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EP3924283B1 - Elevator system with grounded elevator car - Google Patents

Elevator system with grounded elevator car Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3924283B1
EP3924283B1 EP20705164.0A EP20705164A EP3924283B1 EP 3924283 B1 EP3924283 B1 EP 3924283B1 EP 20705164 A EP20705164 A EP 20705164A EP 3924283 B1 EP3924283 B1 EP 3924283B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
elevator
running body
installation according
elevator installation
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Application number
EP20705164.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3924283A1 (en
Inventor
Martin MADERA
Michael Kirsch
Philippe Gainche
Jürgen FRANTZHELD
Thomas Georg HORN
Max Mairle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TK Elevator Innovation and Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
TK Elevator Innovation and Operations GmbH
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Publication of EP3924283A1 publication Critical patent/EP3924283A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
    • B66B7/04—Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes
    • B66B7/046—Rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator system with at least one elevator car which can be moved in a direction of travel along the elevator shaft.
  • Elevator systems are used to transport passengers between different floors of a building.
  • a car is moved between floors within an elevator shaft.
  • Classically the car is connected to a counterweight via a supporting cable, with the cable running over a driven traction sheave.
  • Alternative elevator systems no longer use counterweights and are driven by linear drives that are integrated into the rails and elevator cars.
  • the elevator car is then equipped, for example, with permanent magnets, which are subjected to magnetic fields by coils arranged along the elevator shaft. This transfers the driving force to the car.
  • traditional elevator cars are connected to the shaft wall of the elevator shaft via a hanging cable.
  • This hanging cable ensures that the car is supplied with energy, which is used, for example, to operate the interior lighting of the car and the control elements inside the car.
  • energy which is used, for example, to operate the interior lighting of the car and the control elements inside the car.
  • the car is not only moved up and down, but also between several vertically extending elevator shafts.
  • Such an elevator system is known, for example, from JP H06-48672 .
  • Any connection between the car and the shaft wall via a cable, in particular a hanging cable for the energy supply can therefore only be implemented with great difficulty in such systems.
  • the car is supplied with energy, for example via energy storage in the car.
  • These energy storage devices are then occasionally charged during a stop of the car by briefly bringing a current collector of the car into contact with a power source.
  • a possible embodiment variant is in the DE 10 2016 223 913 described.
  • the WO 2018 234174 A1 describes a guidance of cars by means of roller guides along guide rails, with second rollers being arranged in such a way that they can be rolled with their respective running surface on a different rolling surface of the guide rail than first rollers in order to prevent the roller resting on the rolling surface from sinking when driving over guide rail joints a conventional roller guide with only one roller.
  • WO 2018 234174 A1 discloses the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an elevator system in which charging of the elevator car is largely avoided even without a cable or rope connection of the elevator car to the building.
  • This object is achieved by an elevator system according to claim 1.
  • This elevator system comprises at least one elevator car movable in an elevator shaft along a guide rail.
  • the elevator system has at least one first roller, via which the car is electrically conductively connected to the guide rail.
  • the roller is arranged between the car and the guide rail.
  • the first role is as a grounding role educated.
  • the first roller thus provides a permanent electrically conductive connection between the car and the guide rail, so that the car cannot become highly charged.
  • the permanent contact ensures that no voltage peaks can occur during discharging.
  • the first roller is advantageously guided along the guide rail when the car is moved.
  • the at least one car is also guided along the guide rail during the movement.
  • the guide rail is electrically grounded.
  • the guide rail is therefore also a grounding rail.
  • the first roller has a first running body with a running surface and a first central body, the electrical resistance between the running surface and the first central body being less than 10 5 ohms (ie 100 kOhm), in particular less than 2 ⁇ 10 4 ohms (ie 20 kOhm). In particular, the resistance is between 5x10 3 ohms and 1.5x10 4 ohms (i.e. between 5 kOhm and 15 kOhm).
  • Guide rollers for elevator cars typically have a cylindrical, metallic central body.
  • the running body is then arranged around this central body.
  • This usually consists of an insulating plastic. Therefore, with ordinary guide rollers there is no conductive connection between the car and the guide rails.
  • the first running body is specially developed so that the electrical resistance between the outer running surface and the inner central body is in the above-mentioned range.
  • the first roller has a first running body with a running surface, the first running body having an end face with a coating to increase conductivity. Applying a coating is a relatively simple way to create suitable conductivity without significantly changing the running properties of the first roll.
  • the first running body can be made from a known material. The running properties of the first running body are therefore known.
  • the coating on the front side has no significant influence on the running properties.
  • the first roller has a first running body with a running surface, the running body comprising a plastic with an additive to increase conductivity.
  • the entire first running body itself is now used as an electrical connection for grounding. This ensures stable, permanent electrical contact between the car and the guide rail.
  • the addition to increase conductivity means that the first running body itself acts as a grounding conductor. The electrical contact between the first roller and the guide rail is thus ensured through the entire contact area of the first running body with the guide rail. The electrical connection is therefore particularly stable against interruptions.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane is used in particular as the plastic for the first running body. This material is known for guide rollers and has good long-term stability and little abrasion.
  • Conductive additives to increase conductivity include, for example, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or at least one salt. Embedding these substances in plastic has been well tested and has only a minor influence on the physical properties of the plastic.
  • the first roller comprises a second running body, the electrical resistance of the first running body being lower than the electrical resistance of the second running body.
  • the first roller therefore comprises two running bodies, one of the running bodies, in particular the first running body, being suitably modified in order to perform the grounding function.
  • the other running body, in particular the second running body remains unchanged and serves as a guide role.
  • This division means that the first roller can be used as a normal guide roller and at the same time serves as a ground.
  • the second running body in particular is harder than the first running body, so that the first running body is relieved.
  • the forces between The car and guide rails are therefore transmitted via the second running body, which is designed like a normal running body of a guide roller, while the electrical line runs over the first running body.
  • the fact that the forces between the car and the guide rail essentially extend over the second running body results in more options when designing the first running body, in particular when choosing an additive to increase conductivity. Softer materials or materials with higher abrasion can also be used for the first running body.
  • the first roller is mounted on a roller carrier of the elevator car.
  • the roller carrier is electrically conductive.
  • the first roller is resiliently mounted on the roller carrier of the car. This has the advantage that the first roller is pressed against the guide rails with a preset pressure force. This force can be adjusted so that on the one hand there is a permanent electrically conductive connection, but on the other hand the first roller is not subjected to excessive mechanical stress due to unnecessarily high forces.
  • the first roller is arranged on a shaft, in particular on an electrically conductive shaft.
  • the shaft is advantageously arranged on the roller carrier.
  • the shaft additionally comprises a sliding contact, in particular a slip ring, with the electrically conductive connection between the car and the guide rail taking place via the sliding contact and the first roller.
  • the sliding contact, in particular the slip ring advantageously ensures that a low-wear and low-resistance transition is produced between the stationary part, in particular the roller carrier, and the rotating part of the grounding roller.
  • a contact element in particular a multi-strand cable, connects the sliding contact, in particular the slip ring, to the car in an electrically conductive manner.
  • a multi-strand cable advantageously represents a cost-effective contact element.
  • the relative movement of the shaft to the roller carrier that occurs during operation of the elevator system is compensated for via the contact element.
  • a defined resistance between the car and the guide rail can be set, which would not be possible, for example, with grounding alone via conductive rollers running on rails. This is because when grounding is done solely via running rollers, the resistance is influenced by dirt or oil on the rails, the condition of the roller bearings, their lubrication or wear on the running surfaces.
  • the elevator system comprises a pressing device, wherein the first roller is pressed against the guide rail by means of the pressing device, in particular also when the elevator car is moving.
  • Driving over gaps therefore advantageously has no influence on the grounding of the car.
  • gaps can be present, in particular in multi-car elevator systems driven by linear motor drives, during the transition to the so-called exchanger, which enables the car to be changed between different elevator shafts, for example from a vertical elevator shaft to a horizontal elevator shaft.
  • the pressing device comprises a bearing in which the shaft is rotatably mounted.
  • the bearing is in particular a roller bearing, more particularly a ball bearing.
  • the bearing is electrically insulated from the roller carrier, preferably by arranging at least one insulation element between the bearing and the roller carrier.
  • the bearing that supports the rotating part, i.e. in particular the shaft is electrically insulated from the stationary part, i.e. in particular from the roller carrier, in order to ensure that the charges are always transferred to the rotating part via the sliding contact, in particular the slip ring. i.e. in particular the wave, are transmitted.
  • a further embodiment of the elevator system provides that the elevator system comprises at least one guide roller, which is arranged between the car and the guide rail in such a way that the first roller is relieved of load. This ensures that the forces required for guidance are transmitted between the car and the guide rails via the guide roller and not about the first role. This results in more options when designing the first running body, especially when choosing an additive to increase conductivity. Softer materials or materials with higher abrasion can also be used for the first running body.
  • the elevator system comprises a discharge element.
  • the first roller has a first running body, the first running body being designed such that a roller axis of the first roller has a smaller distance from the guide rail in a static state than in a dynamic state. This causes the discharge element to be in contact with the guide rail in the static state and moved away from the guide rail in the dynamic state. This ensures that every time the car stops, electrical contact is established between the car and the guide rails via the discharge element. At the same time, the electrical contact is interrupted again when the car starts moving. This means that the discharge element does not rub against the guide rail while driving. This change in distance is particularly advantageous due to the dynamic behavior of the material of the first running body.
  • the first running body has a soft material, in particular a soft plastic, in particular a soft elastomer.
  • the first running body is then pressed in by the forces between the car and the guide rail.
  • the dynamic distance, i.e. the distance during travel, between the roller axis and the guide rails is therefore greater than the static distance. This change in distance ensures that the electrical contact between the discharge element and the guide rail is established when stopping and is interrupted again when starting. No additional control or regulation is required, which makes it particularly cost-effective to use.
  • Fig.1 shows a ropeless elevator system 20 in an exemplary embodiment that can be used in a structure or building 22 with different levels or floors 24.
  • the elevator system 20 comprises an elevator shaft 26 and at least one elevator car 28 that is movable in the elevator shaft in a direction of travel.
  • the elevator shaft 26 can, for example, comprise three tracks 30, 32, 34. Any number of cars 28 can be moved along one of the lanes 30, 32, 34 in any direction of travel (upward or downward). For example, as shown, the cars 28 may travel in an upward direction on the lanes 30 and 34, while the cars 28 may travel in a downward direction on the lane 32.
  • Above the top floor 24 there is an upper transfer device 36, which enables the cars 28 to change between the lanes 30, 32, 34.
  • a lower transfer device 38 which also enables the cars 28 to change between the lanes 30, 32, 34.
  • the upper and lower transfer devices 36, 38 can be arranged alternatively in the top and bottom floors 24 themselves instead of above or below the top and bottom floors 24.
  • the transfer devices can also be in any intermediate location Be located on floor 24.
  • the elevator system 20 can have one or more Has transfer devices which are arranged in the vertical direction between an upper and a lower transfer device 36,38.
  • the linear drive 40 has primary parts 42 (for example four primary parts shown in Fig.2 ), which are arranged in a stationary manner.
  • the primary parts are at least indirectly attached to a shaft wall.
  • the linear drive has movable secondary parts 44 (for example four secondary parts 44 in Fig.2 ).
  • the primary parts 42 include coils 48 which are arranged on one or both sides of the road.
  • the secondary parts 44 comprise permanent magnets 50 which are attached to one or both sides of the cars 28.
  • the primary parts 42 generate a magnetic field based on a control signal. In this way, the secondary parts 44 are subjected to a force in order to realize a movement of the cars 28 in their tracks 30, 32, 34.
  • a first pair of secondary parts 44 of the linear actuator 40 is attached to a first side of the car 28, and a second pair of secondary parts 44 is attached to an opposite side of the car 28.
  • the primary parts are arranged between the secondary parts 44 of a pair.
  • any number of secondary parts 44 can be attached to the car 28 and can interact with any number of primary parts 42, which are arranged in a stationary manner.
  • Fig.4 shows an enlarged detail of an elevator system 20. Shown is a side view of the car 28 and the guide rail 52.
  • a first roller 54 is arranged between the car 28 and the guide rail 52.
  • the first roller 54 has a first central body 56 and a first running body 58.
  • the first central body 56 is typically made of metal and in particular includes a bearing that ensures the rotation of the first roller about a central axis.
  • the running body 58 encloses the central body 56 and has a substantially cylindrical shape with two end faces and a running surface. While the car 28 is moving, the first roller 54 rolls on the guide rail 52.
  • the running surface 60 touches the guide rail 52.
  • the running body 58 has a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the first roller 54 is designed as a grounding roller. This means that any tension that has built up on the car can be discharged through the first roller. This is only possible to a very limited extent with ordinary guide rollers, since the running body 58 of ordinary guide rollers is made of an insulating material. In contrast, the first roller 54 shown has a running body 58 with increased conductivity. The electrical resistance between the tread 60 and the central body 56 is in the range of 10 4 ohms. This increased conductivity is achieved by adding an additive to the material of the running body 58 to increase the conductivity.
  • the running body 58 comprises a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic polyurethane, to which a corresponding additive is added.
  • the additive can include, for example, fibers, in particular carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or at least one salt.
  • abrasion can increase and thus reduce the durability of the first roller 54.
  • fibers in particular carbon fibers, or carbon nanotubes
  • the further problem arises that the fibers or carbon nanotubes can break when the material is stressed.
  • Such a material load can occur with guide rollers, since larger forces are sometimes transmitted from the car to the guide rail via the guide roller.
  • these forces do not act evenly, but always at a different point on the running body of the guide roller due to the rolling of the guide roller on the guide rail.
  • This constant flexing can also cause the fibers or carbon nanotubes to break. Breaking the fibers or carbon nanotubes has the disadvantage that the conductivity is reduced and the desired effect no longer comes into play over time.
  • the first roller 54 is resiliently mounted on a roller carrier 62 of the car 28.
  • the roller axis 64 of the first roller 54 is connected to the roller carrier 62 via the connecting element 66 and the spring 68 tied together.
  • the spring 68 is in Fig.4 shown schematically as a mechanical spring. Alternatively, hydraulic or pneumatic suspension can also be used.
  • the elevator system 20 includes at least one guide roller 70, which is arranged between the car 28 and the guide rail 52.
  • the guide roller 70 is arranged adjacent to the first roller 54 on the car 28. In this arrangement, the transmission of forces between the car 28 and the guide rail 52 takes place via the guide roller 70.
  • the first roller 54 is simply pressed against the guide rail 52 using the spring 68 so that the electrical contact between the first roller 54 and the guide rail 52 remains stable.
  • FIG.5 shows a top view of the area between the car 28 and the guide rail 52.
  • a first roller 54 is arranged between the car 28 and the guide rail 52.
  • the first roller 54 has a first central body 56 and a first running body 58.
  • the first roller 54 includes a second running body 72. Due to the view from above, the central body 56 is covered by the two running bodies 58 and 72.
  • the second running body 72 is harder than the first running body 58.
  • the power transmission between the car 28 and the guide rail 52 therefore essentially takes place via the second running body 72.
  • the first running body 58 is relieved of the load.
  • the first running body 58 serves to ensure that a tension that has built up on the car 28 can be discharged via the first running body 58.
  • the first running body 58 has an electrical resistance that is lower than the electrical resistance of the second running body 72.
  • the first running body 72 is designed as in the embodiment according to Fig.1 .
  • Fig.6 shows an embodiment of the first roller 54 as a grounding roller.
  • the representation corresponds to the representation of Fig.5 where the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the discharge of the voltage is achieved in that the first running body 58 has an end face 74 with a coating 76 to increase conductivity. In this case, the tension is diverted into the guide rail 52 via the central body 58 and the coating 76.
  • this version can also be used with the Embodiments of the Figures 4 and/or 5 can be combined so that each effect contributes to the desired higher conductivity.
  • the Figures 7a and 7b show a further alternative variant for executing the first roller 54 as a grounding roller.
  • the representation corresponds to the representation of Fig.4 , whereby the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the elevator system comprises a discharge element 78 and the first running body 58 has a soft material, in particular a soft plastic, particularly preferably a soft elastomer.
  • Figure 7a shows the arrangement when the car 28 is at a standstill. Due to the soft material of the first running body 58, the first running body 58 is pressed in. The roller axis 64 then has a static distance ds from the guide rail 52.
  • the discharge element 78 is in contact with the guide rail 52, so that there is an electrical connection between the elevator car 28 and the guide rails 52 to ground.
  • Figure 7B shows the same arrangement with a moving car 28.
  • the dynamic behavior of the soft material of the first running body 58 rolls of the running body
  • This increase in distance causes the discharge element 78 to move away from the guide rail 52.
  • the discharge element 78 does not drag along the guide rail 52 while driving, so that there is no excessive wear.
  • the discharge element 78 is attached to the car 28 via the holder of the first roller 54. Alternatively, it is also possible to attach the discharge element 78 directly to the car 28.
  • Figure 8 shows a further advantageous embodiment of an elevator system designed according to the invention, wherein in Figure 8 Only the arrangement of the grounding structure on the car 28 is shown in a sectional view.
  • the car 28 can be a car in connection with Figure 1 elevator system explained.
  • a roller carrier 62 is arranged on the car 28.
  • the roller carrier 62 is designed to be electrically conductive and is connected to the car 28 in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the Roller carrier 62 includes a pressing device 88 with a bearing 90, in particular a ball bearing.
  • a shaft 84 is rotatably received by the bearing 90.
  • a first roller 54 designed as a grounding roller is arranged on the shaft 84, the shaft 84 and the roller 54 being designed to be electrically conductive.
  • the roller 54 is in contact with a grounded guide rail 52.
  • the pressing device 88 which can in particular comprise a spring-damper combination, presses the shaft 84 in the direction of the guide rail 52, so that the roller 54 is pressed against the guide rail 52 and also remains in constant contact with the guide rail 52 when the car 28 is moved.
  • the force with which the roller 54 is pressed against the guide rail 52 by the pressing device 88 is adjusted so that, on the one hand, there is a permanent electrically conductive connection between the guide rail 52 and the grounding roller 54 and, on the other hand, the grounding roller is not subjected to excessive mechanical stress due to unnecessarily high forces becomes.
  • the shaft 84 further comprises a sliding contact 80 designed as a slip ring.
  • An electrically conductive contact with the car 28 is established via a multi-strand cable as a contact element 82.
  • the sliding contact 80 ensures a low-wear and low-resistance transition between the car 28 and the shaft 84 or grounding roller 54.
  • the multi-strand cable also advantageously compensates for the relative movement of the shaft 84 to the roller carrier 62 or to the car 28 that occurs when the car 28 is moved. Load differences or different electrical potentials between the car 28 and the grounded guide rail 52 are compensated for via the contact element 82, the sliding contact 80, the shaft 84 and the grounding roller 54. So that potential equalization or current flow always occurs via the sliding contact 80 to the rotating part of the grounding structure, the bearing 90 is electrically insulated from the roller carrier 62 by means of insulators 86.

Landscapes

  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aufzuganlage mit wenigstens einem Fahrkorb, der in eine Fahrtrichtung entlang des Aufzugsschachtes verfahrbar ist. Aufzugsanlagen dienen der Beförderung von Passagieren zwischen verschiedenen Stockwerken eines Gebäudes. Hierzu wird ein Fahrkorb innerhalb eines Aufzugsschachtes zwischen den Stockwerken verfahren. Klassisch ist der Fahrkorb hierzu über ein Tragseil mit einem Gegengewicht verbunden, wobei das Seil über eine angetriebene Treibscheibe verläuft. Alternative Aufzuganlagen verwenden dagegen keine Gegengewichte mehr und werden mit Linearantrieben angetrieben, die in die Schienen und Fahrkörbe integriert sind. Der Fahrkorb ist dann beispielsweise mit Permanentmagneten bestückt, die durch entlang des Aufzugschachtes angeordnete Spulen mit Magnetfeldern beaufschlagt werden. Hierdurch wird die Antriebskraft auf den Fahrkorb übertragen. Zusätzlich sind traditionelle Fahrkörbe über ein Hängekabel mit der Schachtwand des Aufzugschachtes verbunden. Über dieses Hängekabel wird eine Energieversorgung des Fahrkorbs gewährleistet, die beispielsweise dazu dient, die Innenbeleuchtung des Fahrkorbs und die Steuerungselemente im Inneren des Fahrkorbs zu betreiben. Bei neueren Aufzugsystemen wird der Fahrkorb jedoch nicht nur aufwärts und abwärts verfahren, sondern auch zwischen mehreren sich vertikal erstreckenden Aufzugschächten. Ein derartiges Aufzugssystem ist beispielsweise bekannt aus der JP H06-48672 . Jegliche Verbindung des Fahrkorbs mit der Schachtwand über ein Kabel, insbesondere ein Hängekabel zur Energieversorgung, ist bei solchen Systemen daher nur mit großen Schwierigkeiten zu realisieren. Stattdessen wird die Energieversorgung des Fahrkorbs beispielsweise über Energiespeicher im Fahrkorb realisiert. Diese Energiespeicher werden dann gelegentlich während eines Halts des Fahrkorbs geladen, indem ein Stromabnehmer des Fahrkorbs mit einer Stromquelle kurzfristig in Kontakt gebracht wird. Eine mögliche Ausführungsvariante ist in der DE 10 2016 223 913 beschrieben. Der Verzicht auf permanente leitende Verbindungen, wie z.B. Tragseil, Unterseil, Hängekabel, Schleifkontakte, zwischen dem Fahrkorb und dem Aufzugschacht führt jedoch zu dem Problem, dass sich während der Fahrt des Fahrkorbs eine statische Aufladung des Fahrkorbs aufbaut. Dies liegt zum einen an der Reibung der Kunststoffrollen an den Führungsschienen. Zum anderen bewirkten die Magnetfelder des Linearantriebs ebenfalls eine Ladungstrennung bei leitenden Elementen des Fahrkorbs. Insbesondere kann dabei sogar das elektrische Potential an unterschiedlichen Stellen der Kabine voneinander abweichen. Stellt man nun bei einem Halt des Fahrkorbs eine leitende Verbindung zum Gebäude her, beispielsweise durch den oben genannten Stromabnehmer oder auch durch Fahrgäste, die den Fahrkorb betreten, so kommt es zu einer Entladung mit einer Spannungsspitze. Durch eine solche Aufladung bzw. die Spannungsspitze beim Entladen können empfindliche elektrische Bauteile beschädigt werden. Zudem ist eine Entladung über Passagiere selbstverständlich zu vermeiden, um jegliche gesundheitlichen Risiken auszuschließen. Die elektrischen Bauteile könnten prinzipiell so ausgelegt werden, dass sie die Aufladung bzw. die Spannungsspitze tolerieren. Dies würde jedoch die Verwendung von deutlich teureren elektrischen Bauteilen in der Fahrkorbelektronik erforderlich machen. Außerdem würde das zweite Problem, des Risikos der Entladung über Passagiere weiterhin bestehen. Das Problem, dass das Potential des Fahrkorbs von dem seine Umgebung abweichen kann, und sogar verschiedene Teile des Fahrkorbs unterschiedliche Potentiale aufweisen können, ist auch ein Problem für die Datenübertragung. Denn diese setzt oftmals ein definiertes Potential als Bezugsgröße für die Bestimmung der Logik-Zustände aller Kommunikationsteilnehmer voraus. Die WO 2018 234174 A1 beschreibt eine Führung von Fahrkörben mittels Rollenführungen entlang von Führungsschienen, wobei zweite Rollen derart angeordnet sind, dass sie mit ihrer jeweiligen Lauffläche an einer anderen Abrollfläche der Führungsschiene abrollbar sind als erste Rollen, um beim Überfahren von Führungsschienenstößen ein Einsinken der an der Abrollfläche anliegenden Rolle gegenüber einer herkömmlichen Rollenführung mit nur einer Rolle zu reduzieren. WO 2018 234174 A1 offenbart den Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an elevator system with at least one elevator car which can be moved in a direction of travel along the elevator shaft. Elevator systems are used to transport passengers between different floors of a building. For this purpose, a car is moved between floors within an elevator shaft. Classically, the car is connected to a counterweight via a supporting cable, with the cable running over a driven traction sheave. Alternative elevator systems, on the other hand, no longer use counterweights and are driven by linear drives that are integrated into the rails and elevator cars. The elevator car is then equipped, for example, with permanent magnets, which are subjected to magnetic fields by coils arranged along the elevator shaft. This transfers the driving force to the car. In addition, traditional elevator cars are connected to the shaft wall of the elevator shaft via a hanging cable. This hanging cable ensures that the car is supplied with energy, which is used, for example, to operate the interior lighting of the car and the control elements inside the car. In newer elevator systems, however, the car is not only moved up and down, but also between several vertically extending elevator shafts. Such an elevator system is known, for example, from JP H06-48672 . Any connection between the car and the shaft wall via a cable, in particular a hanging cable for the energy supply, can therefore only be implemented with great difficulty in such systems. Instead, the car is supplied with energy, for example via energy storage in the car. These energy storage devices are then occasionally charged during a stop of the car by briefly bringing a current collector of the car into contact with a power source. A possible embodiment variant is in the DE 10 2016 223 913 described. However, the absence of permanent conductive connections, such as support cable, lower cable, hanging cable, sliding contacts, between the car and the elevator shaft leads to the problem that a static charge builds up in the car while the car is moving. On the one hand, this is due to the friction of the plastic rollers on the guide rails. On the other hand, the magnetic fields of the linear drive also caused charge separation in conductive elements of the car. In particular, the electrical potential can even be at different points in the cabin differ from each other. If a conductive connection to the building is established when the car stops, for example through the pantograph mentioned above or through passengers entering the car, a discharge with a voltage peak occurs. Such charging or the voltage peak during discharging can damage sensitive electrical components. In addition, unloading via passengers must of course be avoided in order to exclude any health risks. In principle, the electrical components could be designed so that they tolerate the charging or the voltage peak. However, this would require the use of significantly more expensive electrical components in the car electronics. In addition, the second problem, the risk of unloading on passengers, would still exist. The problem that the potential of the car can differ from that of its surroundings, and even different parts of the car can have different potentials, is also a problem for data transmission. This often requires a defined potential as a reference value for determining the logic states of all communication participants. The WO 2018 234174 A1 describes a guidance of cars by means of roller guides along guide rails, with second rollers being arranged in such a way that they can be rolled with their respective running surface on a different rolling surface of the guide rail than first rollers in order to prevent the roller resting on the rolling surface from sinking when driving over guide rail joints a conventional roller guide with only one roller. WO 2018 234174 A1 discloses the preamble of independent claim 1.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher eine Aufzuganlage bereitzustellen, bei der auch ohne kabel- oder seilgebundene Verbindung des Fahrkorbs zum Gebäude eine Aufladung des Fahrkorbs weitgehend vermieden wird.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an elevator system in which charging of the elevator car is largely avoided even without a cable or rope connection of the elevator car to the building.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Aufzuganlage gemäß Anspruch 1. Diese Aufzuganlage umfasst mindestens einen in einem Aufzugschacht entlang einer Führungsschiene beweglichen Fahrkorb. Weiterhin weist die Aufzuganlage mindestens eine erste Rolle auf, über die der Fahrkorb elektrisch leitfähig mit der Führungsschiene verbunden ist. Insbesondere ist die Rolle zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschiene angeordnet. Die erste Rolle ist als eine Erdungsrolle ausgebildet. Über die erste Rolle ist somit eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschiene dauerhaft gegeben, sodass sich keine hohe Aufladung des Fahrkorbs ergeben kann. Zudem sorgt der dauerhafte Kontakt dafür, dass beim Entladen keine Spannungsspitzen entstehen können. Die erste Rolle wird dabei beim Verfahren des Fahrkorbs vorteilhafterweise entlang der Führungsschiene geführt. Vorteilhafterweise wird der wenigstens eine Fahrkorb beim Verfahren ebenfalls entlang der Führungsschiene geführt. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Führungsschiene elektrisch geerdet ist. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Führungsschiene somit auch eine Erdungsschiene.This object is achieved by an elevator system according to claim 1. This elevator system comprises at least one elevator car movable in an elevator shaft along a guide rail. Furthermore, the elevator system has at least one first roller, via which the car is electrically conductively connected to the guide rail. In particular, the roller is arranged between the car and the guide rail. The first role is as a grounding role educated. The first roller thus provides a permanent electrically conductive connection between the car and the guide rail, so that the car cannot become highly charged. In addition, the permanent contact ensures that no voltage peaks can occur during discharging. The first roller is advantageously guided along the guide rail when the car is moved. Advantageously, the at least one car is also guided along the guide rail during the movement. In particular, it is provided that the guide rail is electrically grounded. Advantageously, the guide rail is therefore also a grounding rail.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist die erste Rolle einen ersten Laufkörper mit einer Lauffläche und einem ersten Zentralkörper auf, wobei der elektrische Widerstand zwischen der Lauffläche und dem ersten Zentralkörper kleiner 105 Ohm (d.h.100 kOhm), insbesondere kleiner 2×104 Ohm (d.h. 20 kOhm) ist. Insbesondere liegt der Widerstand zwischen 5×103 Ohm und 1.5×104 Ohm (d.h. zwischen 5 kOhm und 15 kOhm).In a preferred development, the first roller has a first running body with a running surface and a first central body, the electrical resistance between the running surface and the first central body being less than 10 5 ohms (ie 100 kOhm), in particular less than 2×10 4 ohms (ie 20 kOhm). In particular, the resistance is between 5x10 3 ohms and 1.5x10 4 ohms (i.e. between 5 kOhm and 15 kOhm).

Führungsrollen für Fahrkörbe weisen typischerweise einen zylindrischen, metallischen Zentralkörper auf. Um diesen Zentralkörper herum ist dann der Laufkörper angeordnet. Diese besteht gewöhnlich aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff. Daher gibt es bei gewöhnlichen Führungsrollen keine leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Fahrkorb und den Führungsschienen. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen ersten Rolle ist der erste Laufkörper jedoch speziell weitergebildet, sodass der elektrische Widerstand zwischen der außenliegenden Lauffläche und dem innen liegenden Zentralkörper im oben genannten Bereich liegt.Guide rollers for elevator cars typically have a cylindrical, metallic central body. The running body is then arranged around this central body. This usually consists of an insulating plastic. Therefore, with ordinary guide rollers there is no conductive connection between the car and the guide rails. However, in the first roller according to the invention, the first running body is specially developed so that the electrical resistance between the outer running surface and the inner central body is in the above-mentioned range.

Die erste Rolle weist einen ersten Laufkörper mit einer Lauffläche auf, wobei der erste Laufkörper eine Stirnseite mit einer Beschichtung zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit aufweist. Das Aufbringen einer Beschichtung ist eine relativ einfache Variante, um eine geeignete Leitfähigkeit zu erzeugen, ohne die Laufeigenschaften der ersten Rolle wesentlich zu verändern. Der erste Laufkörper kann aus einem bekannten Material hergestellt werden. Somit sind die Laufeigenschaften des ersten Laufkörpers bekannt. Die Beschichtung auf der Stirnseite hat keinen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Laufeigenschaften.The first roller has a first running body with a running surface, the first running body having an end face with a coating to increase conductivity. Applying a coating is a relatively simple way to create suitable conductivity without significantly changing the running properties of the first roll. The first running body can be made from a known material. The running properties of the first running body are therefore known. The coating on the front side has no significant influence on the running properties.

Bei einer weiteren speziellen Ausgestaltung weist die erste Rolle einen ersten Laufkörper mit einer Lauffläche auf, wobei der Laufkörper einen Kunststoff mit einem Zusatz zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit umfasst. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der gesamte erste Laufkörper selbst nun als elektrische Verbindung für die Erdung zum Einsatz kommt. Dadurch ist ein stabiler permanenter elektrischer Kontakt zwischen dem Fahrkorb und der Führungsschiene sichergestellt. Bei der vorbeschriebenen seitlichen Beschichtung trägt nur ein kleiner Querschnitt, nämlich der Bereich, in dem die Beschichtung die Führungsschienen berührt, zur elektrischen Leitung bei. Daher kann der elektrische Kontakt an dieser Stelle immer mal wieder unterbrochen sein. Im Gegensatz hierzu führt der Zusatz zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit, dass der erste Laufkörper selbst als Erdungsleiter fungiert. Somit wird der elektrische Kontakt zwischen erste Rolle und Führungsschiene durch den gesamten Kontaktbereich des ersten Laufkörpers mit der Führungsschiene gewährleistet. Die elektrische Verbindung ist daher besonders stabil gegen Unterbrechungen.In a further special embodiment, the first roller has a first running body with a running surface, the running body comprising a plastic with an additive to increase conductivity. This has the advantage that the entire first running body itself is now used as an electrical connection for grounding. This ensures stable, permanent electrical contact between the car and the guide rail. With the lateral coating described above, only a small cross section, namely the area in which the coating touches the guide rails, contributes to the electrical conduction. Therefore, the electrical contact can be interrupted at this point from time to time. In contrast to this, the addition to increase conductivity means that the first running body itself acts as a grounding conductor. The electrical contact between the first roller and the guide rail is thus ensured through the entire contact area of the first running body with the guide rail. The electrical connection is therefore particularly stable against interruptions.

Als Kunststoff für den ersten Laufkörper wird insbesondere ein thermoplastisches Polyurethan verwendet. Dieses Material ist für Führungsrollen bekannt und weist eine gute Langzeitstabilität und wenig Abrieb auf.A thermoplastic polyurethane is used in particular as the plastic for the first running body. This material is known for guide rollers and has good long-term stability and little abrasion.

Leitfähige Zusätze zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit umfassen beispielsweise Kohlenstofffasern, Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen oder mindestens ein Salz. Die Einbettung dieser Stoffe in Kunststoff ist gut erprobt und hat nur geringen Einfluss auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Kunststoffs.Conductive additives to increase conductivity include, for example, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or at least one salt. Embedding these substances in plastic has been well tested and has only a minor influence on the physical properties of the plastic.

Bei einer speziellen Weiterbildung der Aufzuganlage umfasst die erste Rolle einen zweiten Laufkörper, wobei der elektrische Widerstand des ersten Laufkörpers geringer ist als der elektrische Widerstand des zweiten Laufkörpers. Die erste Rolle umfasst also zwei Laufkörper, wobei einer der Laufkörper, insbesondere der erste Laufkörper, geeignet verändert ist, um die Funktion der Erdung wahrzunehmen. Der andere Laufkörper, insbesondere der zweite Laufkörper, bleibt unverändert und dient als Führungsrolle. Durch diese Zweiteilung kann erreicht werden, dass die erste Rolle als eine gewöhnliche Führungsrolle verwendet werden kann und gleichzeitig als Erdung dient. Bei dieser Konfiguration ist insbesondere der zweite Laufkörper härter als der erste Laufkörper, sodass der erste Laufkörper entlastet ist. Die Kräfte zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschienen werden also über den zweiten Laufkörper übertragen, der wie ein gewöhnlicher Laufkörper einer Führungsrolle gestaltet ist, während die elektrische Leitung über den ersten Laufkörper verläuft. Dadurch, dass die Kräfte zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschiene im Wesentlichen über den zweiten Laufkörper verlaufen, ergeben sich mehr Möglichkeiten bei der Ausgestaltung des ersten Laufkörpers, insbesondere bei der Wahl eines Zusatzes zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit. Es können auch weichere Materialien bzw. Materialien mit einem höheren Abrieb für den ersten Laufkörper verwendet werden.In a special development of the elevator system, the first roller comprises a second running body, the electrical resistance of the first running body being lower than the electrical resistance of the second running body. The first roller therefore comprises two running bodies, one of the running bodies, in particular the first running body, being suitably modified in order to perform the grounding function. The other running body, in particular the second running body, remains unchanged and serves as a guide role. This division means that the first roller can be used as a normal guide roller and at the same time serves as a ground. In this configuration, the second running body in particular is harder than the first running body, so that the first running body is relieved. The forces between The car and guide rails are therefore transmitted via the second running body, which is designed like a normal running body of a guide roller, while the electrical line runs over the first running body. The fact that the forces between the car and the guide rail essentially extend over the second running body results in more options when designing the first running body, in particular when choosing an additive to increase conductivity. Softer materials or materials with higher abrasion can also be used for the first running body.

Bei einer weitergebildeten Variante der Aufzuganlage ist die erste Rolle an einem Rollenträger des Fahrkorbs gelagert. Insbesondere ist der Rollenträger dabei elektrisch leitfähig. Vorteilhafterweise ist die erste Rolle an dem Rollenträger des Fahrkorbs federnd gelagert. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die erste Rolle mit einer voreingestellten Andruckkraft an die Führungsschienen angedrückt wird. Diese Kraft lässt sich so einstellen, dass einerseits eine permanente elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung vorliegt, aber andererseits die erste Rolle nicht durch unnötig hohe Kräfte zu stark mechanisch belastet wird.In a further developed variant of the elevator system, the first roller is mounted on a roller carrier of the elevator car. In particular, the roller carrier is electrically conductive. Advantageously, the first roller is resiliently mounted on the roller carrier of the car. This has the advantage that the first roller is pressed against the guide rails with a preset pressure force. This force can be adjusted so that on the one hand there is a permanent electrically conductive connection, but on the other hand the first roller is not subjected to excessive mechanical stress due to unnecessarily high forces.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Aufzuganlage ist die erste Rolle auf einer Welle angeordnet, insbesondere auf einer elektrisch leitfähigen Welle. Die Welle ist vorteilhafterweise an dem Rollenträger angeordnet. Dabei ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass die Welle zusätzlich einen Gleitkontakt, insbesondere einen Schleifring, umfasst, wobei die elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung zwischen dem Fahrkorb und der Führungsschiene über den Gleitkontakt und die erste Rolle erfolgt. Der Gleitkontakt, insbesondere der Schleifring, sorgt dabei vorteilhafterweise dafür, dass ein verschleißarmer und niederohmiger Übergang zwischen dem stehenden Teil, also insbesondere dem Rollenträger, und dem rotierenden Teil der Erdungsrolle hergestellt ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the elevator system, the first roller is arranged on a shaft, in particular on an electrically conductive shaft. The shaft is advantageously arranged on the roller carrier. In particular, it is provided that the shaft additionally comprises a sliding contact, in particular a slip ring, with the electrically conductive connection between the car and the guide rail taking place via the sliding contact and the first roller. The sliding contact, in particular the slip ring, advantageously ensures that a low-wear and low-resistance transition is produced between the stationary part, in particular the roller carrier, and the rotating part of the grounding roller.

Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass ein Kontaktelement, insbesondere ein mehrlitziges Kabel, den Gleitkontakt, insbesondere den Schleifring, elektrisch leitfähig mit dem Fahrkorb verbindet. Ein mehrlitziges Kabel stellt dabei vorteilhafterweise ein kostengünstiges Kontaktelement dar. Vorteilhafterweise wird die beim Betrieb der Aufzuganlage auftretende relative Bewegung der Welle zum Rollenträger über das Kontaktelement kompensiert.In particular, it is provided that a contact element, in particular a multi-strand cable, connects the sliding contact, in particular the slip ring, to the car in an electrically conductive manner. A multi-strand cable advantageously represents a cost-effective contact element. Advantageously, the relative movement of the shaft to the roller carrier that occurs during operation of the elevator system is compensated for via the contact element.

Insbesondere durch die Kombination von erster Rolle, Gleitkontakt und Kontaktelement ist ein definierter Widerstand zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschiene einstellbar, wie er beispielsweise bei alleiniger Erdung über leitfähige, an Schienen laufenden Rollen nicht erzielbar wäre. Dies liegt daran, dass bei einer alleinigen Erdung über laufende Rollen der Widerstand durch Verschmutzungen oder Verölungen der Schienen, den Zustand der Rollenlager, deren Schmierung oder den Verschleiß der Laufflächen beeinflusst wird.In particular, through the combination of the first roller, sliding contact and contact element, a defined resistance between the car and the guide rail can be set, which would not be possible, for example, with grounding alone via conductive rollers running on rails. This is because when grounding is done solely via running rollers, the resistance is influenced by dirt or oil on the rails, the condition of the roller bearings, their lubrication or wear on the running surfaces.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung umfasst die Aufzuganlage eine Anpressvorrichtung, wobei die erste Rolle mittels der Anpressvorrichtung gegen die Führungsschiene gepresst wird, insbesondere auch beim Verfahren des Fahrkorbs. Ein Überfahren von Spalten hat somit vorteilhafterweise keinen Einfluss auf die Erdung des Fahrkorbs. Solche Spalten können insbesondere bei mittels Linearmotorantrieben angetriebenen Mehrkabinenaufzugsystemen beim Übergang auf den sogenannten Exchanger vorhanden sein, der einen Wechsel des Fahrkorbs zwischen unterschiedlichen Aufzugschächten, beispielsweise von einem vertikalen Aufzugschacht in einen horizontalen Aufzugschacht, ermöglicht.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the elevator system comprises a pressing device, wherein the first roller is pressed against the guide rail by means of the pressing device, in particular also when the elevator car is moving. Driving over gaps therefore advantageously has no influence on the grounding of the car. Such gaps can be present, in particular in multi-car elevator systems driven by linear motor drives, during the transition to the so-called exchanger, which enables the car to be changed between different elevator shafts, for example from a vertical elevator shaft to a horizontal elevator shaft.

Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Anpressvorrichtung ein Lager umfasst, in dem die Welle drehbar gelagert ist. Das Lager ist insbesondere ein Wälzlager, weiter insbesondere ein Kugellager. Vorteilhafterweise ist das Lager gegenüber dem Rollenträger elektrisch isoliert, vorzugsweise indem wenigstens ein Isolationselement zwischen dem Lager und dem Rollenträger angeordnet ist. Vorteilhafterweise ist das Lager, das den rotierenden Teil, also insbesondere die Welle, abstützt, zum stehenden Teil, also insbesondere zum Rollenträger, elektrisch isoliert, um zu gewährleisten, dass die Ladungen immer über den Gleitkontakt, insbesondere den Schleifring, auf den rotierenden Teil, also insbesondere die Welle, übertragen werden.In particular, it is provided that the pressing device comprises a bearing in which the shaft is rotatably mounted. The bearing is in particular a roller bearing, more particularly a ball bearing. Advantageously, the bearing is electrically insulated from the roller carrier, preferably by arranging at least one insulation element between the bearing and the roller carrier. Advantageously, the bearing that supports the rotating part, i.e. in particular the shaft, is electrically insulated from the stationary part, i.e. in particular from the roller carrier, in order to ensure that the charges are always transferred to the rotating part via the sliding contact, in particular the slip ring. i.e. in particular the wave, are transmitted.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Aufzuganlage sieht vor, dass die Aufzuganlage wenigstens eine Führungsrolle umfasst, die derart zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschiene angeordnet ist, dass die erste Rolle entlastet ist. Hierdurch wird bewirkt, dass die zur Führung erforderlichen Kräfte zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschienen über die Führungsrolle übertragen werden und nicht über die erste Rolle. Hierdurch ergeben sich mehr Möglichkeiten bei der Ausgestaltung des ersten Laufkörpers, insbesondere bei der Wahl eines Zusatzes zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit. Es können auch weichere Materialien bzw. Materialien mit einem höheren Abrieb für den ersten Laufkörper verwendet werden.A further embodiment of the elevator system provides that the elevator system comprises at least one guide roller, which is arranged between the car and the guide rail in such a way that the first roller is relieved of load. This ensures that the forces required for guidance are transmitted between the car and the guide rails via the guide roller and not about the first role. This results in more options when designing the first running body, especially when choosing an additive to increase conductivity. Softer materials or materials with higher abrasion can also be used for the first running body.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Aufzuganlage umfasst die Aufzuganlage ein Entladungselement. Zudem weist die erste Rolle einen ersten Laufkörper auf, wobei der erste Laufkörper derart ausgeführt ist, dass eine Rollenachse der ersten Rolle in einem statischen Zustand einen kleineren Abstand von der Führungsschiene aufweist als in einen dynamischen Zustand. Dies bewirkt, dass das Entladungselement im statischen Zustand in Kontakt mit der Führungsschiene ist und im dynamischen Zustand von der Führungsschiene abgerückt ist. Hierdurch wird bewirkt, dass bei jedem Halt des Fahrkorbs ein elektrischer Kontakt zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschienen über das Entladungselement hergestellt wird. Gleichzeitig wird der elektrische Kontakt beim Anfahren des Fahrkorbs wieder unterbrochen. Hierdurch kommt es nicht zu einem Schleifen des Entladungselements während der Fahrt an der Führungsschiene. Besonders vorteilhaft für diese Abstandsänderung durch das dynamische Verhalten des Materials des ersten Laufkörpers erreicht. Beispielsweise weist der erste Laufkörper ein weiches Material, insbesondere einen weichen Kunststoff auf, insbesondere ein weiches Elastomer. Während eines Halts wird der erste Laufkörper dann durch die Kräfte zwischen Fahrkorb und Führungsschiene eingedrückt. Es ergibt sich ein statischer Abstand zwischen Rollenachse und Führungsschiene. Je mehr der erste Laufkörper eingedrückt ist, umso kleiner ist dieser statische Abstand. Beim Anfahren führt das dynamische Verhalten des weichen Materials des ersten Laufkörpers, nämlich insbesondere das Walken des Laufkörpers, dazu, dass dieses Eindrücken reduziert ist. Der dynamische Abstand, also der Abstand während der Fahrt, zwischen Rollenachse und Führungsschienen ist demnach größer als der statische Abstand. Diese Abstandsänderung sorgt dafür, dass der elektrische Kontakt zwischen Entladungselement und Führungsschiene beim Anhalten hergestellt wird und beim Anfahren wieder unterbrochen wird. Eine zusätzliche Ansteuerung oder Regelung ist nicht erforderlich, was den Einsatz besonders kostengünstig macht.In a further advantageous embodiment of the elevator system, the elevator system comprises a discharge element. In addition, the first roller has a first running body, the first running body being designed such that a roller axis of the first roller has a smaller distance from the guide rail in a static state than in a dynamic state. This causes the discharge element to be in contact with the guide rail in the static state and moved away from the guide rail in the dynamic state. This ensures that every time the car stops, electrical contact is established between the car and the guide rails via the discharge element. At the same time, the electrical contact is interrupted again when the car starts moving. This means that the discharge element does not rub against the guide rail while driving. This change in distance is particularly advantageous due to the dynamic behavior of the material of the first running body. For example, the first running body has a soft material, in particular a soft plastic, in particular a soft elastomer. During a stop, the first running body is then pressed in by the forces between the car and the guide rail. There is a static distance between the roller axis and the guide rail. The more the first running body is pressed in, the smaller this static distance is. When starting, the dynamic behavior of the soft material of the first running body, namely in particular the flexing of the running body, leads to this impression being reduced. The dynamic distance, i.e. the distance during travel, between the roller axis and the guide rails is therefore greater than the static distance. This change in distance ensures that the electrical contact between the discharge element and the guide rail is established when stopping and is interrupted again when starting. No additional control or regulation is required, which makes it particularly cost-effective to use.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Figuren nachfolgend näher erläutert; hierin zeigt:

Figur 1
eine Aufzuganlage in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform;
Figur 2
eine Aufsicht auf einen Fahrkorb mit einem Linearantrieb in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsvariante;
Figur 3
einen Aufriss eines Ausschnitts eines Linearantriebs;
Figur 4
eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung eine Aufzuganlage mit einer ersten Rolle als Erdungsrolle in einer Seitenansicht;
Figur 5
eine Draufsicht einer zweiteiligen ersten Rolle als Erdungsrolle;
Figur 6
eine Draufsicht einer ersten Rolle mit Beschichtung als Erdungsrolle;
Figur 7a
eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Rolle während eines Haltes;
Figur 7b
einer Seitenansicht einer ersten Rolle während der Fahrt;
Figur 8
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Aufzuganlage in einer Schnittdarstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures; herein shows:
Figure 1
an elevator system in an exemplary embodiment;
Figure 2
a top view of a car with a linear drive in an exemplary embodiment variant;
Figure 3
an elevation of a section of a linear drive;
Figure 4
an enlarged detail of an elevator system with a first roller as a grounding roller in a side view;
Figure 5
a top view of a two-part first roll as a grounding roll;
Figure 6
a top view of a first coated roll as a grounding roll;
Figure 7a
a side view of a first roller during a stop;
Figure 7b
a side view of a first roller while driving;
Figure 8
Another exemplary embodiment of an elevator system in a sectional view.

Fig.1 zeigt eine seillose Aufzuganlage 20 in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform, die in einer Struktur oder einem Gebäude 22 mit verschiedenen Leveln oder Stockwerken 24 eingesetzt werden kann. Die Aufzuganlage 20 umfasst einen Aufzugschacht 26 und mindestens einen in dem Aufzugschacht in eine Fahrtrichtung beweglichen Fahrkorb 28. Der Aufzugschacht 26 kann beispielsweise drei Fahrbahnen 30, 32, 34 umfassen. Dabei kann eine beliebige Anzahl von Fahrkörben 28 entlang einer der Fahrbahnen 30, 32, 34 in eine beliebige Fahrtrichtung (aufwärts oder abwärts) verfahren werden. Zum Beispiel können wie dargestellt die Fahrkörbe 28 auf den Fahrbahnen 30 und 34 in Aufwärtsrichtung fahren, während die Fahrkörbe 28 auf der Fahrbahn 32 in Abwärtsrichtung fahren. Oberhalb des obersten Stockwerks 24 befindet sich eine obere Umsetzeinrichtung 36, die es den Fahrkörben 28 ermöglicht, zwischen den Fahrbahnen 30, 32, 34 zu wechseln. Unterhalb des untersten Stockwerks 24 befindet sich eine untere Umsetzeinrichtung 38, die es den Fahrkörben 28 ebenfalls ermöglicht, zwischen den Fahrbahnen 30, 32, 34 zu wechseln. Selbst verständlich ist es ebenfalls möglich, dass die obere und die untere Umsetzeinrichtung 36,38 alternativ im obersten und untersten Stockwerk 24 selbst angeordnet ist statt oberhalb bzw. unterhalb des obersten bzw. untersten Stockwerks 24. Weiterhin können die Umsetzeinrichtungen auch in einem beliebigen, dazwischenliegenden Stockwerk 24 angeordnet sein. Ebenfalls ist es auch möglich, dass die Aufzuganlage 20 ein oder mehr Umsetzeinrichtungen aufweist, die in vertikaler Richtung zwischen einer oberen und einer unteren Umsetzeinrichtung 36,38 angeordnet sind. Fig.1 shows a ropeless elevator system 20 in an exemplary embodiment that can be used in a structure or building 22 with different levels or floors 24. The elevator system 20 comprises an elevator shaft 26 and at least one elevator car 28 that is movable in the elevator shaft in a direction of travel. The elevator shaft 26 can, for example, comprise three tracks 30, 32, 34. Any number of cars 28 can be moved along one of the lanes 30, 32, 34 in any direction of travel (upward or downward). For example, as shown, the cars 28 may travel in an upward direction on the lanes 30 and 34, while the cars 28 may travel in a downward direction on the lane 32. Above the top floor 24 there is an upper transfer device 36, which enables the cars 28 to change between the lanes 30, 32, 34. Below the lowest floor 24 there is a lower transfer device 38, which also enables the cars 28 to change between the lanes 30, 32, 34. Of course, it is also possible for the upper and lower transfer devices 36, 38 to be arranged alternatively in the top and bottom floors 24 themselves instead of above or below the top and bottom floors 24. Furthermore, the transfer devices can also be in any intermediate location Be located on floor 24. It is also possible for the elevator system 20 to have one or more Has transfer devices which are arranged in the vertical direction between an upper and a lower transfer device 36,38.

Der weitere Aufbau wird mit Bezug auf die Figuren 1-3 näher erläutert. Die Fahrkörbe 28 werden angetrieben mithilfe eines Linearantriebs 40. Der Linearantrieb 40 weist Primärteile 42 auf (zum Beispiel vier Primärteile dargestellt in Fig.2), die ortsfest angeordnet sind. Beispielsweise sind die Primärteile mindestens mittelbar an einer Schachtwand befestigt. Weiterhin weist der Linearantrieb bewegbare Sekundärteile 44 auf (zum Beispiel vier Sekundärteile 44 in Fig.2). Die Primärteile 42 umfassen Spulen 48, die an einer oder beiden Seiten der Fahrbahn angeordnet sind. Die Sekundärteile 44 umfassend Permanentmagnete 50, die an einer oder an beiden Seiten der Fahrkörbe 28 befestigt sind. Die Primärteile 42 erzeugen aufgrund eines Steuersignals ein Magnetfeld. Auf diese Weise werden die Sekundärteile 44 mit einer Kraft beaufschlagt, umso eine Bewegung der Fahrkörbe 28 in ihren Fahrbahnen 30,32, 34 zu realisieren.The further structure will be with reference to the Figures 1-3 explained in more detail. The cars 28 are driven using a linear drive 40. The linear drive 40 has primary parts 42 (for example four primary parts shown in Fig.2 ), which are arranged in a stationary manner. For example, the primary parts are at least indirectly attached to a shaft wall. Furthermore, the linear drive has movable secondary parts 44 (for example four secondary parts 44 in Fig.2 ). The primary parts 42 include coils 48 which are arranged on one or both sides of the road. The secondary parts 44 comprise permanent magnets 50 which are attached to one or both sides of the cars 28. The primary parts 42 generate a magnetic field based on a control signal. In this way, the secondary parts 44 are subjected to a force in order to realize a movement of the cars 28 in their tracks 30, 32, 34.

In den Fig. 2 und 3 ist ein erstes Paar von Sekundärteilen 44 des Linearantriebs 40 an einer ersten Seite des Fahrkorbs 28 befestigt, und ein zweites Paar von Sekundärteilen 44 ist an einer gegenüberliegenden Seite des Fahrkorbs 28 angebracht. Zwischen den Sekundärteilen 44 eines Paares sind die Primärteile angeordnet. Selbstverständlich kann eine beliebige Anzahl von Sekundärteilen 44 am Fahrkorb 28 befestigt sein und mit einer beliebigen Anzahl von Primärteilen 42 zusammenwirken, die ortsfest angeordnet werden.In the Figs. 2 and 3 a first pair of secondary parts 44 of the linear actuator 40 is attached to a first side of the car 28, and a second pair of secondary parts 44 is attached to an opposite side of the car 28. The primary parts are arranged between the secondary parts 44 of a pair. Of course, any number of secondary parts 44 can be attached to the car 28 and can interact with any number of primary parts 42, which are arranged in a stationary manner.

Fig.4 zeigt eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung einer Aufzuganlage 20. Dargestellt ist eine Seitenansicht von Fahrkorb 28 und Führungsschiene 52. Zwischen dem Fahrkorb 28 und der Führungsschiene 52 ist eine erste Rolle 54 angeordnet. Die erste Rolle 54 weist einen ersten Zentralkörper 56 und einen ersten Laufkörper 58 auf. Der erste Zentralkörper 56 bis typischerweise aus Metall und umfasst insbesondere ein Lager, dass die Drehbarkeit der ersten Rolle um eine zentrale Achse gewährleistet. Der Laufkörper 58 umschließt den Zentralkörper 56 und hat eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Gestalt mit zwei Stirnflächen und einer Lauffläche. Während des Verfahrens des Fahrkorbs 28 rollt die erste Rolle 54 an der Führungsschiene 52 ab. Dabei berührt die Lauffläche 60 die Führungsschiene 52. Der Laufkörper 58 weist einen Kunststoff, insbesondere ein thermoplastisches Polyurethan auf. Fig.4 shows an enlarged detail of an elevator system 20. Shown is a side view of the car 28 and the guide rail 52. A first roller 54 is arranged between the car 28 and the guide rail 52. The first roller 54 has a first central body 56 and a first running body 58. The first central body 56 is typically made of metal and in particular includes a bearing that ensures the rotation of the first roller about a central axis. The running body 58 encloses the central body 56 and has a substantially cylindrical shape with two end faces and a running surface. While the car 28 is moving, the first roller 54 rolls on the guide rail 52. The running surface 60 touches the guide rail 52. The running body 58 has a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic polyurethane.

Die erste Rolle 54 ist als eine Erdungsrolle ausgeführt. Das bedeutet, dass sich eine Spannung, die sich am Fahrkorb aufgebaut hat, über die erste Rolle entladen kann. Bei gewöhnlichen Führungsrollen nur sehr bedingt möglich, da der Laufkörper 58 gewöhnlichen Führungsrollen aus einem isolierenden Material ausgeführt ist. Im Gegensatz dazu hat die gezeigte erste Rolle 54 einen Laufkörper 58 mit einer erhöhten Leitfähigkeit. Der elektrische Widerstand zwischen der Lauffläche 60 und dem Zentralkörper 56 liegt im Bereich von 104 Ohm. Diese erhöhte Leitfähigkeit wird dadurch erreicht, dass dem Material des Laufkörpers 58 ein Zusatz zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit beigefügt ist. Beispielsweise umfasst der Laufkörper 58 ein Kunststoff, insbesondere ein thermoplastisches Polyurethan, dem ein entsprechender Zusatz beigefügt ist. Dabei kann der Zusatz beispielsweise Fasern, insbesondere Kohlenstofffasern, Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen oder mindestens ein Salz umfassen.The first roller 54 is designed as a grounding roller. This means that any tension that has built up on the car can be discharged through the first roller. This is only possible to a very limited extent with ordinary guide rollers, since the running body 58 of ordinary guide rollers is made of an insulating material. In contrast, the first roller 54 shown has a running body 58 with increased conductivity. The electrical resistance between the tread 60 and the central body 56 is in the range of 10 4 ohms. This increased conductivity is achieved by adding an additive to the material of the running body 58 to increase the conductivity. For example, the running body 58 comprises a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic polyurethane, to which a corresponding additive is added. The additive can include, for example, fibers, in particular carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or at least one salt.

Der Zusatz dieser Stoffe bedingt jedoch auch einige Nachteile. Beispielsweise kann sich der Abrieb erhöhen und damit die Haltbarkeit der ersten Rolle 54 verringern. Bei der Verwendung von Fasern, insbesondere Kohlenstofffasern, oder Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen ergibt sich das weitere Problem, dass die Fasern oder Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen bei Materialbelastung brechen können. Eine solche Materialbelastung kann bei Führungsrollen auftreten, da hier teilweise größere Kräfte vom Fahrkorb auf die Führungsschiene über die Führungsrolle übertragen werden. Zudem greifen diese Kräfte nicht gleichmäßig an, sondern durch das Abrollen der Führungsrolle an der Führungsschiene immer an einer anderen Stelle des Laufkörpers der Führungsrolle. Beim Verfahren des Fahrkorbs wird also der Laufkörper der Führungsrolle durchgewalkt. Dieses ständige Durchwalken kann ebenfalls zu einem Brechen der Fasern oder Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen führen. Ein Brechen der Fasern oder Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen hat den Nachteil, dass sich die Leitfähigkeit reduziert und damit der gewünschte Effekt mit der Zeit nicht mehr zum Tragen kommt.However, the addition of these substances also entails some disadvantages. For example, abrasion can increase and thus reduce the durability of the first roller 54. When using fibers, in particular carbon fibers, or carbon nanotubes, the further problem arises that the fibers or carbon nanotubes can break when the material is stressed. Such a material load can occur with guide rollers, since larger forces are sometimes transmitted from the car to the guide rail via the guide roller. In addition, these forces do not act evenly, but always at a different point on the running body of the guide roller due to the rolling of the guide roller on the guide rail. When the car is moved, the running body of the guide roller is rolled. This constant flexing can also cause the fibers or carbon nanotubes to break. Breaking the fibers or carbon nanotubes has the disadvantage that the conductivity is reduced and the desired effect no longer comes into play over time.

Diese beschriebenen Nachteile werden vermieden, indem der Laufkörper 58 der ersten Rolle 54 entlastet ist. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig.4 wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass die erste Rolle 54 an einem Rollenträger 62 des Fahrkorbs 28 federnd gelagert ist. Hierzu ist die Rollenachse 64 der ersten Rolle 54 über das Verbindungselement 66 und die Feder 68 mit dem Rollenträger 62 verbunden. Die Feder 68 ist in Fig.4 schematisch als eine mechanische Feder dargestellt. Alternativ kann auch eine hydraulische oder pneumatische Federung verwendet werden. Gleichzeitig umfasst die Aufzuganlage 20 wenigstens eine Führungsrolle 70, die zwischen Fahrkorb 28 und Führungsschiene 52 angeordnet ist. Die Führungsrolle 70 ist benachbart zur ersten Rolle 54 am Fahrkorb 28 angeordnet. Die Übertragung von Kräften zwischen dem Fahrkorb 28 und der Führungsschiene 52 findet bei dieser Anordnung über die Führungsrolle 70 statt. Die erste Rolle 54 wird lediglich mithilfe der Feder 68 an die Führungsschiene 52 angedrückt, damit der elektrische Kontakt zwischen erste Rolle 54 und Führungsschiene 52 stabil bestehen bleibt.These disadvantages described are avoided by relieving the load on the running body 58 of the first roller 54. In the embodiment according to Fig.4 This is achieved in that the first roller 54 is resiliently mounted on a roller carrier 62 of the car 28. For this purpose, the roller axis 64 of the first roller 54 is connected to the roller carrier 62 via the connecting element 66 and the spring 68 tied together. The spring 68 is in Fig.4 shown schematically as a mechanical spring. Alternatively, hydraulic or pneumatic suspension can also be used. At the same time, the elevator system 20 includes at least one guide roller 70, which is arranged between the car 28 and the guide rail 52. The guide roller 70 is arranged adjacent to the first roller 54 on the car 28. In this arrangement, the transmission of forces between the car 28 and the guide rail 52 takes place via the guide roller 70. The first roller 54 is simply pressed against the guide rail 52 using the spring 68 so that the electrical contact between the first roller 54 and the guide rail 52 remains stable.

Eine weitere Variante zur Ausführung der ersten Rolle als Erdungsrolle ist in Fig.5 dargestellt. Fig.5 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf den Bereich zwischen Fahrkorb 28 und Führungsschiene 52. Zwischen Fahrkorb 28 und Führungsschiene 52 ist eine erste Rolle 54 angeordnet. Die erste Rolle 54 weist einen ersten Zentralkörper 56 und einen ersten Laufkörper 58 auf. Weiterhin umfasst die erste Rolle 54 einen zweiten Laufkörper 72. Aufgrund der Ansicht von oben bis der Zentralkörper 56 durch die beiden Laufkörper 58 und 72 verdeckt. Der zweite Laufkörper 72 ist bei dieser Variante härter als der erste Laufkörper 58. Die Kraftübertragung zwischen Fahrkorb 28 und Führungsschiene 52 findet daher im Wesentlichen über den zweiten Laufkörper 72 statt. Der erste Laufkörper 58 ist dagegen entlastet. Hierdurch wird das Material des ersten Laufkörpers 58 geschont. Stattdessen dient der erste Laufkörper 58 dazu, dass sich eine Spannung die sich am Fahrkorb 28 aufgebaut hat, über den ersten Laufkörper 58 entladen kann. Hierzu weist der erste Laufkörper 58 einen elektrischen Widerstand auf, der geringer ist als der elektrische Widerstand des zweiten Laufkörpers 72. Insbesondere ist der erste Laufkörper 72 ausgeführt wie bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig.1.Another variant for executing the first role as a grounding role is in Fig.5 shown. Fig.5 shows a top view of the area between the car 28 and the guide rail 52. A first roller 54 is arranged between the car 28 and the guide rail 52. The first roller 54 has a first central body 56 and a first running body 58. Furthermore, the first roller 54 includes a second running body 72. Due to the view from above, the central body 56 is covered by the two running bodies 58 and 72. In this variant, the second running body 72 is harder than the first running body 58. The power transmission between the car 28 and the guide rail 52 therefore essentially takes place via the second running body 72. The first running body 58, on the other hand, is relieved of the load. This protects the material of the first running body 58. Instead, the first running body 58 serves to ensure that a tension that has built up on the car 28 can be discharged via the first running body 58. For this purpose, the first running body 58 has an electrical resistance that is lower than the electrical resistance of the second running body 72. In particular, the first running body 72 is designed as in the embodiment according to Fig.1 .

Fig.6 zeigt eine Ausführung der ersten Rolle 54 als Erdungsrolle. Die Darstellung entspricht dabei der Darstellung von Fig.5 wobei gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Bei der Ausführung nach Fig.6 wird die Entladung der Spannung dadurch erreicht, dass der erste Laufkörper 58 eine Stirnseite 74 mit einer Beschichtung 76 zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit aufweist. Die Spannung wird in diesem Fall über den Zentralkörper 58 und die Beschichtung 76 in die Führungsschiene 52 abgeleitet. Selbst verständlich kann diese Ausführung auch mit den Ausführungsformen der Figuren 4 und/oder 5 kombiniert werden, sodass jeder Effekt ein Teil zu der gewünschten höheren Leitfähigkeit beiträgt. Fig.6 shows an embodiment of the first roller 54 as a grounding roller. The representation corresponds to the representation of Fig.5 where the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals. When executing after Fig.6 The discharge of the voltage is achieved in that the first running body 58 has an end face 74 with a coating 76 to increase conductivity. In this case, the tension is diverted into the guide rail 52 via the central body 58 and the coating 76. Of course, this version can also be used with the Embodiments of the Figures 4 and/or 5 can be combined so that each effect contributes to the desired higher conductivity.

Die Figuren 7a und 7b zeigen eine weitere alternative Variante zur Ausführung der ersten Rolle 54 als Erdungsrolle. Die Darstellung entspricht dabei der Darstellung von Fig.4, wobei gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Bei der Variante nach den Figuren 7a und 7b wird die Entladung der Spannung dadurch erreicht, dass die Aufzuganlage ein Entladungselement 78 umfasst und der erste Laufkörper 58 einen weiches Material, insbesondere einen weichen Kunststoff, besonders bevorzugt ein weiches Elastomer, aufweist. Figur 7a zeigt die Anordnung beim Stillstand des Fahrkorbs 28. Aufgrund des weichen Materials des ersten Laufkörpers 58 wird der erste Laufkörper 58 eingedrückt. Die Rollenachse 64 hat dann einen statischen Abstand ds von der Führungsschiene 52. Das Entladungselement 78 befindet sich im Kontakt mit der Führungsschiene 52, sodass eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Fahrkorb 28 und der Führungsschienen 52 zur Erdung besteht. Figur 7B zeigt die gleiche Anordnung mit einem fahrenden Fahrkorb 28. Das dynamische Verhalten des weichen Materials des ersten Laufkörpers 58 (Walken des Laufkörpers) führt dazu, dass der dynamische Abstand dD zwischen Laufachse 64 und Führungsschienen 52 größer ist als der statische Abstand ds. Diese Abstandsvergrößerung bewirkt, dass das Entladungselement 78 von der Führungsschiene 52 abgerückt ist. Das Entladungselement 78 schleift also nicht während der Fahrt an der Führungsschiene 52 entlang, sodass es auch nicht zu übermäßigem Verschleiß kommt. In der gezeigten Darstellung ist das Entladungselement 78 über die Halterung der ersten Rolle 54 am Fahrkorb 28 befestigt. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass Entladungselement 78 direkt am Fahrkorb 28 zu befestigen.The Figures 7a and 7b show a further alternative variant for executing the first roller 54 as a grounding roller. The representation corresponds to the representation of Fig.4 , whereby the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals. In the variant according to the Figures 7a and 7b The discharge of the voltage is achieved in that the elevator system comprises a discharge element 78 and the first running body 58 has a soft material, in particular a soft plastic, particularly preferably a soft elastomer. Figure 7a shows the arrangement when the car 28 is at a standstill. Due to the soft material of the first running body 58, the first running body 58 is pressed in. The roller axis 64 then has a static distance ds from the guide rail 52. The discharge element 78 is in contact with the guide rail 52, so that there is an electrical connection between the elevator car 28 and the guide rails 52 to ground. Figure 7B shows the same arrangement with a moving car 28. The dynamic behavior of the soft material of the first running body 58 (rolling of the running body) results in the dynamic distance d D between the running axis 64 and guide rails 52 being greater than the static distance ds. This increase in distance causes the discharge element 78 to move away from the guide rail 52. The discharge element 78 does not drag along the guide rail 52 while driving, so that there is no excessive wear. In the illustration shown, the discharge element 78 is attached to the car 28 via the holder of the first roller 54. Alternatively, it is also possible to attach the discharge element 78 directly to the car 28.

Figur 8 zeigt ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Aufzuganlage, wobei in Figur 8 in einer Schnittdarstellung lediglich die Anordnung der Erdungskonstruktion an dem Fahrkorb 28 dargestellt ist. Insbesondere kann der Fahrkorb 28 ein Fahrkorb einer im Zusammenhang mit Figur 1 erläuterten Aufzuganlage sein. Figure 8 shows a further advantageous embodiment of an elevator system designed according to the invention, wherein in Figure 8 Only the arrangement of the grounding structure on the car 28 is shown in a sectional view. In particular, the car 28 can be a car in connection with Figure 1 elevator system explained.

An dem Fahrkorb 28 ist dabei ein Rollenträger 62 angeordnet. Der Rollenträger 62 ist dabei elektrisch leitfähig ausgebildet und elektrisch leitfähig mit dem Fahrkorb 28 verbunden. Der Rollenträger 62 umfasst eine Anpressvorrichtung 88 mit einem Lager 90, insbesondere einem Kugellager. Von dem Lager 90 ist eine Welle 84 drehbar aufgenommen. Auf der Welle 84 ist dabei eine als Erdungsrolle ausgebildete erste Rolle 54 angeordnet, wobei die Welle 84 und die Rolle 54 elektrisch leitend ausgebildet sind. Die Rolle 54 steht dabei im Kontakt mit einer geerdeten Führungsschiene 52. Die Anpressvorrichtung 88, welche insbesondere eine Feder-Dämpfer-Kombination umfassen kann, drückt die Welle 84 in Richtung der Führungsschiene 52, sodass die Rolle 54 gegen die Führungsschiene 52 gepresst wird und auch beim Verfahren des Fahrkorbs 28 in ständigem Kontakt mit der Führungsschiene 52 bleibt. Die Kraft, mit der die Rolle 54 von der Anpressvorrichtung 88 gegen die Führungsschiene 52 gedrückt wird, ist so eingestellt, dass einerseits eine permanente elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung zwischen Führungsschiene 52 und Erdungsrolle 54 vorliegt und andererseits die Erdungsrolle nicht durch unnötig hohe Kräfte zu stark mechanisch belastet wird.A roller carrier 62 is arranged on the car 28. The roller carrier 62 is designed to be electrically conductive and is connected to the car 28 in an electrically conductive manner. The Roller carrier 62 includes a pressing device 88 with a bearing 90, in particular a ball bearing. A shaft 84 is rotatably received by the bearing 90. A first roller 54 designed as a grounding roller is arranged on the shaft 84, the shaft 84 and the roller 54 being designed to be electrically conductive. The roller 54 is in contact with a grounded guide rail 52. The pressing device 88, which can in particular comprise a spring-damper combination, presses the shaft 84 in the direction of the guide rail 52, so that the roller 54 is pressed against the guide rail 52 and also remains in constant contact with the guide rail 52 when the car 28 is moved. The force with which the roller 54 is pressed against the guide rail 52 by the pressing device 88 is adjusted so that, on the one hand, there is a permanent electrically conductive connection between the guide rail 52 and the grounding roller 54 and, on the other hand, the grounding roller is not subjected to excessive mechanical stress due to unnecessarily high forces becomes.

Die Welle 84 umfasst weiter einen als Schleifring ausgebildeten Gleitkontakt 80. Über ein mehrlitziges Kabel als Kontaktelement 82 ist ein elektrisch leitfähiger Kontakt mit dem Fahrkorb 28 hergestellt. Der Gleitkontakt 80 sorgt dabei für einen verschleißarmen und niederohmiger Übergang zwischen Fahrkorb 28 und Welle 84 bzw. Erdungsrolle 54. Das mehrlitzige Kabel kompensiert zudem vorteilhafterweise die beim Verfahren des Fahrkorbs 28 auftretende relative Bewegung der Welle 84 zum Rollenträger 62 bzw. zum Fahrkorb 28. Ladungsdifferenzen bzw. unterschiedliche elektrische Potentiale zwischen dem Fahrkorb 28 und der geerdeten Führungsschiene 52 werden dabei über das Kontaktelement 82, den Gleitkontakt 80, die Welle 84 und die Erdungsrolle 54 ausgeglichen. Damit ein Potentialausgleich bzw. ein Stromfluss immer über den Gleitkontakt 80 auf den rotierenden Teil der Erdungskonstruktion erfolgt, ist das Lager 90 mittels Isolatoren 86 gegenüber dem Rollenträger 62 elektrisch isoliert.The shaft 84 further comprises a sliding contact 80 designed as a slip ring. An electrically conductive contact with the car 28 is established via a multi-strand cable as a contact element 82. The sliding contact 80 ensures a low-wear and low-resistance transition between the car 28 and the shaft 84 or grounding roller 54. The multi-strand cable also advantageously compensates for the relative movement of the shaft 84 to the roller carrier 62 or to the car 28 that occurs when the car 28 is moved. Load differences or different electrical potentials between the car 28 and the grounded guide rail 52 are compensated for via the contact element 82, the sliding contact 80, the shaft 84 and the grounding roller 54. So that potential equalization or current flow always occurs via the sliding contact 80 to the rotating part of the grounding structure, the bearing 90 is electrically insulated from the roller carrier 62 by means of insulators 86.

Claims (17)

  1. Elevator installation (20) comprising
    at least one elevator cage (28) movable in an elevator shaft (26) along a guide rail (52),
    and comprising at least one first roller (54), via which the car (28) is electrically conductively connected to the guide rail (52),wherein the first roller (54) is designed as an earthing roller, and
    the first roller (54) comprises a first running body (58) having a running surface (60), characterized in that
    the first running body (58) comprising an end face (74) with a coating (76) for increasing the electrical conductivity.
  2. Elevator installation according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the first running body (58) comprises a first central body (56), wherein the electrical resistance between the running surface (60) and the first central body (56) is less than 105 ohms, in particular less than 2×104 ohms.
  3. Elevator installation according to one of claims 1 to 2,
    characterized in that
    the first running body (58) comprising a plastic with an additive for increasing the electrical conductivity, the plastic preferably being a thermoplastic polyurethane.
  4. Elevator installation according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the additive comprises carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or at least one salt.
  5. Elevator installation according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the first roller (54) comprises a second running body (72), wherein the electrical resistance of the first running body (58) is lower than the electrical resistance of the second running body (72).
  6. Elevator installation according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the second running body (72) is harder than the first running body (58), so that the first running body (58) is unloaded.
  7. Elevator installation according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the first roller (54) is mounted on a roller support (62) of the elevator cage (28).
  8. Elevator installation according to claim 7,
    characterized in that
    the first roller (54) is spring-mounted on the roller carrier (62) of the elevator cage (28).
  9. Elevator installation according to claim 7 or claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the first roller (54) is arranged on a shaft (84) arranged on the roller support (62), wherein the shaft (84) additionally comprising a sliding contact (80), in particular a slip ring, wherein the electrically conductive connection between the elevator cage (28) and the guide rail (52) is provided via the sliding contact (80) and the first roller (54).
  10. Elevator installation according to claim 9,
    characterized by
    a contact element (82), in particular a multi-strand cable, the contact element (82) connecting the sliding contact (80) to the elevator cage (28) in an electrically conductive manner.
  11. Elevator installation according to one of claims 9 or 10,
    characterized by
    a pressing device (88), wherein the first roller (54) is pressed against the guide rail (52) by means of the pressing device (88), in particular also during travel of the elevator cage (28).
  12. Elevator installation according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the pressing device (88) comprises a bearing (90) in which the shaft (84) is rotatably mounted.
  13. Elevator installation according to claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the bearing (90) is electrically insulated from the roller carrier (62).
  14. Elevator installation according to one of claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the elevator installation (20) comprises at least one guide roller (70) which is arranged between the elevator cage (28) and the guide rail (52) in such a way that the first roller (54) is relieved of load.
  15. Elevator installation according to claim 1 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the elevator installation (20) comprises a discharge element (78) and the first roller (54) comprises a first running body (58), the first running body (58) being designed in such a way that a roller axis (64) of the first roller (54) is at a smaller distance from the guide rail (52) in a static state than in a dynamic state, so that the discharge element (78) is in contact with the guide rail (52) in the static state and is distanced from the guide rail (52) in the dynamic state.
  16. Elevator installation according to claim 15,
    characterized in that
    the first running body (58) comprises a soft material, in particular a soft plastic, preferably a soft elastomer.
  17. Elevator installation according to one of claims 1 to 16,
    comprising a linear drive (40) for driving the elevator cage (28) along a direction of travel.
EP20705164.0A 2019-02-12 2020-02-12 Elevator system with grounded elevator car Active EP3924283B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019201783.5A DE102019201783A1 (en) 2019-02-12 2019-02-12 Elevator system with car earthing
PCT/EP2020/053546 WO2020165217A1 (en) 2019-02-12 2020-02-12 Elevator system with grounded elevator car

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3924283A1 EP3924283A1 (en) 2021-12-22
EP3924283B1 true EP3924283B1 (en) 2023-11-08

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ID=69582107

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EP20705164.0A Active EP3924283B1 (en) 2019-02-12 2020-02-12 Elevator system with grounded elevator car

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EP (1) EP3924283B1 (en)
CN (1) CN113767060B (en)
DE (1) DE102019201783A1 (en)
FI (1) FI3924283T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2020165217A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11870269B2 (en) * 2020-05-26 2024-01-09 Drexel University Dynamic capacitative power transfer system for a tracked vehicle
US20220177262A1 (en) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 Otis Elevator Company Ropeless elevator intelligent normal force release supervisory control

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3626954C1 (en) * 1986-08-08 1987-10-15 Tente Rollen Gmbh & Co Castor
JPH0648672A (en) * 1991-10-28 1994-02-22 Toshiba Corp Elevator
JP4097848B2 (en) * 1999-07-06 2008-06-11 東芝エレベータ株式会社 Elevator guide device
CN201323697Y (en) * 2008-12-29 2009-10-07 浙江联合电梯有限公司 Static elimination device for hand strap of escalator
ES2773993T3 (en) * 2016-03-23 2020-07-16 Inventio Ag Elevator installation with load-bearing means partially surrounded by an electrically conductive housing, in particular in a diversion roller arrangement
JP6554451B2 (en) * 2016-09-30 2019-07-31 株式会社日立製作所 Tail cordless elevator
DE102016223913A1 (en) * 2016-12-01 2018-06-07 Thyssenkrupp Ag Elevator system with a busbar and a pantograph
DE102017113562A1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2018-12-20 Thyssenkrupp Ag Car with roller guide for an elevator system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3924283A1 (en) 2021-12-22
WO2020165217A1 (en) 2020-08-20
DE102019201783A1 (en) 2020-08-13
CN113767060B (en) 2023-06-20
CN113767060A (en) 2021-12-07
FI3924283T3 (en) 2024-02-06

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