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EP4000555B1 - Anatomisches zahnimplantat zur implantation in einen natürlich vorkommenden hohlraum des kieferknochens - Google Patents

Anatomisches zahnimplantat zur implantation in einen natürlich vorkommenden hohlraum des kieferknochens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4000555B1
EP4000555B1 EP20207546.1A EP20207546A EP4000555B1 EP 4000555 B1 EP4000555 B1 EP 4000555B1 EP 20207546 A EP20207546 A EP 20207546A EP 4000555 B1 EP4000555 B1 EP 4000555B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
root part
dental implant
outer section
cavity
struts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20207546.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4000555C0 (de
EP4000555A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Mercelis
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Common Sense Engineering and Consult BVBA
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Common Sense Engineering and Consult BVBA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Common Sense Engineering and Consult BVBA filed Critical Common Sense Engineering and Consult BVBA
Priority to EP20207546.1A priority Critical patent/EP4000555B1/de
Priority to US17/524,936 priority patent/US20220151745A1/en
Publication of EP4000555A1 publication Critical patent/EP4000555A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4000555C0 publication Critical patent/EP4000555C0/de
Publication of EP4000555B1 publication Critical patent/EP4000555B1/de
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0036—Tooth replica
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
    • A61C13/0006—Production methods
    • A61C13/0018—Production methods using laser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
    • A61C13/0006—Production methods
    • A61C13/0019—Production methods using three dimensional printing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/0075—Implant heads specially designed for receiving an upper structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
    • A61C2008/0046—Textured surface, e.g. roughness, microstructure

Definitions

  • the abutment part preferably comprises coupling means, such as a threaded hole for coupling to the dental prosthetic element which comprises complementary coupling means.
  • the abutment part can support a dental prosthetic element through the use of a dental adhesive like dental cement.
  • the implant according to the invention can be used solitary for the replacement of a single tooth, but multiple dental implant according to the invention can be used in combination to replace multiple teeth, e.g. by supporting a dental bridge structure.
  • the set of implants comprises different categories of implants, corresponding to the different types of teeth, for example molars, pre-molars, incisors and canines, or for example corresponding to one of the 32 different individual human teeth.
  • each dental implant has a shape prior to plastic deformation corresponding substantially to the shape of a naturally occurring cavity, i.e. has substantially the same shape but a different size.
  • the dental implant of a given category has a shape corresponding to the shape of the naturally occurring cavity of the corresponding category, for example of the corresponding tooth type or for example of the corresponding individual human tooth out of the 32 individual human teeth.
  • the present invention thus alleviates to perform any of the pre-operative steps of the prior art, i.e. the present invention does not require taking extensive three-dimensional imaging of the naturally occurring cavity, or does not require creating a patient specific dental implant in a manufacturing lab.
  • the required force and stress level to initiate further plastic deformation will be higher than the initial compressive strength, i.e. the compressive strength prior to insertion of the implant into the cavity, as the initial plastic deformation of the structure results in a deformation of the scaffold structure and a reduction of the porosity.
  • the porous structure therefore exhibits a strengthening effect upon plastic deformation, e.g. increasing by 20% over a plastic strain of 15%, such as to avoid further unwanted in vivo deformations of the dental implant for example due to biting a hard object with the dental implant.
  • the present embodiment has the advantage that the outer section deforms plastically at a sufficiently low applied pressure, i.e.
  • the present embodiment has the further advantage that a sufficiently low force needs to be applied for conforming the implant to the size and shape of the naturally occurring cavity, whilst enabling to impart the desired stiffness to the root part of the implant.
  • the stiffness of the root part of the implant matches the stiffness of the bone material surrounding the root part of the implant such as to alleviate "stress shielding" of the bone material surrounding the implant.
  • the outer section of the root part has a lower Mohs hardness than the bone material of the naturally occurring cavity, such that upon insertion of the dental implant into the cavity, the outer section of the root part deforms rather than that the bone material deforms.
  • the entire root part is the outer section i.e. the entire root part has a compressive stress as described above, but optionally the root part comprises an inner section as a transition between the outer section and the abutment part.
  • the outer section however preferably has a thickness, measured perpendicularly to the outer surface of the root part, of at least 1mm, preferably at least 2mm, more preferably at least 5mm, such as to allow sufficient plastic deformation to mold the outer section into the shape and size of the naturally occurring cavity.
  • the inner section preferably has a higher compressive strength than the outer section, but preferably a lower or substantially equal compressive strength than the abutment part.
  • the inner section may be a porous scaffold structure, but can be a fully dense material too.
  • the abutment part has a compressive strength which is substantially higher than the compressive strength of the outer section, preferably above 50MPa, more preferably above 100MPa, most preferably above 200MPa.
  • the compressive strength of the root part gradually increases along the root part from a low compressive strength at a position adjacent to the outer surface of the outer section towards a higher compressive strength at a position adjacent to the abutment part.
  • the gradient is for example a linear gradient.
  • the higher compressive strength adjacent to the abutment part is for example substantially equal to the compressive strength of the abutment part.
  • Providing a gradient, in particular a linear gradient alleviates stress concentrations at boundaries between the regions of substantially different compressive strength, while ensuring that the plastic deformation takes place at the outer border of the implant root.
  • the increasing gradient of compressive strength is for example obtained by decreasing the porosity of the porous structure of the root part or by increasing the width of the struts of the porous structure or by decreasing the length of the struts of the porous structure as will be explained below.
  • the outer section of the root part has a strain at fracture above 15%, preferably above 20%. Providing such strains at fracture ensures that the dental implant is ductile enough to deform into the size and shape of the naturally occurring cavity in the jawbone without breaking.
  • the strain is preferably an engineering strain, i.e. the ratio of elongation or reduction of the macro geometry sample to the initial length of said sample as measured by the machine performing the compression test.
  • the Poisson ratio of the structure of the outer section of the root part is positive, such that the structure of the outer section expands laterally into lateral bores of the naturally occurring cavity upon exerting a compressive force on the occlusive side of the dental implant.
  • the root part resides in the entire naturally occurring cavity, i.e. does not merely comprise a contour that abuts the cavity walls.
  • the root part which is possibly a porous structure as will be described below, for example completely fills the naturally occurring cavity, i.e. besides the presence of the pores of the porous structure.
  • This embodiment provides a more stable anchoring of the dental implant in the naturally occurring cavity.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the root part is a porous structure as explained below, such as to optimally induce bone growth throughout the entire root part.
  • the dental implant in particular the root part of the dental implant, is made from a biocompatible material such as titanium based material for example a titanium alloy or commercially pure titanium.
  • a biocompatible material such as titanium based material for example a titanium alloy or commercially pure titanium.
  • the outer section of the root part is made from a more ductile material than the inner section of the root part and/or than the abutment part.
  • the outer section of the root part is for example made from commercially pure titanium, and the inner section and/or the abutment part is for example made of a titanium alloy.
  • At least the outer section of the root part is a porous structure comprising a three-dimensional network of open interconnected pores.
  • the inner section may be a porous structure, but can be a fully dense material too. It has been shown in the state of the art that porous structures tend to induce bone growth into the porous structure, thereby providing a more stable anchoring of the implant in the cavity.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the porous structure is made from a biocompatible material in which case the osseoconductivity of the porous structure is drastically improved.
  • the three-dimensional network of open interconnected pores is formed by a three-dimensional network of struts having opposite ends, wherein struts are interconnected at their ends to form a plurality of nodes, and wherein at least three struts are interconnected in each node.
  • Such structure is for example easily obtained using additive manufacturing techniques such as for example selective laser melting.
  • the three dimensional network of struts is formed by a repetition of unit cells, for example by a repetition of body cubic centered unit cells of which the lattice points correspond to the nodes of the three dimensional network of struts.
  • the abutment part 7 and root part 6 are formed together, in particular by additive manufacturing, such as to form a continuous structure.
  • the abutment part 7 and the root part 6 could be manufactured as separate bodies, while protrusion 9 of the abutment part could for example comprise a thread that is received in a corresponding screw hole of the root part.
  • the abutment part 7 may be made from a different material than the root part 6.
  • the additive manufacturing is performed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology in combination with selective power dispensing technology.
  • This porous structure is a three-dimensional network of open interconnected pores formed by a three-dimensional network of struts 16 having opposite ends, wherein struts 16 are interconnected at their ends to form a plurality of nodes 17, and wherein struts 16 are interconnected in each node 17.
  • the struts 16 form body cubic centered unit cells of which the lattice points correspond to the nodes 17 of the three dimensional network of struts 16.
  • the strut width d1, and the unit cell length l1 in the outer section 13 have been chosen such that the outer section 13 deform plastically upon insertion of the root part 6 in the cavity 2.
  • the strut width d2, and the unit cell length l2 in the inner section 18 have been chosen such that the inner section 13 does not deform plastically upon insertion of the root part 6 in the cavity 2.
  • the unit cell lengths l1, l2 may decrease along a gradient from the outer surface 11 of the outer section 13 towards the abutment part 7, such as to reduce discrete jumps in macro geometry for example between the root part 6 and the abutment part 7, thereby avoiding stress concentrations.
  • the macro geometry of the abutment part 7 is a solid structure, i.e. comprising substantially no pores.
  • the inner section 18 of the root part 6 may be a fully dense material.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Ein anatomisches Zahnimplantat (5), angeordnet, um in einen natürlich vorkommenden Hohlraum (1) des Kieferknochens (3) implantiert zu werden, wobei das Implantat (5) an seiner apikalen Seite ein Wurzelteil (6) umfasst, angeordnet, um das Implantat (5) im Hohlraum (1) zu verankern, und an seiner okklusalen Seite ein Aufbauteil (7), angeordnet, um ein Zahnprothesenelement (8) zu tragen, wobei das Wurzelteil (6) eine Außenfläche (11) umfasst, angeordnet, um mit den Hohlraumwänden (12) in Kontakt zu kommen, und wobei das Wurzelteil (6) einen äußeren Abschnitt (13) umfasst, angrenzend an die Außenfläche (11) des Wurzelteils (6),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest der äußere Abschnitt
    des Wurzelteils (6) eine poröse Struktur ist, welche ein dreidimensionales Netzwerk von offenen vernetzten Poren umfasst, sodass der äußere Abschnitt (13) des Wurzelteils (6) angeordnet ist, um sich beim Einführen des Wurzelteils (6) in den Hohlraum (2) plastisch so zu verformen, dass sich das Wurzelteil (6) im Wesentlichen an die Form und Größe des Hohlraums (2) angleicht.
  2. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach dem ersten Anspruch, wobei der äußere Abschnitt (13) des Wurzelteils (6) eine Druckfestigkeit vor plastischer Verformung von weniger als 10 MPa, bevorzugt weniger als 5 MPa hat.
  3. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei das Aufbauteil (7) eine Druckfestigkeit hat, die höher als die Druckfestigkeit des äußeren Abschnitts (13) ist, bevorzugt über 50 MPa.
  4. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei die Druckfestigkeit des Wurzelteils (6) entlang des Wurzelteils (6) graduell von einer geringen Druckfestigkeit an einer Position angrenzend an die Außenfläche (11) des äußeren Abschnitts (13) bis zu einer höheren Druckfestigkeit an einer Position angrenzend an das Aufbauteil (7) zunimmt.
  5. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei der äußere Abschnitt (13) des Wurzelteils (6) eine Bruchdehnung über 15 %, bevorzugt über 20 % hat.
  6. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei das dreidimensionale Netzwerk von offenen vernetzten Poren durch ein dreidimensionales Netzwerk von Streben (16) mit gegenüberliegenden Enden geformt ist, wobei Streben (16) an ihren Enden vernetzt sind, um eine Vielzahl von Knoten (17) zu formen, und wobei mindestens drei Streben (16) in jedem Knoten (17) vernetzt sind.
  7. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach dem vorigen Anspruch, wobei das dreidimensionale Netzwerk von Streben (16) durch kubisch raumzentrierte Elementarzellen geformt ist, deren Gitterpunkte den Knoten (17) des dreidimensionalen Netzwerks von Streben (16) entsprechen.
  8. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche 6 bis 7, wobei die Länge der Streben (16) der porösen Struktur im äußeren Abschnitt (13) des Wurzelteils (6) zwischen 1 mm und 5 mm beträgt.
  9. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche 6 bis 8, wobei die Breite der Streben (16) der porösen Struktur im äußeren Abschnitt (13) des Wurzelteils (6) zwischen 50 µm und 400 µm beträgt.
  10. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche 6 bis 9, wobei das Verhältnis von Länge zu Breite der Streben (16) der porösen Struktur im äußeren Abschnitt (13) zwischen 5 und 25 beträgt.
  11. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei die Porosität der porösen Struktur des äußeren Abschnitts (13) des Wurzelteils (6) zwischen 80 % und 99,5 % beträgt.
  12. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach dem vorigen Anspruch, wobei die Porosität der porösen Struktur des Wurzelteils (6) entlang des Wurzelteils (6) graduell von einer hohen Porosität an einer Position angrenzend an die Außenfläche (11) des äußeren Abschnitts (13) bis zu einer geringeren Porosität an einer Position angrenzend an das Aufbauteil (7) abnimmt.
  13. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei das Wurzelteil (6) eine Form vor plastischer Verformung hat, welche im Wesentlichen der Form des Wurzelteils eines natürlichen Zahns entspricht.
  14. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei das Material, welches das Wurzelteil (6) bildet, anders ist als das Material, welches das Aufbauteil (7) bildet.
  15. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei das Aufbauteil (7) so zusammen mit dem Wurzelteil (6) geformt ist, dass das Wurzelteil (6) und das Aufbauteil (7) eine durchlaufende Struktur bilden.
  16. Das anatomische Zahnimplantat (5) nach den vorigen Ansprüchen 14 bis 15, wobei der Übergang des Materials von dem Wurzelteil (6) zu dem Aufbauteil (7) ein gradueller Übergang ist.
  17. Verfahren zur Herstellung des anatomischen Zahnimplantats (5) nach irgendeinem der vorigen Ansprüche, wobei das Implantat (5) unter Einsatz von generativer Fertigung hergestellt wird.
  18. Verfahren nach dem vorigen Anspruch zur Herstellung des Zahnimplantats (5) nach den Ansprüchen 14 und 15, wobei die generative Fertigung durch LPBF-Technologie (Laser Powder Bed Fusion) in Kombination mit selektiver Leistungsabgabetechnologie durchgeführt wird.
EP20207546.1A 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Anatomisches zahnimplantat zur implantation in einen natürlich vorkommenden hohlraum des kieferknochens Active EP4000555B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20207546.1A EP4000555B1 (de) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Anatomisches zahnimplantat zur implantation in einen natürlich vorkommenden hohlraum des kieferknochens
US17/524,936 US20220151745A1 (en) 2020-11-13 2021-11-12 Anatomical dental implant arranged to be implanted in a naturally occurring cavity of the jawbone

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20207546.1A EP4000555B1 (de) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Anatomisches zahnimplantat zur implantation in einen natürlich vorkommenden hohlraum des kieferknochens

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP4000555A1 EP4000555A1 (de) 2022-05-25
EP4000555C0 EP4000555C0 (de) 2024-07-10
EP4000555B1 true EP4000555B1 (de) 2024-07-10

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EP3799825A1 (de) * 2019-10-02 2021-04-07 Ruetschi Technology AG Gewindeloses zahnimplantat, system mit einem gewindelosen zahnimplantat und verfahren zur befestigung eines gewindelosen zahnimplantats
CN111895015B (zh) * 2020-07-03 2022-07-08 重庆大学 基于增材制造的变体梯度点阵结构
EP3932363A1 (de) * 2020-07-03 2022-01-05 Ruetschi Technology SA Gewindeloses zahnimplantat mit befestigungszähnen und verfahren zur befestigung eines gewindelosen zahnimplantats

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US20220151745A1 (en) 2022-05-19
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