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EP4018146B1 - Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein kraftfahrzeug, und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen wärmetauschers - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein kraftfahrzeug, und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen wärmetauschers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4018146B1
EP4018146B1 EP20760495.0A EP20760495A EP4018146B1 EP 4018146 B1 EP4018146 B1 EP 4018146B1 EP 20760495 A EP20760495 A EP 20760495A EP 4018146 B1 EP4018146 B1 EP 4018146B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow
elements
protuberances
fluid
protuberance
Prior art date
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EP20760495.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4018146A1 (de
Inventor
Kamel Azzouz
Mathieu Caparros
Cédric DE VAULX
Xavier Marchadier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP4018146A1 publication Critical patent/EP4018146A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0391—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F2001/027—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2210/00—Heat exchange conduits
    • F28F2210/02—Heat exchange conduits with particular branching, e.g. fractal conduit arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles, and to methods of manufacturing such heat exchangers.
  • EP 2 420 791 discloses a heat exchanger comprising the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Heat exchangers generally comprise a heat exchange bundle consisting of a set of superimposed hollow elements in which a first heat transfer fluid, such as glycolated water or a refrigerant, is intended to flow.
  • This heat exchange bundle has a plurality of fins arranged between these hollow elements. These fins are configured to increase the heat exchange surface between the first heat transfer fluid circulating inside the hollow elements and a second heat transfer fluid, such as air, circulating between these hollow elements.
  • a second heat transfer fluid such as air
  • finned heat exchangers generate a certain thermal resistance for the exchange between the first heat transfer fluid, such as the refrigerant, and the second heat transfer fluid, such as air.
  • the surface of the fins allowing the exchange surface to be increased is not in direct contact with the two fluids. The heat exchanges between these two fluids with the heat exchangers of the prior art can therefore be improved.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a heat exchanger having improved heat exchange capacities compared to those known from the prior art and having good mechanical strength.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger whose number of parts constituting it is limited.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger which is simple and quick to assemble.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger which is simple, fast and inexpensive.
  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising the characteristics of claim 1.
  • the possibility for the first fluid to pass from one hollow element to another hollow element through the protuberances connecting these hollow elements allows a good homogenization of the temperature of this first fluid and also an improvement heat exchanges between the first and second fluids.
  • the presence of the protuberances allows a disturbance of the circulation of the second fluid through the heat exchange bundle.
  • the heat exchanges between the first and second fluids are improved due to the protuberances connecting the hollow elements together and also allowing the circulation of the first fluid through certain hollow protuberances.
  • the protuberances are configured to connect the hollow elements together, which also makes it possible to simplify the structure of the heat exchange bundle by making it possible in particular to limit the number of parts making up this heat exchange bundle.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention may further comprise one or more of the following features taken alone or in combination.
  • the hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle may be plates.
  • the heat exchange beam can be formed by a row of superimposed plates.
  • the hollow elements of the heat exchange bundle may be flat tubes.
  • the heat exchange bundle can be formed by at least one row of superimposed flat tubes.
  • Hollow elements may be made of a material having a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 45 Wm -1 .K -1 at 20°C.
  • Hollow elements can be made of metal or a metal alloy, particularly aluminium.
  • the first hollow element can carry at least one hollow protuberance cooperating with an orifice made in the second hollow element arranged opposite the at least one hollow protuberance of the first hollow element, said hollow protuberance ensuring fluid communication between the first and second hollow elements and forming a sealed connection with the orifice.
  • the first and second hollow elements alternately have a hollow protuberance and an orifice intended to cooperate with a hollow protuberance in a sealed manner in the assembled state of the heat exchange bundle.
  • first and second hollow elements may each have at least one hollow protuberance, the hollow protuberance carried by the first hollow element having an end cooperating with an end of the hollow protuberance carried by the second hollow element and forming a sealed connection with this hollow protuberance of the second hollow element so as to allow fluid communication between the first and second hollow elements.
  • each channel for the circulation of the first fluid has a center and a periphery and the at least one hollow protuberance allowing fluid communication between two adjacent hollow elements can be arranged at the center of the channel.
  • the plurality of protrusions carried by the at least one hollow element may be hollow protrusions allowing fluid communication between the first and second hollow elements.
  • the hollow protuberances may have a constant section shape, a first end of which is arranged in contact with a face of the hollow element carrying the protuberance and a second free end, arranged opposite the first end and in contact with the adjacent hollow element.
  • the section of the hollow protuberance can be circular, oblong, or even parallelepipedal in shape.
  • the hollow protuberances may have a variable section shape, a first end of which is arranged in contact with a face of the hollow element carrying the protuberance and a second free end, opposite the first end and arranged in contact with the adjacent hollow element, said first end having a section whose area is greater than that of the second free end.
  • the hollow protuberance may be conical in shape, the second end of which is flat or dome-shaped.
  • the hollow protuberances have a leading wall and an end wall, the leading wall being the first in contact with the first fluid during the passage of this first fluid at the level of the hollow protuberance.
  • the hollow elements each have at least one hollow protuberance whose second free ends are in contact with each other, and these hollow protuberances have a central symmetry relative to the center of the opening of the hollow protuberances for the passage of the first fluid between a first and a second hollow element.
  • leading wall of the hollow protuberance and the channel of the hollow element can form an angle of between 90° and 180°, and in particular of between 105° and 150°.
  • the end wall of the hollow protuberance and the channel of the hollow element can form an angle between 90° and 180°, and in particular between 120° and 165°.
  • the hollow element can have at least one transverse partition.
  • the transverse partition can be arranged in the middle of the space defined between two hollow protrusions in the hollow element.
  • the heat exchange bundle may further comprise two end elements arranged parallel to the superimposed hollow elements and respectively on either side of the superposition of hollow elements, each end element has a face arranged opposite a face of a hollow element and defining a space between the end element and the hollow element to allow the circulation of the second fluid.
  • the face of the end member may be smooth and is configured to obstruct openings of the second ends of the hollow protrusions disposed opposite the end member so as to form a sealed connection between the hollow member and the adjacent member.
  • the orifices of the second hollow element can correspond to the opening of the second end of the protuberances carried by the second hollow element.
  • the stack may further comprise two end elements arranged respectively on either side of the superposition of hollow elements and parallel to these hollow elements, said end elements having a face arranged opposite a face of the adjacent hollow element, said face of the end elements being smooth.
  • the hollow elements arranged opposite the end elements may have hollow protuberances on their face arranged opposite the end elements in order to allow the brazing of the end elements with the adjacent hollow elements and the formation of a sealed mechanical connection between the hollow elements and the end elements.
  • certain elements or parameters may be indexed, such as for example first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or even first criterion and second criterion etc.
  • it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria that are close but not identical. This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion over another and such names can easily be interchanged without departing from the scope of the present description. This indexing also does not imply an order in time for example to assess such and such criteria.
  • thermal conductivity means the energy, or quantity of heat, transferred per unit area and time, expressed in watts per meter-kelvin (Wm -1 .K -1 ).
  • fluid in the following description, we mean a body whose molecules have little adhesion and can slide freely relative to each other (in the case of liquids) or move independently of each other (in the case of gases), so that the body takes the shape of the vessel which contains it.
  • a heat exchanger 1 is shown, in particular for a motor vehicle.
  • This heat exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle 3 between at least a first heat transfer fluid F1 and a second heat transfer fluid F2 (visible in the figure 2 ).
  • the heat exchange bundle 3 is composed of at least two superimposed hollow elements 31. Each hollow element 31 forms at least one channel 35 (visible on the figure 2 ) inside which the first fluid F1 is intended to circulate.
  • the heat exchanger 1 further comprises a first 11 and a second 13 collector boxes. The first 11 and second 13 collector boxes are arranged at the ends of the hollow elements 31 and form with the heat exchange bundle 3 the heat exchanger 1.
  • the first collector box 11 has for example an inlet 11a in order to supply the hollow elements 31 with first fluid F1 and the second collector box 13 has for example an outlet 13a in order to allow the circulation of the first fluid F1 in a circuit (not shown) allowing the return of this first fluid F1 to the level of the first collector box 11.
  • This first heat transfer fluid F1 may in particular be a liquid, such as for example glycolated water or a refrigerant fluid.
  • These first 11 and second 13 collector boxes are attached to the heat exchange bundle 3 in order to form the heat exchanger 1.
  • These first 11 and second 13 collector boxes may be fixed to the heat exchange bundle 3 by brazing or by a mechanical connection, in particular by crimping, for example.
  • the superimposed hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 may be plates in order to form a plate heat exchanger 1, or else be flat tubes in order to form a tube heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchange bundle 3 may therefore be produced by a row of superimposed plates or else by at least one row of superimposed flat tubes. In the case where the heat exchange bundle 3 has more than one row of flat tubes, these rows are arranged side by side in the direction of circulation of the second fluid F2 (shown in the figure 2 ).
  • the superimposed hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 may in particular be made of a material having a thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 45 Wm -1 .K -1 at 20°C. Typically, these hollow elements may be made of metal or a metal alloy, and in particular aluminum. Such thermal conductivity for the material constituting the hollow elements 31 makes it possible to ensure good heat transfers between the first F1 and the second F2 fluids in this heat exchange bundle 3 in order to allow in particular the heat exchanges of the first fluid F1.
  • the hollow elements 31 are also configured to allow the circulation of the second fluid F2 in a space 37 between the hollow elements 31 in order to allow a heat exchange between the first F1 and the second F2 fluids during the operation of this heat exchanger 1.
  • the second heat transfer fluid F2 may for example be air intended to circulate between the hollow elements 31 in order to exchange thermal energy with the first fluid F1 circulating inside the hollow elements 31 for example.
  • a hollow element 31 having two channels 35 each having a center and a periphery.
  • the hollow element 31 may have a different number of channels 35.
  • At least one of the hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 has a plurality of protuberances 5.
  • the protuberances 5 extend into the space 37 defined for the circulation of the second fluid F2.
  • Such an arrangement of the protuberances 5 in the space 37 defined for the passage of the second fluid F2 makes it possible to create disturbances in the flow of the second fluid F2 through the heat exchange bundle 3, which allows, among other things, better homogenization of the temperature of this second fluid F2 and an improvement in the heat exchanges between the first F1 and the second F2 fluids circulating in the heat exchange bundle 3.
  • This disturbance of the flow of the second fluid F2 in the space 37 may in particular consist of a reduction in its speed or even a disturbance in its direction of circulation allowing better homogenization of its temperature.
  • the protuberances 5 form the connection between two adjacent hollow elements 31.
  • adjacent elements are understood to mean two elements arranged opposite one another.
  • at least one first hollow element 31a and one second hollow element 31b arranged opposite one another are in fluid communication with one another by at least one hollow protuberance 5 carried by at least one of the first 31a and/or second 31b hollow elements 31.
  • the heat exchange bundle 3 may further comprise two end elements 38, 39 arranged parallel to the superimposed hollow elements 31 and respectively on either side of the superposition of hollow elements 31.
  • Each end element 38, 39 has a face arranged opposite a face of a hollow element 31 and defines a space 37' between the end element 38, 39 and the hollow element 31 to allow the circulation of the second fluid F2.
  • These end elements 38, 39 may be made of a plate, for example made of metal or a metal alloy such as, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the material constituting the end elements 38, 39 is identical to that forming the hollow elements 31.
  • the protuberances 5 are formed directly on the faces of the hollow elements 31.
  • the protuberances 5 can be produced by deformation of a surface of the hollow elements 31.
  • the protuberances 5 have a first end 51 arranged in contact with the face of the hollow element 31 which carries the protuberance 5 and a second free end 53, opposite the first end 51, intended to be in contact with the hollow element 31 or the adjacent end element 38, 39 (visible in the figure 1 ).
  • the term adjacent element is understood to mean an element of the heat exchange bundle 3 arranged opposite a face of a hollow element 31. An adjacent element can therefore be another hollow element 31, or even an end element 38, 39.
  • the second free end 53 of the hollow protuberances 5 has an opening configured to ensure fluid communication between the first 31a and the second 31b hollow elements.
  • the hollow protuberances 5 are shown according to a first variant.
  • the hollow protuberances 5 may have a constant section shape.
  • constant section shape it is understood here that the hollow protuberance 5 has a constant diameter over its entire length, that is to say over the entire space 37, 37' arranged between the elements 31, 38, 39 for the passage of the second fluid F2 in which it extends.
  • two hollow protuberances 5 are shown, the second free ends 53 of which have an opening for the passage of the first fluid F1 and are arranged respectively in contact with each other and form a sealed connection.
  • Such an arrangement of the hollow protuberances 5 corresponds to that described previously with reference to the second particular embodiment and can offer significant resistance to deformations related to the passage of the second fluid F2 in the space 37, 37'. More particularly according to this first variant, the section of the hollow protuberance 5 can be oblong in shape ( Figure 3A ), parallelepiped ( Figure 3B ), or even circular ( Figure 3C ).
  • the hollow protuberances 5 are shown according to a second variant.
  • the hollow protuberances 5 may have a variable section shape.
  • variable section shape it is meant here that the hollow protuberance 5 has a variable diameter over its entire length, that is to say over the entire space 37, 37' arranged between the elements 31, 38, 39 for the passage of the second fluid F2 in which it extends.
  • the first end 51 of the hollow protuberances 5 has an area greater than that of the second free end 53.
  • hollow protuberances 5 are shown, the second free ends 53 of which having an opening for the passage of the first fluid F1 are arranged respectively in contact with each other.
  • Such an arrangement of the hollow protuberances 5 also corresponds to the second particular embodiment described above.
  • Such hollow protuberances 5 can make it possible to limit the reduction in the flow rate of the second fluid F2 in the space 37, 37' defined between a hollow element 31 and an adjacent element 31, 38, 39 while disturbing the circulation of this second fluid F2 in the space 37, 37' and the circulation of the first fluid F1 inside the hollow elements 31.
  • the hollow protuberances 5 can have a conical shape having a second free end 53 that is flat ( Figure 4A ), or even a dome shape ( Figure 4B ).
  • the shape of the hollow protuberances 5 can be chosen according to the constraints that they may be subjected to during the operation of the heat exchanger 1 or during the brazing of the heat exchange bundle 3.
  • the shape of these hollow protuberances 5 can also be chosen according to the disturbances in the flow of the second fluid F2 and/or the first fluid F1 (visible on the figure 2 ) desired in space 37, 37' (visible in particular on the figure 1 ).
  • the protuberances 5 have a contact zone 54 at the level of the periphery of their second free ends 53.
  • This contact zone 54 makes it possible to ensure brazing between these second free ends 53 to allow the formation of the heat exchange bundle 3 (notably visible on the figure 3 ).
  • this contact zone 54 may have a length greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the contact zone 54 of the second free end 53 of a protuberance 5 may cooperate with the periphery of a orifice carried by the face of a hollow element 31 arranged opposite this protuberance 5.
  • the second free ends 53 of the protuberances 5 carried respectively by a first 31a and a second 31b hollow elements and arranged opposite each other can be nested in order to allow the brazing of these second free ends 53 and thus the formation of the mechanical connection to form the heat exchange bundle 3.
  • the assembly of the heat exchange bundle 3 by brazing makes it possible to ensure good mechanical maintenance of this heat exchange bundle 3.
  • the protuberances 5 occupy the space 37, 37' for the passage of the second fluid F2.
  • this space was occupied by the presence of fins arranged between the hollow elements 31.
  • the presence of the protuberances 5 therefore makes it possible to limit the number of components of the heat exchange bundle 3, which in particular makes it possible to simplify its structure and assembly by eliminating the presence of the fins known from the prior art.
  • Such a heat exchange bundle 3 therefore has fairly low production costs while guaranteeing good mechanical strength thereof.
  • such a mechanical connection of the heat exchange bundle 3 is also achievable when the latter has the end elements 38, 39, one face of which is arranged opposite the second free ends 53 of the protuberances 5, possibly hollow, and thus defining the space 37' for the passage of the second fluid F2.
  • this face of the end elements 38, 39 is smooth and configured to obstruct the openings of the second free ends 53 of the hollow protuberances 5 arranged opposite the end element 38, 39 so as to form a sealed connection between the hollow element 31 and the adjacent element 31, 38, 39.
  • a first hollow element 31a can carry at least one hollow protuberance 5 cooperating with an orifice 36 made in a second hollow element 31b arranged opposite this hollow protuberance 5 of the first hollow element 31a.
  • the second free end 53 of this hollow protuberance 5 ensures the fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements for the first fluid F1 and forms a sealed connection with the orifice carried by the second hollow element 31b.
  • the first hollow element 31a has the hollow protuberances 5 and the second hollow element 31b has the orifices in order to allow fluid communication between these first 31a and second 31b hollow elements and also the formation of the sealed mechanical connection between these hollow elements 31a, 31b.
  • the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements may alternately have a hollow protuberance 5 and an orifice 36.
  • This orifice 36 is intended to cooperate with the second free end 53 of a hollow protuberance 5 carried by the face of the hollow element 31 arranged opposite this orifice 36.
  • the connection between the hollow protuberance 5 and the orifice 36 is a sealed mechanical connection, which may in particular be produced by brazing.
  • the first 31a and the second 31b hollow elements each have at least one protuberance 5, the second free end 53 of the hollow protuberance 5 carried by the first hollow element 31a cooperating with the second free end 53 of the hollow protuberance 5 carried by the second hollow element 31b.
  • These second free ends 53 of the hollow protuberances 5 carried by the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements form a sealed connection so as to allow fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • the first fluid F1 has turbulence T at the first ends 51 of the hollow protuberances 5.
  • This turbulence T linked to the passage of the first fluid F1 at least at the first ends 51 of the protuberances 5 allows a disturbance of the flow of this first fluid F1 in the hollow element 31, thus contributing to an improvement in the homogenization of the temperature of this first fluid F1 and therefore of the heat exchanges between the first F1 and the second F2 fluids.
  • the first fluid F1 can pass from the first hollow element 31a to the second hollow element 31b and vice versa by passing through one of the protuberances 5.
  • the plurality of protuberances 5 carried by the at least one hollow element 31 are hollow protuberances 5 allowing fluid communication between the first 31a and the second 31b hollow elements.
  • these hollow protuberances 5 ensuring fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements allow the first fluid F1 to pass from the first hollow element 31a to the second hollow element 31b and reverse.
  • Such a movement of the first fluid F1 allows agitation of the latter at least at the level of the hollow protuberance 5, thus contributing to an improvement in the homogenization of its temperature.
  • such a disturbance of the flow of the first fluid F1 allows an improvement in its heat exchanges with the second fluid F2 circulating in the space 37 between two adjacent hollow elements 31.
  • the hollow elements 31 may comprise transverse partitions 9.
  • the transverse partitions 9 obstruct a section of the channel 35 so that the first fluid F1 circulates between two adjacent hollow elements 31 in fluid communication.
  • These transverse partitions 9 therefore allow the formation of a baffle for the first fluid F1.
  • This baffle imposes the circulation of the first fluid F1 between the first hollow element 31a and the second hollow element 31b and vice versa.
  • the hollow elements 31 have transverse partitions 9 arranged in a staggered manner and between each hollow protuberance 5 in order to maximize the passages of the first fluid F1 between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements in order to have good homogenization of its temperature and thus improve the heat exchanges that this first fluid F1 can have with the second fluid F2 within the heat exchange bundle 3.
  • the hollow elements 31 may have a lower number of transverse partitions 9 and more particularly more spaced from each other within the same hollow element 31.
  • a fourth embodiment of the hollow protuberances 5 is shown.
  • This fourth embodiment makes it possible in particular to limit the pressure losses linked to the passage of the first fluid F1 between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements each have hollow protuberances 5 arranged opposite each other.
  • these hollow protuberances 5 have a variable section. More particularly, the hollow protuberances 5 have a leading wall 55 and an end wall 57.
  • the leading wall 55 of the hollow protuberance 5 is the first encountered in the direction of circulation of the first fluid F1.
  • each of the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements has hollow protuberances 5 whose second free ends 53 are arranged facing each other in order to ensure the mechanical connection, in particular by brazing, of these first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • these second free ends 53 have an opening in order to allow the passage of the first fluid F1 from the first hollow element 31a to the second hollow element 31b and vice versa.
  • these hollow protuberances 5 facing each other have a central symmetry relative to the center of the opening for the circulation of the first fluid F1 between these first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • the hollow elements 31 also have transverse partitions 9 connecting the walls 35a of the channel 35 to each other.
  • these transverse partitions are arranged in a staggered manner in the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements and separate the hollow protuberances 5 from each other.
  • the transverse partitions 9 are arranged in the center of the length separating two hollow protuberances 5. According to other alternatives not shown here, the transverse partitions 9 may have a different spacing or even a different positioning within the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • each channel 35 for the circulation of the first fluid F1 has a center and a periphery and the at least one hollow protuberance 5 allowing fluid communication between two adjacent hollow elements 31 is arranged at the center of this channel 35.
  • the heat exchange bundle 3 has more than two hollow elements 31, and more particularly a first 31a, a second 31b, and a third 31c hollow elements, all in fluid communication via the protuberances 5.
  • the different hollow elements 31a, 31b, 31c have transverse partitions 9 configured to direct the flow towards a channel 35 of a particular hollow element 31. More particularly according to this fifth particular embodiment, the transverse partitions 9 are arranged so as to define flow directions for the first fluid F1 in directions orthogonal to the channels 35 of the hollow elements 31.
  • Such an arrangement of the transverse partitions 9 increases the path traveled by the first fluid F1 in the heat exchange bundle 3, which contributes to improving the heat exchanges between the first F1 and second F2 fluids. Furthermore, such a configuration of the heat exchange bundle 3 also makes it possible to limit the pressure losses linked to the different changes of direction of the first fluid F1.
  • the manufacturing method 100 comprises a step E1 of producing hollow protuberances 5 on at least one face of a hollow element 31. At least a portion of these hollow protuberances 5 has an opening arranged at their second free end 53 opposite their first end 51 arranged in contact with the first hollow element 31a. These hollow protuberances 5 can in particular be produced by stamping the at least one face of this hollow element 31.
  • the manufacturing method 100 then implements a step of preparing a stack E2.
  • This stack comprises at least a first 31a and a second 31b superimposed hollow elements.
  • the face of the first hollow element 31a having the hollow protuberances 5 is arranged opposite the face of the second hollow element 31b having orifices and in such a way that the hollow protuberances 5 cooperate with the orifices in order to allow fluid communication between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • the orifices of the second hollow element 31b correspond to the opening of the second free ends 53 of the protuberances carried by the second hollow element 31b.
  • the manufacturing method 100 then implements a heating and compression step E3 of the stack in order to allow the mechanical connection by brazing of at least the hollow protuberances 5 carried by the first hollow element 31a with the periphery of the orifices carried by the second hollow element 31b in order to form a sealed mechanical connection between the first 31a and second 31b hollow elements.
  • the manufacturing method 100 is simple and quick to implement, in particular due to the reduction in the constituent elements of the heat exchange bundle 3 of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the stack may further comprise two end elements 38, 39 (visible in the figure 1 ) arranged on either side of the superposition of hollow elements 31 and parallel to these hollow elements 31.
  • Each end element 38, 39 has a face arranged opposite a face of a hollow element 31. This face of the end elements 38, 39 is smooth and intended to be brazed with the hollow elements 31 in the stack.
  • the face of the hollow elements 31 arranged opposite the end elements 38, 39 has hollow protuberances 5 in order to form the space 37' for the passage of the second fluid F2 and the brazing of the end elements 38, 39 with the adjacent hollow elements 31.
  • These hollow protuberances 5 may have an opening for the passage of the first fluid F1. This opening is obstructed by the end elements 38, 39 during the formation of the sealed mechanical connection by brazing between the adjacent elements 31, 38, 39.
  • the manufacturing method 100 may include a final step of fixing (not shown) the input 11 and output 13 (visible on the figure 1 ) for the first fluid F1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 having a heat exchange bundle 3 as defined above.
  • the presence of protuberances 5 allows the joining together of at least the various adjacent hollow elements 31 of the heat exchange bundle 3 and allows an increase in the heat exchange surface improving the exchanges between the first F1 and second F2 fluids.
  • the joining of the various adjacent hollow elements 31 of this heat exchange bundle 3 by brazing at the level of the protuberances 5 makes it possible to simplify the structure of the heat exchange bundle 3 and also to ensure good mechanical strength of this heat exchange bundle 3 and therefore of the heat exchanger 1.
  • hollow protuberances 5 allowing fluid communication between at least a first 31a and a second 31b hollow element allows an improvement in the homogenization of the temperature of the first fluid F1 and therefore an improvement in its heat exchanges with the second fluid F2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Wärmetauscher (1), insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend ein Wärmetauschbündel (3) zwischen mindestens einem ersten Medium (F1) und einem zweiten Medium (F2), wobei das Wärmetauschbündel (3) aus mindestens zwei hohen Elementen (31) zusammengesetzt ist, die übereinander liegen und dazu ausgelegt sind, jeweils einen Kanal (35) zu bilden, in dem das erste Medium (F1) zu zirkulieren bestimmt ist, und die Zirkulation des zweiten Mediums (F2) in einem Raum (37) zwischen den übereinander liegenden hohlen Elementen (31) zu ermöglichen,
    wobei mindestens ein hohles Element (31) des Wärmetauschbündels (3) eine Vielzahl von Vorsprüngen (5) aufweist, die sich in dem Raum (37) für die Zirkulation des zweiten Mediums (F2) erstrecken, wobei die Vorsprünge (5) die Verbindung zwischen zwei benachbarten hohlen Elementen (31) herstellen, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    mindestens ein erstes hohles Element (31a) und ein zweites hohles Element (31b), die einander gegenüber angeordnet sind, in Fluidverbindung miteinander durch mindestens einen hohlen Vorsprung (5) stehen, der von mindestens einem der ersten (31a) und/oder zweiten (31b) hohlen Elemente getragen wird, wobei die hohlen Elemente (31) quer verlaufende Trennwände (9) umfassen, die einen Querschnitt des Kanals (35) verschließen, damit das erste Medium (F1) zwischen zwei in Fluidverbindung stehenden benachbarten hohlen Elementen (31) zirkuliert.
  2. Wärmetauscher (1) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste hohle Element (31a) mindestens einen hohlen Vorsprung (5) trägt, der mit einer in dem zweiten hohlen Element (31b) ausgeführten Öffnung zusammenwirkt, die gegenüber dem mindestens einen hohlen Vorsprung (5) des ersten hohlen Elements (31a) angeordnet ist, wobei der hohle Vorsprung (5) die Fluidverbindung zwischen den ersten (31a) und zweiten (31b) hohlen Elementen gewährleistet und eine dichte Verbindung mit der Öffnung bildet.
  3. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten (31a) und zweiten (31b) hohlen Elemente jeweils mindestens einen hohlen Vorsprung (5) aufweisen, wobei der von dem ersten hohlen Element (31a) getragene hohle Vorsprung (5) ein Ende aufweist, das mit einem Ende des von dem zweiten hohlen Element (31a) getragenen hohlen Vorsprungs (5) zusammenwirkt und eine dichte Verbindung mit diesem hohlen Vorsprung (5) des zweiten hohlen Elements (31b) bildet, so dass die Fluidverbindung zwischen den ersten (31a) und zweiten (31b) hohlen Elementen ermöglicht wird.
  4. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vielzahl von Vorsprüngen (5), die von dem mindestens einen hohlen Element (31) getragen wird, hohle Vorsprünge (5) sind, die die Fluidverbindung zwischen den ersten (31a) und zweiten (31b) hohlen Elementen ermöglichen.
  5. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hohlen Vorsprünge (5) eine Form mit konstantem Querschnitt aufweisen, von der ein erstes Ende (51) in Kontakt mit einer Seite des den Vorsprung (5) tragenden hohlen Elements (31) angeordnet ist, und ein zweites freies Ende (53), das entgegengesetzt zu dem ersten Ende (51) und in Kontakt mit dem benachbarten hohlen Element (31) angeordnet ist.
  6. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hohlen Vorsprünge (5) eine Form mit variablem Querschnitt aufweisen, von der ein erstes Ende (51) in Kontakt mit einer Seite des den Vorsprung (5) tragenden hohlen Elements (31) angeordnet ist, und ein zweites freies Ende (53), das entgegengesetzt zu dem ersten Ende (51) ist und in Kontakt mit dem benachbarten hohlen Element (31) angeordnet ist, wobei das erste Ende (51) einen Querschnitt aufweist, dessen Flächeninhalt größer als der des zweiten freien Endes (53) ist.
  7. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hohlen Vorsprünge (5) eine vordere Wand (55) und eine Endwand (57) aufweisen, wobei die vordere Wand (55) die erste in Kontakt mit dem ersten Medium (F1) bei seinem Durchgang an dem hohlen Vorsprung (5) ist.
  8. Wärmetauscher (1) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vordere Wand (55) des hohlen Vorsprungs (5) und der Kanal (35) des hohlen Elements (31) einen Winkel (α) zwischen 0° und 90° (ausschließlich) und insbesondere zwischen 15° und 60° bilden.
  9. Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Endwand (57) des hohlen Vorsprungs (5) und der Kanal (35) des hohlen Elements (31) einen Winkel (β) zwischen 90° und 180° (ausschließlich) und insbesondere zwischen 105° und 150° bilden.
EP20760495.0A 2019-08-23 2020-07-28 Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für ein kraftfahrzeug, und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen wärmetauschers Active EP4018146B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1909370A FR3100058B1 (fr) 2019-08-23 2019-08-23 Echangeur de chaleur notamment pour véhicule automobile et procédé de fabrication d’un tel échangeur de chaleur
PCT/FR2020/051393 WO2021038152A1 (fr) 2019-08-23 2020-07-28 Echangeur de chaleur notamment pour véhicule automobile et procédé de fabrication d'un tel échangeur de chaleur

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EP4018146A1 EP4018146A1 (de) 2022-06-29
EP4018146B1 true EP4018146B1 (de) 2024-09-04

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3757856A (en) 1971-10-15 1973-09-11 Union Carbide Corp Primary surface heat exchanger and manufacture thereof
JPH09196591A (ja) * 1996-01-23 1997-07-31 Sanden Corp 熱交換チューブエレメント及びそれを用いた熱交換器
WO1998044305A1 (en) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-08 Creare Inc. Radial flow heat exchanger
KR100950689B1 (ko) * 2009-04-16 2010-03-31 한국델파이주식회사 플레이트 열교환기
EP2869015B1 (de) 2013-11-05 2017-09-20 MAHLE International GmbH Verfahren zur Verwendung asymmetrisch gewellter Rippen mit Kiemen

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WO2021038152A1 (fr) 2021-03-04
FR3100058A1 (fr) 2021-02-26
EP4018146A1 (de) 2022-06-29

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