EP3851608B1 - Method for manufacturing a roof covering of a building - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The present invention generally relates to the field of building construction and it relates more particularly to a method for producing a roof covering for a building.

Technology background

Energy savings lead to the implementation of thermal insulation which must be effective, in particular on the building roof side. To this end, layers of insulation are used under the roof and which are covered by appropriate covering means. These latter means must be fixed to the building because they are subject to the environment, in particular to the wind, and the assembly must be sealed at least against liquid water.

Generally, the means of covering are fixed to resistant elements of the building such as a framework or a structural work, which requires being able to insert therein fixing devices of the type of screw, nail, or equivalent. This results in the tedious work of locating the location of the element, drilling the element, installing dowels if necessary and/or other actions.

It would be preferable to be able to fix the covering means in more easily accessible and drillable materials such as insulation. However, the latter is generally not very compact, even friable.

We know from the document FR2827017 a screw that is particularly easy to drive into a material with low mechanical resistance and which allows the benefit of high retaining forces once installed in the material. We also know the documents US4892429A , US4763456A but they are intended to allow attachment of ceiling insulation to a floor or roof.

Finally, we know the following documents: US 8,677,718 B2 and D2 US 5,692,352A as well as FROM 35 15 419 , EN 2 637 633 A1 , DE 94 07 875 U1 , GB 2 092 202 A ; FR 2 496 551 A1 , EP 1 645 698 A1 and GB 2 169 051 A .

Disclosure of Invention

In particular, in order to simplify the construction of the roof of a building and, possibly, to remedy various drawbacks, a method of production of a roof covering of a building, the building comprising a roof support, in which method a layer of determined thickness of an insulating material having a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 50 is fixed to the roof support kPa so as to form an upper face of insulating material, the upper face of the insulating material is covered with bituminous corrugated plates made of cellulose fibers arranged with their respective adjacent edges superimposed, the corrugated plates comprising crests of corrugations separated by corrugation hollows, the corrugated plates are fixed to the insulating material by anchor screws, the anchor screws being positioned to pass through the crests of the corrugations, the anchor screws comprising a shaft with a helical thread, the shaft being surmounted by a head with a diameter greater than the diameter of the barrel excluding the net, and cover elements are installed on the corrugated plates in order to form an external face to the cover.

• la face supérieure de matériau isolant est sensiblement plane,
• la face supérieure de matériau isolant est sensiblement continue,
• la surface supérieure du matériau isolant est sensiblement continue à l'exception des traversées/passages d'éléments devant traverser la sous toiture et/ou la couverture comme par exemple un conduit de cheminée ou d'aération,
• le matériau isolant est un isolant au moins thermique,
• le matériau isolant est fourni en plaques,
• le matériau isolant est choisi parmi la laine de roche, le polystyrène expansé (EPS), la mousse de polystyrène expansé extrudé (XPS), le polyuréthane,
• le fût de la vis d'ancrage est surmonté d'une tête de diamètre supérieur au diamètre du filet,
• les vis d'ancrage sont positionnées pour traverser les lattes,
• les vis d'ancrage sont positionnées latéralement aux lattes pour ne pas traverser les lattes, au moins une partie de la tête élargie ou d'une rondelle en sous-tête s'appuyant contre la face supérieure de la latte une fois la latte fixée par la vis d'ancrage,
• les vis d'ancrage sont positionnées latéralement aux lattes pour ne pas traverser les lattes, une pièce de liaison étant mise en œuvre entre la latte et la vis d'ancrage,
• les lattes sont en bois,
• les lattes sont en matière plastique,
• les lattes sont métallique,
• les éléments de couverture sont installés sur les plaques ondulées par l'intermédiaire de lattes, ledit procédé consistant alors en ce qu'on fixe sur le support de toiture la couche d'épaisseur déterminée du matériau isolant ayant une résistance à la compression σ10 ≥ 50 kPa de manière à former la face supérieure de matériau isolant, on recouvre la face supérieure du matériau isolant avec les plaques ondulées bituminées en fibres de cellulose disposées avec superposition de leurs bords adjacents respectifs, les plaques ondulées comportant des sommets d'ondulations séparés par des creux d'ondulations, on fixe les plaques ondulées au matériau isolant par les vis d'ancrage, les vis d'ancrage étant positionnées pour traverser les sommets des ondulations, les vis d'ancrage comportant un fût avec un filet hélicoïdal, le fût étant surmontée d'une tête de diamètre supérieur au diamètre du fût hors filet, on installe sur les plaques ondulées les lattes, les lattes étant disposées selon des lignes parallèles entre elles et perpendiculaires aux ondulations afin que chaque latte repose sur les sommets des ondulations, on fixe les lattes au moins aux plaques ondulées par les vis d'ancrage, lesdites vis d'ancrage étant positionnées pour traverser les sommets des ondulations, on installe les éléments de couverture sur les lattes afin de former la face externe à la couverture,
• les lattes sont fixées au moins aux plaques ondulées par l'intermédiaire de pièces de liaison disposées sur les sommets des ondulations, la pièce de liaison comportant une griffe de retenue de latte et un plateau, le plateau étant posé à plat sur le sommet de l'ondulation, la griffe de retenue de latte se raccordant à une extrémité du plateau située du côté du sommet de l'ondulation, la griffe de retenue de latte permettant le maintien de la latte contre le sommet de l'ondulation, le plateau comportant un orifice de passage de vis d'ancrage, le fût et le filet de la vis d'ancrage traversant le plateau et le sommet de l'ondulation de la plaque ondulée, la tête de la vis d'ancrage s'appliquant contre la face supérieure du plateau,
• la pièce de liaison comporte en outre deux pattes latérales,
• les deux pattes latérales sont orientées vers le bas de chaque côté du sommet de l'ondulation et reposent à leurs extrémités inférieures sur la plaque ondulée de part et d'autre dudit sommet, la pièce de liaison étant disposée à cheval sur le sommet de l'ondulation,
• La pièce de liaison est une pièce plane,
• La pièce de liaison ne comporte pas de patte latérale,
• la pointe de la vis d'ancrage permet de perforer le sommet de l'ondulation à la manière d'un clou juste avant le vissage de la vis d'ancrage,
• la pointe de la vis d'ancrage permet de perforer le sommet de l'ondulation à la manière d'une vrille lors du vissage de la vis d'ancrage,
• la griffe de retenue de latte de la pièce de liaison permet le maintien de la latte directement contre le sommet de l'ondulation,
• la griffe de retenue de latte de la pièce de liaison permet le maintien de la latte indirectement contre le sommet de l'ondulation, une partie de la griffe de retenue de latte étant interposée entre le sommet de l'ondulation et la latte,
• le plateau de la pièce de liaison est sensiblement rectangulaire,
• le plateau de la pièce de liaison est sensiblement carré,
• le fût et le filet de la vis d'ancrage traverse le plateau de la pièce de liaison dans un orifice de passage sensiblement au centre du plateau,
• les lattes ont quatre faces, une face supérieure, une face inférieure et deux faces latérales,
• la griffe de retenue de la pièce de liaison recouvre/enserre les quatre faces de la latte,
• la griffe de retenue de la pièce de liaison recouvre/enserre trois des faces de la latte, la face supérieure, une des deux faces latérales et la face inférieure,
• la griffe de retenue de la pièce de liaison recouvre/enserre trois des faces de la latte, la face supérieure et les des deux faces latérales,
• la griffe de retenue de la pièce de liaison est constituée d'une succession continue de parties planes inclinées entre elles et recouvrant des faces de la latte,
• la pièce de liaison à deux pattes latérales orientées vers le bas est configurée afin que les deux pattes latérales reposent à leurs extrémités inférieures le long des deux pentes montantes latérales du sommet de l'ondulation ou dans les deux creux bordant le sommet de l'ondulation,
• les deux pattes latérales orientées vers le bas de la pièce de liaison sont configurées pour que le plateau repose à cheval sur le sommet de l'ondulation lorsque les extrémités inférieures des pattes latérales reposent le long des deux pentes montantes latérales du sommet de l'ondulation ou dans les deux creux bordant le sommet de l'ondulation,
• les deux pattes latérales orientées vers le bas de la pièce de liaison ont des inclinaisons ajustables par rapport au plateau,
• les deux pattes latérales orientées vers le bas de la pièce de liaison sont verticales, donc perpendiculaire au plateau,
• les deux pattes latérales orientées vers le bas de la pièce de liaison sont inclinées latéralement par rapport à la verticale, les pattes latérales s'écartant l'une de l'autre en allant vers le bas,
• le plateau est plan,
• le plateau est contournée au moins en partie en forme de sommet d'onde afin d'épouser la forme du sommet de l'ondulation,
• la pièce de liaison est obtenue par pliage d'un flan obtenu dans une plaque métallique,
• les vis d'ancrage permettent en outre la fixation des lattes au matériau isolant,
• les vis d'ancrage permettant en outre la fixation des lattes au matériau isolant assurent donc aussi une fixation de la plaque ondulée au matériau isolant,
• la toiture est en pente,
• les éléments de couverture sont des ardoises ou équivalents,
• les éléments de couverture sont des tuiles,
• les tuiles comportent sur leur face inférieure des ergots de retenue et les tuiles sont retenues aux lattes par leurs ergots,
• dans le cas où des tuiles comportant sur leur face inférieure des ergots de retenue sont mises en œuvre, on procède à l'installation sur les plaques ondulées des lattes afin que les tuiles soient retenues aux lattes par leurs ergots,
• les tuiles sont des tuiles mécaniques,
• les tuiles sont des tuiles « marseillaises »,
• les tuiles sont des tuiles canal,
• les tuiles ou ardoises ou équivalents sont en outre fixés aux lattes par des éléments de fixation à type de crochets, clous, vis ou équivalents,
• les plaques ondulées ont des ondulations périodiques régulières,
• les plaques ondulées ont un motif périodique constitué d'un groupe d'ondulations séparé du groupe suivant par un creux plat,
• les plaques ondulées à motif périodique ont un groupe de trois ondulations pour un creux plat,
• les plaques ondulées à motif périodique ont un groupe de deux ondulations pour un creux plat,
• la toiture est en pente et les plaques ondulées sont disposées avec les ondulations allongées dans le sens de la pente,
• la toiture est en pente et les plaques ondulées sont disposées par bandes parallèles, les bandes étant perpendiculaires à la pente,
• les plaques ondulées sont décalées entre elles entre deux bandes successives le long de la pente,
• les plaques ondulées sont décalées entre elles le long de la pente,
• la toiture est en pente et les lattes sont disposées perpendiculairement à la pente,
• les vis d'ancrage traversant les plaques ondulées sont préférentiellement installées vers les bords superposés des plaques ondulées afin que préférentiellement elles traversent au moins deux plaques ondulées à la fois,
• des vis d'ancrage traversant les plaques ondulées sont installées à distance des bords superposés des plaques ondulées,
• le support de toiture comporte une surface sensiblement continue de gros œuvre fermant le bâtiment vers le haut, l'épaisseur déterminée de matériau isolant étant fixée sur le gros œuvre,
• le gros œuvre est constitué d'un assemblage de briques creuses,
• le support de toiture comporte une surface supérieure sensiblement continue de gros œuvre fermant le bâtiment vers le haut et le matériau isolant est fixé sur la surface de gros œuvre par collage,
• la surface supérieure sensiblement continue de gros œuvre du support de toiture est sensiblement plane,
• le support de toiture comporte une surface discontinue de gros œuvre fermant partiellement vers le haut le bâtiment et le matériau isolant permet de fermer vers le haut le bâtiment,
• le support de toiture à surface discontinue de gros œuvre est une charpente et le matériau isolant est fixé à la charpente,
• le matériau isolant fixé sur le support de toiture forme une surface supérieure sensiblement plane,
• les pointes des vis d'ancrage sont en forme de clou et permettent de perforer les plaques ondulées à la manière d'un clou, c'est-à-dire en frappant la tête de la vis d'ancrage,
• les pointes des vis d'ancrage sont en forme de vrille et permettent de perforer les plaques ondulées lors du vissage à la manière d'une vrille, c'est-à-dire en tournant la vis d'ancrage,
• on prévoit des vis d'ancrage ayant des longueurs de fût différentes,
• on prévoit des vis d'ancrage ayant deux longueurs différentes, courte et longue,
• on prévoit des vis d'ancrage dites courtes qui ont une longueur de 95 mm,
• de préférence, les vis d'ancrage courtes de 95 mm sont utilisées avec des épaisseurs d'isolation comprises entre 80 et 120 mm,
• on prévoit des vis d'ancrage dites longues qui ont une longueur de 125 mm,
• de préférence, les vis d'ancrage longues de 125 mm sont utilisées avec des épaisseurs d'isolation ≥ 120 mm,
• les vis d'ancrage sont de deux types, vis d'ancrages courtes de 95 mm et vis d'ancrages longues de 125 mm,
• les vis d'ancrage de longueurs différentes sont discernables par une marque ou une couleur spécifique,
• les vis d'ancrage ont des dimensions identiques à l'exception de leurs longueurs qui sont différentes,
• les vis d'ancrage comportant des différences dimensionnelles sont discernables par une marque ou une couleur spécifique,
• les vis d'ancrage sont métalliques,
• les vis d'ancrage sont en matière plastique,
• la matière plastique des vis d'ancrage est choisie parmi : le nylon, les polymères du polypropylène,
• la tête de la vis d'ancrage est circulaire de 30 mm de diamètre et comporte une empreinte centrale d'entraînement,
• le fût de la vis d'ancrage comporte une partie supérieure tronconique, une partie centrale cylindrique de diamètre 6 mm et une partie inférieure de type auto-perçant à extrémité pointue,
• le filet de la vis d'ancrage a un pas de 16 mm et un diamètre hors tout de 22 mm,
• les vis d'ancrage sont installées dans les creux des ondulations,
• les vis d'ancrage sont installées dans les plats des ondulations,
• les vis d'ancrage installées dans les creux ou plats des ondulations sont des vis d'ancrages courtes,
• les vis d'ancrage sont installées sur les sommets des ondulations des plaques ondulées,
• les vis d'ancrage installées au sommet des ondulations sont des vis d'ancrages longues,
• les vis d'ancrage comportent à la surface supérieure de leur tête et aligné avec l'axe principal du fût, une empreinte d'entraînement en rotation par un outils de vissage,
• l'empreinte d'entraînement de la vis est du type TORX^®,
• l'outils de vissage est un tournevis manuel,
• l'outils de vissage est un tournevis motorisé,
• la vis d'ancrage a un fût creux permettant l'injection d'un produit de collage dans le matériau isolant afin de coller la vis d'ancrage au matériau isolant une fois la vis d'ancrage vissée dans le matériau isolant,
• la vis d'ancrage a un fût creux et ouvert à ses deux extrémités supérieure, côté tête, et inférieure, côté pointe, ledit le fût creux permettant l'injection d'un produit de collage à l'extrémité inférieure de la vis depuis la tête de la vis d'ancrage, ladite pointe ouverte formant en outre un emporte-pièce pour percement de la plaque ondulée,
• la vis d'ancrage a un fût creux au moins ouvert à son extrémité supérieure, côté tête, des veinules radiales reliées au fût creux et débouchant en périphérie du fût et possiblement du filet permettant l'injection d'un produit de collage autour du fût,
• la vis d'ancrage à veinules radiales comporte des veinules en partie haute du fût permettant l'injection d'une mousse expansible à l'intérieur de l'ondulation, entre le matériau isolant et le sommet de l'ondulation,
• l'ouverture à l'extrémité supérieure de la vis d'ancrage à fût creux est au fond de l'empreinte d'entrainement /vissage.

Other non-limiting and advantageous characteristics of the process in accordance with the invention, taken individually or according to all the technically possible combinations, are the following:

• the upper face of insulating material is substantially flat,
• the upper face of insulating material is substantially continuous,
• the upper surface of the insulating material is substantially continuous with the exception of the crossings/passages of elements having to cross the underroof and/or the cover such as for example a chimney or ventilation duct,
• the insulating material is at least a thermal insulator,
• the insulating material is supplied in plates,
• the insulating material is chosen from rock wool, expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded expanded polystyrene foam (XPS), polyurethane,
• the shaft of the anchor screw is surmounted by a head with a diameter greater than the diameter of the thread,
• the anchor screws are positioned to cross the slats,
• the anchoring screws are positioned laterally to the slats so as not to cross the slats, at least a part of the enlarged head or of an under-head washer resting against the upper face of the slat once the slat is fixed by anchor screw,
• the anchoring screws are positioned laterally to the slats so as not to cross the slats, a connecting piece being implemented between the slat and the screw anchor,
• the slats are made of wood,
• the slats are made of plastic,
• the slats are metallic,
• the roofing elements are installed on the corrugated sheets by means of slats, said method then consisting in fixing the layer of determined thickness of the insulating material having a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 50 to the roof support kPa so as to form the upper face of insulating material, the upper face of the insulating material is covered with bituminous corrugated plates made of cellulose fibers arranged with their respective adjacent edges superimposed, the corrugated plates comprising corrugation peaks separated by troughs of the corrugations, the corrugated plates are fixed to the insulating material by the anchor screws, the anchor screws being positioned to pass through the crests of the corrugations, the anchor screws comprising a shaft with a helical thread, the shaft being surmounted by a head with a diameter greater than the diameter of the barrel excluding the net, the slats are installed on the corrugated plates, the slats being arranged according to lines are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the corrugations so that each slat rests on the crests of the corrugations, the slats are fixed at least to the corrugated plates by the anchoring screws, the said anchoring screws being positioned to cross the crests of the corrugations, installs the cover elements on the slats to form the outer face of the cover,
• the slats are fixed at least to the corrugated plates by means of connecting pieces arranged on the tops of the corrugations, the connecting piece comprising a slat retaining claw and a plate, the plate being placed flat on the top of the corrugation, the slat retaining claw connecting to one end of the plate located on the side of the top of the corrugation, the slat retaining claw allowing the slat to be held against the top of the corrugation, the plate comprising a anchor screw hole, the shaft and thread of the anchor screw passing through the plate and the top of the corrugation of the corrugated plate, the head of the anchor screw resting against the upper face of the board,
• the connecting piece further comprises two lateral tabs,
• the two side legs point downward on either side of the top of the corrugation and rest at their lower ends on the corrugated plate of on either side of said vertex, the connecting piece being arranged astride the vertex of the corrugation,
• The connecting piece is a flat piece,
• The connecting piece does not have a side tab,
• the point of the anchoring screw makes it possible to perforate the top of the corrugation like a nail just before screwing in the anchoring screw,
• the point of the anchor screw makes it possible to perforate the top of the corrugation like a gimlet when screwing in the anchor screw,
• the slat retaining claw of the connecting piece allows the slat to be held directly against the top of the corrugation,
• the slat retaining claw of the connecting piece allows the slat to be held indirectly against the top of the corrugation, part of the slat retaining claw being interposed between the top of the corrugation and the slat,
• the plate of the connecting piece is substantially rectangular,
• the plate of the connecting piece is substantially square,
• the shaft and the thread of the anchoring screw crosses the plate of the connecting piece in a passage orifice substantially in the center of the plate,
• the slats have four faces, an upper face, a lower face and two side faces,
• the retaining claw of the connecting piece covers/encloses the four faces of the slat,
• the retaining claw of the connecting piece covers/encloses three of the faces of the slat, the upper face, one of the two side faces and the lower face,
• the retaining claw of the connecting piece covers/encloses three of the faces of the slat, the upper face and the two side faces,
• the retaining claw of the connecting piece consists of a continuous succession of flat parts inclined to each other and covering the faces of the slat,
• the connecting piece with two downward facing side legs is configured so that the two side legs rest at their lower ends along the two side rising slopes of the top of the corrugation or in the two depressions bordering the top of the corrugation ,
• the two downward-facing side legs of the connecting piece are configured so that the tray rests astride the top of the corrugation when the lower ends of the side legs rest alongside the two lateral rising slopes of the crest of the corrugation or in the two troughs bordering the crest of the corrugation,
• the two downward-facing side legs of the connecting piece have adjustable inclinations relative to the top,
• the two downward-facing side legs of the connecting piece are vertical, therefore perpendicular to the top,
• the two downward-facing side tabs of the connecting piece are inclined laterally with respect to the vertical, the side tabs diverging from each other downwards,
• the board is flat,
• the plate is contoured at least in part in the shape of a wave crest in order to match the shape of the crest of the undulation,
• the connecting piece is obtained by bending a blank obtained in a metal plate,
• the anchoring screws also allow the fixing of the slats to the insulating material,
• the anchoring screws also allowing the fixing of the slats to the insulating material therefore also ensure fixing of the corrugated plate to the insulating material,
• the roof is sloping,
• the cover elements are slates or equivalent,
• the cover elements are tiles,
• the tiles have retaining lugs on their underside and the tiles are held to the slats by their lugs,
• in the case where tiles comprising retaining lugs on their underside are used, installation is carried out on the corrugated plates of the slats so that the tiles are retained on the slats by their lugs,
• the tiles are mechanical tiles,
• the tiles are “Marseilles” tiles,
• the tiles are channel tiles,
• the tiles or slates or equivalent are also fixed to the slats by fastening elements such as hooks, nails, screws or equivalent,
• corrugated plates have regular periodic corrugations,
• the corrugated plates have a periodic pattern consisting of a group of corrugations separated from the next group by a flat hollow,
• periodic pattern corrugated plates have a group of three corrugations for a flat hollow,
• periodic pattern corrugated plates have a group of two corrugations for a flat hollow,
• the roof is sloping and the corrugated sheets are arranged with the corrugations elongated in the direction of the slope,
• the roof is sloping and the corrugated sheets are arranged in parallel strips, the strips being perpendicular to the slope,
• the corrugated plates are staggered between them between two successive bands along the slope,
• the corrugated plates are offset from each other along the slope,
• the roof is sloping and the slats are arranged perpendicular to the slope,
• the anchor screws passing through the corrugated plates are preferably installed towards the overlapping edges of the corrugated plates so that they preferentially pass through at least two corrugated plates at a time,
• anchor screws passing through the corrugated sheets are installed at a distance from the overlapping edges of the corrugated sheets,
• the roof support comprises a substantially continuous surface of structural work closing the building upwards, the determined thickness of insulating material being fixed to the structural work,
• the structural work consists of an assembly of hollow bricks,
• the roof support comprises a substantially continuous upper surface of the structural work closing the building upwards and the insulating material is fixed to the surface of the structural work by gluing,
• the substantially continuous upper surface of the structural work of the roof support is substantially flat,
• the roofing support comprises a discontinuous structural work surface partially closing the building upwards and the insulating material makes it possible to close the building upwards,
• the roof support with discontinuous surface of structural work is a frame and the insulating material is fixed to the frame,
• the insulating material fixed to the roof support forms a substantially flat upper surface,
• the points of the anchor screws are in the shape of a nail and make it possible to perforate the corrugated plates like a nail, that is, hitting the head of the anchor screw,
• the tips of the anchor screws are twist-shaped and allow the corrugated plates to be perforated when screwing in a twist fashion, i.e. by turning the anchor screw,
• anchoring screws are provided with different barrel lengths,
• anchor screws are provided having two different lengths, short and long,
• provision is made for so-called short anchor screws which have a length of 95 mm,
• preferably, the short 95 mm anchor screws are used with insulation thicknesses between 80 and 120 mm,
• provision is made for so-called long anchor screws which have a length of 125 mm,
• preferably, 125 mm long anchor screws are used with insulation thicknesses ≥ 120 mm,
• the anchor screws are of two types, short anchor screws of 95 mm and long anchor screws of 125 mm,
• anchor screws of different lengths are distinguishable by a specific mark or color,
• the anchor screws have identical dimensions except for their lengths which are different,
• anchor screws with dimensional differences are discernible by a specific mark or color,
• the anchoring screws are metallic,
• the anchor screws are made of plastic material,
• the plastic material of the anchoring screws is chosen from: nylon, polypropylene polymers,
• the head of the anchoring screw is circular, 30 mm in diameter and has a central drive recess,
• the shaft of the anchor screw comprises a frustoconical upper part, a cylindrical central part with a diameter of 6 mm and a lower part of the self-drilling type with a pointed end,
• the thread of the anchor screw has a pitch of 16 mm and an overall diameter of 22 mm,
• anchor screws are installed in the hollows of the corrugations,
• the anchor screws are installed in the flats of the corrugations,
• the anchor screws installed in the valleys or flats of the corrugations are screws short anchors,
• the anchor screws are installed on the tops of the corrugations of the corrugated plates,
• the anchor screws installed at the top of the corrugations are long anchor screws,
• the anchoring screws have on the upper surface of their head and aligned with the main axis of the shaft, a rotational drive imprint by a screwing tool,
• the drive recess of the screw is of the TORX ^® type,
• the screwing tool is a manual screwdriver,
• the screwing tool is a motorized screwdriver,
• the anchor screw has a hollow shaft allowing the injection of a bonding product into the insulating material in order to bond the anchor screw to the insulating material once the anchor screw has been screwed into the insulating material,
• the anchoring screw has a hollow shaft and open at its two upper ends, head side, and lower, tip side, said hollow shaft allowing the injection of a bonding product at the lower end of the screw from the head of the anchoring screw, said open tip further forming a punch for piercing the corrugated plate,
• the anchoring screw has a hollow shaft at least open at its upper end, on the head side, radial veinlets connected to the hollow shaft and emerging at the periphery of the shaft and possibly of the thread allowing the injection of a bonding product around the shaft ,
• the anchoring screw with radial veinlets comprises veinlets in the upper part of the shaft allowing the injection of an expandable foam inside the corrugation, between the insulating material and the top of the corrugation,
• the opening at the top end of the hollow shank screw anchor is at the bottom of the driving/screwing cavity.

Brief description of the drawings

• [Fig. 1] représente une vue de dessus d'une pièce de liaison à nervures,
• [Fig. 2] représente une vue d'une première extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 1,
• [Fig. 3] représente une vue latérale de la pièce de liaison de la figure 1,
• [Fig. 4] représente une vue d'une seconde extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 1,
• [Fig. 5] représente une vue de la seconde extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 1, installée à cheval sur un sommet d'ondulation d'un deuxième type de plaque ondulée,
• [Fig. 6] représente une vue de la seconde extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 1, installée à cheval sur un sommet d'ondulation d'un premier type de plaque ondulée,
• [Fig. 7] représente une vue de la seconde extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 1, installée à cheval sur un sommet d'ondulation d'un troisième type de plaque ondulée,
• [Fig. 8] représente des vues de dessus et latérale d'une vis d'ancrage longue, [Fig. 9] représente des vues de dessus et latérale d'une vis d'ancrage courte,
• [Fig. 10] représente une première étape de réalisation de la couverture avec un collage de plaques d'isolant sur un support de toiture en pente constitué d'un gros œuvre de briques creuses,
• [Fig. 11] représente une deuxième étape de réalisation avec l'installation sur les plaques d'isolant d'une première bande de plaques ondulées bituminées en fibres de cellulose en commençant par le bas de la pente,
• [Fig. 12] représente un détail de l'installation des plaques ondulées au niveau de la superposition/du chevauchement des extrémités des plaques ondulées le long de la pente entre deux bandes de plaques ondulées et avec fixation des plaques ondulées au matériau isolant par des vis d'ancrage au niveau du chevauchement,
• [Fig. 13] représente une troisième étape de réalisation avec l'installation sur les plaques ondulées des lattes qui sont fixées par des pièces de liaison et des vis d'ancrage, aux plaques ondulées et aux plaques d'isolant,
• [Fig. 14] représente un détail de la fixation d'une latte par une pièce de liaison et une vis d'ancrage vissée sur un sommet d'ondulation grâce à une visseuse électrique, la distance entre lattes successives le long de la pente étant mesurée pour s'adapter aux dimensions fonctionnelles des tuiles,
• [Fig. 15] représente une quatrième étape de réalisation avec l'installation des tuiles sur les lattes fixées aux plaques ondulées et aux plaques d'isolant,
• [Fig. 16] représente une vue d'une première extrémité d'une pièce de liaison comportant en outre deux pattes latérales verticales,
• [Fig. 17] représente une vue de la seconde extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 16, installée à cheval sur un sommet d'ondulation du premier type de plaque ondulée,
• [Fig. 18] représente une vue de la seconde extrémité de la pièce de liaison de la figure 16 mais à pattes écartées, installée à cheval sur un sommet d'ondulation du deuxième type de plaque ondulée à ondulations plus larges que le premier type, et [Fig. 19] représente une vue d'une couverture à tuiles canal comportant une plaque ondulée du premier type fixée sur l'isolant par une vis d'ancrage.

On the attached drawings:

• [ Fig. 1 ] shows a top view of a ribbed connecting piece,
• [ Fig. 2 ] shows a view of a first end of the connecting part of the figure 1 ,
• [ Fig. 3 ] shows a side view of the connecting part of the figure 1 ,
• [ Fig. 4 ] shows a view of a second end of the connecting part of the figure 1 ,
• [ Fig. 5 ] shows a view of the second end of the connecting part of the figure 1 , installed astride a corrugation top of a second type of corrugated plate,
• [ Fig. 6 ] shows a view of the second end of the connecting part of the figure 1 , installed astride a corrugation top of a first type of corrugated plate,
• [ Fig. 7 ] shows a view of the second end of the connecting part of the figure 1 , installed astride a corrugation top of a third type of corrugated plate,
• [ Fig. 8 ] shows top and side views of a long anchor screw, [ Fig. 9 ] shows top and side views of a short screw anchor,
• [ Fig. 10 ] represents a first stage in the construction of the roof with a bonding of insulating plates on a sloping roof support made up of a structural work of hollow bricks,
• [ Fig. 11 ] represents a second stage of production with the installation on the insulating plates of a first strip of corrugated bituminous plates made of cellulose fibers starting at the bottom of the slope,
• [ Fig. 12 ] shows a detail of the installation of the corrugated sheets at the level of overlapping/overlapping of the ends of the corrugated sheets along the slope between two strips of corrugated sheets and with fixing of the corrugated sheets to the insulating material by anchor screws at the overlap,
• [ Fig. 13 ] represents a third stage of production with the installation on the corrugated plates of the slats which are fixed by connecting pieces and anchoring screws, to the corrugated plates and to the insulating plates,
• [ Fig. 14 ] shows a detail of the fixing of a slat by a connecting piece and an anchor screw screwed onto a corrugation top using an electric screwdriver, the distance between successive slats along the slope being measured for s' adapt to the functional dimensions of the tiles,
• [ Fig. 15 ] represents a fourth stage of production with the installation of the tiles on the slats fixed to the corrugated plates and to the insulating plates,
• [ Fig. 16 ] shows a view of a first end of a connecting piece further comprising two vertical side tabs,
• [ Fig. 17 ] shows a view of the second end of the connecting part of the figure 16 , installed astride a corrugation top of the first type of corrugated plate,
• [ Fig. 18 ] shows a view of the second end of the connecting part of the figure 16 but with spread legs, installed astride an undulating summit of the second type of corrugated plate with wider corrugations than the first type, and [ Fig. 19 ] shows a view of a Roman tile roof comprising a corrugated plate of the first type fixed to the insulation by an anchor screw.

Detailed description of an embodiment

The following description, with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention defined by the claims consists of and how it can be implemented.

We present the stages of the realization of the cover before detailing the structure of the elements implemented for this realization.

In this embodiment and contrary to what is usually done, the corrugated plates and the slats are fixed to an insulating material by special anchoring screws. Usually, the screws pass through the insulation to attach themselves to more resistant "hard" construction materials, such as those of a frame or another construction structure (wood, metal, masonry, brick, sheet metal, etc.).

The insulating material, which can be in plates or in rolls which are unrolled, is at least a thermal insulator. The insulating material may optionally include other functions such as a vapor barrier, for example. This insulating material is light, not very compact and has mechanical properties, in particular tear or tensile strength, which are much lower than those of other “hard” building materials.

In particular, the insulating material has a compressive strength at 10% deformation, σ10, as defined by standard EN 826, of at least 50 kPa. The resistance properties of these insulating materials are more specifically described in standard EN 826: 2013 "Thermal insulating products intended for building applications - Determination of behavior in compression".

The insulating material typically consists of plates of rock wool, expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded expanded polystyrene foam (XPS), or polyurethane. On the other hand, it will be avoided to implement the invention with other types of insulation such as rolls of fiberglass, cork or cellular glass because of their weak mechanical characteristics unless a means of reinforcing these characteristics mechanical can be used, in particular by injecting a glue or equivalent through the anchor screw.

More precisely, the usable insulators have sufficient weight and crushing strength and are therefore of suitable compactness which can possibly be differentiated according to the location on the roof, the geographical area of location of the building as well as the geometric conformation. slopes that make up the roof.

We can thus define three classes of insulation constraints: normal class (buildings with little exposure to gusts of wind, urban buildings), median class (buildings that can be exposed to gusts of wind, tall buildings that stand out in the urban context or buildings beyond/outside the urban context), high class (buildings often exposed to gusts of wind, coastal areas, non-urban context, very tall buildings, etc.).

The invention can be implemented with several types of insulation.

Rock wool for the normal class. This material can be chosen with a high density p > 140 kg/m ³ and at single density, with a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 50 kPa. As a variant, this material can be chosen with an average density p=140 kg/m ³ and with double density (200/120), with a compressive strength o10≥50 kPa.

Stone wool for the middle class. This material can be chosen with a high density p > 150 kg/m ³ and double density (210/145), with a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 50 kPa.

Stone wool for the high class. This material can be chosen with an even higher density p = 165 kg/m ³ and double density (220/150) with a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 70 kPa.

Extruded polystyrene (EPS) which, for all classes, has a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 150 kPa.

Extruded expanded polystyrene (XPS) which, for all classes, has a compressive strength o10 > 150 kPa.

Preferably, thermal insulation is used whose minimum resistance required for crushing at 10 years is σ10 ≥ 50 kPa.

The anchor screws used here for fixing to the insulating material are specific and are similar to augers or "auger" and they therefore have a diameter of their thread or helix (these two terms being equivalent) very large compared to their diameter. shaft in order to have a large contact surface with the insulating material. In addition, the anchor screws are made of plastic.

Preferably, as in the example described more specifically, the slats are fixed via connecting pieces to the insulating material but also to the corrugated plates because the anchoring screws are screwed through the corrugated plates.

In the example of figures 10 to 15 , the building for which the roof is made, either as a first step, or for repair or change of roof, comprises a roofing support which consists of a masonry shell made of hollow bricks 1 forming a flat surface which is continuous outside the equipment crossing areas (chimney, ventilation, etc.). This roof support forms a slope and the roofing produced will also be sloped.

On this flat surface of insulation, figure 10 , glue 12 has been spread and insulation plates 2 have begun to be installed, which here are rigid plates of expanded polystyrene.

In general, insulation boards should be properly bonded/secured to the underlying structure by means suitable for the underlying structure and the boards. For example, one can use dowels for an underlying brick and cement structure, screws for an underlying wooden structure, adhesive as in the example (avoid sticking with foams because they do not do not comply with European standards) for cement surfaces, wood, tiles, etc.

The layer of insulating material consisting of insulating plates 2 glued to the structural work of hollow bricks 1 forms an upper surface which is also flat and continuous and, figure 11 , we begin to install on this surface corrugated plates 3 of the first type, bituminous in cellulose fibers, starting towards the bottom of the slope. These corrugated plates 3 comprise a repeating pattern consisting of a series of three corrugations separated from another series of three corrugations by an extended hollow 31 which is flat. Each corrugation has a peak 30 bordered by two depressions 31 and these depressions 31 within a series of three corrugations are narrow and rounded compared to the extended and flat depression 31 separating the series.

In order to guarantee a seal against liquid water which could accidentally be on the corrugated plates and as is conventionally done, the side edges of the corrugated plates overlap/overlap within a strip of corrugated plates just as for the overlay/the overlap of the end edges along the slope between corrugated plates of two successive strips along the slope, the end of the higher corrugated plate along the slope overlapping that of the lower of the two strips. That's what we see figure 12 for the ends of corrugated plates along the slope between two strips.

The corrugations are elongated/arranged in the direction of the slope in order to allow the flow of any water that may have found its way onto the corrugated plates.

Still figure 12 , we note the presence of anchoring screws 6 arranged along the superposition of the end edges of corrugated plates 3 and making it possible to fix each time two corrugated plates to the insulating plates 2. These anchoring screws 6 are screwed through the corrugated plates 3 at the tops 30 of the corrugations. It should be noted that for all types of corrugated sheets, the anchoring screws are preferably installed on the tops of the corrugations in order to guarantee optimum sealing against liquid water.

On the corrugated plates 3, slats 4 are then installed in parallel lines perpendicular to the slope and whose spacing is adapted to the dimensions of the covering elements which are here tiles 5 which will cover the whole. The slats 4 are therefore also perpendicular to the undulations. On the figure 13 , the slats 4 are fixed to the insulating plates 2 and to the corrugated plates 3 by anchoring screws 6 via connecting pieces 7.

Preferably, as shown, for a given slat, the anchor screw is installed lower in the direction of the slope relative to the slat. In an alternative embodiment, the anchoring screw is installed higher in the direction of the slope relative to the slat and a connecting piece is used which makes it possible to retain the slat by its lateral face on the side opposite the screw in order to prevent the slat from escaping and sliding down the slope.

The tiles 5 which will be laid have lugs on their underside and the slats 4 allow the tiles 5 to be retained along the slope by their lugs.

Note that a line of slats is implemented along the bottom of the slope in order to simply raise the tiles of the bottom row in relation to the corrugated sheets and to allow better ventilation between the corrugated sheets and the tiles and avoid that the bottom tile is applied directly to the corrugated plate at the bottom of the slope.

We see more precisely figure 14 that the connecting piece 7 encloses by its claw 73, 71, 74 partly the slat 4 passing through the top of the latter. The connecting piece 7 is placed on a crest 30 of corrugation so that the anchor screw 6 is screwed through the crest 30 of the corrugation and into the layer of insulating material 2 which is below the corrugated plates 3. The anchoring screws 6 used to fix the slats 4 via the connecting pieces therefore also serve to complete the fixing of the corrugated plates 3 to the insulating material. From this arrangement, it also follows that the slats 4, via the connecting pieces 7, are also fixed to the corrugated plates 3.

Thanks to its shape, the anchor 7' with legs and even 7 without legs, is relatively stable once placed on the lath and the top of the corrugation.

It can be noted on the figure 14 that the anchor screw for the connecting piece will here be screwed through a superposition of two side edges of two corrugated plates of a row. At other locations along the slat 4, it may be a single corrugated plate which is crossed by the screwing of the anchor screw 6.

It is noted in this example that the anchoring screws 6 are all screwed at the level of the vertices of the undulations of the corrugated plates and it is therefore possible to use anchoring screws of the same length without the need for anchoring screws of different lengths. If certain anchoring screws had been installed in corrugated hollows, then anchoring screws 6, 8 of different shaft lengths 61, 81 could have been provided for fixing in a hollow or flat (short anchoring screw) and for top fixing (long anchor screw).

An electric screwdriver 11 is implemented with a TORX ^® screwdriver bit because the head 60, 80 of the anchoring screw 6, 8 has a driving recess 64, 84 for screwing (or even unscrewing) TORX ^® .

In practice, it is preferred to install the anchor screws at the crests of the corrugations and if anchor screws of different shaft lengths and/or different thread pitches and/or different and therefore different thread diameters are provided types of anchor screws, this is essentially a function of the height of the corrugations and/or the thickness and the nature of the insulating material which are used. Anchor screws can therefore be chosen mainly according to the characteristics of the corrugated plates, the location of the screw (hollow/flat or top) and the insulating material.

Still in practice, an anchor screw is used, the length of which is adapted to the height of the corrugations and to the thickness of the insulating material so that the anchor screw enters the insulating material well but does not cross it completely and does not does not come out on the other side of the insulating material.

Still figure 14 , the measuring meter is intended to position the slat 4 correctly with respect to a previous slat along the slope or with respect to the lower edge of the slope, depending on the dimensions of the tiles. In particular, towards the lower edge of the slope, the bottom tiles must have their lower edges above the gutter 10 arranged at the edge of the roof.

The slats 4 being fixed, the tiles 5 can be installed on the slats starting with the bottom row as seen figure 15 .

It can be noted that anchor screws are used first, before the installation of the slats, to fix the corrugated sheets to the insulating material, and other anchor screws are used secondly to fix the slats , in particular via connecting pieces, to the corrugated plates and, preferably, also to the insulating material. This first use of the anchor screws can be carried out to ensure optimal fixing of the corrugated sheets or only to ensure a minimal fixing, less than the optimal fixing, during the realization of the roofing, the second use of the anchor screws allowing to achieve the optimum fixing of the corrugated sheets. The optimum fixing corresponds to a degree of fixing which allows the roof to resist tearing or destruction, in particular due to the wind, with regard more particularly to corrugated sheets. In any case, after the installation of the slats, the fastening of the corrugated sheets should preferably be optimal. It should be noted that the weight and type of roofing elements can also influence the degree of fixing since these elements apply a certain weight to the slats and corrugated sheets.

It is possible to use other types of tiles 5 and, in particular, channel tiles as shown figure 19 where a corrugated plate of the first type 3 is fixed to the insulator 2 by a short anchoring screw 6 in this example in which no connecting piece or slat is implemented.

In implementation variants, it is possible to use bituminous corrugated plates made of cellulose fibers having other corrugation patterns and for example with regular corrugations (not separated by flats) or not, in particular the one 3" from the figure 7 which we will present later in more detail.

The figures 1 to 4 represent a single connecting piece 7 (without side legs) intended to be installed to press the slat 4 against the corrugated plate 3, 3', 3" and making it possible to fix the slat 4 to the corrugated plate 3, 3', 3" and the insulating material 2. The connecting piece 7 is formed of several parts: a plate 70 and a retaining claw 71, 73, 74 of the slat. We will see in relation to the figures 16 to 18 that it is also possible to implement connecting pieces 7' further comprising two lateral tabs 72. The connecting piece 7, 7' is metallic.

The plate 70 which is flat and here square in shape is intended to be placed flat on a corrugation top 30 of the corrugated plate 3, 3', 3", the connecting piece 7, 7' being installed on a top A crossing hole 78 is made in the center of the plate 70 in order to allow the passage of an anchor screw shaft 6, 8 without the thread of the screw having to force or widen the passage orifice 78 when screwing in the anchor screw but, preferably, preventing the screw from being extracted through the passage orifice 78 by simple axial traction. In this example, the passage orifice 78 has a diameter equal to approximately 3/4 of the width of the thread 62, 82 of the anchor screw, this to allow a better mesh between the anchor screw and the plate 70. A greater coupling between the anchor screw and the plate 70 is thus implemented to take account of the mechanical properties of the insulation.

The retaining claw 73, 71, 74 of the slat is continuous with one side of the plate 70 which is in relation with the top 30 of the corrugation. The retaining claw 73, 71, 74 which is in several portions at least partially encloses the slat 4 and, in this example, encloses its upper face by a portion 71, one of the two side faces over its entire height by a portion 73 and the other side face over part of its height by a portion 74. Thus, in this example, the slat is directly applied against the top of the undulations by the retaining claw 73, 71, 74 of the connecting piece 7.

On the figures 5 to 7 several types of slats 4 have been shown, made of plastic, preferably perforated metal, wood and having different dimensions, the connecting piece 7, 7' used being adapted to the slat. In the case of metal slats 4, the metals of the slats 4 and of the connecting pieces 7, 7' are chosen for their compatibility and, in particular, to avoid oxidation-reduction reactions between them.

In the case of connecting pieces 7' with side tabs, the side tabs 72 are either vertical ( figure 16 and 17 ) or angled downwards and outwards ( figure 18 ), the lower ends of the lateral tabs 72 being rounded and being intended to bear against the upper face of the corrugated plate 3, 3', 3", on either side of a vertex, the connecting piece straddling the top 30 of the undulation.

The inclination of the lateral legs with respect to the plate 70 is adapted to the shape and dimensions of the undulations: on the figure 16 and 17 , the side tabs 72 of the connecting piece 7' are vertical and perpendicular to the plate 70, figure 18 the side tabs 72 of the connecting piece 7' gradually move apart from one another going downwards. In variants, the inclination of the side tabs 72 can be adjusted by forcing or twisting the metal of the connecting piece 7'.

In order to reinforce the rigidity of the connecting piece 7 in at least one given direction, provision has been made, as shown in the figures 1 to 4 ribs 77 obtained in particular by stamping. These ribs can also be made on the connecting pieces 7' with side tabs 72.

The connecting piece 7, 7' is made of metal, for example stainless steel, galvanized steel, and is obtained by cutting a blank from a metal plate and this blank is then bent to form the different parts: plate 70 , claw 73, 71, 74 for retaining the slat and any lugs 72. The metal thickness is between 1 mm and 1.5 mm and is preferably 1.2 mm. Since the slats 4 generally have standardized dimensions, it is possible to provide for the production of two models of connecting pieces allowing adaptation to most of the dimensions encountered for slats and which are 3x3 cm, 3x2 cm and 3x4 cm.

It is optionally provided to positively fix the slats to the connecting pieces by nails or screws and in this example a hole 79 has been provided through the portion 71 of the claw of the connecting piece 7 on the figure 1 to 4 . In a variant the hole 79 is omitted. The hole 79 can also be made on the connecting pieces 7' with side tabs 72. In a variant replacing the hole 79, for wooden slats, or even plastic, part of the portion 71 of the claw and it is bent downwards and it serves as a point for nailing the claw to the slat: the installer places the claw on the slat and strikes the claw with a mallet so that the point of the V sinks into the latte. We can plan other forms of notches with points bent downwards for "nailing" of the connecting piece to the slat.

On the figures 5 to 7 and 17, 18 we can see we can see different types of corrugated plates. The corrugated plates differ in particular by the presence or not of flats and the number of undulations/waves between two flats.

On the figures 5 to 7 this is the single connecting piece 7 (without leg) of the figures 1 to 4 which is implemented. On the figures 17 and 18 this is the connecting piece 7' with lateral tabs 72 of the figure 16 which is implemented, which allows a straddling arrangement of the connecting piece 7 'on two types of corrugated plates 3, 3'. It can be noted that figure 17 the side legs 72 are vertical for a corrugated plate of the first type 3 and that figure 18 the side legs 72 are inclined for a corrugated plate of the second type 3'.

The corrugated plate 3 of the first type of the figure 6 or the figure 17 comprises series of three undulations and a flat hollow, each undulation being of a width allowing the use of a connecting piece 7′ with vertical tabs 72 in the event that they are implemented.

The 3' corrugated plate of the second type of the figure 5 or the figure 18 has series of two undulations separated by a flat hollow. Each corrugation of the corrugated plate 3' being wider than that of the corrugated plate of the first type 3, a connecting piece 7' with lateral tabs 72 inclined with respect to the vertical is then used if connecting pieces 7' with tab sides are used. Finally, the 3" corrugated plate of the third type of the figure 7 has regular waves and does not have a flat.

Anchor screws of different lengths are shown figures 8 and 9 . On the figure 9 , is shown a short anchor screw 6 with shaft 61 shorter than the long anchor screw 8, figure 8 , with barrel 81 longer. The anchor screws 6, 8 have heads 60, 80 at an upper end and spikes 63, 83 at a lower end. The points 63, 83 of the lower ends of the anchor screws are pointed and of the self-piercing type like a nail. A helical thread 62, 82 is arranged along the shaft 61, 81.

Two lengths of anchor screws can be used for a given realization if it is planned to fix the corrugated plates to the insulating material by screwing short anchor screws at the level of the hollows, possibly flats, corrugations and by screwing in screws d long anchorage at the tops of undulations for fixing the slats and/or simply fixing the corrugated sheets to the insulating material.

It is also possible to choose to use anchor screws of the same length for the fixings in the depressions/flats and for the fixings at the tops of the corrugations. If all anchor screw fixings are made, as is preferred, on the tops of the corrugations, the length of the anchor screw with a long or short shaft is chosen according to the height of the corrugations and the thickness of the insulating material, all the anchoring screws then being of the same length.

Thus, depending on the methods of implementation, anchoring screws of different lengths can be provided. For example, two lengths of anchor screws are provided with short anchor screws and long anchor screws. In practice, the length of the anchor screw is chosen according to the dimensional characteristics of the corrugated sheets, the place where the anchor screw is installed (on a peak or in a hollow or flat) and the thickness of the insulation boards. Alternatively, provision may be made for the anchoring screws intended to fix the slats not to fit into the insulating material, the slat being only fixed to the corrugated plate by the anchoring screw. However, it is preferable that the anchoring screws of the slats also enter the insulating material because this ensures an additional fixing of the corrugated plate to the insulating material.

The structural and dimensional characteristics of the anchor screws 6, 8 represented on the figures 8 and 9 are the following:
Head 60, 80 circular: width or diameter = 30 mm, thickness towards the edge = 2.5 mm, thickness towards the center = 3.5 mm, central insert or recess 64, 84 which can be hexagonal type or torx ^® type and then preferably T40.

The barrel 61, 81 under the head comprises three parts: a tapered upper part of height = 15 mm with upper base of width or diameter = 12 mm and lower base of width or diameter = 6 mm, a central part of the barrel which is cylindrical of width or diameter = 6 mm, and a lower part of the shaft forming a point 63, 83 of the self-piercing type with a pointed end and able to pierce the corrugated plate.

The net 82: pitch = 16 mm, width in relation to the barrel = 8 mm, overall width or diameter = 22 mm (therefore barrel included).

The lengths (or heights depending on the point of view) of the two anchor screws 6, 8 are on the other hand different, the shorter 6 measures 95 mm in length/height with 5 turns for the net and the longest 8 is 125 mm in length/height with 7 turns for the net.

For example, with an insulating panel 80 mm thick, a 95 mm long/height screw can be used and with an insulating panel thicker than 120 mm, a 125 mm long/height screw can be used.

It is understood that these dimensions are given by way of examples and that they can be adapted according to the applications and in particular according to the insulation and the corrugated plates used.

Thanks to the possibility of using a tool for screwing the anchor screws, the installation is simplified and accelerated. Moreover, it is not necessary to perforate the corrugated plate before the installation of the anchoring screw because the latter, thanks to its tip 63, 83 of the self-piercing type, can cross the top of the corrugation. Anchor screws are produced by industrial hot stamping or casting, and they can be made of nylon or polypropylene polymer or their derivatives. In the examples shown, a connecting piece 7, 7' is implemented to fix the slats to the corrugated plates and to the insulating material, the anchoring screws being arranged laterally to the slats. In variants, it is possible to provide a fixing of slats 4 without connecting piece: the anchoring screws can pass through the slats and/or if the anchoring screw is arranged lateral to the slat, the head 60, 80 of the screw anchor which is relatively wide can be applied by a part of its lower face on the upper face of the slat to press it against the top of the corrugated plate. In one embodiment of the last variant, a large diameter washer can be provided at the underhead of the anchoring screw which bears against the upper face of the slat. This washer can be replaced by a flat pierced plate resting on the upper face of the slat.

It is understood that it is possible to implement corrugated plates of other shapes and, for example, with regular periodic undulations, that is to say without flat hollow like that 3 "of the figure 7 .

It is also possible to use plates comprising recesses at the tops of the corrugations, the recesses being aligned perpendicular to the corrugations and being intended to receive the slat 4 which is thus retained in the recesses. This other type of corrugated plate has been the subject of a patent FR2755712 B1 but the recesses are used here to receive the slats and the corrugations can be arranged differently from those of the patent, in particular as described 3, 3', 3" in the present application. In such a configuration, the slats and recesses can be dimensioned so that the upper surface of the slat installed in the recess is substantially level with the top of the corrugation and the retaining claw of the connecting piece can then be adapted to be a simple finger in the same plane as the plate 70, the finger resting on the upper face of the slat 4 which is in the recess, the latter 4 being then enclosed, downwards and on the upstream and downstream sides (in the direction of the slope, the upstream being towards the high side of the slope), by the recess and, upwards, by the finger constituting the claw of the connecting piece.

Claims (10)

1. A method for making a roof covering for a building, wherein the building includes a roof support (1), in which method

   - a layer of determined thickness of an insulating material (2) is fastened to the roof support (1) in such a way as to form an upper face of insulating material (2), characterized in that the insulating material has a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 50 kPa,

   - the upper face of the insulating material (2) is covered with bituminous corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") made of cellulose fibres arranged with their respective adjacent edges overlapping, the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") having corrugation crests (30) separated by corrugation troughs (31),

   - the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") are fastened to the insulating material (2) by anchoring screws (6, 8), the anchoring screws (6, 8) being positioned in such a way as to pass through the crests (30) of the corrugations, the anchoring screws (6, 8) having a shaft (61, 81) with a helical thread (62, 82), the shaft (61, 81) being topped with a head (60, 80) whose diameter is greater than that of the barrel without thread, and

   - covering elements (5) are installed on the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") in order to form an outer face of the covering.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the covering elements (5) are installed on the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") by means of battens (4), said method then consisting in that:

   - the layer of determined thickness of the insulating material (2) having a compressive strength σ10 ≥ 50 kPa is fastened on the roof support (1), in such a way as to form the upper face of insulating material (2),

   - the upper face of the insulating material (2) is covered with the bituminous corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") made of cellulose fibres arranged with their respective adjacent edges overlapping, the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") having corrugation crests (30) separated by corrugation troughs (31),

   - the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") are fastened to the insulating material (2) by anchoring screws (6, 8), the anchoring screws (6, 8) being positioned in such a way as to pass through the crests (30) of the corrugations, the anchoring screws (6, 8) having a shaft (61, 81) with a helical thread (62, 82), the shaft (61, 81) being topped with a head (60, 80) whose diameter is greater than that of the barrel without thread,

   - the battens (4) are installed on the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3"), the batten (4) being arranged along lines that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the corrugations in such a way that each batten (4) rests on the crests (30) of the corrugations,

   - the battens (4) are fastened at least to the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") by the anchoring screws (6, 8), said anchoring screws (6, 8) being positioned in such a way as to pass through the crests (30) of the corrugations,

   - the covering elements (5) are installed on the battens (4) in order to form the outer face of the covering.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the battens (4) are fastened at least to the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") by means of connecting parts (7, 7') arranged on the crests (30) of the corrugations, the connecting part (7, 7') including a batten retaining claw (73, 71, 74) and a board (70), the board (70) being placed flat on the corrugation crest (30), the batten retaining claw (73, 71, 74) being connected to an end of the board (70) located on the side of the corrugation crest, the batten retaining claw (73, 71, 74) acting to retain the batten (4) against the corrugation crest (30), the board (70) including a hole (78) for the passage of the anchoring screw (6, 8), the shaft (61, 81) and the thread (62, 82) of the anchoring screw (6, 8) passing through the board (70) and the corrugation crest (30) of the corrugated plate (3, 3', 3"), the head (60, 80) of the anchoring screw (6, 8) being applied against the upper face of the board (70).
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting part (7') further includes two lateral tabs (72), and in that the two lateral tabs (72) are directed downward on either side of the corrugation crest (30) and rest at their lower ends on the corrugated plate (3, 3', 3") on either side of said crest (30), the connecting part (7') straddling the corrugation crest (30).
5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the anchoring screw (6, 8) further allow the fastening of the battens (4) to the insulating material (2).
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the anchoring screw (6, 8) are made of plastic material and in that the head (60, 80) of the anchoring screw (6, 8) is circular with a diameter of 30 mm and includes a central driving recess (64, 84), the shaft (61, 81) of the anchoring screw having a tapered upper portion, a cylindrical central portion of 6 mm diameter and a lower portion of self-drilling type with a pointed end (63, 83), and the thread (82) of the anchoring screw having a pitch of 16 mm and an overall diameter of 22 mm.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the anchoring screw (6, 8) are of two types, short anchoring screw (6) of 95 mm and long anchoring screw (8) of 125 mm.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the roof is sloped and the covering elements (5) are tiles, and in that, in the case where tiles with retaining lugs on their lower face are implemented, the battens (4) are installed on the corrugated plates (3, 3', 3") in such a way that the tiles are retained on the battens (4) by their lugs.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the roof support (1) has a substantially continuous structural work upper surface closing the building at the top and the insulating material (2) is fastened to the structural work surface by gluing(12).
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that anchoring screws are implemented, which have a hollow shaft allowing the injection of a gluing product into the insulating material in such a way as to glue the anchoring screw to the insulating material once the anchoring screw screwed into the insulating material.

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