[go: up one dir, main page]

EP4045230B1 - Beschichteter schleifartikel und verfahren zur herstellung davon - Google Patents

Beschichteter schleifartikel und verfahren zur herstellung davon Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4045230B1
EP4045230B1 EP20793815.0A EP20793815A EP4045230B1 EP 4045230 B1 EP4045230 B1 EP 4045230B1 EP 20793815 A EP20793815 A EP 20793815A EP 4045230 B1 EP4045230 B1 EP 4045230B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abrasive
precisely
shaped
abrasive particles
cavities
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20793815.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4045230A1 (de
Inventor
Yuyang LIU
Ann M. Hawkins
Geoffrey I. WILSON
Brian G. Koethe
Ernest L. Thurber
Negus B. Adefris
Junting LI
Fay T. Salmon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Innovative Properties Co
Original Assignee
3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=72964760&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP4045230(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by 3M Innovative Properties Co filed Critical 3M Innovative Properties Co
Publication of EP4045230A1 publication Critical patent/EP4045230A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4045230B1 publication Critical patent/EP4045230B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0072—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
    • B24D11/005—Making abrasive webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
    • B24D3/002—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D2201/00—Bushings or mountings integral with the grinding wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D2203/00—Tool surfaces formed with a pattern

Definitions

  • the present disclosure broadly relates to coated abrasive articles and methods of making and using the same.
  • Coated abrasive articles comprise abrasive particles adhered to a backing by a material comprising a first crosslinked polymeric resin (commonly known as a make layer or make coat).
  • a second crosslinked polymeric resin commonly known as a size layer or size coat
  • a third layer is disposed upon the size layer. If present, the supersize typically contains grinding aid and/or antiloading components.
  • shaped abrasive particles e.g., triangular platelets
  • the shaped abrasive particles tip substantially from their original orientation before curing of the make layer precursor resin that forms the make layer.
  • WO 2015/100018 A1 discloses a method of making a coated abrasive article, the method comprising sequential steps:
  • WO 2011/068724 A2 discloses a coated abrasive article comprising: a backing having a first major surface; a make layer disposed on and secured to the backing;an abrasive layer contacting and secured to the make layer, wherein the abrasive layer comprises precisely-shaped abrasive platelets and diluent abrasive particles, wherein the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets comprise a second major surface disposed at a dihedral angle of less than or equal to 60 degrees relative to the first major surface of the backing and a size layer disposed over the make layer and the abrasive layer.
  • US 2003/207659 A1 is considered to be the starting point for the invention according to claim 1. It discloses a coated abrasive article comprising: a backing having a major surface; a make layer disposed on and secured to the backing; an abrasive layer contacting and secured to the make layer, wherein the abrasive layer comprises islands diluent abrasive particles, and wherein the islands are isolated one from another.
  • the present invention provides practical solutions to both problems with a coated abrasive article according to appended claim 1.
  • the coated abrasive article comprises additional features / steps as defined by the dependent claims.
  • the term “length” refers to the maximum dimension of an abrasive particle or cavity.
  • Width refers to the maximum dimension of the abrasive particle that is perpendicular to the length.
  • the terms “thickness” or “height” refer to the dimension of the precisely-shaped abrasive particle or cavity that is perpendicular to the length and width.
  • one exemplary method 100 of making a coated abrasive article not according to the present invention provides a production tool 110 comprising a carrier member 115 and a dispensing surface 112. Precisely-shaped cavities 120 extend from cavity openings 114 at the dispensing surface 112 and extend into carrier member 115.
  • Such tools are widely known and used in the production of coated abrasive articles and typically have the form of a metal roll, a polymeric sheet, a polymeric roll sleeve, or a polymeric belt.
  • precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 130 are disposed within the precisely-shaped cavities 120 thereby orienting them.
  • Diluent abrasive particles 140 are then disposed onto the dispensing surface 112 of the production tool 110.
  • the abrasive-particle-laden dispensing surface 112 of the production tool 110 is then contacted with a make layer precursor 150 disposed on a backing 160.
  • the make layer precursor 150 is sufficiently adherent that separation of the backing and make layer precursor combination from the dispensing surface 112 transfers the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 130 and diluent abrasive particles 140 from the production tool 110 to the make layer precursor 150.
  • Subsequent (not shown) curing of the make layer precursor, and the application and curing of a size layer precursor results in a coated abrasive article (not shown).
  • exemplary method 200 (see FIG. 2 ) of making a coated abrasive article not according to the present invention provides a production tool 210 comprising a carrier member 205 and a dispensing surface 212.
  • Precisely-shaped cavities 220 extend from cavity openings 214 at the dispensing surface 212 and extend into carrier member 205 at an incline.
  • precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 230 are disposed within the precisely-shaped cavities 220 thereby orienting them, in some preferred embodiments at an incline.
  • Diluent abrasive particles 240 are then disposed onto the dispensing surface 212 of the production tool 210 such that some of the diluent abrasive particles become lodged within the precisely-shaped cavities, accumulate on top of the dispensing surface.
  • the abrasive particle laden dispensing surface 212 of the production tool 210 is then contacted with a make layer precursor 250 disposed on a backing 260.
  • the make layer precursor 250 is sufficiently adherent that optional separation of the backing and make layer precursor combination from the dispensing surface 212 transfers the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 230 and diluent abrasive particles 240 from the production tool 210 to the make layer precursor 250.
  • Subsequent (not shown) curing of the make layer precursor, and the application and curing of a size layer precursor results in a coated abrasive article (not shown).
  • exemplary method 300 of making a coated abrasive article not according to the present invention provides a production tool 310.
  • Precisely-shaped cavities 320 have cavity openings 314.
  • Precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 330 are disposed within the precisely-shaped cavities 320.
  • Diluent abrasive particles 340 are then disposed into the cavities alongside the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 330.
  • the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 330 and diluent abrasive particles 340 are disposed adjacent one another. Subsequent (not shown) curing of the make layer precursor, and the application and curing of a size layer precursor results in a coated abrasive article (not shown).
  • exemplary method 400 of making a coated abrasive article not according to the present invention provides a production tool 410.
  • Precisely-shaped cavities 420 have cavity openings 414.
  • Precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 430 are disposed within the precisely-shaped cavities 420 assisting in orienting them vertically.
  • Diluent abrasive particles 440 are then disposed into the cavities alongside the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 430.
  • the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 430 and diluent abrasive particles 440 are disposed adjacent one another. Subsequent (not shown) curing of the make layer precursor, and the application and curing of a size layer precursor results in a coated abrasive article (not shown).
  • exemplary method 500 of making a coated abrasive article not according to the present invention provides a production tool 510.
  • Precisely-shaped cavities 520 have cavity openings 514.
  • Precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 530 are disposed within the precisely-shaped cavities 520 assisting in orienting them vertically.
  • Diluent abrasive particles 540 are then disposed into the cavities alongside the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 530.
  • the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 530 and diluent abrasive particles 540 are disposed adjacent one another. Subsequent (not shown) curing of the make layer precursor, and the application and curing of a size layer precursor results in a coated abrasive article (not shown).
  • the openings of the precisely-shaped cavities are arranged in a rectangular or rotationally symmetrical array, although this is not a requirement.
  • the cavities may be shaped as square pyramids, square frustopyramids, cones, or frustoconical cavities.
  • the openings of the cavities at the dispensing surface are rectangular; however, this is not a requirement.
  • the length, width, and depth of the cavities in the carrier member will generally be determined at least in part by the shape and size of the abrasive particles with which they are to be used.
  • the lengths of individual cavities are preferably 1.1 to 1.2 times the maximum length of a side of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets
  • the widths of individual cavities are preferably from 1.1-2.5 times the thickness of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets
  • the respective depths of the cavities should are preferably 1.0 to 1.2 times the width of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets if they are to be wholly contained within the cavities, less if they are not.
  • larger dimensions may be useful, and with be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the lengths of individual cavities may preferably be less than that of an edge of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets, and/or the respective depths of the cavities should be less than that of the width of the abrasive particles if the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets are to protrude from the cavities.
  • the width of the cavities should be selected such that a single abrasive particle fits within each one of the cavities.
  • the width of the cavities should be selected such that at least a single precisely-shaped abrasive particle fits within each one of the cavities.
  • the cavity openings may be angled and offset from adjacent openings.
  • the carrier member can be in the form of, for example, an endless belt, a sheet, a continuous sheet or web, a coating roll, a sleeve mounted on a coating roll, or die. If the production tool is in the form of a belt, sheet, web, or sleeve, it will have a contacting surface and a non-contacting surface. If the production tool is in the form of a roll, it will have a contacting surface only.
  • the carrier member can be made, for example, according to the following procedure.
  • a master tool is first provided.
  • the master tool is typically made from, or plated with, metal, e.g., nickel.
  • the master tool can be fabricated by any conventional technique, such as, for example, engraving, hobbing, knurling, electroforming, diamond turning, or laser machining. If a pattern is desired on the surface of the production tool, the master tool should have the inverse of the pattern for the production tool on the surface thereof.
  • the thermoplastic material can be embossed with the master tool to form the pattern. Embossing can be conducted while the thermoplastic material is in a flowable state. After being embossed, the thermoplastic material can be cooled to bring about solidification.
  • the carrier member may also be formed by embossing a pattern into an already formed polymer film softened by heating.
  • the film thickness may be less than the cavity depth. This is advantageous in improving the flexibility of carriers having deep cavities.
  • the carrier member comprises metal and/or organic polymer.
  • organic polymers are preferably moldable, have low cost, and are reasonably durable when used in the abrasive particle deposition process of the present invention.
  • organic polymers which may be thermosetting and/or thermoplastic, that may be suitable for fabricating the carrier member include: polypropylene, polyethylene, vulcanized rubber, polycarbonates, polyamides, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic (ABS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PET), polyimides, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketone (PEK), and polyoxymethylene plastic (POM, acetal), poly(ether sulfone), poly(methyl methacrylate), polyurethanes, polyvinyl chloride, and combinations thereof.
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PET polybutylene tere
  • the carrier member can also be made of a cured thermosetting resin.
  • a production tool made of thermosetting material can be made according to the following procedure. An uncured thermosetting resin is applied to a master tool of the type described previously. While the uncured resin is on the surface of the master tool, it can be cured or polymerized by heating such that it will set to have the inverse shape of the pattern of the surface of the master tool. Then, the cured thermosetting resin is removed from the surface of the master tool.
  • the production tool can be made of a cured radiation curable resin, such as, for example acrylated urethane oligomers. Radiation cured production tools are made in the same manner as production tools made of thermosetting resin, with the exception that curing is conducted by means of exposure to radiation (e.g., ultraviolet radiation).
  • the carrier member may have any thickness as long as it has sufficient depth to accommodate the abrasive particles and sufficient flexibility and durability for use in manufacturing processes. If the carrier member comprises an endless belt, then carrier member thicknesses of from about 0.5 to about 10 millimeters are typically useful; however, this is not a requirement.
  • a resilient compressible layer may be secured to the non-dispensing surface of the carrier member, regardless of whether the cavities extend through to the back surface. This may facilitate web handling and/or abrasive particle removal from the cavities.
  • the resilient compressible layer comprises shaped recesses aligned in registration with the respective second opening of each one of at least a portion of the cavities abrasive particles in the cavities that extend into the shaped recesses may be mechanically urged out of the cavities by pressure applied against the resilient compressible layer. This may occur, for example, by compression at a nip roll where the abrasive particle positioning system contacts a make coat precursor on a backing during manufacture of coated abrasive articles.
  • the resilient compressible layer may have any thickness, with the specific choice of abrasive particles and equipment condition determining the selection of thickness, composition, and/or durometer. If the resilient compressible layer comprises an endless belt, then resilient compressible layer thicknesses of from about 1 to about 25 millimeters are typically useful, but this is not a requirement.
  • Exemplary materials suitable for the resilient compressible layers include elastic foams (e.g., polyurethane foams), rubbers, silicones, and combinations thereof.
  • the pattern of the contacting surface of the production tool will generally be characterized by a plurality of cavities or recesses.
  • the opening of these cavities can have any shape, regular or irregular, such as, for example, a rectangle, semi-circle, circle, triangle, square, hexagon, or octagon.
  • the walls of the cavities can be vertical or tapered.
  • the pattern formed by the cavities can be arranged according to a predetermined plan or can be random.
  • the cavities can butt up against one another.
  • the cavities can be separated from each other by distance (e.g., at least 0.1 mm, at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.3 mm, at least 0.4 mm, at least 0.5 mm, at least 1 mm, at least 2 mm, at least 3 mm, at least 4 mm, or even at least 5 mm).
  • the orientation and any incline of the cavities will be chosen such that the finished coated abrasive will have the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets aligned such that the abrading performance will be substantially optimized for its intended use.
  • the abrasive particles e.g., the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets and diluent abrasive particles
  • the abrasive particles have sufficient hardness and surface roughness to function as abrasive particles in abrading processes.
  • Abrasive particles may include organic and/or inorganic particles.
  • suitable inorganic abrasive particles include: fused aluminum oxide; heat-treated aluminum oxide; white fused aluminum oxide; ceramic aluminum oxide materials such as those commercially available under the trade designation 3M CERAMIC ABRASIVE GRAIN from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN; brown aluminum oxide; blue aluminum oxide; silicon carbide (including green silicon carbide); titanium diboride; boron carbide; tungsten carbide; garnet; titanium carbide; diamond; cubic boron nitride; garnet; fused alumina zirconia; iron oxide; chromia; zirconia; titania; tin oxide; quartz; feldspar; flint; emery; sol-gel-derived abrasive particles (e.g., including both precisely-shaped and crushed forms); and combinations thereof.
  • 3M CERAMIC ABRASIVE GRAIN from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN
  • brown aluminum oxide blue aluminum oxide
  • silicon carbide including green silicon carbide
  • titanium diboride boro
  • the abrasive particles (especially precisely-shaped abrasive platelets) comprise sol-gel-derived alpha-alumina particles.
  • Abrasive particles composed of crystallites of alpha-alumina, magnesium alumina spinel, and a rare earth hexagonal aluminate may be prepared using sol-gel precursor alpha alumina particles according to methods described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,213,591 (Celikkaya et al. ) and U.S. Publ. Pat. Appln. Nos. 2009/0165394 A1 (Culler et al. ) and 2009/0169816 A1 (Erickson et al. ).
  • Alpha-alumina-based precisely-shaped abrasive particles can be made according to a well-known multistep processes. Briefly, the method comprises the steps of making either a seeded or non-seeded sol-gel alpha-alumina precursor dispersion that can be converted into alpha-alumina; filling one or more mold cavities having the desired outer shape of the precisely-shaped abrasive particle with the sol-gel, drying the sol-gel to form precursor precisely-shaped ceramic abrasive particles; removing the precursor precisely-shaped ceramic abrasive particles from the mold cavities; calcining the precursor precisely-shaped ceramic abrasive particles to form calcined, precursor precisely-shaped ceramic abrasive particles, and then sintering the calcined, precursor precisely-shaped ceramic abrasive particles to form precisely-shaped ceramic abrasive particles.
  • sol-gel-derived precisely-shaped alpha-alumina (i.e., ceramic) abrasive particles can be found in U. S. Pat. Nos. 5,201,916 (Berg ); 5,366,523 (Rowenhorst ( Re 35,570 )); 5,984,988 (Berg ); 8,142,531 (Adefris et al. ); 8,142,891 (Culler et al. ); and 8,142,532 (Erickson et al. ); and in U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. Nos. 2012/0227333 (Adefris et al .); 2013/0040537 (Schwabel et al .); and 2013/0125477 (Adefris ).
  • the base and the top of the precisely-shaped abrasive particles are substantially parallel, resulting in prismatic or truncated pyramidal shapes, although this is not a requirement.
  • the sides of a truncated trigonal pyramid have equal dimensions and form dihedral angles with the base of about 82 degrees.
  • dihedral angles including 90 degrees
  • the dihedral angle between the base and each of the sides may independently range from 45 to 90 degrees, typically 70 to 90 degrees, more typically 75 to 85 degrees.
  • Suitable organic abrasive particles may be formed from a thermoplastic polymer and/or a thermosetting polymer.
  • Organic abrasive particles can be formed from a thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate, polyetherimide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethacrylate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene, polysulfone, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, polypropylene, acetal polymers, polyurethanes, polyamide, and combinations thereof.
  • the organic abrasive particle may be a mixture of a thermoplastic polymer and a thermosetting polymer.
  • Other suitable organic abrasive particles include natural products such as nut shells.
  • the abrasive particles could comprise abrasive agglomerates such, for example, as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,652,275 (Bloecher et al. ), 4,799,939 (Bloecher et al. ), 6,521,004 (Culler et al. ), or 6,881,483 (McArdle et al. ). It is further contemplated that the abrasive particles could comprise precisely-shaped polymeric particles which comprise an organic binder and optional abrasive particles, such as those described in US 5,714,259 (Holmes et al. ).
  • shaped abrasive composites of abrasive particles in a binder matrix such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,152,917 (Pieper et al. ). Many such abrasive particles, agglomerates, and composites are known in the art.
  • the abrasive particles may be surface-treated with a coupling agent (e.g., an organosilane coupling agent) or other physical treatment (e.g., iron oxide or titanium oxide) to enhance adhesion of the abrasive particles to the binder.
  • a coupling agent e.g., an organosilane coupling agent
  • other physical treatment e.g., iron oxide or titanium oxide
  • the abrasive particles may be treated before combining them with the binder, or they may be surface treated in situ by including a coupling agent to the binder.
  • the abrasive particles have a Mohs hardness of at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, or even at least 8.
  • the abrasive particles comprise shaped ceramic abrasive particles (e.g., shaped sol-gel-derived polycrystalline alpha alumina particles) that are generally triangularly-shaped (e.g., a triangular prism or a truncated three-sided pyramid).
  • shaped ceramic abrasive particles e.g., shaped sol-gel-derived polycrystalline alpha alumina particles
  • triangularly-shaped e.g., a triangular prism or a truncated three-sided pyramid.
  • the abrasive particles are typically selected to have a length in a range of from 1 micron to 4 millimeters, more typically 10 microns to about 3 millimeter, and still more typically from 150 to 2600 microns, although other lengths may also be used.
  • the abrasive particles are typically selected to have a width in a range of from 0.1 micron to 3500 microns, more typically 100 microns to 3000 microns, and more typically 100 microns to 2600 microns, although other lengths may also be used.
  • the abrasive particles are typically selected to have a thickness in a range of from 0.1 micron to 1600 microns, more typically from 1 micron to 1200 microns, although other thicknesses may be used.
  • the abrasive particles may have an aspect ratio (length to thickness) of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or more.
  • Surface coatings on the abrasive particles may be used to improve the adhesion between the shaped ceramic abrasive particles and the binder in coated abrasive articles, or can be used to aid in electrostatic deposition of the shaped ceramic abrasive particles.
  • surface coatings as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,352,254 (Celikkaya ) in an amount of 0.1 to 2 percent surface coating to abrasive particle weight may be used.
  • Such surface coatings are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,213,591 (Celikkaya et al. ); 5,011,508 (Wald et al.
  • the surface coating may prevent the shaped abrasive particle from capping.
  • Capping is the term to describe the phenomenon where metal particles from the workpiece being abraded become welded to the tops of the shaped ceramic abrasive particles. Surface coatings to perform the above functions are known to those of skill in the art.
  • the abrasive particles may be independently sized according to an abrasives industry recognized specified nominal grade.
  • Exemplary abrasive industry recognized grading standards include those promulgated by ANSI (American National Standards Institute), FEPA (Federation of European Producers of Abrasives), and JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard).
  • ANSI grade designations include, for example: ANSI 4, ANSI 6, ANSI 8, ANSI 16, ANSI 24, ANSI 36, ANSI 46, ANSI 54, ANSI 60, ANSI 70, ANSI 80, ANSI 90, ANSI 100, ANSI 120, ANSI 150, ANSI 180, ANSI 220, ANSI 240, ANSI 280, ANSI 320, ANSI 360, ANSI 400, and ANSI 600.
  • FEPA grade designations include F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F10, F12, F14, F16, F16, F20, F22, F24, F30, F36, F40, F46, F54, F60, F70, F80, F90, F100, F120, F150, F180, F220, F230, F240, F280, F320, F360, F400, F500, F600, F800, F1000, F1200, F1500, and F2000.
  • JIS grade designations include JIS8, JIS12, JIS16, JIS24, JIS36, JIS46, JIS54, JIS60, JIS80, JIS100, JIS150, JIS180, JIS220, JIS240, JIS280, JIS320, JIS360, JIS400, JIS600, JIS800, JIS1000, JIS1500, JIS2500, JIS4000, JIS6000, JIS8000, and JIS10,000
  • the average diameter of the abrasive particles may be within a range of from 260 to 4000 microns in accordance with FEPA grades F60 to F24.
  • the abrasive particles can be graded to a nominal screened grade using U.S.A. Standard Test Sieves conforming to ASTM E11-17 "Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves".
  • ASTM E11-17 prescribes the requirements for the design and construction of testing sieves using a medium of woven wire cloth mounted in a frame for the classification of materials according to a designated particle size.
  • a typical designation may be represented as -18+20 meaning that the abrasive particles pass through a test sieve meeting ASTM E11-17 specifications for the number 18 sieve and are retained on a test sieve meeting ASTM E11-17 specifications for the number 20 sieve.
  • the abrasive particles have a particle size such that most of the particles pass through an 18 mesh test sieve and can be retained on a 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50 mesh test sieve.
  • the abrasive particles can have a nominal screened grade of: -18+20, -20/+25, -25+30, -30+35, -35+40, 5 -40+45, -45+50, -50+60, -60+70, -70/+80, -80+100, -100+120, -120+140, -140+170, -170+200, -200+230, -230+270, -270+325, -325+400, -400+450, -450+500, or -500+635.
  • a custom mesh size can be used such as -90+100.
  • the precisely-shaped abrasive particles may be deposited into cavities by any suitable method including, for example, dropping and/or wiping, preferably with vibration of the production tool or an air assist.
  • an excess of precisely-shaped abrasive particles is deposited onto the dispensing surface by an abrasive particle feeder such that there are more precisely-shaped abrasive particles present per unit length of the production tool cavities present.
  • Supplying an excess of precisely-shaped abrasive particles helps to ensure substantially all cavities within the production tool are eventually filled with a precisely-shaped abrasive particle. Since the bearing area and spacing of the precisely-shaped abrasive particles is often designed into the production tooling for the specific grinding application it is desirable to not have too many unfilled cavities.
  • the abrasive particle feeder is typically the same width as the production tool (especially if the production tool comprises a roll, roll sleeve, or endless belt, and supplies precisely-shaped abrasive particles across the entire width of the production tool.
  • the abrasive particle feeder can be, for example, a vibratory feeder, a hopper, a chute, a silo, a drop coater, or a screw feeder.
  • a filling assist member is provided after the abrasive particle feeder to move the precisely-shaped abrasive particles around on the surface of the production tool and to help orientate or slide the precisely-shaped abrasive particles into the cavities.
  • the filling assist member can be, for example, a doctor blade, a felt wiper, a brush having a plurality of bristles, a vibration system, a blower or air knife, a vacuum box, or combinations thereof.
  • the filling assist member moves, translates, sucks, or agitates the precisely-shaped abrasive particles on the dispensing surface to place more precisely-shaped abrasive particles into the cavities. Without the filling assist member, generally at least some of precisely-shaped abrasive particles dropped onto the dispensing surface will fall directly into a cavity and no further movement is required but others may need some additional movement to be directed into a cavity.
  • the filling assist member can be oscillated laterally in the cross machine direction or otherwise have a relative motion such as circular or oval to the surface of the production tool using a suitable drive to assist in completely filling each cavity in the production tool with an abrasive particle.
  • the bristles may cover a section of the dispensing surface from 2-4 inches (5.0 - 10.2 cm) in length in the machine direction preferably across all or most all of the width of the dispensing surface, and lightly rest on or just above the dispensing surface, and be of a moderate flexibility.
  • a vacuum box if used as the filling assist member, is often used in conjunction with a production tool having cavities extending completely through the production tooling; however, even a production tool having a solid back surface can be an advantage since it will flatten and draw the production tooling more planar for improved filling of the cavities.
  • the belt can have a positive incline to advance to a higher elevation as it moves past the abrasive particle feeder.
  • the abrasive particle feeder can be positioned such that it applies the abrasive particles to the roll before top dead center of the roll's outer circumference such as between 270 degrees to 350 degrees on the face of the roll with top dead center being 0 degrees as one progresses clockwise about the roll with the roll turning in a clockwise in operation.
  • an abrasive particle removal member can be provided to assist in removing the excess precisely-shaped abrasive particles from the surface of the production tooling once most or all of the cavities have been filled by an abrasive particle.
  • the abrasive particle removal member can be, for example, a source of air to blow the excess precisely-shaped abrasive particles off the dispensing surface of the production tooling such as an air wand, air shower, air knife, a coanda effect nozzle, or a blower.
  • a contacting device can be used as the abrasive particle removal member such as a brush, a scraper, a wiper, or a doctor blade.
  • a vibrator, such as an ultrasonic horn, can be used as the abrasive particle removal member.
  • a vacuum source such as vacuum box or vacuum roll located along a portion of the first web path after an abrasive particle feeder with a production tool having cavities extending completely through the production tool can be used to hold the precisely-shaped abrasive particles in the cavities.
  • the dispensing surface of the production tool can be inverted or have a large incline or decline approaching or exceeding 90 degrees to remove the excess precisely-shaped abrasive particles using the force of gravity to slide or drop them from the dispensing surface while retaining the precisely-shaped abrasive particles disposed in the cavities by vacuum until the dispensing surface is returned to an orientation to keep the precisely-shaped abrasive particles in the cavities due to the force of gravity or they are released from the cavities onto the resin coated backing.
  • the abrasive particle removal member can slide the excess precisely-shaped abrasive particles across the dispensing surface of the production tooling and off of the production tool without disturbing the precisely-shaped abrasive particles contained within the cavities.
  • the removed excess precisely-shaped abrasive particles can be collected and returned to the abrasive particle feeder for reuse.
  • the excess precisely-shaped abrasive particles can alternatively be moved in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the production tool past or towards the abrasive particle feeder where they may fill unoccupied cavities.
  • the diluent abrasive particles may be applied by any suitable means that does not dislodge the precisely-shaped abrasive particles from the cavities; however, it is permissible that diluent abrasive particles may also become lodged in the cavities along with the precisely-shaped abrasive particles.
  • the diluent abrasive particles may be applied using an abrasive feeder.
  • the abrasive particle feeder can be, for example, a vibratory feeder, a hopper, a chute, a silo, a drop coater, or a screw feeder.
  • One preferred deposition method is drop coating.
  • An abrasive particle removal member (e.g., as discussed above) can be used to assist in removing excess diluent abrasive particles from the surface of the production tooling.
  • the diluent abrasive particles have minimum average dimensions (e.g. average particle diameter) that are smaller than the longest dimensions of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets.
  • the ratio of the average particle diameter of the diluent abrasive particles o the average longest dimension of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets may be less than 1/2, less than 1/3, less than 1/4, less than 1/5, less than 1/6, or even less than1/8, however, this is not a requirement.
  • grinding aid particles may be deposited with the diluent abrasive particles using a simultaneous or sequential procedure.
  • Useful grinding aids include cryolite, fluoroborates (e.g., potassium tetrafluoroborate), metal salts of fatty acids (e.g., zinc stearate or calcium stearate), salts of phosphate esters (e.g., potassium behenyl phosphate), phosphate esters, urea-formaldehyde resins, mineral oils, crosslinked silanes, crosslinked silicones, and/or fluorochemicals.
  • fluoroborates e.g., potassium tetrafluoroborate
  • metal salts of fatty acids e.g., zinc stearate or calcium stearate
  • salts of phosphate esters e.g., potassium behenyl phosphate
  • phosphate esters e.g., potassium behenyl phosphate
  • the diluent abrasive particles Once the diluent abrasive particles have been deposited (as an open coat, closed coat, or patterned coat) on the dispensing surface of the production tool, it is brought into contact with a make layer precursor disposed on a backing. Once in contact, the abrasive particles adhere to the make layer precursor and remain attached to it after the backing and make layer precursor are optionally separated from the production tool.
  • At least a majority e.g., at least 50 percent, at least 60 percent, at least 70 percent, at least 80 percent, or even at least 90 percent
  • at least a majority e.g., at least 50 percent, at least 60 percent, at least 70 percent, at least 80 percent, or even at least 90 percent
  • the various methods include, for example: gravity assist where the production tool and dispensing surface is inverted so that the abrasive particles fall out of the cavities under the force of gravity onto the make layer precursor; pushing assist wherein each cavity in the production tooling has two open ends such that the abrasive particle can reside in the cavity with a portion of the abrasive particle extending past the back surface of the production tooling; vibration assist where the abrasive particle transfer roll or production tooling is vibrated by a suitable source such as an ultrasonic device to shake the abrasive particles out of the cavities and onto the resin coated backing; and pressure assist where each cavity in the production tooling has two open ends or the back surface or the entire production tool is suitably porous and the abrasive particle transfer roll has a plurality of apertures and an internal pressurized source of air.
  • gravity assist where the production tool and dispensing surface is inverted so that the abrasive particles fall out of the cavities under the force of gravity onto the make layer precursor
  • pushing assist wherein
  • the make layer precursor is then at least partially cured (at least an amount sufficient to secure the abrasive particles for further handling) to form a make layer. Thereafter, the make layer and abrasive particles are overcoated with a size layer precursor, which is then at least partially cured (at least an amount sufficient to secure the abrasive particles for intended abrading processes).
  • a size layer precursor which is then at least partially cured (at least an amount sufficient to secure the abrasive particles for intended abrading processes).
  • other processing steps known to those of skill in the art of making coated abrasive articles are also known to those of skill in the art of making coated abrasive articles.
  • the make layer precursor, optional size layer precursor, and optional supersize layer can be coated using conventional techniques such as, for example, gravure coating, curtain coating, knife coating, spray coatings, roll-coating, reverse roll gravure coating, or bar coating.
  • Exemplary backings include those known in the art for making coated abrasive articles, including conventional sealed coated abrasive backings and porous non-sealed backings. Typically, the backing has two opposed major surfaces, although this is not a requirement.
  • the thickness of the backing generally ranges from about 0.02 to about 5 millimeters, desirably from about 0.05 to about 2.5 millimeters, and more desirably from about 0.1 to about 0.4 millimeter, although thicknesses outside of these ranges may also be useful.
  • the backing may be flexible or rigid. Desirably the backing is flexible.
  • Exemplary backings include polymeric film (including primed films) such as polyolefin film (e.g., polypropylene including biaxially oriented polypropylene, polyester film, polyamide film, cellulose ester film), metal foil, mesh, foam (e.g., natural sponge material or polyurethane foam), cloth (e.g., cloth made from fibers or yarns comprising polyester, nylon, silk, cotton, and/or rayon), paper, vulcanized paper, vulcanized fiber, nonwoven materials, combinations thereof, and treated versions thereof.
  • Cloth backings may be woven, knitted, or stitch bonded, for example.
  • the backing may also be a laminate of two materials (e.g., paper/film, cloth/paper, film/cloth).
  • the backing may be treated to include a presize (i.e., a barrier coat overlying the major surface of the backing onto which the abrasive layer is applied), a backsize (i.e., a barrier coat overlying the major surface of the backing opposite the major surface on which the abrasive layer is applied), a saturant (i.e., a barrier coat that is coated on all exposed surfaces of the backing), or a combination thereof.
  • a presize i.e., a barrier coat overlying the major surface of the backing onto which the abrasive layer is applied
  • a backsize i.e., a barrier coat overlying the major surface of the backing opposite the major surface on which the abrasive layer is applied
  • a saturant i.e., a barrier coat that is coated on all exposed surfaces of the backing
  • Useful presize, backsize, and saturant compositions include glue, phenolic resins, lattices, epoxy resins, urea-formaldehyde, urethane, melamine-formaldehyde, neoprene rubber, butyl acrylate, styrol, starch, and combinations thereof.
  • Other optional layers known in the art may also be used (e.g., a tie layer; see, e.g., U. S. Pat. No. 5,700,302 (Stoetzel et al .)).
  • Backing treatments may contain additional additives such as, for example, a filler and/or an antistatic material (for example, carbon black particles, vanadium pentoxide particles).
  • an antistatic material for example, carbon black particles, vanadium pentoxide particles.
  • the addition of an antistatic material can reduce the tendency of the coated abrasive article to accumulate static electricity when sanding wood or wood-like materials. Additional details regarding antistatic backings and backing treatments can be found in, for example, U. S. Pat. Nos. 5,108,463 (Buchanan et al. ); 5,137,542 (Buchanan et al. ); 5,328,716 (Buchanan ); and 5,560,753 (Buchanan et al. ).
  • At least one major surface of the backing is smooth (for example, to serve as the first major surface).
  • the second major surface of the backing may comprise a slip resistant or frictional coating.
  • coatings include an inorganic particulate (e.g., calcium carbonate or quartz) dispersed in an adhesive.
  • the backing may contain various additive(s).
  • suitable additives include colorants, processing aids, reinforcing fibers, heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, and antioxidants.
  • useful fillers include clays, calcium carbonate, glass beads, talc, clays, mica, wood flour; and carbon black.
  • the backing may be a fibrous reinforced thermoplastic such as described, for example, as described, for example, in U. S. Pat. No. 5,417,726 (Stout et al. ), or an endless spliceless belt, for example, as described, for example, in U. S. Pat. No. 5,573,619 (Benedict et al. ).
  • the backing may be a polymeric substrate having hooking stems projecting therefrom such as that described, for example, in U. S. Pat. No. 5,505,747 (Chesley et al. ).
  • the backing may be a loop fabric such as that described, for example, in U. S. Pat. No. 5,565,011 (Follett et al. )
  • the make layer precursor and the size layer precursor include respective curable binder precursor compositions, which may be the same or different.
  • curable binder precursor compositions for use in the make and/or size layer precursors include phenolic resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, acrylate resins, urethane resins, epoxy resins, aminoplast resins, and combinations thereof.
  • the curable binder precursor compositions can also include various additives including, for example, plasticizers, fillers, fibers, lubricants, surfactants, wetting agents, dyes, pigments, antifoaming agents, dyes, coupling agents, plasticizers, and suspending agents, for example.
  • an appropriate curative may be added to facilitate curing.
  • Such curatives will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art, and may be thermally activated, photochemically activated, or both, for example.
  • a supersize layer may be applied to at least a portion of the size layer.
  • the supersize typically includes grinding aids and/or anti-loading materials.
  • the optional supersize layer may serve to prevent or reduce the accumulation of swarf (the material abraded from a workpiece) between abrasive particles, which can dramatically reduce the cutting ability of the coated abrasive belt.
  • Useful supersize layers typically include a grinding aid such as cryolite, tetrafluoroborates, (e.g., potassium tetrafluoroborate), metal salts of fatty acids (e.g., zinc stearate or calcium stearate), salts of phosphate esters (e.g., potassium behenyl phosphate), phosphate esters, urea-formaldehyde resins, mineral oils, crosslinked silanes, crosslinked silicones, and/or fluorochemicals.
  • a grinding aid such as cryolite, tetrafluoroborates, (e.g., potassium tetrafluoroborate), metal salts of fatty acids (e.g., zinc stearate or calcium stearate), salts of phosphate esters (e.g., potassium behenyl phosphate), phosphate esters, urea-formaldehyde resins, mineral oils, crosslinked silanes, crosslinked silicones, and/
  • the amount of grinding aid incorporated into coated abrasive products is about 50 to about 400 gsm, more typically about 80 to about 300 gsm.
  • the supersize may contain a binder such as for example, those used to prepare the size or make layer, but it need not have any binder.
  • coated abrasive belts comprising an abrasive layer secured to a backing, wherein the abrasive layer comprises abrasive particles and make, size, and optional supersize layers are well known, and may be found, for example, in U. S. Pat. Nos. 4,734,104 (Broberg ); 4,737,163 (Larkey ); 5,203,884 (Buchanan et al. ); 5,152,917 (Pieper et al. ); 5,378,251 (Culler et al. ); 5,417,726 (Stout et al. ); 5,436,063 (Follett et al. ); 5,496,386 (Broberg et al.
  • Coated abrasive belts according to the present invention are useful for abrading a workpiece.
  • Preferred workpieces include metal (e.g., aluminum, nickel alloys, stainless steel, mild steel), composites, plastics, and wood.
  • the make layer precursor, optional size layer precursor, and optional supersize layer can be coated using conventional techniques such as, for example, gravure coating, curtain coating, knife coating, spray coatings, roll-coating, reverse roll gravure coating, or bar coating.
  • coated abrasive article 600 comprises backing 610 having a major surface 612.
  • Make layer 630 is disposed on and secured to the backing 610.
  • Abrasive layer 620 contacts and is secured to make layer 630.
  • Abrasive layer 620 comprises precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 632 and diluent abrasive particles 624.
  • Precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 622 are disposed at a dihedral angle ⁇ of less than or equal to 60 degrees relative to major surface 612 of backing 610.
  • At least a majority (e.g., at least 50 percent, at least 60 percent, at least 70 percent, at least 80 percent, or even at least 90 percent) of the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 632 each overhangs a respective plurality of diluent abrasive particles 624.
  • Size layer 670 is disposed over make layer 630 and abrasive layer 620.
  • coated abrasive article 700 comprises coated abrasive article 700 comprises backing 710 having a major surface 712.
  • Make layer 730 is disposed on and secured to backing 710.
  • Abrasive layer 720 contacts and is secured to make layer 730.
  • Abrasive layer 720 comprises islands 725. Each island 725 comprises at least one precisely-shaped abrasive platelet 722 and diluent abrasive particles 724. Islands 725 are isolated one from another.
  • Size layer 770 is disposed over make layer 730 and abrasive layer 720. Precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 722 are commonly aligned with respect to a longitudinal axis 790 of coated abrasive article 700.
  • a coated abrasive article 800 e.g., a coated abrasive disc shown in FIG. 8
  • the precisely-shaped abrasive platelets 822 are commonly aligned with respect to a rotational axis (875, perpendicular to the page) of coated abrasive article 800.
  • Coated abrasive articles according to the present invention are useful for abrading a workpiece.
  • One such method includes frictionally contacting at least a portion of the abrasive layer of a coated abrasive article with at least a portion of a surface of the workpiece, and moving at least one of the coated abrasive article or the workpiece relative to the other to abrade at least a portion of the surface.
  • workpiece materials include metal, metal alloys, exotic metal alloys, ceramics, glass, wood, wood-like materials, composites, painted surfaces, plastics, reinforced plastics, stone, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the workpiece may be flat or have a shape or contour associated with it.
  • Exemplary workpieces include metal components, plastic components, particleboard, camshafts, crankshafts, furniture, and turbine blades.
  • Coated abrasive articles according to the present invention may be used by hand and/or used in combination with a machine. At least one or both of the coated abrasive article and the workpiece is generally moved relative to the other when abrading.
  • Abrading may be conducted under wet or dry conditions.
  • Exemplary liquids for wet abrading include water, water containing conventional rust inhibiting compounds, lubricant, oil, soap, and cutting fluid.
  • the liquid may also contain defoamers, degreasers, and/or the like.
  • Crushed abrasive grains are commercially available abrasive minerals.
  • the crushed abrasive grains may be formed of any one of or a combination of abrasive grains, including silica, alumina (fused or sintered), zirconia, zirconialalumina oxides (AZ), silicon carbide (SiC), garnet, diamond, cubic boron nitride, silicon nitride, ceria, titanium dioxide, titanium diboride, boron carbide, tin oxide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, iron oxide, chromia, flint, emery.
  • crushed refers to a particle that is formed through a mechanical fracturing process, and specifically excludes particles that are evidently formed into shaped particles by a molding operation and then fractured. Unless stated otherwise, the crushed abrasive grains were supplied by BARTON International, Glens Falls, New York. Fiber disc backing Pre-cut vulcanized fibre disc blanks with a diameter of 17.8 cm, a center hole of 2.2 cm and thickness of 0.83 mm were obtained as DYNOS VULCANIZED FIBRE from DYNOS GMBH, Troisdorf, Germany.
  • PR1 Phenol-formaldehyde resin having a phenol to formaldehyde molar ratio of 1:1.5-2.1, and catalyzed with 2.5 percent by weight potassium hydroxide.
  • CACO Calcium Carbonate commercially available as HUBERCARB Q325 from Hubercarb Engineered Materials, Atlanta Georgia.
  • CRY Cryolite obtained as CRYOLITE RTN-C from Freebee A/S, Ullerslev, Denmark.
  • IO Red iron oxide pigment obtained as KROMA RO-3097 from Elementis Specialties, Inc., East Saint Louis, Illinois.
  • Size Resin 1 A phenolic curable size resin prepared by mixing 40.6 parts by weight of PR1; 69.9 parts by weight of CRY; 2.5 parts by weight IO; and 25 parts by weight deionized water.
  • the majority of the cavities of the production tool were filled with P36 grade SAP. Excess SAP were carefully removed with a 3-inch (240-cm 2 )Wooster Spiffy Brush. About 9.2 g of SAP particles were loaded onto a 37-square inch (0,024 square meter) area tool surface.
  • a fiber disc backing was coated by brush with Make Resin 1 to a weight of 3.0-3.1 grams.
  • the fiber disc backing with the make layer precursor was flipped over and contacted with the abrasive particle laden surface of the production tool.
  • the assembly was clamped together with binder clips, and then flipped over to facilitate abrasive particle transfer by gravity onto the make layer precursor. Vibration of the production tool further promotes abrasive particle transfer.
  • the production tool was separated from the make layer precursor and abrasive particles such that both the SAP and crushed abrasive particles have been transferred onto the make resin layer.
  • the coated disc was given a make layer precursor pre-cure at 90 °C for 1 hour followed by 103 °C for 3 hours.
  • Precured discs were then coated by brush with curable Size Resin 1. Excess size resin was removed with a dry brush until the flooded glossy appearance was reduced to a matte appearance. The size-coated discs were weighed to establish the size resin weight. The amount of size resin added was 11.5-13.0 g size resin coating (i.e., size layer precursor) was used. The discs were cured for 90 minutes at 90 °C, followed by 16 hours at 103 °C. The cured discs were orthogonally flexed over a 1.5-inch (3.8-cm) diameter roller. The surface of the resulting coated abrasive article was characterized with an optical microscope. Results are shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B .
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the SAP loaded on the production tool was transferred onto make layer precursor first, and then the P80 grade crushed garnet grains were directly coated to fiber disc substrate through drop coating (abrasive particles fell onto the make layer precursor by gravity). Results are shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B .
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated, except that the SAP loaded on the production tool was transferred onto the make layer precursor first, and then 8.2 g P80 grade crushed garnet grains were directly coated to the make layer precursor through drop coating. Results are shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Ein beschichteter Schleifgegenstand (700), aufweisend:
    einen Träger (710), der eine erste Hauptoberfläche (712) hat;
    eine Grundschicht (730), die an dem Träger angeordnet und an diesem befestigt ist;
    eine Schleifschicht (720), die die Grundschicht berührt und an dieser befestigt ist, wobei die Schleifschicht Inseln (725) aufweist, jede Insel aufweisend mindestens ein genau geformtes Schleifplättchen (722) und Verdünnungsmittelschleifteilchen (724) und wobei die Inseln voneinander isoliert sind; und
    eine Deckschicht (770), die über der Grundschicht und der Schleifschicht angeordnet ist.
  2. Der beschichtete Schleifgegenstand (700) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verdünnungsmittelschleifteilchen (724) überwiegend unterhalb jeweiliger Überhänge von mindestens einer Mehrheit der genau geformten Schleifplättchen (722) angeordnet sind.
  3. Der beschichtete Schleifgegenstand (700) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Inseln (725) um mindestens ein Zweifaches des minimalen Abstands zwischen nächstgelegenen genau geformten Schleifplättchen (722) angrenzender Inseln voneinander getrennt sind.
  4. Der beschichtete Schleifgegenstand (700) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die genau geformten Schleifplättchen (722) im Wesentlichen gemäß einem zuvor bestimmten Muster positioniert sind.
  5. Der beschichtete Schleifgegenstand (700) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die genau geformten Schleifplättchen (722) im Allgemeinen hinsichtlich einer Längsachse (790) des beschichteten Schleifgegenstands ausgerichtet sind.
  6. Der beschichtete Schleifgegenstand (800) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die genau geformten Schleifplättchen (822) im Allgemeinen hinsichtlich einer Drehachse (875) des beschichteten Schleifgegenstands ausgerichtet sind.
EP20793815.0A 2019-10-17 2020-10-09 Beschichteter schleifartikel und verfahren zur herstellung davon Active EP4045230B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962916616P 2019-10-17 2019-10-17
PCT/IB2020/059507 WO2021074756A1 (en) 2019-10-17 2020-10-09 Coated abrasive articles and method of making the same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4045230A1 EP4045230A1 (de) 2022-08-24
EP4045230B1 true EP4045230B1 (de) 2023-12-27

Family

ID=72964760

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20793815.0A Active EP4045230B1 (de) 2019-10-17 2020-10-09 Beschichteter schleifartikel und verfahren zur herstellung davon

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20220339761A1 (de)
EP (1) EP4045230B1 (de)
CN (1) CN114555296B (de)
WO (1) WO2021074756A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140106713A (ko) 2011-12-30 2014-09-03 생-고뱅 세라믹스 앤드 플라스틱스, 인코포레이티드 형상화 연마입자 및 이의 형성방법
CA2860755C (en) 2012-01-10 2018-01-30 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive particles having complex shapes and methods of forming same
EP4302955A3 (de) 2012-05-23 2024-04-17 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Geformte schleifpartikel und verfahren zur herstellung davon
JP5982580B2 (ja) 2012-10-15 2016-08-31 サンーゴバン アブレイシブズ，インコーポレイティド 特定の形状を有する研磨粒子およびこのような粒子の形成方法
WO2014161001A1 (en) 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles
US9771507B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-09-26 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Shaped abrasive particle including dopant material and method of forming same
CA3123554A1 (en) 2014-04-14 2015-10-22 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles
US9914864B2 (en) 2014-12-23 2018-03-13 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Shaped abrasive particles and method of forming same
CN116967949A (zh) 2015-03-31 2023-10-31 圣戈班磨料磨具有限公司 固定磨料制品和其形成方法
TWI634200B (zh) 2015-03-31 2018-09-01 聖高拜磨料有限公司 固定磨料物品及其形成方法
US10711171B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2020-07-14 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles
CN109415615A (zh) 2016-05-10 2019-03-01 圣戈本陶瓷及塑料股份有限公司 磨料颗粒及其形成方法
US20170335155A1 (en) 2016-05-10 2017-11-23 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive particles and methods of forming same
EP4349896A3 (de) 2016-09-29 2024-06-12 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Feste schleifartikel und verfahren zur formung davon
US10563105B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2020-02-18 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles
EP4081369A4 (de) 2019-12-27 2024-04-10 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics Inc. Schleifartikel und verfahren zur formung davon
CN114846112A (zh) 2019-12-27 2022-08-02 圣戈本陶瓷及塑料股份有限公司 磨料制品及其形成方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030207659A1 (en) 2000-11-03 2003-11-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive product and method of making and using the same
WO2011068724A2 (en) 2009-12-02 2011-06-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making a coated abrasive article having shaped abrasive particles and resulting product
WO2015100018A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive particle positioning systems and production tools therefor
US20150291866A1 (en) 2014-04-14 2015-10-15 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles
US20160289520A1 (en) 2015-03-31 2016-10-06 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Fixed abrasive articles and methods of forming same
US20160375556A1 (en) 2013-03-29 2016-12-29 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles
WO2018063902A1 (en) 2016-09-27 2018-04-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Open coat abrasive article and method of abrading
WO2019102329A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive disc and methods of making and using the same
WO2019102330A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive disc and methods of making and using the same

Family Cites Families (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1910444A (en) 1931-02-13 1933-05-23 Carborundum Co Process of making abrasive materials
US3041156A (en) 1959-07-22 1962-06-26 Norton Co Phenolic resin bonded grinding wheels
US4314827A (en) 1979-06-29 1982-02-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Non-fused aluminum oxide-based abrasive mineral
CA1266569A (en) 1984-05-09 1990-03-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive product incorporating selective mineral substitution
CA1266568A (en) 1984-05-09 1990-03-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive product incorporating selective mineral substitution
US4652275A (en) 1985-08-07 1987-03-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Erodable agglomerates and abrasive products containing the same
US4751138A (en) 1986-08-11 1988-06-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive having radiation curable binder
US4799939A (en) 1987-02-26 1989-01-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Erodable agglomerates and abrasive products containing the same
CH675250A5 (de) 1988-06-17 1990-09-14 Lonza Ag
US5011508A (en) 1988-10-14 1991-04-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Shelling-resistant abrasive grain, a method of making the same, and abrasive products
YU32490A (en) 1989-03-13 1991-10-31 Lonza Ag Hydrophobic layered grinding particles
US5108463B1 (en) 1989-08-21 1996-08-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Conductive coated abrasives
US4997461A (en) 1989-09-11 1991-03-05 Norton Company Nitrified bonded sol gel sintered aluminous abrasive bodies
US5007943A (en) * 1989-11-03 1991-04-16 Norton Company Sol-gel process alumina abrasive grain blends in coated abrasive material
US5085671A (en) 1990-05-02 1992-02-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of coating alumina particles with refractory material, abrasive particles made by the method and abrasive products containing the same
US5137542A (en) 1990-08-08 1992-08-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive printed with an electrically conductive ink
CA2054554A1 (en) 1990-11-14 1992-05-15 Chong Soo Lee Coated abrasive having an overcoating of an epoxy resin coatable from water and a grinding aid
US5152917B1 (en) 1991-02-06 1998-01-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Structured abrasive article
US5378251A (en) 1991-02-06 1995-01-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive articles and methods of making and using same
US5316812A (en) 1991-12-20 1994-05-31 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive backing
AU665384B2 (en) 1991-12-20 1996-01-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company A coated abrasive belt with an endless, seamless backing and method of preparation
WO1993015879A1 (en) 1992-02-12 1993-08-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company A coated abrasive article containing an electrically conductive backing
US5203884A (en) 1992-06-04 1993-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article having vanadium oxide incorporated therein
US5366523A (en) 1992-07-23 1994-11-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article containing shaped abrasive particles
US5201916A (en) 1992-07-23 1993-04-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Shaped abrasive particles and method of making same
RU95105160A (ru) 1992-07-23 1997-01-10 Миннесота Майнинг энд Мануфакчуринг Компани (US) Способ приготовления абразивной частицы, абразивные изделия и изделия с абразивным покрытием
US5213591A (en) 1992-07-28 1993-05-25 Ahmet Celikkaya Abrasive grain, method of making same and abrasive products
US5328716A (en) 1992-08-11 1994-07-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making a coated abrasive article containing a conductive backing
US5435816A (en) 1993-01-14 1995-07-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making an abrasive article
CA2115889A1 (en) 1993-03-18 1994-09-19 David E. Broberg Coated abrasive article having diluent particles and shaped abrasive particles
US5436063A (en) 1993-04-15 1995-07-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive article incorporating an energy cured hot melt make coat
US5441549A (en) 1993-04-19 1995-08-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive articles comprising a grinding aid dispersed in a polymeric blend binder
US5549962A (en) 1993-06-30 1996-08-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Precisely shaped particles and method of making the same
JP3587209B2 (ja) 1993-09-13 2004-11-10 ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー 研摩材製品、該研摩材製品の製法、該研摩材製品を使用して仕上げを行う方法、及び製造ツール
RU2125510C1 (ru) 1993-10-19 1999-01-27 Миннесота Майнинг Энд Мэнюфекчуринг Компани Абразивные изделия, в состав которых входит фиксирующее покрытие, нанесенное ламинированием
US5505747A (en) 1994-01-13 1996-04-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making an abrasive article
EP0783394B1 (de) 1994-09-30 2003-05-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Beschichteter schleifgegenstand und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US5975987A (en) 1995-10-05 1999-11-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Method and apparatus for knurling a workpiece, method of molding an article with such workpiece, and such molded article
JPH11513620A (ja) 1995-10-20 1999-11-24 ミネソタ・マイニング・アンド・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー 無機金属オルトリン酸塩を含有する研磨物品
US5700302A (en) 1996-03-15 1997-12-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Radiation curable abrasive article with tie coat and method
JP2000509745A (ja) 1996-05-08 2000-08-02 ミネソタ・マイニング・アンド・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー 目詰まり防止成分を含む研磨物品
US5695533A (en) * 1996-09-06 1997-12-09 Norton Company Abrasive products
US5766277A (en) 1996-09-20 1998-06-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive article and method of making same
US7124753B2 (en) * 1997-04-04 2006-10-24 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US5946991A (en) 1997-09-03 1999-09-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for knurling a workpiece
US6077601A (en) 1998-05-01 2000-06-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive article
US6228133B1 (en) 1998-05-01 2001-05-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive articles having abrasive layer bond system derived from solid, dry-coated binder precursor particles having a fusible, radiation curable component
AU2002213054A1 (en) 2000-10-06 2002-04-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Ceramic aggregate particles
US6521004B1 (en) 2000-10-16 2003-02-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making an abrasive agglomerate particle
WO2009085841A2 (en) 2007-12-27 2009-07-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Shaped, fractured abrasive particle, abrasive article using same and method of making
US8123828B2 (en) 2007-12-27 2012-02-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making abrasive shards, shaped abrasive particles with an opening, or dish-shaped abrasive particles
US8142891B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Dish-shaped abrasive particles with a recessed surface
US8142531B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Shaped abrasive particles with a sloping sidewall
US8142532B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Shaped abrasive particles with an opening
US10137556B2 (en) * 2009-06-22 2018-11-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Shaped abrasive particles with low roundness factor
BR112012013346B1 (pt) 2009-12-02 2020-06-30 3M Innovative Properties Company partículas abrasivas com formato duplamente afunilado
EP2563549B1 (de) 2010-04-27 2022-07-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Geformte keramikschleifpartikel, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und diese enthaltende schleifartikel
CN103025490B (zh) 2010-08-04 2016-05-11 3M创新有限公司 相交平板成形磨粒
CA2827223C (en) 2011-02-16 2020-01-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive article having rotationally aligned formed ceramic abrasive particles and method of making
TW201404527A (zh) * 2012-06-29 2014-02-01 Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc 研磨物品及形成方法
CN110591645A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2019-12-20 圣戈本陶瓷及塑料股份有限公司 成形磨粒及其形成方法
US10518388B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2019-12-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive article maker apparatus
WO2015100020A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making a coated abrasive article
WO2015102992A1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-09 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles
KR102420782B1 (ko) * 2014-10-21 2022-07-14 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 연마 예비성형품, 연마 용품, 및 접합된 연마 용품을 제조하는 방법
EP4349896A3 (de) * 2016-09-29 2024-06-12 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Feste schleifartikel und verfahren zur formung davon
CN111683570A (zh) 2017-11-21 2020-09-18 温琴佐·博纳方丹 床垫
JP6899490B2 (ja) 2017-11-21 2021-07-07 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 被覆研磨ディスク並びにその製造方法及び使用方法
CN111372728B (zh) 2017-11-21 2022-08-09 3M创新有限公司 涂覆研磨盘及其制备和使用方法

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030207659A1 (en) 2000-11-03 2003-11-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive product and method of making and using the same
WO2011068724A2 (en) 2009-12-02 2011-06-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making a coated abrasive article having shaped abrasive particles and resulting product
US20160375556A1 (en) 2013-03-29 2016-12-29 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles
WO2015100018A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive particle positioning systems and production tools therefor
US20150291866A1 (en) 2014-04-14 2015-10-15 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles
US20160289520A1 (en) 2015-03-31 2016-10-06 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Fixed abrasive articles and methods of forming same
WO2018063902A1 (en) 2016-09-27 2018-04-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Open coat abrasive article and method of abrading
WO2019102329A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive disc and methods of making and using the same
WO2019102330A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive disc and methods of making and using the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Second Edition, Volume 1", 1 January 1985, JOHN WILEY & SONS, article MARK I: "Coated Abrasive Products", pages: 39 - 40, XP093262126

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2021074756A1 (en) 2021-04-22
CN114555296A (zh) 2022-05-27
CN114555296B (zh) 2025-01-28
EP4045230A1 (de) 2022-08-24
US20220339761A1 (en) 2022-10-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP4045230B1 (de) Beschichteter schleifartikel und verfahren zur herstellung davon
US12208490B2 (en) Coated abrasive article having spacer particles, making method and apparatus therefor
US11707816B2 (en) Coated abrasive article with multiplexed structures of abrasive particles and method of making
US10836015B2 (en) Coated abrasive article and method of making the same
EP3086903B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur herstellung eines beschichteten schleifmittels
EP3086904B1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines beschichteten schleifmittels
CN111372727B (zh) 涂覆磨盘及其制备和使用方法
US20230001544A1 (en) Coated abrasive articles and methods of making coated abrasive articles
US20210370473A1 (en) Coated abrasive disc and methods of making and using the same
CN111372726A (zh) 涂覆磨盘及其制备和使用方法
WO2015100018A1 (en) Abrasive particle positioning systems and production tools therefor
EP3880405B1 (de) Beschichtete schleifscheibe und verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung davon
WO2020099969A1 (en) Coated abrasive belt and methods of making and using the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20220331

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20230925

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20231117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602020023496

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240328

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240328

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240327

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20231227

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1644092

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240327

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240427

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240427

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240429

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20240429

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R026

Ref document number: 602020023496

Country of ref document: DE

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

PLAX Notice of opposition and request to file observation + time limit sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS2

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240919

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231227

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: SAINT-GOBAIN ABRASIVES, INC.

Effective date: 20240927

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240919

Year of fee payment: 5

PLBB Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition received

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS3