then flows through the conductive pins 30 of the first group of pins on a first turn of the stator so as to form a first coil of said winding. The current then flows in a first connection pin 32 then in some of the conductive pins 31 of the first second group of pins on a second turn of the stator so as to form a second coil of said winding. The current then circulates in a first reversal pin 34 then in the other conductive pins 31 of the first second group of pins on a third turn of the stator so as to form a third coil of said winding. The current then flows in a second connection pin 32 then in some of the conductive pins 31 of the second second group of pins on a fourth turn of the stator so as to form a fourth coil of said winding. The current then circulates in a second inversion pin 34 then in the other conductive pins 31 of the second second group of pins on a fifth turn of the stator so as to form a fifth coil of said winding Finally, the current flows in the second supply pin 33 forming the outlet of the electric current of the illustrated sentence.

FIG. 12 illustrates another embodiment of the coil 24 in which each notch comprises three layers of conductive segments. This example differs from the example of FIG. 10 in that the layer in which the conductive segments 30A, 30B of the first group of conductive pins 30 are arranged is a central layer and in particular here, the second layer C2. The conductive segments 31 A, 31 B of the second group of conductive pins 31 are then arranged in two distinct layers spaced from one another by an intermediate layer, the distinct layers here being the outer layer C1 and the inner layer C3 spaced by the central layer C2. The first offset portions 35 and the third offset portions are arranged in conductive pins 31 of the second group of pins which are here arranged on a border layer, in particular the outer layer C1. The connecting ends 31C of the conductive pins of the second group of pins overlap the connecting ends 30C of the conductive pins of the first group of pins. The coil then does not include a connection pin 32 or an inversion pin 34.

FIG. 13 illustrates another embodiment of the coil 24 in which each notch comprises five layers of conductive segments. This example differs from the example of FIG. 11 in that the two second groups of conductive pins 31 are arranged so that the two conductive segments of the same conductive pin of the second group are arranged in two respective separate layers. from each other by another layer. In other words, the two conductive segments of the same conductive pin of the second group are arranged in two respective non-adjacent layers. For example, the conductive segments first group of conductive pins 30 are arranged in the first layer C1; the conductive segments of the conductive pins 31 of the first second group are respectively arranged in the second layer C2 and the fourth layer C4; and the conductive segments of the conductive pins 31 of the second second group are respectively arranged in the third layer C3 and the fifth layer C5. In this example, the shape of the different pins 30, 31, 32, 33 is similar to the respective shapes of the first embodiment described. The winding then does not include an inversion pin 34. The present invention finds applications in particular in the field of alternators, alternator-starters, electric motors or even reversible machines, but it could also be applied to any type of rotating machine. Of course, the above description has been given by way of example only and does not limit the scope of the present invention, which would not be departed from by replacing the various elements with all other equivalents. For example, the description and the figures are made so that the conductive pins, the reversing pins and the connection pins each have a U-shape comprising two conductive segments made from material with the connection end. However, it will not be departing from the scope of the invention to produce said pins in two parts in the form of an I attached to one another at the level of the connecting end.

Claims

1. Electrical winding for a coiled part, formed in particular of a stator or a rotor, of a rotating electrical machine (10), the coiled part comprising a body (21) having an annular yoke (27) around an axis (X ) and a plurality of teeth (28) extending from a lateral face of the cylinder head in a radial direction so as to define notches (22), said notches being open on a first axial end face (29a ) and on a second axial end face (29b) of the body; the coil comprising at least a first group of conductive pins (30) and a second group of conductive pins (31), said conductive pins (30, 31) being electrically connected to each other, each pin comprising two conductive segments (30A, 30B, 31 A, 31 B) intended to be arranged in two distinct notches so as to form N layers (Ci) and connected to each other by a connecting end (30C, 31 C) comprising at least one arm (30D, 30E, 31 D 31 E), the coil (24) being characterized in that it has an odd number of conductive segments intended to be arranged in the same notch.

2. Electrical winding according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the conductive segments (30A, 30B) of the first group of conductive pins are intended to be arranged in the same layer (Ci) along the circumference of the coil.

3. Electric winding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one conductive pin (30, 31) of the first or of the second group has an offset portion (35) arranged between one of the conductive segments (30A). , 30B, 31 A, 31 B), extending in a first plane parallel to the axis, and an arm (30D, 30E, 31 D 31 E) of the connecting end, associated with said conductive segment and s' extending in a second plane parallel to the axis, so that said first and second planes are radially offset from each other.

4. Electric winding according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the conductive segments (30A, 30B, 31 A, 31 B) adjacent to the offset portions (35) are intended to be arranged is an edge layer of the winding.

5. Electrical winding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first group of conductive pins (30) comprises at less than half the number of conductive pins than the second group of conductive pins (31).

6. Electric winding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first group of pins is arranged along the circumference of the winding, so as to include a succession of sub-groups comprising alternately one or more pins. conductive (30).

7. Electrical winding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conductive segments (31 A, 31 B) of the second group of conductive pins (31) are intended to be arranged in two separate layers along the winding circumference.

8. Electrical winding according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each conductive pin (30, 31) comprises two connection ends (30F, 30G, 31 F, 31 G) each extending one of the conductive segments (30A, 30B, 31 A, 31 B) axially opposite from the connecting end (30C, 31 C), the connection ends of the conductive pins (30) of the first group and the connection ends of the conductive pins (31) of the second group are arranged, along the circumference of the coil, so as to create an alternation between a first set (37) and a second set (38), said first set comprising fewer connection ends than the second set.

9. Electric winding according to the preceding claim, characterized in that one of the layers has some of the connection ends (30F, 30G, 31 F, 31 G) extending circumferentially in a first direction and the others of the connection ends s 'extending circumferentially in a second direction opposite to said first direction.

10. A rotating electrical machine comprising a coiled part, formed in particular of a stator or of a rotor, which comprises an electrical coil (24) according to any one of the preceding claims.