EP3921265A1

EP3921265A1 - Elevator system

Info

Publication number: EP3921265A1
Application number: EP20703210.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thomas Kuczera; Artur Katkow
Original assignee: TK Elevator Innovation and Operations GmbH
Current assignee: TK Elevator Innovation and Operations GmbH
Priority date: 2019-02-04
Filing date: 2020-02-03
Publication date: 2021-12-15
Also published as: DE102019201376A1; WO2020161033A1; CN113396120A

Abstract

An elevator system (1), comprising: at least one track (2VL, 2VR, 2H) oriented in a direction (z, y); at least one elevator car (5); guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the elevator car (5) along the tracks; a rack-and-pinion drive (8) having - racks (83) that are installed along the track, - a drive pinion (82) that is fixed on the elevator car (5) and that can interact with the racks, in order to exert a propulsive force on the elevator car (5) for movement, - a motor for driving the drive pinion in a first drive direction (A1), wherein: the elevator system (1) is especially designed so that the elevator car (5), in at least one operating mode, travels vertically upwards at a speed of at least 8 m/s; and the system is provided with a safety device (84; 88, 86) designed to prevent torque from being applied by the motor (81) to the drive pinion (82) in a second drive direction (A2) oriented in the opposite direction to the first drive direction.

Description

Elevator system

Technical area

The invention relates to an elevator installation.

Technical background

DE 10 2014 220 966 A1 discloses an elevator system in which several cars are operated cyclically in a circulating operation, similar to a paternoster. In contrast to the classic paternoster, each car is driven independently of the other cars and can therefore stop at any stop independently of the other cars. Transfer units are provided in order to transfer the cars from a vertical lane to a horizontal lane in order to finally transfer the cars between different vertical lanes. It is driven by a linear motor. The German patent application 10 2019 200 665.5 describes such an elevator system, which is alternatively provided with a rack and pinion drive.

An elevator system with a rack and pinion drive is known from US Pat. No. 1,001,735.9 B2. A hydraulic retarder is provided as a safety brake, which provides a braking force that decelerates the car via the toothing of the rack drive.

In the case of elevator systems that travel upwards at high speed, abrupt braking of the car while it is traveling upwards is extremely dangerous. A deceleration of the car during an upward journey by lg inevitably leads to the passengers losing their grip on the ground. A deceleration of the car during an upward journey by 2g throws the passengers upside down towards the cabin ceiling with a relative acceleration of 1g. This condition would have roughly the same effect on the passengers as if the passengers suddenly hung with their feet under the cabin ceiling and then fell head first to the floor.

Disclosure of the invention

The object of the present invention is to improve the safety of an elevator system with a rack and pinion drive. This object is achieved by an elevator system according to the main claim; Refinements are the subject of the subclaims and the description. The invention is particularly applicable to elevator systems with a shaft height in the first, in particular vertical, direction of at least 100 m, in particular at least 200 m.

The invention is particularly applicable to elevator systems with a maximum

Car speed of the car in the first, in particular vertical, direction of at least 8 m / s, in particular at least 9 m / s or 10 m / s.

The elevator system comprises a lane which is aligned in one direction, at least one car, guide rails for guiding the car along the lanes and a rack and pinion drive. The rack and pinion drive includes: racks installed along the travel lane; a drive wheel attached to the car, which with the

Racks can interact to apply propulsive force to the car for locomotion; a motor for driving the drive wheel in a first drive direction, the elevator system being set up in particular so that the elevator car travels vertically upwards in at least one operating state at a travel speed of at least 8 m / s.

A safety device is provided which prevents the motor from applying torque to the drive wheel in a second drive direction, which is oriented opposite to the first drive direction. The safety device consequently prevents the dangerous state mentioned at the beginning, which can occur when the car is braked while traveling upwards.

In one embodiment, a plurality of lanes is provided, which are aligned in several directions; at least one transfer unit is provided for transferring the car from one of the lanes to another of the lanes.

In one embodiment, a plurality of racks are arranged along a lane. In particular, a toothed rack permanently installed in the shaft is at least temporarily arranged in the track direction adjacent to a movable, in particular rotatable, toothed rack.

In one embodiment, the safety device comprises a one-way clutch. The

One-way clutch is configured to provide a drive connection between the motor and the drive wheel in the first drive direction; the one-way clutch is further designed to interrupt a drive connection between the motor and the drive wheel in the second drive direction. This configuration enables a structurally simple and reliable prevention of the dangerous state mentioned at the beginning - should in one

Error state of the motor provide a drive torque in the wrong drive direction, so this has no consequences because the clutch does not pass the drive power through to the drive wheel.

In one embodiment, however, it is possible for a braking torque provided by the motor to be transmitted to the drive wheel when the car is traveling downwards. As a result, the motor can still enable generator operation to recover braking energy.

In one embodiment, the safety device comprises a motor controller which prevents the drive wheel from being driven in the second drive direction by the motor. For this purpose, the safety device can map the course of a phase angle

Evaluate multi-phase alternating current, which is used to drive the motor. From the evaluation it can be determined whether the engine is driving torque in the second

Drive view generated.

Current measuring devices can be provided for detecting the phases of the multiphase alternating current which is used to drive the motor. The safety device can determine from the determined phases whether the motor is generating a generated drive torque in the second drive direction. The term ammeter is to be understood broadly and does not require the direct measurement of the current. Rather, it is important that knowledge of the current strength is possible on the basis of the measurement.

The rack and pinion drive can basically be designed as described in EP 2 483 121 B1. A headstock toothing can be used.

The term tooth is to be understood broadly and includes a wide variety of form-fitting

Intervention options. The rack can thus also be the chain of a chain drive, in which the chain represents the fixed drive part.

Brief description of the drawing

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. It shows each schematically

FIG. 1 shows a detail of an elevator installation according to the invention in perspective

Presentation;

FIG. 2 shows a drive for the elevator installation according to FIG. 1 in a schematic representation. Description of embodiments

Figures 1 and 2 show parts of an elevator installation 1 according to the invention. The elevator installation 1 comprises a plurality of lanes 2H, 2VL, 2VR along which a plurality of cars 5 are guided.

There are several, here by way of example two, vertical lanes 2VL, 2VR aligned in a first direction z, along which the elevator car 10 can be moved between different floors. Between the two vertical runways 2VL, 2VR are horizontal ones

Lanes 2H arranged in a second direction y, along which the elevator car 5 can be moved within a floor. Furthermore, the horizontal lane 2H connects the two vertical lanes 2VL, 2VR with one another. Thus, the horizontal lane 2H also serves to transfer the car 10 between the two vertical lanes 2VL, 2VR, e.g. to run a modern paternoster operation. There are still further such horizontal lanes 2H provided in the elevator system 1, which the two vertical

Connect the rails to each other. Further vertical lanes, which are not shown, can also be provided.

Guide rails 22V, 22H, 22B for guiding the cars are provided along the lanes. For this purpose, the cars 5 have guide rollers (not shown).

The transfer arrangement 3 comprises two transfer units 30. The transfer units 30 can be used to transfer the elevator car 5 between one of the vertical guide rails and the horizontal guide rail. A transfer unit has a movable guide rail 22B, which in the present case is rotatable.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are only an example of a first and second direction, respectively, as stated in the claims.

All guide rails are installed at least indirectly in a shaft wall 20. Up to this point, the elevator system basically corresponds to what is described in WO 2015/144781 A1 as well as in DE10 2016 211 997A1 and DE 10 2015 218 025 A1.

The cars are driven by a rack and pinion drive 8.

The rack drive comprises racks 83 fixedly installed in the shaft, each with a plurality of teeth. These racks 83 interact with at least one drive wheel 82 which is attached to the elevator car 5. The drive wheel 52 is driven by an am Motor 81 attached to the car 5. It is also possible to provide a plurality of motors for driving a plurality of drive wheels, as is illustrated schematically in FIG.

The motor 81 is a three-phase motor; the three-phase current required for operation is provided by an inverter. An energy source 87 supplies the electrical energy required for this. The energy source can be an energy store or can be a contact-based one

Energy connection (e.g. sliding contact) to a stationary energy network. A motor controller 86 controls the converter 85 and the energy source. A one-way clutch 84 is provided between the motor 81 and the drive wheel 82.

The drive shown in Figure 2 essentially comprises two identically designed

Drive trains 8a, 8b, which share common racks 83, the motor control 86 and the energy source 87.

The one-way clutch 84 is set up to provide a drive connection between the motor 81 and the drive wheel 82 in a first drive direction A1, as in the first

Drive train 8a is shown schematically. When the motor 81 provides a drive torque and thereby rotates in the first direction of rotation A1, the one-way clutch 84 transmits the drive torque to the drive wheel; consequently the car is driven upwards (arrow S). When the motor 81 provides a drive torque and thereby rotates in the second direction of rotation A2, the one-way clutch 84 does not transmit the drive torque to the drive wheel. This is shown as an example in the second drive train 8b. The car is consequently not driven downwards (against arrow S). The one-way clutch 84 thus represents a claimed safety device.

The rack and pinion drive also includes current measuring devices 88 which are set up to detect the phases lu, Iv, Iw of the multiphase current provided by the inverter. A phase acceleration can be inferred from the course of the phases. The

Phase acceleration allows conclusions to be drawn directly about the change in the drive power of the motor, in particular about a reversal of the drive power from the first

Drive direction to the second drive direction. A similar concept will be for one

Linear motor described in DE 10 2016 216 369 A1.

If the engine control unit now recognizes on the basis of the course of the phases lu, Iv, Iw that the engine is providing a drive torque in the second drive direction A2, then the

Motor control switch off the energy supply from the energy source 87. Alternatively can the motor control will transfer the inverter of the faulty drive train 8b to a safe operating state, for example switch it off.

FIG. 2 consequently shows two configurations of the safety device according to the invention. It goes without saying that it is sufficient for the invention if one of the two

Safety equipment is in place. In addition, it is sufficient if the rack and pinion drive 8 has only one drive train 8a or 8b per car.

List of reference symbols

1 elevator system

2H horizontal lane

2VL, 2VR vertical lane

22V fixed guide rail vertical

22H fixed guide rail horizontal

22B movable guide rail

3 Transfer arrangement

30 transfer unit

5 car

8 rack and pinion drive

8a first drive train

8b second drive train

81 engine

82 drive wheel

83 rack

84 One-way clutch

85 inverter

86 Motor control

87 Energy source

88 Ammeter

Al first drive direction

A2 second drive direction

F track direction

Claims

Expectations

1. Elevator system (1), comprising:

at least one lane (2VL, 2VR, 2FD,

at least one car (5),

Guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the car (5) along the travel lane; a rack and pinion drive (8)

- racks (83) installed along the lane,

- A drive wheel (82) which is attached to the car (5) and which can interact with the racks in order to apply a driving force to the car (5) for locomotion;

- A motor (81) for driving the drive wheel (82) in a first drive direction (A1),

wherein the elevator system (1) is set up in particular that the elevator car (5) travels vertically upwards in at least one operating state at a travel speed of at least 8 m / s,

marked by

a safety device (84; 88,86) which is set up, a

To prevent torque from being applied to the drive wheel (82) by the motor (81) in a second drive direction (A2), which is oriented against the first drive direction (A1).

2. Elevator system (1) according to the preceding claim:

marked by

a plurality of lanes (2VL, 2VR, 2FD, which are particularly oriented in different directions,

at least one transfer unit (30) for transferring the car from one of the

Lanes on another of the lanes.

3. Elevator system (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that a plurality of toothed racks (83) are arranged along a lane (2VL, 2VR, 2FD).

4. Elevator system (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized, that at least temporarily a toothed rack permanently installed in the shaft is arranged in the track direction adjacent to a movable, in particular rotatable, toothed rack.

5. Elevator system (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

the safety device (84) comprises a one-way clutch (84),

wherein the one-way clutch (84) is set up, a drive connection between the

Motor (81) and the drive wheel (82) to provide in the first drive direction (Al), wherein the one-way clutch (84) is set up, a drive connection between the

Motor (81) and the drive wheel (82) in the second drive direction (A2)

interrupt.

6. Elevator system (1) according to the preceding claim,

characterized,

that the one-way clutch (84) is set up to transmit a braking torque provided by the motor (81) to the drive wheel (82) when the car (5) travels downwards.

7. Elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

the safety device (88, 86) comprises a motor control (86) which is set up to prevent the drive wheel (82) from being driven in the second drive direction (A1).

8. Elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the safety device (88, 86) is set up to evaluate the course of a phase angle of a multi-phase alternating current which is used to drive the motor (81) and to determine from this the presence of a drive torque generated by the motor (81) in the second drive direction (A2) .

9. Elevator installation (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

marked by,

Current measuring devices (88) for detecting the phases (lu, Iv, Iw) of the

Polyphase alternating current, which is used to drive the motor (81),

wherein the safety device (88, 86) is set up to determine the presence of a drive torque generated by the motor (81) in the second drive direction (A2) on the basis of the detected phases (lu, Iv, Iw).

10. Elevator installation (1) according to one of claims 8 or 9,

characterized,

that the motor controller (86) is set up to transfer the inverter to a safe operating state based on the determination.