EP4070060A1 - Relative-pressure sensor comprising a reference-pressure supply - Google Patents
Relative-pressure sensor comprising a reference-pressure supplyInfo
- Publication number
- EP4070060A1 EP4070060A1 EP20811279.7A EP20811279A EP4070060A1 EP 4070060 A1 EP4070060 A1 EP 4070060A1 EP 20811279 A EP20811279 A EP 20811279A EP 4070060 A1 EP4070060 A1 EP 4070060A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- pressure sensor
- socket
- bushing
- measuring element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/06—Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
- G01L19/0627—Protection against aggressive medium in general
- G01L19/0654—Protection against aggressive medium in general against moisture or humidity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L13/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values
- G01L13/02—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
- G01L13/025—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements using diaphragms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a relative pressure sensor for determining a pressure of a medium in relation to atmospheric pressure, with a housing, with a measuring element which is arranged in the housing, an outer surface of the measuring element in contact with the medium being applied with the pressure to be measured is, with a reference pressure feed, which feeds the atmospheric pressure in the form of ambient air to an inner surface of the measuring element, with an evaluation unit, which determines the pressure of the medium from a variable determined with the measuring element, and with at least one drying chamber arranged in the housing for absorbing air humidity from the ambient air supplied by the reference pressure supply.
- the medium, the pressure of which is to be determined is liquid or gaseous.
- Absolute pressure, differential pressure and relative pressure sensors are known in pressure measurement technology. Absolute pressure sensors determine the prevailing pressure absolutely, i. H. in terms of vacuum while
- Differential pressure sensors determine the difference between two different pressures.
- the pressure to be measured is determined in relation to a reference pressure, the atmospheric pressure prevailing in the vicinity of the relative pressure sensor serving as the reference pressure.
- Relative pressure sensors have a pressure-sensitive measuring element, usually a membrane, which is arranged in the interior of the relative pressure sensor on the process side, so that the pressure of the medium to be measured acts on the outer surface of the measuring element.
- the atmospheric pressure acts on the inner surface of the measuring element and is supplied to the measuring element from the environment by means of a reference pressure supply.
- the measuring element bends as a function of the existing relative pressure, which is formed from the difference between the pressure to be measured and the atmospheric pressure. This bending is converted into an electrical signal dependent on the relative pressure by means of an evaluation unit, which is then available for further processing or evaluation.
- a large number of such relative pressure sensors are manufactured and sold by companies in the Endress + Hauser Group.
- the relative pressure sensor can determine the pressure to be measured according to various methods, for example capacitive or piezoresistive.
- a membrane is provided with a first electrode and the side of a measuring chamber opposite the membrane is provided with a second and partially with a third electrode.
- the second electrode and the first electrode form a measuring capacitor that is used for bending the The membrane is particularly sensitive, so that the relative pressure can be determined from the value of the capacitance.
- the third electrode serves as a reference electrode and, together with the first electrode, forms a reference capacitor which is essentially independent of pressure and is influenced by temperature, humidity and other environmental parameters. Interfering signals such as temperature-dependent changes in capacitance can be compensated for by means of the capacitance of the reference capacitor.
- Another group of known relative sensors has a membrane on which expansion-sensitive elements such as stretch marks are arranged.
- the stretch marks are often arranged in the form of a Wheatstone measuring bridge. The resistance of the stretch marks depends on the bending of the membrane and is evaluated to determine the pressure applied.
- Piezoresistive relative sensors have a sensitive layer, the electrical properties of which depend on the pressure applied. This layer is not directly exposed to the pressure to be measured, but is in contact with the medium via a diaphragm seal.
- the diaphragm seal can be a solid body or a with an incompressible liquid, z.
- Relative pressure sensors are often used in industrial processes in which they are exposed to high temperature fluctuations and differences between the process and the environment. In the event of sudden cooling, the dew point of the air in an interior space of the relative pressure sensor can be exceeded, which leads to condensation of the air humidity on cold parts within the relative pressure sensor. The air humidity can reach the relative pressure sensor in particular through the opening of the relative pressure sensor to the environment, which is necessary to provide the reference pressure for the measuring element, and through the reference pressure feed.
- the evaluation unit is usually very sensitive to moisture. For a reliable determination of the pressure, it must consequently be ensured that no or only little moisture enters or condenses within the relative pressure sensor.
- the relative pressure sensor and especially the reference pressure supply are designed in such a way that only dry air reaches the measuring element and the evaluation unit.
- the reference pressure feed leads the ambient pressure from an opening in the relative pressure sensor, which is often arranged in the housing of the relative pressure sensor, to the inner surface of the measuring element or the membrane.
- a drying chamber is partially arranged between the opening and the measuring element, which extracts moisture from the supplied ambient air from the reference pressure supply and thus dries the ambient air.
- Reference pressure feeds used as diffusion barriers to delay the penetration of moisture into an interior of the relative pressure sensor.
- a relative pressure sensor with a reference pressure feed is known from DE 10 2010 003 709 A1, which is divided into two successive sections: a long, spiral-shaped input capillary and an essentially straight section within the housing.
- the input capillary can be arranged inside or outside the housing and guides the ambient pressure from the environment of the relative pressure sensor to an interior of the relative pressure sensor.
- the straight section guides the ambient pressure from the interior to a
- the inlet capillary is provided as a separate tube, which accordingly requires space within the relative pressure sensor. Regardless of how the inlet capillary is arranged relative to the housing, a high degree of tightness is required at the opening of the housing through which the inlet capillary runs in order to ensure that the ambient air only enters the interior through the inlet capillary.
- the inlet capillary can be sealed at the opening, for example, by means of a glass feed-through, which requires a further process step.
- DE 102 00 780 A1 describes a relative pressure sensor which has a
- reference pressure supply in the form of a wound or spiral groove within a plane of a component of the relative pressure sensor.
- a filter element is provided, which is arranged at the opening of the reference pressure supply on the atmospheric side, in order to prevent moisture from penetrating into the relative pressure sensor.
- a cover is attached to the component. The groove is thus sealed in a relatively complex manner with an additional element, a high degree of tightness between the component and the cover being required so that the ambient air is actually only guided along the groove to the measuring element.
- EP 3 273215 A1 discloses a relative pressure sensor with a reference pressure feed which is arranged at least in sections as a groove within a side wall of an electronics housing. The groove is guided in a meandering shape in the side wall.
- a self-adhesive, air-impermeable film is used as a closure means in the Glued to the area of the groove on the electronics housing.
- the closure means can also be designed as a separate housing part.
- a separate closure means, i.e. film or housing part is required to seal the groove, which requires a high degree of tightness when closing the groove so that the ambient air is only guided into the interior of the relative pressure sensor within the groove.
- the present invention is based on the object of developing a relative pressure sensor in which it is ensured in a simple manner that the ambient air is exclusively along the
- Reference pressure supply is performed in an interior of the relative pressure sensor.
- a relative pressure sensor for determining a pressure p1 of a medium in relation to an atmospheric pressure p2, with a housing, with a measuring element which is arranged in the housing, an outer surface of the measuring element in contact with the medium with the pressure p1 to be measured is applied, with a reference pressure supply which supplies the atmospheric pressure p2 in the form of ambient air to an inner surface of the measuring element, with an evaluation unit which determines the pressure p1 of the medium from a variable determined with the measuring element, and with at least one in the Housing arranged drying chamber for absorbing air humidity from the ambient air supplied by the reference pressure supply.
- an opening for the reference pressure supply is provided in an outer wall of the housing, as well as a cylindrical socket for receiving and passing through the connecting lines of the electronics and the reference pressure supply.
- the socket is designed so that it can be pressed into the housing, the socket having a capillary-shaped and at least partially spiral groove surrounding the socket in an outer wall facing the inner wall of the housing.
- the groove is arranged with respect to the housing in such a way that the reference pressure is supplied from the opening of the housing to the interior of the socket exclusively along the groove.
- the outer wall of the bushing When the bushing is pressed into the housing, the outer wall of the bushing is deformed so that the ambient air cannot pass from a first section of the groove to a second section of the groove along an area between the outer wall of the bushing and the inner wall of the housing.
- a Such a crossing of the ambient air between individual sections of the groove is particularly critical for the spiral-shaped section of the groove, since here there is sometimes only a little outer wall between the individual sections of the groove. Pressing the socket into the housing ensures that the outer wall of the socket is deformed, for example flattened, and that this creates a hermetically sealed area between the outer wall of the socket and the inner wall of the housing.
- the spiral-shaped section of the groove is designed in the form of a thread, so that after the pressing in, a cylindrical, sealing area is present between the individual sections of the spiral-shaped groove.
- the groove has its start in one end section of the bush and its end in an opposite end section of the bush.
- the groove runs along the entire length of the bush. Accordingly, a
- the groove has a length and a cross section, the groove comprising a volume such that when the entire volume of air within the reference pressure supply is compressed by a temperature reduction, the groove is only partially filled with new ambient air from the environment of the relative pressure sensor.
- the reference pressure feed is designed in such a way that the air volume in the reference pressure feed between the interior of the socket and the measuring element is not many times greater than that
- Air volume in the groove A significant temperature change usually occurs on the process side of the relative pressure sensor and, in the event of a temperature reduction and the resulting compression of the air volume in the interior of the relative pressure sensor, leads to the ambient air being sucked in towards the measuring element.
- the reference pressure supply must be designed in such a way that, despite a sudden temperature reduction, no moist ambient air is drawn into the relative pressure sensor. Consequently, the groove must comprise such a volume that the ambient air, which is already located inside the groove, does not enter the interior of the relative pressure sensor completely when there is no temperature change is sucked. Such a configuration makes the use of an additional filter element superfluous.
- the socket is advantageously made of brass or bronze. This facilitates the pressing of the socket into the housing and the necessary deformation of the outer wall of the socket.
- the housing is made of stainless steel.
- stainless steel encourages the deformation of the outer wall of the bushing during pressing.
- the bushing is connected to the housing by pressing in, in particular cold stretching or shrinking.
- cold expansion the bushing to be inserted into the housing is cooled or shrunk and then pressed into the housing.
- the expansion of the socket when heated creates a positive connection between socket and housing.
- By cooling the bushing the formation of small grooves in the outer wall of the bushing due to friction can also be avoided during the press-in process. Such grooves could otherwise lead to the ambient air entering the interior of the socket via the grooves instead of the groove. Dry ice, for example, can be used to cool the socket.
- a section with an enlargement of the outside diameter of the bushing is arranged on an end region of the bushing facing the measuring element, the housing having a section with an enlargement of the inside diameter which corresponds to the section with the enlargement of the outside diameter of the bushing.
- the corresponding sections of the enlargement of the outside diameter of the bushing and the enlargement of the inside diameter of the housing fit into one another in a gastight manner after the bushing has been introduced into the housing. This ensures that the ambient air from the reference pressure supply does not penetrate into the interior of the relative pressure sensor through the end region of the socket facing the measuring element.
- the enlargement of the outer diameter of the socket can be, for example, an edge or a shoulder.
- a preferred embodiment includes that on the end area of the socket facing the measuring element, a bottom surface is arranged which closes the socket perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the socket, the bottom surface having at least one opening for the lead-through of the connecting lines of the electronics and the reference pressure supply.
- the arrangement of the bottom surface with at least one opening leads to a spatial delimitation of the socket from the drying chamber and the measuring element. Drying chambers are often provided with shaped bodies which can absorb moisture from the reference pressure supply and thus attract moisture. The rate at which moisture is absorbed by the drying chamber can sometimes be quite high. In the case of a socket without a bottom surface, the volume of the interior space of the relative pressure sensor is available to the drying chamber for moisture absorption. If the ambient air in the interior of the socket is constantly dried by the drying chamber, this accelerates the diffusion of moisture through the groove into the interior of the socket. This effect is reduced by the arrangement of the floor area including its opening.
- the bottom surface of the socket is advantageously designed as a potting or a glass leadthrough. This means that the bottom surface can still be inserted after the bushing has been pressed in.
- the potting and also the glass leadthrough have a high degree of tightness at the contact surface between the bottom surface and the socket, so that the reference pressure supply is guided exclusively through the at least one opening in the bottom surface.
- the reference pressure supply is preferably configured in sections as a moisture-permeable hose, the hose being inserted into the at least one opening in the floor surface in such a way that the reference pressure supply from an interior of the socket through the drying chamber to the measuring element takes place exclusively through the hose.
- the use of a hose ensures a reduction in the volume of air in the reference pressure supply compared to an arrangement without a hose. This also serves to limit the rate at which the drying chamber absorbs moisture.
- the moisture from the ambient lift within the reference pressure supply can diffuse out of the moisture-permeable wall of the hose and be adsorbed by the drying chamber.
- the drying chamber has a drying module for receiving a moisture adsorbing material or a shaped body which comprises a polymer matrix and zeolite.
- the drying chamber can be separated from the reference pressure feed or the hose by a moisture-permeable wall.
- FIGS. 1-2 It shows:
- 1 shows an embodiment of the relative pressure sensor according to the invention with the socket, which is arranged in the housing
- 2 shows an embodiment of the groove before and after the bushing is pressed into the housing.
- the present invention can be applied to a large number of relative pressure sensors which are based on different measurement principles.
- Relative pressure sensors are used to determine a pressure p1 of a medium in relation to an atmospheric pressure p2, with a housing, a measuring element which is arranged in the housing, with an outer surface of the measuring element in contact with the medium being acted upon by the pressure p1 to be measured, a reference pressure feed, which feeds the atmospheric pressure p2 in the form of ambient air to an inner surface of the measuring element, an evaluation unit, which is determined from a with the measuring element
- Size determines the pressure p1 of the medium, and with at least one drying chamber arranged in the housing for absorbing air humidity from the ambient air supplied by the reference pressure feed.
- Corresponding relative pressure sensors are manufactured and sold by the applicant for example under the terms “Cerabar” and “Ceraphant”.
- the relative pressure sensor 1 in Fig. 1 comprises a housing 3, a drying chamber 7, a reference pressure feed 5, a measuring element 4 and an evaluation unit 6.
- a housing 3 In the outer wall of the housing 3 there is an opening 8 for the reference pressure feed 5, which the ambient air in the Interior of the relative pressure sensor 1 can enter.
- the opening 8 leads into the capillary-shaped and at least partially spiral-shaped groove 11 in the outer wall of the cylindrical bush 9 facing the housing 3, which is pressed into the housing 3.
- Connection lines of the electronics 10 also run through the socket 9.
- the groove 11 is completely spiral-shaped. Other possibilities for the design of the groove 11 with regard to its shape and length are therefore not excluded.
- the groove 11 begins in one end region of the bushing 9 and ends in the opposite end region of the bushing 9, so that the greatest possible length of the groove 11 is achieved.
- the ambient air is guided exclusively through the opening 8 and along the groove 11 from the environment into the interior of the socket 9.
- the length and the cross section of the groove 11 are important for slowing down the entry of moisture into the interior of the relative pressure sensor 1, but also in the event of a sharp drop in temperature.
- the groove 11 is therefore designed in such a way that, in the event of any temperature drop within the operating range of the relative pressure sensor 1, ambient air already present in the groove 11 is never completely sucked into the interior of the relative pressure sensor 1.
- the socket 9 is made of brass or bronze and the housing 3 is made of stainless steel in order to be able to press the socket 9 into the housing 3 in a particularly simple manner. Other configurations of the socket 9 and the housing 3 are not excluded.
- the bushing 9 made of brass or bronze is connected to the housing 3 by means of cold expansion.
- the socket 9 also has a section with an enlargement of the outer diameter 12 a, which faces the measuring element 4.
- the housing 3 has a section 12b which corresponds to this section of the bushing 12a and has an enlargement of the inside diameter.
- the corresponding sections 12a, b are each configured as a shoulder, other configurations also being possible.
- the socket 9 is closed with a bottom surface 13 perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.
- the bottom surface 13 is designed as a glass leadthrough, but potting or a further form of a bottom surface 13 would also be conceivable.
- two openings 14 are provided for the passage of the connecting lines of the electronics 10 and the reference pressure feed 5.
- a moisture-permeable hose 15 is inserted into an opening 14 of the bottom surface 13, the reference pressure supply 5 taking place exclusively through the hose 15 from an interior of the socket 9 through the drying chamber 7 to the measuring element 4.
- the drying chamber 7 has a shaped body which comprises a polymer matrix and zeolite, or a drying module for receiving a moisture adsorbing material.
- the hose 15 leads through the drying chamber 7 to the measuring element 4.
- the moisture from the reference pressure supply 5 diffuses through the moisture-permeable wall of the hose 15 and is adsorbed by the drying chamber 7.
- a possible configuration of the spiral-shaped section of the groove 11 is shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
- the groove 11 in Fig. 2a is designed as a thread.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Relativdrucksensor mit Referenzdruckzuführung Relative pressure sensor with reference pressure supply
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Relativdrucksensor zur Bestimmung eines Drucks eines Mediums in Bezug auf einen Atmosphärendruck, mit einem Gehäuse, mit einem Messelement, welches in dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei eine mit dem Medium in Kontakt stehende Außenfläche des Messelements mit dem zu messenden Druck beaufschlagt ist, mit einer Referenzdruckzuführung, welche einer Innenfläche des Messelements den Atmosphärendruck in Form von Umgebungsluft zuführt, mit einer Auswerteeinheit, welche aus einer mit dem Messelement bestimmten Größe den Druck des Mediums bestimmt, und mit mindestens einer in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Trocknungskammer zur Aufnahme von Luftfeuchte aus der durch die Referenzdruckzuführung zugeführten Umgebungsluft. Das Medium, dessen Druck zu bestimmen ist, ist hierbei flüssig oder gasförmig. The present invention relates to a relative pressure sensor for determining a pressure of a medium in relation to atmospheric pressure, with a housing, with a measuring element which is arranged in the housing, an outer surface of the measuring element in contact with the medium being applied with the pressure to be measured is, with a reference pressure feed, which feeds the atmospheric pressure in the form of ambient air to an inner surface of the measuring element, with an evaluation unit, which determines the pressure of the medium from a variable determined with the measuring element, and with at least one drying chamber arranged in the housing for absorbing air humidity from the ambient air supplied by the reference pressure supply. The medium, the pressure of which is to be determined, is liquid or gaseous.
In der Druckmesstechnik sind Absolutdruck-, Differenzdruck- und Relativdrucksensoren bekannt. Absolutdrucksensoren bestimmen den vorherrschenden Druck absolut, d. h. in Bezug auf Vakuum, während Absolute pressure, differential pressure and relative pressure sensors are known in pressure measurement technology. Absolute pressure sensors determine the prevailing pressure absolutely, i. H. in terms of vacuum while
Differenzdrucksensoren die Differenz zwischen zwei unterschiedlichen Drücken bestimmen. Bei Relativdrucksensoren wird der zu messende Druck gegenüber einem Referenzdruck bestimmt, wobei der in der Umgebung des Relativdrucksensors vorherrschende Atmosphärendruck als Referenzdruck dient. Relativdrucksensoren weisen ein druckempfindliches Messelement auf, in der Regel eine Membran, welche im Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors prozessseitig angeordnet ist, so dass auf die Außenfläche des Messelements der zu messende Druck des Mediums einwirkt. Auf die Innenfläche des Messelements wirkt der Atmosphärendruck ein, welcher dem Messelement mittels einer Referenzdruckzuführung aus der Umgebung zugeführt wird. Das Messelement verbiegt sich in Abhängigkeit des vorliegenden Relativdrucks, welcher aus der Differenz zwischen dem zu messenden Druck und dem Atmosphärendruck gebildet wird. Diese Verbiegung wird mittels einer Auswerteinheit in ein vom Relativdruck abhängiges elektrisches Signal umgewandelt, das dann zur weiteren Verarbeitung oder Auswertung zur Verfügung steht. Eine Vielzahl solcher Relativdrucksensoren wird von Firmen der Endress+Hauser-Gruppe hergestellt und vertrieben. Differential pressure sensors determine the difference between two different pressures. In the case of relative pressure sensors, the pressure to be measured is determined in relation to a reference pressure, the atmospheric pressure prevailing in the vicinity of the relative pressure sensor serving as the reference pressure. Relative pressure sensors have a pressure-sensitive measuring element, usually a membrane, which is arranged in the interior of the relative pressure sensor on the process side, so that the pressure of the medium to be measured acts on the outer surface of the measuring element. The atmospheric pressure acts on the inner surface of the measuring element and is supplied to the measuring element from the environment by means of a reference pressure supply. The measuring element bends as a function of the existing relative pressure, which is formed from the difference between the pressure to be measured and the atmospheric pressure. This bending is converted into an electrical signal dependent on the relative pressure by means of an evaluation unit, which is then available for further processing or evaluation. A large number of such relative pressure sensors are manufactured and sold by companies in the Endress + Hauser Group.
Der Relativdrucksensor kann den zu messenden Druck nach verschiedenen Verfahren, beispielsweise kapazitiv oder piezoresistiv, bestimmen. The relative pressure sensor can determine the pressure to be measured according to various methods, for example capacitive or piezoresistive.
In einem kapazitiven Relativdrucksensor wird eine Membran mit einer ersten Elektrode und die der Membran gegenüberliegenden Seite einer Messkammer mit einer zweiten und teilweise mit einer dritten Elektrode versehen. Die zweite Elektrode bildet mit der ersten Elektrode einen Messkondensator, der für Verbiegungen der Membran besonders empfindlich ist, sodass aus dem Wert der Kapazität der Relativdruck bestimmbar ist. Die dritte Elektrode dient als Referenzelektrode und bildet mit der ersten Elektrode einen Referenzkondensator, der im Wesentlichen druckunabhängig ist und von Temperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit und anderen Umgebungsparametern beeinflusst wird. Mittels der Kapazität des Referenzkondensators können so Störsignale, wie temperaturabhängige Kapazitätsänderungen, kompensiert werden. In a capacitive relative pressure sensor, a membrane is provided with a first electrode and the side of a measuring chamber opposite the membrane is provided with a second and partially with a third electrode. The second electrode and the first electrode form a measuring capacitor that is used for bending the The membrane is particularly sensitive, so that the relative pressure can be determined from the value of the capacitance. The third electrode serves as a reference electrode and, together with the first electrode, forms a reference capacitor which is essentially independent of pressure and is influenced by temperature, humidity and other environmental parameters. Interfering signals such as temperature-dependent changes in capacitance can be compensated for by means of the capacitance of the reference capacitor.
Eine weitere Gruppe von bekannten Relativsensoren weist eine Membran auf, an welcher dehnungssensitive Elemente wie Dehnungsstreifen angeordnet sind. Die Dehnungsstreifen sind dabei häufig in Form einer Wheatstone’schen Messbrücke angeordnet. Der Widerstand der Dehnungsstreifen ist von der Verbiegung der Membran abhängig und wird zur Bestimmung des angelegten Drucks ausgewertet. Another group of known relative sensors has a membrane on which expansion-sensitive elements such as stretch marks are arranged. The stretch marks are often arranged in the form of a Wheatstone measuring bridge. The resistance of the stretch marks depends on the bending of the membrane and is evaluated to determine the pressure applied.
Piezoresistive Relativsensoren weisen eine sensitive Schicht auf, deren elektrische Eigenschaften vom angelegten Druck abhängen. Diese Schicht ist nicht direkt mit dem zu messenden Druck beaufschlagt, sondern steht über einen Druckmittler mit dem Medium in Kontakt. Der Druckmittler kann ein massiver Festkörper sein oder ein mit einer inkompressiblen Flüssigkeit, z. B. Öl, befülltes Rohr, welches durch eine drucksensitive Membran gegenüber dem Prozess abgedichtet ist. Piezoresistive relative sensors have a sensitive layer, the electrical properties of which depend on the pressure applied. This layer is not directly exposed to the pressure to be measured, but is in contact with the medium via a diaphragm seal. The diaphragm seal can be a solid body or a with an incompressible liquid, z. B. Oil, filled pipe, which is sealed off from the process by a pressure-sensitive membrane.
Häufig werden Relativdrucksensoren in industriellen Prozessen eingesetzt, in denen sie hohen Temperaturschwankungen und -differenzen zwischen Prozess und Umgebung ausgesetzt sind. Bei plötzlicher Abkühlung kann der Taupunkt der Luft in einem Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors überschritten werden, was zur Kondensation der Luftfeuchtigkeit auf kalten Teilen innerhalb des Relativdrucksensors führt. Die Luftfeuchtigkeit kann insbesondere durch die Öffnung des Relativdrucksensors zur Umgebung, welche zum Bereitstellen des Referenzdrucks für das Messelement notwendig ist, und durch die Referenzdruckzuführung in den Relativdrucksensor gelangen. Relative pressure sensors are often used in industrial processes in which they are exposed to high temperature fluctuations and differences between the process and the environment. In the event of sudden cooling, the dew point of the air in an interior space of the relative pressure sensor can be exceeded, which leads to condensation of the air humidity on cold parts within the relative pressure sensor. The air humidity can reach the relative pressure sensor in particular through the opening of the relative pressure sensor to the environment, which is necessary to provide the reference pressure for the measuring element, and through the reference pressure feed.
Die Auswerteeinheit ist in der Regel sehr empfindlich gegenüber Feuchtigkeit. Für eine zuverlässige Bestimmung des Drucks muss folglich sichergestellt sein, dass innerhalb des Relativdrucksensors keine oder nur wenig Feuchtigkeit eintritt oder kondensiert. Im Idealfall ist der Relativdrucksensor und speziell die Referenzdruckzuführung so aufgebaut, dass lediglich trockene Luft zum Messelement und zur Auswerteeinheit gelangt. In der Regel führt die Referenzdruckzuführung den Umgebungsdruck von einer Öffnung im Relativdrucksensor, welche häufig im Gehäuse des Relativdrucksensors angeordnet ist, zu der Innenfläche des Messelements bzw. der Membran. Teilweise ist zwischen der Öffnung und dem Messelement eine Trocknungskammer angeordnet, die der zugeführten Umgebungsluft aus der Referenzdruckzuführung Feuchtigkeit entzieht und die Umgebungsluft so trocknet. The evaluation unit is usually very sensitive to moisture. For a reliable determination of the pressure, it must consequently be ensured that no or only little moisture enters or condenses within the relative pressure sensor. In the ideal case, the relative pressure sensor and especially the reference pressure supply are designed in such a way that only dry air reaches the measuring element and the evaluation unit. As a rule, the reference pressure feed leads the ambient pressure from an opening in the relative pressure sensor, which is often arranged in the housing of the relative pressure sensor, to the inner surface of the measuring element or the membrane. A drying chamber is partially arranged between the opening and the measuring element, which extracts moisture from the supplied ambient air from the reference pressure supply and thus dries the ambient air.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Referenzdruckzuführung bekannt. Häufig werden abschnittsweise gewundeneVarious possibilities for reference pressure supply are known from the prior art. Often there are sinuous sections
Referenzdruckzuführungen als Diffusionsbarrieren eingesetzt, um das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in einen Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors zu verzögern. Reference pressure feeds used as diffusion barriers to delay the penetration of moisture into an interior of the relative pressure sensor.
Aus der DE 10 2010 003 709 A1 ist ein Relativdrucksensor mit einer Referenzdruckzuführung bekannt, welche sich in zwei aufeinanderfolgende Abschnitte gliedert: einer langen, spiralförmigen Eingangskapillare und einen im Wesentlichen geraden Abschnitt innerhalb des Gehäuses. Die Eingangskapillare kann innerhalb oder außerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet sein und führt den Umgebungsdruck aus der Umgebung des Relativdrucksensors zu einem Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors. Der gerade Abschnitt führt den Umgebungsdruck aus dem Innenraum an einerA relative pressure sensor with a reference pressure feed is known from DE 10 2010 003 709 A1, which is divided into two successive sections: a long, spiral-shaped input capillary and an essentially straight section within the housing. The input capillary can be arranged inside or outside the housing and guides the ambient pressure from the environment of the relative pressure sensor to an interior of the relative pressure sensor. The straight section guides the ambient pressure from the interior to a
Trocknungskammer vorbei hin zum Messelement. Die Eingangskapillare ist als separater Schlauch vorgesehen, der dementsprechend Raum innerhalb des Relativdrucksensors benötigt. Unabhängig davon, wie die Eingangskapillare relativ zum Gehäuse angeordnet ist, ist eine hohe Dichtigkeit an der Öffnung des Gehäuses, durch die die Eingangskapillare verläuft, erforderlich, um zu gewährleisten, dass die Umgebungsluft ausschließlich durch die Eingangskapillare in den Innenraum eintritt. Ein Abdichten der Eingangskapillare an der Öffnung kann beispielsweise mittels einer Glasdurchführung erfolgen, was einen weiteren Prozessschritt erfordert. Die DE 102 00 780 A1 beschreibt einen Relativdrucksensor, welcher eineDrying chamber over to the measuring element. The inlet capillary is provided as a separate tube, which accordingly requires space within the relative pressure sensor. Regardless of how the inlet capillary is arranged relative to the housing, a high degree of tightness is required at the opening of the housing through which the inlet capillary runs in order to ensure that the ambient air only enters the interior through the inlet capillary. The inlet capillary can be sealed at the opening, for example, by means of a glass feed-through, which requires a further process step. DE 102 00 780 A1 describes a relative pressure sensor which has a
Referenzdruckzuführung in Form einer gewundenen oder spiralförmigen Nut innerhalb einer Ebene eines Bauteils des Relativdrucksensors umfasst. Zusätzlich ist ein Filterelement vorgesehen, welches an der atmosphärenseitigen Öffnung der Referenzdruckzuführung angeordnet ist, um das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in den Relativdrucksensor zu verhindern. Um die Nut abzudichten, wird eine Abdeckung an dem Bauteil befestigt. Das Abdichten der Nut erfolgt damit in relativ aufwändiger Weise mit einem zusätzlichen Element, wobei eine hohe Dichtigkeit zwischen dem Bauteil und der Abdeckung gefordert ist, damit die Umgebungsluft tatsächlich ausschließlich entlang der Nut zu dem Messelement geführt wird. Includes reference pressure supply in the form of a wound or spiral groove within a plane of a component of the relative pressure sensor. In addition, a filter element is provided, which is arranged at the opening of the reference pressure supply on the atmospheric side, in order to prevent moisture from penetrating into the relative pressure sensor. To seal the groove, a cover is attached to the component. The groove is thus sealed in a relatively complex manner with an additional element, a high degree of tightness between the component and the cover being required so that the ambient air is actually only guided along the groove to the measuring element.
Die EP 3 273215 A1 offenbart einen Relativdrucksensor mit einer Referenzdruckzuführung, welche zumindest abschnittweise als Nut innerhalb einer Seitenwandung eines Elektronikgehäuses angeordnet ist. Die Nut ist dabei mäanderförmig in der Seitenwandung geführt. Um die nach außen offene Nut abzuschließen, wird eine selbstklebende, luftundurchlässige Folie als Verschlussmittel im Bereich der Nut auf das Elektronikgehäuse aufgeklebt. Alternativ kann das Verschlussmittel auch als ein separates Gehäuseteil ausgebildet sein. Auch hier wird zum Abdichten der Nut ein separates Verschlussmittel, also Folie oder Gehäuseteil, benötigt, was ein hohes Maß an Dichtigkeit beim Verschließen der Nut erfordert, damit die Umgebungsluft nur innerhalb der Nut in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors geführt wird. EP 3 273215 A1 discloses a relative pressure sensor with a reference pressure feed which is arranged at least in sections as a groove within a side wall of an electronics housing. The groove is guided in a meandering shape in the side wall. In order to close the outwardly open groove, a self-adhesive, air-impermeable film is used as a closure means in the Glued to the area of the groove on the electronics housing. Alternatively, the closure means can also be designed as a separate housing part. Here, too, a separate closure means, i.e. film or housing part, is required to seal the groove, which requires a high degree of tightness when closing the groove so that the ambient air is only guided into the interior of the relative pressure sensor within the groove.
Ausgehend vom genannten Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Relativdrucksensor zu entwickeln, bei welchem auf einfache Weise sichergestellt ist, dass die Umgebungsluft ausschließlich entlang derProceeding from the stated prior art, the present invention is based on the object of developing a relative pressure sensor in which it is ensured in a simple manner that the ambient air is exclusively along the
Referenzdruckzuführung in einen Innenraum des Relativdrucksensor geführt wird. Reference pressure supply is performed in an interior of the relative pressure sensor.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch einen Relativdrucksensor zur Bestimmung eines Drucks p1 eines Mediums in Bezug auf einen Atmosphärendruck p2 gelöst, mit einem Gehäuse, mit einem Messelement, welches in dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei eine mit dem Medium in Kontakt stehende Außenfläche des Messelements mit dem zu messenden Druck p1 beaufschlagt ist, mit einer Referenzdruckzuführung, welche einer Innenfläche des Messelements den Atmosphärendruck p2 in Form von Umgebungsluft zuführt, mit einer Auswerteeinheit, welche aus einer mit dem Messelement bestimmten Größe den Druck p1 des Mediums bestimmt, und mit mindestens einer in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Trocknungskammer zur Aufnahme von Luftfeuchte aus der durch die Referenzdruckzuführung zugeführten Umgebungsluft. The object is achieved according to the invention by a relative pressure sensor for determining a pressure p1 of a medium in relation to an atmospheric pressure p2, with a housing, with a measuring element which is arranged in the housing, an outer surface of the measuring element in contact with the medium with the pressure p1 to be measured is applied, with a reference pressure supply which supplies the atmospheric pressure p2 in the form of ambient air to an inner surface of the measuring element, with an evaluation unit which determines the pressure p1 of the medium from a variable determined with the measuring element, and with at least one in the Housing arranged drying chamber for absorbing air humidity from the ambient air supplied by the reference pressure supply.
Zudem ist eine Öffnung für die Referenzdruckzuführung in einer Außenwandung des Gehäuses vorgesehen, sowie eine zylindrische Buchse zur Aufnahme und Durchführung der Anschlussleitungen der Elektronik und der Referenzdruckzuführung. Die Buchse ist so ausgestaltet, dass sie in das Gehäuse einpressbar ist, wobei die Buchse in einer der Innenwandung des Gehäuses zugewandten Außenwandung eine kapillarförmige und zumindest abschnittsweise spiralförmige, die Buchse umlaufende Nut aufweist. Dabei ist die Nut bezüglich des Gehäuses so angeordnet, dass die Referenzdruckzuführung von der Öffnung des Gehäuses zum Innenraum der Buchse ausschließlich entlang der Nut erfolgt. In addition, an opening for the reference pressure supply is provided in an outer wall of the housing, as well as a cylindrical socket for receiving and passing through the connecting lines of the electronics and the reference pressure supply. The socket is designed so that it can be pressed into the housing, the socket having a capillary-shaped and at least partially spiral groove surrounding the socket in an outer wall facing the inner wall of the housing. The groove is arranged with respect to the housing in such a way that the reference pressure is supplied from the opening of the housing to the interior of the socket exclusively along the groove.
Vorteilhaft erfolgt beim Einpressen der Buchse in das Gehäuse eine Verformung der Außenwandung der Buchse, so dass die Umgebungsluft nicht von einem ersten Abschnitt der Nut in einen zweiten Abschnitt der Nut entlang eines Bereichs zwischen der Außenwandung der Buchse und der Innenwandung des Gehäuses übertreten kann. Ein derartiges Übertreten der Umgebungsluft zwischen einzelnen Abschnitten der Nut ist besonders kritisch für den spiralförmigen Abschnitt der Nut, da hier mitunter nur wenig Außenwandung zwischen den einzelnen Abschnitten der Nut vorhanden ist. Durch das Einpressen der Buchse in das Gehäuse wird sichergestellt, dass die Außenwandung der Buchse verformt wird, beispielsweise abgeflacht wird, und dass dadurch ein hermetisch dichtender Bereich zwischen der Außenwandung der Buchse und der Innenwandung des Gehäuses geschaffen wird. In einer möglichen Ausgestaltung ist der spiralförmige Abschnitt der Nut in Form eines Gewindes ausgestaltet, so dass nach dem Einpressen ein zylindrischer, dichtender Bereich zwischen den einzelnen Abschnitten der spiralförmigen Nut vorhanden ist. Durch das Einpressen der Buchse in das Gehäuse wird folglich gewährleistet, dass die Umgebungsluft von der Öffnung des Gehäuses zum Innenraum der Buchse ausschließlich innerhalb der Nut strömt. Im Gegensatz zu bisherigen Lösungen ist kein weiteres Element zur Abdichtung der Nut erforderlich, also weder ein separates Gehäuse, noch eine Folie, noch eine Abdeckung. Die Buchse ist für viele Relativdrucksensoren einsetzbar, insbesondere kann sie platzsparend auch bei Relativdrucksensoren mit kleinen Innenräumen verwendet werden. When the bushing is pressed into the housing, the outer wall of the bushing is deformed so that the ambient air cannot pass from a first section of the groove to a second section of the groove along an area between the outer wall of the bushing and the inner wall of the housing. A Such a crossing of the ambient air between individual sections of the groove is particularly critical for the spiral-shaped section of the groove, since here there is sometimes only a little outer wall between the individual sections of the groove. Pressing the socket into the housing ensures that the outer wall of the socket is deformed, for example flattened, and that this creates a hermetically sealed area between the outer wall of the socket and the inner wall of the housing. In one possible embodiment, the spiral-shaped section of the groove is designed in the form of a thread, so that after the pressing in, a cylindrical, sealing area is present between the individual sections of the spiral-shaped groove. By pressing the bushing into the housing, it is consequently ensured that the ambient air flows from the opening of the housing to the interior of the bushing exclusively within the groove. In contrast to previous solutions, no further element is required to seal the groove, that is, neither a separate housing, nor a film, nor a cover. The socket can be used for many relative pressure sensors; in particular, it can also be used in a space-saving manner for relative pressure sensors with small interior spaces.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung hat die Nut in einem Endabschnitt der Buchse ihren Anfang und in einem gegenüberliegenden Endabschnitt der Buchse ihr Ende. Somit verläuft die Nut entlang der gesamten Länge der Buchse. Dementsprechend wird eineIn a preferred embodiment, the groove has its start in one end section of the bush and its end in an opposite end section of the bush. Thus, the groove runs along the entire length of the bush. Accordingly, a
Länge der Nut erreicht, die besonders dazu geeignet ist, die Diffusion von Feuchtigkeit in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors zu verlangsamen. Reached the length of the groove, which is particularly suitable for slowing down the diffusion of moisture into the interior of the relative pressure sensor.
In einerweiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Nut eine Länge und einen Querschnitt auf, wobei die Nut ein derartiges Volumen umfasst, dass bei einer Komprimierung des gesamten Luftvolumens innerhalb der Referenzdruckzuführung durch eine Temperaturreduzierung die Nut nur teilweise mit neuer Umgebungsluft aus der Umgebung des Relativdrucksensors aufgefüllt wird. Dabei ist die Referenzdruckzuführung so ausgestaltet, dass das Luftvolumen in der Referenzdruckzuführung zwischen dem Innenraum der Buchse und dem Messelement nicht vielfach größer ist als dasIn a further embodiment, the groove has a length and a cross section, the groove comprising a volume such that when the entire volume of air within the reference pressure supply is compressed by a temperature reduction, the groove is only partially filled with new ambient air from the environment of the relative pressure sensor. The reference pressure feed is designed in such a way that the air volume in the reference pressure feed between the interior of the socket and the measuring element is not many times greater than that
Luftvolumen in der Nut. Eine deutliche Temperaturänderung tritt in der Regel auf der Prozessseite des Relativdrucksensors auf und führt im Fall einer Temperaturreduzierung und der daraus resultierenden Komprimierung des Luftvolumens im Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors zu einem Ansaugen der Umgebungsluft in Richtung des Messelements. Für einen solchen Fall muss die Referenzdruckzuführung so ausgestaltet sein, dass trotz einer plötzlichen Temperaturreduzierung keine feuchte Umgebungsluft in den Relativdrucksensor gesogen wird. Folglich muss die Nut ein solches Volumen umfassen, dass die Umgebungsluft, welche sich bereits innerhalb der Nut befindet, bei keiner Temperaturänderung vollständig in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors gesogen wird. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung macht insbesondere den Einsatz eines zusätzlichen Filterelements überflüssig. Air volume in the groove. A significant temperature change usually occurs on the process side of the relative pressure sensor and, in the event of a temperature reduction and the resulting compression of the air volume in the interior of the relative pressure sensor, leads to the ambient air being sucked in towards the measuring element. For such a case, the reference pressure supply must be designed in such a way that, despite a sudden temperature reduction, no moist ambient air is drawn into the relative pressure sensor. Consequently, the groove must comprise such a volume that the ambient air, which is already located inside the groove, does not enter the interior of the relative pressure sensor completely when there is no temperature change is sucked. Such a configuration makes the use of an additional filter element superfluous.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Buchse aus Messing oder Bronze gefertigt. Dies erleichtert das Einpressen der Buchse in das Gehäuse sowie die notwendige Verformung der Außenwandung der Buchse. The socket is advantageously made of brass or bronze. This facilitates the pressing of the socket into the housing and the necessary deformation of the outer wall of the socket.
Dabei ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Gehäuse aus Edelstahl gefertigt ist. Edelstahl als vergleichsweise hartes Material begünstigt die Verformung der Außenwandung der Buchse während des Einpressens. It is advantageous if the housing is made of stainless steel. As a comparatively hard material, stainless steel encourages the deformation of the outer wall of the bushing during pressing.
Von Vorteil ist ebenso, wenn die Buchse durch Einpressen, insbesondere Kaltdehnen oder Einschrumpfen, mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist. Bei Kaltdehnen wird die in das Gehäuse einzuführende Buchse abgekühlt bzw. geschrumpft und anschließend in das Gehäuse gepresst. Durch die Ausdehnung der Buchse bei Erwärmung wird eine formschlüssige Verbindung von Buchse und Gehäuse erhalten. Durch das Abkühlen der Buchse kann weiterhin die Bildung kleiner Rillen in der Außenwandung der Buchse während des Einpressens aufgrund von Reibung vermieden werden. Derartige Rillen könnten sonst dazu führen, dass die Umgebungsluft anstelle der Nut über die Rillen in den Innenraum der Buchse gelangt. Zum Abkühlen der Buchse kann beispielsweise T rockeneis verwendet werden. It is also advantageous if the bushing is connected to the housing by pressing in, in particular cold stretching or shrinking. In the case of cold expansion, the bushing to be inserted into the housing is cooled or shrunk and then pressed into the housing. The expansion of the socket when heated creates a positive connection between socket and housing. By cooling the bushing, the formation of small grooves in the outer wall of the bushing due to friction can also be avoided during the press-in process. Such grooves could otherwise lead to the ambient air entering the interior of the socket via the grooves instead of the groove. Dry ice, for example, can be used to cool the socket.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist an einem dem Messelement zugewandten Endbereich der Buchse ein Abschnitt mit einer Vergrößerung des Außendurchmessers der Buchse angeordnet, wobei das Gehäuse einen Abschnitt mit einer Vergrößerung des Innendurchmessers aufweist, welcher mit dem Abschnitt mit der Vergrößerung des Außendurchmessers der Buchse korrespondiert. Die korrespondierenden Abschnitte der Vergrößerung des Außendurchmessers der Buchse und der Vergrößerung des Innendurchmessers des Gehäuses fügen nach Einbringen der Buchse in das Gehäuse gasdicht ineinander. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Umgebungsluft aus der Referenzdruckzuführung nicht durch den dem Messelement zugewandten Endbereich der Buchse in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors dringt. Die Vergrößerung des Außendurchmessers der Buchse kann beispielsweise eine Kante oder eine Schulter sein. In a further embodiment, a section with an enlargement of the outside diameter of the bushing is arranged on an end region of the bushing facing the measuring element, the housing having a section with an enlargement of the inside diameter which corresponds to the section with the enlargement of the outside diameter of the bushing. The corresponding sections of the enlargement of the outside diameter of the bushing and the enlargement of the inside diameter of the housing fit into one another in a gastight manner after the bushing has been introduced into the housing. This ensures that the ambient air from the reference pressure supply does not penetrate into the interior of the relative pressure sensor through the end region of the socket facing the measuring element. The enlargement of the outer diameter of the socket can be, for example, an edge or a shoulder.
Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung beinhaltet, dass an der dem Messelement zugewandten Endbereich der Buchse eine Bodenfläche angeordnet ist, welche die Buchse senkrecht zur Längsachse der Buchse verschließt, wobei die Bodenfläche mindestens eine Öffnung für die Durchführung der Anschlussleitungen der Elektronik und der Referenzdruckzuführung aufweist. Die Anordnung der Bodenfläche mit mindestens einer Öffnung führt zu einer räumlichen Abgrenzung der Buchse von der T rocknungskammer und dem Messelement. Trocknungskammer sind häufig mit Formkörpern versehen, welche Feuchtigkeit aus der Referenzdruckzuführung aufnehmen können und damit Feuchtigkeit anziehen. Mitunter kann die Geschwindigkeit der Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme durch die Trocknungskammer recht hoch sein. Bei einer Buchse ohne Bodenfläche steht der T rocknungskammer das Volumen des Innenraums des Relativdrucksensors zur Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme zur Verfügung. Wenn die Umgebungsluft im Innenraum der Buchse ständig durch die Trocknungskammer getrocknet wird, beschleunigt dies die Diffusion von Feuchtigkeit durch die Nut in den Innenraum der Buchse. Durch die Anordnung der Bodenfläche samt ihrer Öffnung wird dieser Effekt verkleinert. A preferred embodiment includes that on the end area of the socket facing the measuring element, a bottom surface is arranged which closes the socket perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the socket, the bottom surface having at least one opening for the lead-through of the connecting lines of the electronics and the reference pressure supply. The arrangement of the bottom surface with at least one opening leads to a spatial delimitation of the socket from the drying chamber and the measuring element. Drying chambers are often provided with shaped bodies which can absorb moisture from the reference pressure supply and thus attract moisture. The rate at which moisture is absorbed by the drying chamber can sometimes be quite high. In the case of a socket without a bottom surface, the volume of the interior space of the relative pressure sensor is available to the drying chamber for moisture absorption. If the ambient air in the interior of the socket is constantly dried by the drying chamber, this accelerates the diffusion of moisture through the groove into the interior of the socket. This effect is reduced by the arrangement of the floor area including its opening.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Bodenfläche der Buchse als ein Verguss oder eine Glasdurchführung ausgestaltet. Damit kann die Bodenfläche auch nach Einpressen der Buchse noch eingebracht werden. Der Verguss und auch die Glasdurchführung weisen dabei eine hohe Dichtigkeit an der Kontaktfläche zwischen der Bodenfläche und der Buchse auf, so dass die Referenzdruckzufuhr ausschließlich durch die mindestens eine Öffnung der Bodenfläche geführt wird. The bottom surface of the socket is advantageously designed as a potting or a glass leadthrough. This means that the bottom surface can still be inserted after the bushing has been pressed in. The potting and also the glass leadthrough have a high degree of tightness at the contact surface between the bottom surface and the socket, so that the reference pressure supply is guided exclusively through the at least one opening in the bottom surface.
Bevorzugt ist die Referenzdruckzuführung abschnittsweise als ein feuchtedurchlässiger Schlauch ausgestaltet, wobei der Schlauch in die mindestens eine Öffnung der Bodenfläche derart eingefügt ist, dass die Referenzdruckzufuhr von einem Innenraum der Buchse durch die Trocknungskammer zu dem Messelement ausschließlich durch den Schlauch erfolgt. Der Einsatz eines Schlauchs sorgt hierbei für eine Verkleinerung des Luftvolumens in der Referenzdruckzuführung im Vergleich zu einer Anordnung ohne Schlauch. Dies dient ebenso dazu, die Geschwindigkeit der Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme der Trocknungskammer zu begrenzen. Die Feuchtigkeit aus der Umgebungslift innerhalb der Referenzdruckzuführung kann aus der feuchtedurchlässigen Wand des Schlauchs diffundieren und von der Trocknungskammer adsorbiert werden. The reference pressure supply is preferably configured in sections as a moisture-permeable hose, the hose being inserted into the at least one opening in the floor surface in such a way that the reference pressure supply from an interior of the socket through the drying chamber to the measuring element takes place exclusively through the hose. The use of a hose ensures a reduction in the volume of air in the reference pressure supply compared to an arrangement without a hose. This also serves to limit the rate at which the drying chamber absorbs moisture. The moisture from the ambient lift within the reference pressure supply can diffuse out of the moisture-permeable wall of the hose and be adsorbed by the drying chamber.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausgestaltung weist die Trocknungskammer ein Trockenmodul für die Aufnahme eines feuchteadsorbierenden Materials oder einen Formkörper auf, welcher eine Polymermatrix und Zeolith umfasst. Die Trocknungskammer kann dabei von der Referenzdruckzuführung bzw. dem Schlauch durch eine feuchtedurchlässige Wand getrennt sein. In an additional embodiment, the drying chamber has a drying module for receiving a moisture adsorbing material or a shaped body which comprises a polymer matrix and zeolite. The drying chamber can be separated from the reference pressure feed or the hose by a moisture-permeable wall.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Zeichnung Fig. 1 - 2 näher erläutert. Es zeigt: The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following drawing FIGS. 1-2. It shows:
Fig. 1 eine Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Relativdrucksensors mit der Buchse, welche im Gehäuse angeordnet ist, und Fig. 2 eine Ausgestaltung der Nut vor und nach Einpressen der Buchse in das Gehäuse. 1 shows an embodiment of the relative pressure sensor according to the invention with the socket, which is arranged in the housing, and 2 shows an embodiment of the groove before and after the bushing is pressed into the housing.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist auf eine Vielzahl von Relativdrucksensoren anwendbar, welche auf verschiedenen Messprinzipien beruhen. Relativdrucksensoren dienen zur Bestimmung eines Drucks p1 eines Mediums in Bezug auf einen Atmosphärendruck p2, mit einem Gehäuse, einem Messelement, welches in dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei eine mit dem Medium in Kontakt stehende Außenfläche des Messelements mit dem zu messenden Druck p1 beaufschlagt ist, einer Referenzdruckzuführung, welche einer Innenfläche des Messelements den Atmosphärendruck p2 in Form von Umgebungsluft zuführt, einer Auswerteeinheit, welche aus einer mit dem Messelement bestimmtenThe present invention can be applied to a large number of relative pressure sensors which are based on different measurement principles. Relative pressure sensors are used to determine a pressure p1 of a medium in relation to an atmospheric pressure p2, with a housing, a measuring element which is arranged in the housing, with an outer surface of the measuring element in contact with the medium being acted upon by the pressure p1 to be measured, a reference pressure feed, which feeds the atmospheric pressure p2 in the form of ambient air to an inner surface of the measuring element, an evaluation unit, which is determined from a with the measuring element
Größe den Druck p1 des Mediums bestimmt, und mit mindestens einer in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Trocknungskammer zur Aufnahme von Luftfeuchte aus der durch die Referenzdruckzuführung zugeführten Umgebungsluft. Entsprechende Relativdrucksensoren werden von der Anmelderin beispielsweise unter dem Begriff „Cerabar“ und „Ceraphant“ hergestellt und vertrieben. Size determines the pressure p1 of the medium, and with at least one drying chamber arranged in the housing for absorbing air humidity from the ambient air supplied by the reference pressure feed. Corresponding relative pressure sensors are manufactured and sold by the applicant for example under the terms “Cerabar” and “Ceraphant”.
Der Relativdrucksensor 1 in Fig. 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 3, eine T rocknungskammer 7, eine Referenzdruckzuführung 5, ein Messelement 4 und eine Auswerteeinheit 6. In der Außenwandung des Gehäuses 3 befindet sich eine Öffnung 8 für die Referenzdruckzuführung 5, welche die Umgebungsluft in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors 1 eintreten lässt. Die Öffnung 8 führt in die kapillarförmige und zumindest abschnittsweise spiralförmige Nut 11 in der dem Gehäuse 3 zugewandten Außenwandung der zylindrischen Buchse 9, welche in das Gehäuse 3 eingepresst ist. Durch die Buchse 9 verlaufen zudem Anschlussleitungen der Elektronik 10. In Fig. 1 ist die Nut 11 vollständig spiralförmig ausgebildet. Andere Möglichkeiten der Ausgestaltung der Nut 11 hinsichtlich ihrer Form und Länge sind damit nicht ausgeschlossen. Zudem beginnt die Nut 11 in einem Endbereich der Buchse 9 und endet im gegenüberliegenden Endbereich der Buchse 9, so dass eine möglichst große Länge der Nut 11 erreicht wird. Die Umgebungsluft wird ausschließlich durch die Öffnung 8 und entlang der Nut 11 von der Umgebung in den Innenraum der Buchse 9 geführt. The relative pressure sensor 1 in Fig. 1 comprises a housing 3, a drying chamber 7, a reference pressure feed 5, a measuring element 4 and an evaluation unit 6. In the outer wall of the housing 3 there is an opening 8 for the reference pressure feed 5, which the ambient air in the Interior of the relative pressure sensor 1 can enter. The opening 8 leads into the capillary-shaped and at least partially spiral-shaped groove 11 in the outer wall of the cylindrical bush 9 facing the housing 3, which is pressed into the housing 3. Connection lines of the electronics 10 also run through the socket 9. In FIG. 1, the groove 11 is completely spiral-shaped. Other possibilities for the design of the groove 11 with regard to its shape and length are therefore not excluded. In addition, the groove 11 begins in one end region of the bushing 9 and ends in the opposite end region of the bushing 9, so that the greatest possible length of the groove 11 is achieved. The ambient air is guided exclusively through the opening 8 and along the groove 11 from the environment into the interior of the socket 9.
Die Länge sowie der Querschnitt der Nut 11 sind wichtig für das Verlangsamen des Eintritts der Feuchtigkeit in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors 1 , aber auch für den Fall eines starken Temperaturabfalls. Bei einer Temperaturreduzierung wird die Umgebungsluft innerhalb der Relativdruckzuführung 5 komprimiert und damit zusätzlich neue Umgebungsluft aus der Umgebung aufgenommen. Deshalb ist die Nut 11 derartig ausgestaltet, dass bei jeglichem Temperaturabfall innerhalb des Betriebsbereichs des Relativdrucksensors 1 bereits in der Nut 11 vorhandene Umgebungsluft niemals vollständig in den Innenraum des Relativdrucksensors 1 gesogen wird. In Fig. 1 ist die Buchse 9 aus Messing oder Bronze und das Gehäuse 3 aus Edelstahl gefertigt, um die Buchse 9 besonders einfach in das Gehäuse 3 pressen zu können. Andere Ausgestaltungen von Buchse 9 und Gehäuse 3 sind damit nicht ausgeschlossen. Die Buchse 9 aus Messing oder Bronze ist mittels Kaltdehnen mit dem Gehäuse 3 verbunden. The length and the cross section of the groove 11 are important for slowing down the entry of moisture into the interior of the relative pressure sensor 1, but also in the event of a sharp drop in temperature. When the temperature is reduced, the ambient air is compressed within the relative pressure feed 5 and thus new ambient air is additionally taken in from the environment. The groove 11 is therefore designed in such a way that, in the event of any temperature drop within the operating range of the relative pressure sensor 1, ambient air already present in the groove 11 is never completely sucked into the interior of the relative pressure sensor 1. In FIG. 1, the socket 9 is made of brass or bronze and the housing 3 is made of stainless steel in order to be able to press the socket 9 into the housing 3 in a particularly simple manner. Other configurations of the socket 9 and the housing 3 are not excluded. The bushing 9 made of brass or bronze is connected to the housing 3 by means of cold expansion.
Die Buchse 9 weist zudem einen Abschnitt mit einer Vergrößerung des Außendurchmessers 12a auf, welcher dem Messelement 4 zugewandt ist. Das Gehäuse 3 weist einen zu diesem Abschnitt der Buchse 12a korrespondierenden Abschnitt 12b mit einer Vergrößerung des Innendurchmessers auf. In Fig. 1 sind die korrespondierenden Abschnitte 12a, b jeweils als ein Absatz ausgestaltet, wobei auch andere Ausgestaltungen möglich sind. Nach Einpressen der Buchse 9 in das Gehäuse 3 fügen die beiden korrespondierenden Absätze 12a,b gasdicht miteinander. The socket 9 also has a section with an enlargement of the outer diameter 12 a, which faces the measuring element 4. The housing 3 has a section 12b which corresponds to this section of the bushing 12a and has an enlargement of the inside diameter. In FIG. 1, the corresponding sections 12a, b are each configured as a shoulder, other configurations also being possible. After the bushing 9 has been pressed into the housing 3, the two corresponding shoulders 12a, b join together in a gas-tight manner.
In einem Endbereich in Richtung des Messelements 4 ist die Buchse 9 senkrecht zu ihrer Längsachse mit einer Bodenfläche 13 verschlossen. In Fig. 1 ist die Bodenfläche 13 als Glasdurchführung ausgestaltet, es wäre jedoch doch auch ein Verguss oder eine weitere Form einer Bodenfläche 13 denkbar. In der Bodenfläche 13 sind zwei Öffnungen 14 für die Durchführung der Anschlussleitungen der Elektronik 10 und der Referenzdruckzuführung 5 vorgesehen. In eine Öffnung 14 der Bodenfläche 13 ist ein feuchtedurchlässiger Schlauch 15 eingefügt, wobei die Referenzdruckzufuhr 5 von einem Innenraum der Buchse 9 durch die Trocknungskammer 7 zu dem Messelement 4 ausschließlich durch den Schlauch 15 erfolgt. In an end area in the direction of the measuring element 4, the socket 9 is closed with a bottom surface 13 perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. In FIG. 1, the bottom surface 13 is designed as a glass leadthrough, but potting or a further form of a bottom surface 13 would also be conceivable. In the bottom surface 13, two openings 14 are provided for the passage of the connecting lines of the electronics 10 and the reference pressure feed 5. A moisture-permeable hose 15 is inserted into an opening 14 of the bottom surface 13, the reference pressure supply 5 taking place exclusively through the hose 15 from an interior of the socket 9 through the drying chamber 7 to the measuring element 4.
Die Trocknungskammer 7 weist einen Formkörper auf, welcher eine Polymermatrix und Zeolith umfasst, oder ein Trockenmodul für die Aufnahme eines feuchteadsorbierenden Materials. Der Schlauch 15 führt durch die T rocknungskammer 7 zum Messelement 4. Durch die feuchtedurchlässige Wand des Schlauchs 15 diffundiert die Feuchtigkeit aus der Referenzdruckzuführung 5 und wird von der Trocknungskammer 7 adsorbiert. In den Figuren Fig. 2a und Fig. 2b wird eine mögliche Ausgestaltung des spiralförmigen Abschnitts der Nut 11 gezeigt. Die Nut 11 in Fig. 2a ist als Gewinde ausgestaltet. Beim Einpressen der Buchse 9 in das Gehäuse 3 kommt es zu einer Verformung der Außenwandung der Buchse 9, was zu einer Abflachung der Außenwandung des Gewindes führt (Fig. 2b). Der abgeflachte Abschnitt der Außenwandung sorgt nun für die hermetische Dichtigkeit zwischen dem Gehäuse 3 und der Buchse 9 in dem Bereich der Abflachung. Dadurch kann die Umgebungsluft nur entlang der Nut 11 in den Innenraum der Buchse 9 eintreten. Bezugszeichenliste The drying chamber 7 has a shaped body which comprises a polymer matrix and zeolite, or a drying module for receiving a moisture adsorbing material. The hose 15 leads through the drying chamber 7 to the measuring element 4. The moisture from the reference pressure supply 5 diffuses through the moisture-permeable wall of the hose 15 and is adsorbed by the drying chamber 7. A possible configuration of the spiral-shaped section of the groove 11 is shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b. The groove 11 in Fig. 2a is designed as a thread. When the bushing 9 is pressed into the housing 3, the outer wall of the bushing 9 is deformed, which leads to a flattening of the outer wall of the thread (FIG. 2b). The flattened section of the outer wall now ensures the hermetic seal between the housing 3 and the socket 9 in the area of the flattened area. As a result, the ambient air can only enter the interior of the socket 9 along the groove 11. List of reference symbols
1 Relativdrucksensor 1 relative pressure sensor
2 Medium 2 medium
3 Gehäuse 3 housing
4 Messelement 4 measuring element
5 Referenzdruckzuführung 5 Reference pressure feed
6 Auswerteeinheit 6 evaluation unit
7 Trocknungskammer 7 drying chamber
8 Öffnung des Gehäuses 8 Opening the housing
9 Buchse 9 socket
10 Anschlussleitungen der Elektronik 10 connecting cables of the electronics
11 Nut 11 groove
12a Abschnitt der Buchse mit einer Vergrößerung des12a section of the socket with an enlargement of the
Außendurchmessers Outside diameter
12b Abschnitt des Gehäuses mit einer Vergrößerung des Innendurchmessers 12b Section of the housing with an enlargement of the inner diameter
13 Bodenfläche 13 floor space
14 Öffnung der Bodenfläche 14 Opening of the floor area
15 Schlauch 15 hose
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019132724.5A DE102019132724A1 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Relative pressure sensor with reference pressure supply |
PCT/EP2020/082847 WO2021110430A1 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2020-11-20 | Relative-pressure sensor comprising a reference-pressure supply |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4070060A1 true EP4070060A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
Family
ID=73543251
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20811279.7A Withdrawn EP4070060A1 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2020-11-20 | Relative-pressure sensor comprising a reference-pressure supply |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US12050145B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4070060A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114761775A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019132724A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021110430A1 (en) |
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DE102021133183A1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-15 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Relative pressure sensor for determining a first pressure of a medium |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3273215B1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-09-05 | VEGA Grieshaber KG | Relative pressure sensor |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CH255745A (en) * | 1947-06-28 | 1948-07-15 | Haenni & Cie Ag | Shock absorbers for pressure measuring devices. |
JPH08304201A (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1996-11-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Pressure sensor element and its pressure sensor |
DE29620122U1 (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1997-01-09 | Karl Küfner KG, 72461 Albstadt | Throttle device with spiral throttle lines |
DE10200780A1 (en) | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-24 | Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg | Relative pressure sensor |
DE10316033A1 (en) | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-21 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Relativdruckmeßumformer |
DE102007000143B4 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2010-07-15 | Wika Alexander Wiegand Gmbh & Co. Kg | Acetylene pressure gauge with protective choke |
WO2011124418A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-13 | Endress+Hauser Gmbh+Co. Kg | Relative pressure sensor |
DE102010003709A1 (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-13 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Relative pressure sensor for determining pressure of medium regarding atmospheric pressure, has pressure supply lines comprising opening such that moist air present in pressure supply lines is contacted with drying chamber |
DE102011080142A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Composite material, shaped article, electronic device with a shaped article, and method for the production of a shaped article |
DE102011082624A1 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2013-03-14 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Drying body comprises two molded partial bodies which respectively have composite material containing an adsorbent material in a porous polymer matrix, and adhesive area, which connects the partial bodies to each other |
DE102012103585A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-24 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | pressure transducers |
DE102014108780A1 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-24 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Drying module for a relative pressure transducer |
-
2019
- 2019-12-02 DE DE102019132724.5A patent/DE102019132724A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-11-20 WO PCT/EP2020/082847 patent/WO2021110430A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-11-20 EP EP20811279.7A patent/EP4070060A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-11-20 US US17/756,817 patent/US12050145B2/en active Active
- 2020-11-20 CN CN202080083514.1A patent/CN114761775A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3273215B1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-09-05 | VEGA Grieshaber KG | Relative pressure sensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN114761775A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
US12050145B2 (en) | 2024-07-30 |
US20220412830A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
DE102019132724A1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
WO2021110430A1 (en) | 2021-06-10 |
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