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EP3872246A1 - Method for producing a fibrous web with varying fibre orientation - Google Patents

Method for producing a fibrous web with varying fibre orientation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3872246A1
EP3872246A1 EP21159295.1A EP21159295A EP3872246A1 EP 3872246 A1 EP3872246 A1 EP 3872246A1 EP 21159295 A EP21159295 A EP 21159295A EP 3872246 A1 EP3872246 A1 EP 3872246A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fleece
combing
combing process
fibers
producing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21159295.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hubert Hergeth
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3872246A1 publication Critical patent/EP3872246A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G25/00—Lap-forming devices not integral with machines specified above
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/736—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged characterised by the apparatus for arranging fibres

Definitions

  • nonwovens with a random layer or with an oriented fiber layer.
  • the fibers from the card are mainly laid in the machine direction, which means the running direction of the fiber web as the nonwoven.
  • Such a fleece can be continuously delivered to a moving belt by a so-called cross-layer or panel in staggered superimposed layers.
  • the fibers in the layers then have a main orientation transverse to the running direction of the take-off belt.
  • alignments of up to 45 ° are possible.
  • the fiber orientation of the fleece can be further aligned in the direction of the running direction of the take-off belt. In all of these processes, the alignment in the fleece is the same. You can produce nonwovens with different orientations by bringing together layers of nonwoven produced separately on different machines.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method in which a fleece is created from a fleece with at least two different fiber orientations in different zones of the fleece.
  • the invention has achieved this object by the method specified in claim 1.
  • a fleece with at least two different fiber orientations in different zones of the fleece is created by producing a fleece with a fiber orientation transverse to the running direction and then at least the fibers of one layer are reoriented by a mechanical treatment.
  • a nonwoven fabric oriented transversely to the running direction is treated by a combing process on at least one surface in order to produce a nonwoven with different orientations of the fibers in different layers.
  • the combing process can be carried out through a surface provided with a structure.
  • a structure can be created by points, sawtooth wire or knobs.
  • the combing process can be carried out using a structured roller or belt.
  • the combing elements move at at least twice the speed of the transport speed of the entire fleece. This applies in particular when the combing element is a structured roller.
  • the combing elements move against the transport direction of the fleece during the combing process.
  • the combing element is a structured roller that rotates about its axis of rotation so that its with the structure provided peripheral surface is moved opposite to the direction of movement of the fleece.
  • the structure on the surface of the roller can be formed by a set or by needles.
  • the roller has a garnished or a needled surface.
  • a negative pressure can prevail on the surface of the fleece opposite the combing process and / or a structured surface of the transport element can exist.
  • the negative pressure can be generated by suction.
  • the fibers can be prevented from slipping by means of suction carried out opposite the combing process.
  • the combing process can be carried out in a continuous workflow.
  • At least one screen belt and / or one screen drum can be provided for the formation of the fleece and the combing process.
  • the sieve belt can be vacuumed.
  • the suction can generate a negative pressure, which prevents the fibers from slipping on the screen belt.
  • the single figure shows schematically an apparatus for producing a fiber fleece with different fiber orientations.
  • Fibers 1 are filled into a container 2.
  • the fibers are drawn off by feed rollers 3 and a roller 4 with z. B. supplied garnished surface.
  • the roller 4 further separates the fibers 1 and transfers them via guide elements 5 to a screen belt 6 with suction.
  • the fibers are deposited by the deposition process transversely to the running direction of the tape and a fiber layer 8 is formed.
  • a roller 9 which is provided with a needled or garnished surface, "combs" the fibers of an uppermost layer in the running direction. Any excess fibers are sucked off and mixed with the fresh fibers.
  • a fleece 10 with fibers oriented in the machine direction in an upper layer and transversely to the machine direction in an underlying layer is produced.
  • a suction 7 prevents the fibers from slipping on the sieve.
  • the suction 7 is arranged on the side of the fleece 10 which is opposite to the side of the fleece 10 which is assigned to the roller 9 effecting the combing process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Ein Vlies mit unterschiedlicher Orientierung der Fasern in Schichten wird durch eine Vliesbildung und einen Kämmvorgang erzeugt.A fleece with different orientations of the fibers in layers is produced by fleece formation and a combing process.

Description

Es ist bekannt, Vliese mit einer Wirrlage oder mit einer orientierten Faserlage herzustellen. Bei orientierten Vliesen werden die Fasern von der Krempel hauptsächlich in Maschinenrichtung, hierunter versteht man die Laufrichtung der Faserbahn als Vlies, gelegt.It is known to produce nonwovens with a random layer or with an oriented fiber layer. In the case of oriented nonwovens, the fibers from the card are mainly laid in the machine direction, which means the running direction of the fiber web as the nonwoven.

Was der Fachmann unter Faserorientierung (-ausrichtung) versteht, ist bei Kathrin Pietsch/ Hilmar Fuchs in "Textile Werkstoffe für den Leichtbau", Kapitel 9.3.2.2 "Vliesstoffhalbzeuge und Vliesbildungstechniken" beschrieben.What the expert understands by fiber orientation (alignment) is described by Kathrin Pietsch / Hilmar Fuchs in "Textile materials for lightweight construction", Chapter 9.3.2.2 "Nonwoven semi-finished products and nonwoven forming techniques".

Ein solches Vlies kann durch einen sogenannten Kreuzleger oder Täfler in versetzten übereinanderliegenden Lagen auf ein bewegtes Band kontinuierlich abgeliefert werden. Die Fasern in den Lagen haben dann eine hauptsächliche Ausrichtung quer zur Laufrichtung des Abzugbandes. Durch Einstellen der Abliefergeschwindigkeit des Legewagens zur Geschwindigkeit des Abzugbandes sind bis 45° Ausrichtungen möglich. Durch Verziehen dieses Mehrlagenvlieses kann die Faserausrichtung des Vlieses weiter in Richtung der Laufrichtung des Abzugsbandes ausgerichtet werden. Bei allen diesen Verfahren ist die Ausrichtung im Vlies gleichgerichtet. Man kann Vliese mit unterschiedlicher Ausrichtung durch Zusammenführen von separat auf unterschiedlichen Maschinen gefertigten Vlieslagen produzieren.Such a fleece can be continuously delivered to a moving belt by a so-called cross-layer or panel in staggered superimposed layers. The fibers in the layers then have a main orientation transverse to the running direction of the take-off belt. By adjusting the delivery speed of the laying trolley to the speed of the discharge belt, alignments of up to 45 ° are possible. By distorting this multilayer fleece, the fiber orientation of the fleece can be further aligned in the direction of the running direction of the take-off belt. In all of these processes, the alignment in the fleece is the same. You can produce nonwovens with different orientations by bringing together layers of nonwoven produced separately on different machines.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, bei dem aus einem Vlies ein Vlies mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Faserausrichtungen in verschiedenen Zonen des Vlieses geschaffen wird.The object of the invention is to create a method in which a fleece is created from a fleece with at least two different fiber orientations in different zones of the fleece.

Die Erfindung hat diese Aufgabe durch das in Anspruch 1 angegebene Verfahren gelöst.The invention has achieved this object by the method specified in claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend wie der allgemeine Erfindungsgedanke im Einzelnen erläutert.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and are explained in detail below, like the general inventive concept.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dadurch ein Vlies mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Faserausrichtungen in verschiedenen Zonen des Vlieses geschaffen, dass ein Vlies mit einer Faserausrichtung quer zur Laufrichtung erzeugt wird und dann mindestens die Fasern einer Schicht durch eine mechanische Behandlung umorientiert werden.According to the invention, a fleece with at least two different fiber orientations in different zones of the fleece is created by producing a fleece with a fiber orientation transverse to the running direction and then at least the fibers of one layer are reoriented by a mechanical treatment.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird also zur Herstellung eines Vlieses mit verschiedener Orientierung der Fasern in verschiedenen Schichten ein quer zur Laufrichtung orientiertes Faservlies durch einen Kämmvorgang auf mindestens einer Oberfläche behandelt.According to the invention, a nonwoven fabric oriented transversely to the running direction is treated by a combing process on at least one surface in order to produce a nonwoven with different orientations of the fibers in different layers.

Der Kämmvorgang kann dabei durch eine mit einer Struktur versehene Oberfläche durchgeführt werden. Eine solche Struktur kann durch Spitzen, Sägezahndraht oder Noppen erzeugt sein. Insbesondere kann der Kämmvorgang durch eine strukturierte Walze oder Band erfolgen.The combing process can be carried out through a surface provided with a structure. Such a structure can be created by points, sawtooth wire or knobs. In particular, the combing process can be carried out using a structured roller or belt.

Dabei kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Kämmelemente sich mit mindestens der doppelten Geschwindigkeit wie die Transportgeschwindigkeit des ganzen Vlieses bewegen. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn es sich bei dem Kämmelement um eine strukturierte Walze handelt.It can be advantageous if the combing elements move at at least twice the speed of the transport speed of the entire fleece. This applies in particular when the combing element is a structured roller.

Insbesondere erweist es sich als günstig, wenn die Kämmelemente sich im Kämmvorgang entgegen der Transportrichtung des Vlieses bewegen. Auch hier gilt dies insbesondere, wenn es sich bei dem Kämmelement um eine strukturierte Walze handelt, die so um ihre Drehachse rotiert, dass ihre mit der Struktur versehene Umfangsfläche entgegengesetzt zur Bewegungsrichtung des Vlieses bewegt wird. Die Struktur an der Oberfläche der Walze kann dabei durch eine Garnitur oder durch Nadeln gebildet sein. Die Walze weist in diesem Fall also eine garnierte oder eine genadelte Oberfläche auf.In particular, it proves to be advantageous if the combing elements move against the transport direction of the fleece during the combing process. This also applies here in particular if the combing element is a structured roller that rotates about its axis of rotation so that its with the structure provided peripheral surface is moved opposite to the direction of movement of the fleece. The structure on the surface of the roller can be formed by a set or by needles. In this case, the roller has a garnished or a needled surface.

Auf der dem Kämmprozess gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche des Vlieses kann ein Unterdruck herrschen oder/und eine strukturierte Oberfläche des Transportelements bestehen. Der Unterdruck kann durch eine Absaugung erzeugt werden. Durch eine dem Kämmprozess gegenüberliegend vorgenommene Absaugung lässt sich ein Verrutschen der Fasern verhindern.A negative pressure can prevail on the surface of the fleece opposite the combing process and / or a structured surface of the transport element can exist. The negative pressure can be generated by suction. The fibers can be prevented from slipping by means of suction carried out opposite the combing process.

Der Kämmvorgang kann in einem kontinuierlichen Arbeitsablauf durchgeführt werden.The combing process can be carried out in a continuous workflow.

Für die Vliesbildung und den Kämmvorgang können mindestens ein Siebband und/oder eine Siebtrommel vorgesehen sein. Das Siebband kann besaugt sein. Durch die Absaugung kann ein Unterdruck erzeugt werden, durch den ein Verrutschen der Fasern auf dem Siebband verhindert wird.At least one screen belt and / or one screen drum can be provided for the formation of the fleece and the combing process. The sieve belt can be vacuumed. The suction can generate a negative pressure, which prevents the fibers from slipping on the screen belt.

Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird anhand der Fig. 1 wie folgt beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is based on the Fig. 1 described as follows.

Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Faservlieses mit unterschiedlicher Faserorientierung.The single figure shows schematically an apparatus for producing a fiber fleece with different fiber orientations.

Fasern 1 werden in einen Behälter 2 gefüllt.Fibers 1 are filled into a container 2.

Aus dem Behälter 2 werden die Fasern durch Einzugswalzen 3 abgezogen und einer Walze 4 mit z. B. garnierter Oberfläche zugeführt. Die Walze 4 vereinzelt die Fasern 1 weiter und gibt sie über Leitelemente 5 an ein besaugtes Siebband 6 ab.From the container 2, the fibers are drawn off by feed rollers 3 and a roller 4 with z. B. supplied garnished surface. The roller 4 further separates the fibers 1 and transfers them via guide elements 5 to a screen belt 6 with suction.

Die Fasern sind durch den Ablageprozess quer zur Laufrichtung des Bandes abgelegt und eine Faserschicht 8 gebildet.The fibers are deposited by the deposition process transversely to the running direction of the tape and a fiber layer 8 is formed.

Eine Walze 9, die mit einer genadelten oder garnierten Oberfläche versehen ist, "kämmt" die Fasern einer obersten Schicht in Laufrichtung. Eventuell überschüssige Fasern werden abgesaugt und den frischen Fasern beigemischt.A roller 9, which is provided with a needled or garnished surface, "combs" the fibers of an uppermost layer in the running direction. Any excess fibers are sucked off and mixed with the fresh fibers.

Ein Vlies 10 mit in Laufrichtung orientierten Fasern in einer oberen Schicht und quer zur Laufrichtung in einer darunterliegenden Schicht entsteht.A fleece 10 with fibers oriented in the machine direction in an upper layer and transversely to the machine direction in an underlying layer is produced.

Eine Absaugung 7 verhindert ein Verrutschen der Fasern auf dem Sieb. Die Absaugung 7 ist auf der Seite des Vlieses 10 angeordnet, die zu der Seite des Vlieses 10 gegenüberliegt, die der den Kämmprozess bewirkenden Walze 9 zugeordnet ist.A suction 7 prevents the fibers from slipping on the sieve. The suction 7 is arranged on the side of the fleece 10 which is opposite to the side of the fleece 10 which is assigned to the roller 9 effecting the combing process.

Es ist auch denkbar, den Kämmprozess auf der unteren Seite des Vlieses zu wiederholen. Auf diese Weise kann ein Vlies mit hervorragender Längs- zu Quer-Festigkeit erzeugt werden. In einigen Anwendungen ist diese webartige Struktur erwünscht.It is also conceivable to repeat the combing process on the lower side of the fleece. In this way, a fleece with excellent longitudinal to transverse strength can be produced. In some applications this web-like structure is desirable.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vlieses (10) mit verschiedener Orientierung der Fasern (1) in verschiedenen Schichten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein quer zur Laufrichtung orientiertes Faservlies (10) durch einen Kämmvorgang auf mindestens einer Oberfläche behandelt wird.Method for producing a nonwoven (10) with different orientations of the fibers (1) in different layers, characterized in that a nonwoven (10) oriented transversely to the running direction is treated by a combing process on at least one surface. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kämmvorgang durch eine mit einer Struktur versehenen Oberfläche durchgeführt wird.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the combing process is carried out through a surface provided with a structure. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Struktur durch Spitzen, Sägezahndraht oder Noppen erzeugt wird.Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the structure is produced by points, sawtooth wire or knobs. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kämmvorgang durch eine strukturierte Walze (7) oder Band erfolgt.Method according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the combing process is carried out by a structured roller (7) or belt. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kämmelemente sich mit mindestens der doppelten Geschwindigkeit wie die Transportgeschwindigkeit des ganzen Vlieses bewegen.Method according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the combing elements move at at least twice the speed as the transport speed of the entire fleece. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kämmelemente sich im Kämmvorgang entgegen der Transportrichtung des Vlieses bewegen.Method according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the combing elements move in the combing process against the transport direction of the fleece. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der dem Kämmprozess gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche des Vlieses (10) ein Unterdruck herrscht oder/ und eine strukturierte Oberfläche des Transportelements besteht.Method according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that there is a negative pressure on the surface of the fleece (10) opposite the combing process and / or there is a structured surface of the transport element. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorgang kontinuierlich erfolgt.Method according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the process takes place continuously. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Vliesbildung und Kämmvorgang auf mindestens einem Siebband (6) und/ oder einer Siebtrommel erfolgt.Method according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the web formation and the combing process take place on at least one sieve belt (6) and / or a sieve drum.
EP21159295.1A 2020-02-27 2021-02-25 Method for producing a fibrous web with varying fibre orientation Withdrawn EP3872246A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020001262.0A DE102020001262A1 (en) 2020-02-27 2020-02-27 Process for the production of a fiber fleece with different fiber orientations

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3741082A1 (en) * 1986-12-31 1988-07-28 Textima Veb K Apparatus for the patterning, structuring and variation of surface mass
DE3741045A1 (en) * 1986-12-31 1988-12-15 Textima Veb K Resorting apparatus
DE4234355A1 (en) * 1992-10-12 1994-04-14 Dilo Kg Maschf Oskar Mfg. felt of great width and longitudinal fibres - out of staple fibre web, as web is fed continuously, staple fibres being combed out on diagonal line, etc.
DE102009036053A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-10 Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. Method and device for the online influencing of the fiber orientation in the batt

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009012819U1 (en) 2009-09-24 2011-02-10 Matecs Sp. Z.O.O. Plant for the production of fiber fleece mats and fiber fleece produced therewith

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3741082A1 (en) * 1986-12-31 1988-07-28 Textima Veb K Apparatus for the patterning, structuring and variation of surface mass
DE3741045A1 (en) * 1986-12-31 1988-12-15 Textima Veb K Resorting apparatus
DE4234355A1 (en) * 1992-10-12 1994-04-14 Dilo Kg Maschf Oskar Mfg. felt of great width and longitudinal fibres - out of staple fibre web, as web is fed continuously, staple fibres being combed out on diagonal line, etc.
DE102009036053A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-10 Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. Method and device for the online influencing of the fiber orientation in the batt

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