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EP3838706B1 - Railway vehicle bogie - Google Patents

Railway vehicle bogie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3838706B1
EP3838706B1 EP20214408.5A EP20214408A EP3838706B1 EP 3838706 B1 EP3838706 B1 EP 3838706B1 EP 20214408 A EP20214408 A EP 20214408A EP 3838706 B1 EP3838706 B1 EP 3838706B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
bogie
detection part
wear detection
pivot link
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20214408.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3838706A1 (en
Inventor
Luis Camilo SUZZARINI RUIZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication of EP3838706A1 publication Critical patent/EP3838706A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/22—Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies
    • B61F5/24—Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/22—Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims

Definitions

  • a railway vehicle typically comprises at least one car mounted on a bogie, the bogie possibly being arranged entirely under the car or between two adjacent cars, and in some cases at least one passenger transport car.
  • Passenger transport cars typically include at least one room equipped with seats for accommodating passengers, and a platform separate from the room leading to a door for getting in and out of the car from or to a platform.
  • An increase in the load of the railway vehicle that is to say the mass carried by the vehicle, as well as the wear of the wheels modify the height of the floor of the cars, and thus the vertical distance according to a direction of elevation between the floor of the car and a dock.
  • US 5,947,031 describes a bogie of the aforementioned type, comprising a leveling valve on each longitudinal side of the bogie, connected to the secondary suspensions by means of rods fixed to the axle boxes.
  • the rods make it possible to inflate or deflate the suspensions according to the load applied to the bogie.
  • the bogie described in US 5,947,031 does not make it possible to compensate for the variations in height of the cars due to the wear of the wheels.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to remedy these deficiencies by proposing a bogie improving the comfort of the passengers when getting on and off the cars, taking account of the variations in load and the wear of the wheels.
  • the invention relates to a bogie according to claim 1.
  • the invention makes it possible, thanks to the wear detection part, to the mechanical connecting part and to their arrangement with the wheels and the leveling valve, to reduce the distance in the direction of elevation between the floor of the car and the platform reliably, taking into account the wear of at least one wheel, while allowing the regulation of this distance according to the load of the car, thus improving passenger comfort.
  • the invention also relates to a railway vehicle coach comprising at least one bogie according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a side schematic representation of a bogie according to the invention.
  • top In the remainder of the description, the terms “top”, “bottom” are understood to be along a conventional direction of elevation Z of a railway vehicle. On horizontal ground, the direction of elevation Z is thus substantially vertical.
  • the bogie 10 includes two pairs of wheels 12.
  • axle structure 14 comprising, for each wheel 12 of the corresponding pair, an axle box 16.
  • the bogie 10 comprises a frame 18.
  • the frame is for example an articulated frame 18.
  • Primary suspension means 20 include, for example, coil springs or air springs.
  • the primary suspension means 20 typically comprise one or two springs per wheel 12.
  • the primary suspension means 20 comprise one helical spring per wheel 12.
  • the helical spring extends in the direction of elevation Z.
  • the primary suspension means 20 attenuate the oscillations in the direction of elevation Z of the frame 18 of the bogie 10 relative to the wheels 12.
  • the bogie 10 comprises secondary suspension means 22 carried by the frame 18.
  • the secondary suspension means 22 comprise, for example, coil springs or pneumatic springs.
  • the secondary suspension means 22 extend between the bogie 10 and a car body 23 of the railway vehicle (shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1 ).
  • the bogie 10 has two longitudinal sides 24 extending in a longitudinal direction L.
  • Each longitudinal side 24 includes one wheel 12 of each pair.
  • the secondary suspension means 22 typically comprise one or two springs per longitudinal side 24.
  • the secondary suspension means 22 comprise one pneumatic spring per longitudinal side 24, substantially halfway between the axes X of rotation of the wheels 12 located on this longitudinal side 24.
  • the air spring extends in the elevation direction Z.
  • the secondary suspension means 22 attenuate the oscillations, relative to the bogie 10, of the body 23 of the car in the elevation direction Z.
  • the secondary suspension means 22 comprise at least one leveling valve 26 on each longitudinal side 24 of the bogie 10.
  • the leveling valve 26 on a longitudinal side 24 is connected on the one hand to a pressurized fluid reservoir (not shown) and on the other hand to the secondary suspension means 22 of the same longitudinal side 24.
  • the pressurized fluid is for example air.
  • Leveling valve 26 includes a lever 28.
  • Lever 28 is movable between a first extreme position and a second extreme position. The displacement of the lever 28 towards the first extreme position causes the inflation of the secondary suspension means 22 located on the longitudinal side 24 of the leveling valve 26.
  • the inflation of the secondary suspension means 22 causes an upward movement in the direction of elevation Z of the floor of a car resting on the bogie 10.
  • the deflation of the secondary suspension means 22 causes a downward movement in the elevation direction Z of the floor of a car resting on the bogie 10.
  • the leveling valves 26 are two in number and are symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the frame 18 parallel to the longitudinal sides 24 and at mid-distance therefrom.
  • the bogie 10 comprises, for each wheel 12, a wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 articulated around a first pivot connection 32 with the wheel 12 and a mechanical connection part 34 between the leveling valve 26 and the wear detection part 30 of wheel 12.
  • the first pivot connection 32 between the wear detection part 30 and the wheel 12 is formed by a wheel with a diameter of between 2% and 20% of the diameter of the wheel 12 on which it rests.
  • the first pivot link 32 is placed above the wheel 12 in the elevation direction Z and in contact with the latter.
  • the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 is articulated to the frame 18 by a sliding connection 36.
  • a sliding connection 36 allows a movement of the wear detection part 30 and advantageously of the first pivot connection 32 in translation along the elevation direction Z, but does not allow movement of the wear detection part 30 and advantageously of the first pivot link 32 along the longitudinal direction L.
  • the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 is preferably devoid of electronic elements.
  • the mechanical connecting piece 34 is articulated on the one hand around a second pivot connection 38 with the leveling valve 26, and on the other hand around a third movable pivot connection 40 and a fourth rigid pivot connection 42 with the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12.
  • the mechanical connecting piece 34 substantially forms a "Z" whose end branches lead on the one hand to the second pivot connection 38 with the leveling valve 26, and on the other hand to the third movable pivot connection 40 with the wear detection part 30.
  • the mechanical link part 34 is rotatable around the rigid pivot link 42 and around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal L and elevation Z directions.
  • the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 comprises a coil spring 44 between the first pivot link 32 or the wear detection part 30 and the fourth pivot link 42 rigid.
  • Coil spring 44 extends in elevation direction Z.
  • the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 is movable only in translation in the elevation direction Z by moving the sliding link 36, and the fourth rigid pivot link 42 remains at a constant distance D from the axis X of rotation of the wheel 12 above which it is located.
  • the wear detection parts 30 and the mechanical connection parts 34 on the same longitudinal side 24 are symmetrical with respect to a central vertical axis of the frame 18 perpendicular to the longitudinal sides 24 and halfway between the axes X rotation of the wheels 12 of the corresponding longitudinal side 24.
  • Each leveling valve 26 is articulated around a fifth pivot connection 46 to an arm 48 extending between two longitudinal ends 50, 52.
  • the fifth pivot connection 46 between the leveling valve 26 and the arm 48 is disposed substantially at an equal distance from each second pivot connection 38 articulating the arm 48 to each mechanical connection part 34 of the same longitudinal side 24 of the bogie 10.
  • This arrangement of the fifth pivot link 46 makes it possible to compensate for the average wear of the wheels 12 on a longitudinal side 24.
  • the arm 48 is articulated at each of its longitudinal ends 50, 52 around the second pivot connection 38 to the mechanical connection part 34 of the corresponding wheel 12.
  • Arm 48 is preferably telescopic. This allows a slight longitudinal relative movement between the axle boxes 16 which can occur during rolling.
  • a regulation distance a is defined between the second pivot link 38 and the axis X of rotation of the corresponding wheel 12 taken in the elevation direction Z.
  • the regulation distance a varies according to the diameter of the wheel 12, and by consequently depending on the wear of the wheel 12.
  • the first pivot link 32 moves in the elevation direction Z downwards.
  • the wear detection part 30 of the corresponding wheel 12 is driven in translation in the direction of elevation Z downwards by moving the sliding link 36, and by lengthening the helical spring 44 so that the fourth pivot link 42 rigid remains at a constant distance D from the axis X of rotation of the wheel 12 above which it is located.
  • the movement of the first pivot link 32 downwards in the direction of elevation Z causes the movement of the mechanical link part 34 in rotation around the fourth pivot link 42 which is rigid.
  • the control distance a is increased. Moving the corresponding second pivot link 38 upwards causes the arm 48 to tilt.
  • the inclination of the arm 48 in turn causes the movement of the fifth pivot link 46 in the elevation direction Z upwards, which causes the movement of the lever 28 of the leveling valve 26 upwards.
  • the floor of the car resting on the bogie 10 will then be raised to compensate for the loss of height due to wheel wear, thus allowing easy boarding and alighting of passengers, in particular persons with reduced mobility on board the car. .
  • the car load variations are also compensated by the leveling valve 26 which, preferably via the movement of the lever 28 controls an increase in the pressure prevailing in the suspension means 22 by injecting the pressurized fluid towards the suspension means 22 when the load increases, or a decrease in the pressure in the suspension means 22 by sucking the pressurized fluid from the suspension means 22 when the load decreases.
  • the bogie 10 according to the invention also makes it possible to reduce the maintenance costs due to the wear of the wheels 12 and does not require wedging.
  • the wheel wear detection part 12, the mechanical connecting part 34 and the arm 48 are entirely mechanical, the regulation of the secondary suspension height does not require electronic elements and therefore no power supply. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un bogie de véhicule ferroviaire, comprenant :

  1. a) deux paires de roues, les roues de chaque paire étant reliées l'une à l'autre par une structure d'essieu,
  2. b) un châssis articulé, chaque structure d'essieu étant reliée au châssis par l'intermédiaire de moyens de suspension primaire, et
  3. c) des moyens de suspension secondaire portés par le châssis, les moyens de suspension secondaire comprenant au moins une vanne de nivellement.
The present invention relates to a railway vehicle bogie, comprising:
  1. a) two pairs of wheels, the wheels of each pair being connected to each other by an axle structure,
  2. b) an articulated frame, each axle structure being connected to the frame via primary suspension means, and
  3. c) secondary suspension means carried by the chassis, the secondary suspension means comprising at least one leveling valve.

Un véhicule ferroviaire comprend typiquement au moins une voiture montée sur un bogie, le bogie pouvant être disposé entièrement sous la voiture ou entre deux voitures adjacentes, et dans certains cas au moins une voiture de transport de passagers. Les voitures de transport de passagers comprennent typiquement au moins une salle équipée de sièges pour accueillir les passagers, et une plateforme séparée de la salle donnant sur une porte pour monter et descendre de la voiture depuis ou vers un quai.A railway vehicle typically comprises at least one car mounted on a bogie, the bogie possibly being arranged entirely under the car or between two adjacent cars, and in some cases at least one passenger transport car. Passenger transport cars typically include at least one room equipped with seats for accommodating passengers, and a platform separate from the room leading to a door for getting in and out of the car from or to a platform.

Une augmentation de la charge du véhicule ferroviaire, c'est-à-dire de la masse portée par le véhicule, ainsi que l'usure des roues modifient la hauteur du plancher des voitures, et ainsi la distance verticale selon une direction d'élévation entre le plancher de la voiture et un quai.An increase in the load of the railway vehicle, that is to say the mass carried by the vehicle, as well as the wear of the wheels modify the height of the floor of the cars, and thus the vertical distance according to a direction of elevation between the floor of the car and a dock.

De telles variations engendrent des désagréments, par exemple lorsque le véhicule prend en charge des personnes à mobilité réduite. En effet, une distance verticale trop importante entre le plancher de la plateforme et le quai complique leur accès à la voiture.Such variations cause inconvenience, for example when the vehicle supports people with reduced mobility. Indeed, too great a vertical distance between the floor of the platform and the platform complicates their access to the car.

US 5,947,031 décrit un bogie du type précité, comprenant une vanne de nivellement de chaque côté longitudinal du bogie, reliée aux suspensions secondaires au moyen de tringles fixées sur les boîtes d'essieu. Les tringles permettent de gonfler ou dégonfler les suspensions en fonction de la charge appliquée sur le bogie. Cependant, le bogie décrit dans US 5,947,031 ne permet pas de compenser les variations de hauteur des voitures dues à l'usure des roues. US 5,947,031 describes a bogie of the aforementioned type, comprising a leveling valve on each longitudinal side of the bogie, connected to the secondary suspensions by means of rods fixed to the axle boxes. The rods make it possible to inflate or deflate the suspensions according to the load applied to the bogie. However, the bogie described in US 5,947,031 does not make it possible to compensate for the variations in height of the cars due to the wear of the wheels.

L'un des buts de l'invention est de pallier ces déficiences en proposant un bogie améliorant le confort des passagers pour monter et descendre des voitures tenant compte des variations de charge et de l'usure des roues.One of the aims of the invention is to remedy these deficiencies by proposing a bogie improving the comfort of the passengers when getting on and off the cars, taking account of the variations in load and the wear of the wheels.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un bogie selon la revendication 1. L'invention permet, grâce à la pièce de détection d'usure, à la pièce de liaison mécanique et à leur arrangement avec les roues et la vanne de nivellement, de réduire la distance selon la direction d'élévation entre le plancher de la voiture et le quai de manière fiable en tenant compte de l'usure d'au moins une roue, tout en permettant la régulation de cette distance selon la charge de la voiture améliorant ainsi le confort des passagers.To this end, the invention relates to a bogie according to claim 1. The invention makes it possible, thanks to the wear detection part, to the mechanical connecting part and to their arrangement with the wheels and the leveling valve, to reduce the distance in the direction of elevation between the floor of the car and the platform reliably, taking into account the wear of at least one wheel, while allowing the regulation of this distance according to the load of the car, thus improving passenger comfort.

Selon des modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention, le bogie présente également l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prise(s) isolément ou suivant toute(s) combinaison(s) possible(s) :

  • le bogie présente deux côtés longitudinaux, chaque côté longitudinal comprenant une roue de chaque paire, les moyens de suspension secondaire comprenant au moins une vanne de nivellement de chaque côté longitudinal du bogie, le bogie comprenant pour chaque roue, une pièce de détection d'usure et une pièce de liaison mécanique entre la vanne de nivellement et la pièce de détection d'usure de la roue, la pièce de liaison mécanique étant propre à transmettre à la vanne de nivellement un déplacement de la pièce de détection d'usure pour commander l'augmentation ou la diminution de la pression régnant dans les moyens de suspension secondaire ;
  • chaque roue est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe, et dans lequel la pièce de détection d'usure de la roue détecte une usure de la roue par la diminution du diamètre de la roue entraînant le déplacement de la première liaison pivot de la pièce de détection d'usure de la roue vers l'axe de rotation de la roue ;
  • la vanne de nivellement est articulée autour d'une cinquième liaison pivot à un bras s'étendant entre deux extrémités longitudinales, le bras étant articulé à chacune de ses extrémités longitudinales autour de la deuxième liaison pivot à la pièce de liaison mécanique de la roue correspondante ;
  • une distance entre la quatrième liaison pivot rigide, et un axe de rotation de la roue prise selon une direction d'élévation est sensiblement constante quelle que soit l'usure de la roue ;
    • une distance de régulation entre la deuxième liaison pivot et un axe de rotation de la roue prise selon la direction d'élévation varie selon l'usure de la roue ;
  • la pièce de détection d'usure de la roue est articulée au châssis par une liaison glissière et comprend un système de ressort entre la première liaison pivot et la quatrième liaison pivot rigide, de façon à ce que la pièce de détection d'usure de la roue soit mobile uniquement en translation dans une direction d'élévation, et à ce que la pièce de liaison mécanique soit mobile en rotation autour de la quatrième liaison pivot rigide ;
  • la vanne de nivellement est configurée pour compenser les variations de charge d'une voiture du véhicule ferroviaire associée au bogie, en commandant une augmentation de la pression régnant dans les moyens de suspension secondaire lorsque la charge augmente, ou une diminution de la pression régnant dans les moyens de suspension secondaire lorsque la charge diminue.
According to particular embodiments of the invention, the bogie also has one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any possible combination(s):
  • the bogie has two longitudinal sides, each longitudinal side comprising one wheel of each pair, the secondary suspension means comprising at least one leveling valve on each longitudinal side of the bogie, the bogie comprising, for each wheel, a wear detection part and a mechanical connection part between the leveling valve and the wear detection part of the wheel, the mechanical connection part being able to transmit to the leveling valve a movement of the wear detection part to control the the increase or decrease in the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means;
  • each wheel is rotatable around an axis, and in which the wear detection part of the wheel detects wear of the wheel by the reduction in the diameter of the wheel causing the movement of the first pivot link of the part wear detection of the wheel towards the axis of rotation of the wheel;
  • the leveling valve is articulated around a fifth pivot connection to an arm extending between two longitudinal ends, the arm being articulated at each of its longitudinal ends around the second pivot connection to the mechanical connection part of the corresponding wheel ;
  • a distance between the fourth rigid pivot connection, and an axis of rotation of the wheel taken in a direction of elevation is substantially constant regardless of the wear of the wheel;
    • a regulation distance between the second pivot link and an axis of rotation of the wheel taken in the direction of elevation varies according to the wear of the wheel;
  • the wear detection part of the wheel is articulated to the frame by a sliding connection and comprises a spring system between the first pivot connection and the fourth rigid pivot connection, so that the wear detection part of the wheel is movable only in translation in an elevation direction, and that the mechanical connecting part is movable in rotation around the fourth rigid pivot connection;
  • the leveling valve is configured to compensate for variations in the load of a car of the railway vehicle associated with the bogie, by controlling an increase in the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means when the load increases, or a decrease in the pressure prevailing in the means of secondary suspension when the load decreases.

L'invention concerne également une voiture de véhicule ferroviaire comprenant au moins un bogie selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a railway vehicle coach comprising at least one bogie according to the invention.

D'autres aspects et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit, donnée à titre d'exemple et faite en référence à la figure unique annexée, dans laquelle :
la Fig. 1 est une représentation schématique de côté d'un bogie selon l'invention.Other aspects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given by way of example and made with reference to the single appended FIGURE, in which:
the Fig. 1 is a side schematic representation of a bogie according to the invention.

Dans la suite de la description, les termes « haut », « bas » s'entendent suivant une direction d'élévation Z classique d'un véhicule ferroviaire. Sur un sol horizontal, la direction d'élévation Z est ainsi sensiblement verticale.In the remainder of the description, the terms “top”, “bottom” are understood to be along a conventional direction of elevation Z of a railway vehicle. On horizontal ground, the direction of elevation Z is thus substantially vertical.

En référence à la Fig. 1, on décrit un bogie 10 de véhicule ferroviaire.With reference to the Fig. 1 , a railway vehicle bogie 10 is described.

Le bogie 10 comprend deux paires de roues 12.The bogie 10 includes two pairs of wheels 12.

Les roues 12 de chaque paire sont reliées l'une à l'autre par une structure d'essieu 14, cette structure d'essieu 14 comportant, pour chaque roue 12 de la paire correspondante, une boîte d'essieu 16.The wheels 12 of each pair are connected to one another by an axle structure 14, this axle structure 14 comprising, for each wheel 12 of the corresponding pair, an axle box 16.

Le bogie 10 comprend un châssis 18. Le châssis est par exemple un châssis articulé 18.The bogie 10 comprises a frame 18. The frame is for example an articulated frame 18.

Chaque structure d'essieu 14 est reliée au châssis 18 par l'intermédiaire de moyens de suspension primaires 20. Les moyens de suspension primaire 20 comprennent, par exemple, des ressorts hélicoïdaux ou des ressorts pneumatiques.Each axle structure 14 is connected to frame 18 through primary suspension means 20. Primary suspension means 20 include, for example, coil springs or air springs.

Les moyens de suspension primaire 20 comprennent typiquement un ou deux ressorts par roue 12. Dans l'exemple représenté, les moyens de suspension primaire 20 comprennent un ressort hélicoïdal par roue 12. Le ressort hélicoïdal s'étend suivant la direction d'élévation Z.The primary suspension means 20 typically comprise one or two springs per wheel 12. In the example shown, the primary suspension means 20 comprise one helical spring per wheel 12. The helical spring extends in the direction of elevation Z.

Les moyens de suspension primaire 20 atténuent les oscillations selon la direction d'élévation Z du châssis 18 de bogie 10 par rapport aux roues 12.The primary suspension means 20 attenuate the oscillations in the direction of elevation Z of the frame 18 of the bogie 10 relative to the wheels 12.

Le bogie 10 comprend des moyens de suspension secondaire 22 portés par le châssis 18. Les moyens de suspension secondaire 22 comprennent, par exemple, des ressorts hélicoïdaux ou des ressorts pneumatiques. Les moyens de suspension secondaire 22 s'étendent entre le bogie 10 et une caisse 23 de voiture du véhicule ferroviaire (représentée en pointillés sur la Figure 1).The bogie 10 comprises secondary suspension means 22 carried by the frame 18. The secondary suspension means 22 comprise, for example, coil springs or pneumatic springs. The secondary suspension means 22 extend between the bogie 10 and a car body 23 of the railway vehicle (shown in dotted lines on the Figure 1 ).

Le bogie 10 présente deux côtés longitudinaux 24 s'étendant suivant une direction longitudinale L.The bogie 10 has two longitudinal sides 24 extending in a longitudinal direction L.

Chaque côté longitudinal 24 comprend une roue 12 de chaque paire.Each longitudinal side 24 includes one wheel 12 of each pair.

Les moyens de suspension secondaires 22 comprennent typiquement un ou deux ressorts par côté longitudinal 24.The secondary suspension means 22 typically comprise one or two springs per longitudinal side 24.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les moyens de suspension secondaires 22 comprennent un ressort pneumatique par côté longitudinal 24, sensiblement à mi-distance des axes X de rotation des roues 12 situées de ce côté longitudinal 24.In the example shown, the secondary suspension means 22 comprise one pneumatic spring per longitudinal side 24, substantially halfway between the axes X of rotation of the wheels 12 located on this longitudinal side 24.

Le ressort pneumatique s'étend suivant la direction d'élévation Z.The air spring extends in the elevation direction Z.

Les moyens de suspension secondaire 22 atténuent les oscillations, par rapport au bogie 10, de la caisse 23 de voiture selon la direction d'élévation Z .The secondary suspension means 22 attenuate the oscillations, relative to the bogie 10, of the body 23 of the car in the elevation direction Z.

Les moyens de suspension secondaire 22 comprennent au moins une vanne de nivellement 26 de chaque côté longitudinal 24 du bogie 10.The secondary suspension means 22 comprise at least one leveling valve 26 on each longitudinal side 24 of the bogie 10.

La vanne de nivellement 26 d'un côté longitudinal 24 est reliée d'une part à un réservoir de fluide sous pression (non représenté) et d'autre part aux moyens de suspension secondaire 22 du même côté longitudinal 24.The leveling valve 26 on a longitudinal side 24 is connected on the one hand to a pressurized fluid reservoir (not shown) and on the other hand to the secondary suspension means 22 of the same longitudinal side 24.

Le fluide sous pression est par exemple de l'air.The pressurized fluid is for example air.

La vanne de nivellement 26 comprend un levier 28. Le levier 28 est mobile entre une première position extrême et une deuxième position extrême. Le déplacement du levier 28 vers la première position extrême entraîne le gonflement des moyens de suspension secondaire 22 situés du côté longitudinal 24 de la vanne de nivellement 26.Leveling valve 26 includes a lever 28. Lever 28 is movable between a first extreme position and a second extreme position. The displacement of the lever 28 towards the first extreme position causes the inflation of the secondary suspension means 22 located on the longitudinal side 24 of the leveling valve 26.

Le gonflement des moyens de suspension secondaire 22 entraîne un déplacement vers le haut selon la direction d'élévation Z du plancher d'une voiture reposant sur le bogie 10.The inflation of the secondary suspension means 22 causes an upward movement in the direction of elevation Z of the floor of a car resting on the bogie 10.

Le déplacement du levier 28 vers la deuxième position extrême entraîne le dégonflement des moyens de suspension secondaire 22 située du côté longitudinal 24 de la vanne de nivellement 26.The movement of the lever 28 towards the second extreme position causes the deflation of the secondary suspension means 22 located on the longitudinal side 24 of the leveling valve 26.

Le dégonflement des moyens de suspension secondaire 22 entraîne un déplacement vers le bas selon la direction d'élévation Z du plancher d'une voiture reposant sur le bogie 10.The deflation of the secondary suspension means 22 causes a downward movement in the elevation direction Z of the floor of a car resting on the bogie 10.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les vannes de nivellement 26 sont au nombre de deux et sont symétriques par rapport à un axe longitudinal central du châssis 18 parallèle aux côtés longitudinaux 24 et à mi-distance de ceux-ci.In the example shown, the leveling valves 26 are two in number and are symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the frame 18 parallel to the longitudinal sides 24 and at mid-distance therefrom.

Le bogie 10 comprend, pour chaque roue 12, une pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12 articulée autour d'une première liaison pivot 32 avec la roue 12 et une pièce de liaison mécanique 34 entre la vanne de nivellement 26 et la pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12.The bogie 10 comprises, for each wheel 12, a wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 articulated around a first pivot connection 32 with the wheel 12 and a mechanical connection part 34 between the leveling valve 26 and the wear detection part 30 of wheel 12.

La première liaison pivot 32 entre la pièce de détection d'usure 30 et la roue 12 est formée par une roue de diamètre compris entre 2% et 20% du diamètre de la roue 12 sur laquelle elle repose.The first pivot connection 32 between the wear detection part 30 and the wheel 12 is formed by a wheel with a diameter of between 2% and 20% of the diameter of the wheel 12 on which it rests.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la première liaison pivot 32 est placée au-dessus de la roue 12 suivant la direction d'élévation Z et en contact avec celle-ci.In the example shown, the first pivot link 32 is placed above the wheel 12 in the elevation direction Z and in contact with the latter.

La pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12 est articulée au châssis 18 par une liaison glissière 36. Une telle liaison glissière 36 autorise un mouvement de la pièce de détection d'usure 30 et avantageusement de la première liaison pivot 32 en translation selon la direction d'élévation Z, mais ne permet pas un mouvement de la pièce de détection d'usure 30 et avantageusement de la première liaison pivot 32 selon la direction longitudinale L.The wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 is articulated to the frame 18 by a sliding connection 36. Such a sliding connection 36 allows a movement of the wear detection part 30 and advantageously of the first pivot connection 32 in translation along the elevation direction Z, but does not allow movement of the wear detection part 30 and advantageously of the first pivot link 32 along the longitudinal direction L.

La pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12 est, de préférence, dépourvue d'éléments électroniques.The wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 is preferably devoid of electronic elements.

La pièce de liaison mécanique 34 est articulée d'une part autour d'une deuxième liaison pivot 38 avec la vanne de nivellement 26, et d'autre part autour d'une troisième liaison pivot 40 mobile et d'une quatrième liaison pivot 42 rigide avec la pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12.The mechanical connecting piece 34 is articulated on the one hand around a second pivot connection 38 with the leveling valve 26, and on the other hand around a third movable pivot connection 40 and a fourth rigid pivot connection 42 with the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la pièce de liaison mécanique 34 forme sensiblement un « Z » dont les branches extrêmes aboutissent d'une part à la deuxième liaison pivot 38 avec la vanne de nivellement 26, et d'autre part à la troisième liaison pivot 40 mobile avec la pièce de détection d'usure 30.In the example shown, the mechanical connecting piece 34 substantially forms a "Z" whose end branches lead on the one hand to the second pivot connection 38 with the leveling valve 26, and on the other hand to the third movable pivot connection 40 with the wear detection part 30.

La pièce de liaison mécanique 34 est mobile en rotation autour de la liaison pivot rigide 42 et autour d'un axe perpendiculaire aux directions longitudinale L et d'élévation Z.The mechanical link part 34 is rotatable around the rigid pivot link 42 and around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal L and elevation Z directions.

De préférence, la pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12 comprend un ressort hélicoïdal 44 entre la première liaison pivot 32 ou la pièce de détection d'usure 30 et la quatrième liaison pivot 42 rigide. Le ressort hélicoïdal 44 s'étend suivant la direction d'élévation Z.Preferably, the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 comprises a coil spring 44 between the first pivot link 32 or the wear detection part 30 and the fourth pivot link 42 rigid. Coil spring 44 extends in elevation direction Z.

Ainsi, la pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12 est mobile uniquement en translation dans la direction d'élévation Z en déplaçant la liaison glissière 36, et la quatrième liaison pivot 42 rigide reste à une distance D constante de l'axe X de rotation de la roue 12 au-dessus de laquelle elle se trouve.Thus, the wear detection part 30 of the wheel 12 is movable only in translation in the elevation direction Z by moving the sliding link 36, and the fourth rigid pivot link 42 remains at a constant distance D from the axis X of rotation of the wheel 12 above which it is located.

De préférence, les pièces de détection d'usure 30 et les pièces de liaison mécanique 34 d'un même côté longitudinal 24 sont symétriques par rapport à un axe vertical central du châssis 18 perpendiculaire aux côtés longitudinaux 24 et à mi-distance des axes X de rotation des roues 12 du côté longitudinal 24 correspondant.Preferably, the wear detection parts 30 and the mechanical connection parts 34 on the same longitudinal side 24 are symmetrical with respect to a central vertical axis of the frame 18 perpendicular to the longitudinal sides 24 and halfway between the axes X rotation of the wheels 12 of the corresponding longitudinal side 24.

Chaque vanne de nivellement 26 est articulée autour d'une cinquième liaison pivot 46 à un bras 48 s'étendant entre deux extrémités longitudinales 50, 52.Each leveling valve 26 is articulated around a fifth pivot connection 46 to an arm 48 extending between two longitudinal ends 50, 52.

De préférence, la cinquième liaison pivot 46 entre la vanne de nivellement 26 et le bras 48 est disposée sensiblement à une distance égale de chaque deuxième liaison pivot 38 articulant le bras 48 à chaque pièce de liaison mécanique 34 d'un même côté longitudinal 24 du bogie 10.Preferably, the fifth pivot connection 46 between the leveling valve 26 and the arm 48 is disposed substantially at an equal distance from each second pivot connection 38 articulating the arm 48 to each mechanical connection part 34 of the same longitudinal side 24 of the bogie 10.

Cette disposition de la cinquième liaison pivot 46 permet de compenser la moyenne de l'usure des roues 12 d'un côté longitudinal 24.This arrangement of the fifth pivot link 46 makes it possible to compensate for the average wear of the wheels 12 on a longitudinal side 24.

Le bras 48 est articulé à chacune de ses extrémités longitudinales 50, 52 autour de la deuxième liaison pivot 38 à la pièce de liaison mécanique 34 de la roue 12 correspondante.The arm 48 is articulated at each of its longitudinal ends 50, 52 around the second pivot connection 38 to the mechanical connection part 34 of the corresponding wheel 12.

Le bras 48 est de préférence télescopique. Cela permet un léger mouvement relatif longitudinal entre les boîtes d'essieu 16 qui peut se produire lors du roulage.Arm 48 is preferably telescopic. This allows a slight longitudinal relative movement between the axle boxes 16 which can occur during rolling.

On définit une distance de régulation a entre la deuxième liaison pivot 38 et l'axe X de rotation de la roue 12 correspondante prise selon la direction d'élévation Z. La distance de régulation a varie selon le diamètre de la roue 12, et par conséquent selon l'usure de la roue 12.A regulation distance a is defined between the second pivot link 38 and the axis X of rotation of the corresponding wheel 12 taken in the elevation direction Z. The regulation distance a varies according to the diameter of the wheel 12, and by consequently depending on the wear of the wheel 12.

Un fonctionnement du bogie 10 selon l'invention va maintenant être décrit.An operation of the bogie 10 according to the invention will now be described.

Lorsque l'une des roues 12 s'use, son diamètre diminue entraînant le déplacement de la première liaison pivot 32 vers l'axe X de rotation de la roue 12.When one of the wheels 12 wears out, its diameter decreases causing the displacement of the first pivot link 32 towards the axis X of rotation of the wheel 12.

En particulier, la première liaison pivot 32 se déplace suivant la direction d'élévation Z vers le bas.In particular, the first pivot link 32 moves in the elevation direction Z downwards.

La pièce de détection d'usure 30 de la roue 12 correspondante est entraînée en translation dans la direction d'élévation Z vers le bas en déplaçant la liaison glissière 36, et en allongeant le ressort hélicoïdal 44 de sorte que la quatrième liaison pivot 42 rigide reste à une distance D constante de l'axe X de rotation de la roue 12 au-dessus de laquelle elle se trouve.The wear detection part 30 of the corresponding wheel 12 is driven in translation in the direction of elevation Z downwards by moving the sliding link 36, and by lengthening the helical spring 44 so that the fourth pivot link 42 rigid remains at a constant distance D from the axis X of rotation of the wheel 12 above which it is located.

Le déplacement de la première liaison pivot 32 vers le bas suivant la direction d'élévation Z entraîne le déplacement de la pièce de liaison mécanique 34 en rotation autour de la quatrième liaison pivot 42 rigide.The movement of the first pivot link 32 downwards in the direction of elevation Z causes the movement of the mechanical link part 34 in rotation around the fourth pivot link 42 which is rigid.

Lorsque la pièce de liaison mécanique 34 se déplace en rotation autour de la quatrième liaison pivot 42 rigide, elle entraîne le déplacement de la deuxième liaison pivot 38 correspondante vers le haut suivant la direction d'élévation Z.When the mechanical connecting piece 34 moves in rotation around the fourth rigid pivot connection 42, it causes the movement of the corresponding second pivot connection 38 upwards in the direction of elevation Z.

La distance de régulation a est augmentée. Le déplacement de la deuxième liaison pivot 38 correspondante vers le haut entraîne l'inclinaison du bras 48.The control distance a is increased. Moving the corresponding second pivot link 38 upwards causes the arm 48 to tilt.

L'inclinaison du bras 48 entraîne à son tour le déplacement de la cinquième liaison pivot 46 suivant la direction d'élévation Z vers le haut, ce qui entraîne le déplacement du levier 28 de la vanne de nivellement 26 vers le haut.The inclination of the arm 48 in turn causes the movement of the fifth pivot link 46 in the elevation direction Z upwards, which causes the movement of the lever 28 of the leveling valve 26 upwards.

Le déplacement du levier 28 vers le haut commande l'augmentation de la pression régnant dans les moyens de suspension secondaire 22 du même côté longitudinal 24. Le fluide sous pression contenu dans le réservoir est injecté dans les moyens de suspension secondaire 22 pour les gonfler.Moving the lever 28 upwards controls the increase in the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means 22 on the same longitudinal side 24. The pressurized fluid contained in the reservoir is injected into the secondary suspension means 22 to inflate them.

Le plancher de la voiture reposant sur le bogie 10 sera alors rehaussé pour compenser la perte de hauteur due à l'usure de la roue, permettant ainsi la montée et la descente facile de passagers, notamment de personnes à mobilité réduite à bord de la voiture.The floor of the car resting on the bogie 10 will then be raised to compensate for the loss of height due to wheel wear, thus allowing easy boarding and alighting of passengers, in particular persons with reduced mobility on board the car. .

Les variations de charge de la voiture sont également compensées par la vanne de nivellement 26 qui, de préférence via le déplacement du levier 28 commande une augmentation de la pression régnant dans les moyens de suspension 22 en injectant le fluide sous pression vers les moyens de suspension 22 lorsque la charge augmente, ou une diminution de la pression régnant dans les moyens de suspension 22 en aspirant le fluide sous pression depuis les moyens de suspension 22 lorsque la charge diminue.The car load variations are also compensated by the leveling valve 26 which, preferably via the movement of the lever 28 controls an increase in the pressure prevailing in the suspension means 22 by injecting the pressurized fluid towards the suspension means 22 when the load increases, or a decrease in the pressure in the suspension means 22 by sucking the pressurized fluid from the suspension means 22 when the load decreases.

Le confort des passagers est ainsi amélioré.Passenger comfort is thus improved.

Le bogie 10 selon l'invention permet également de réduire les coûts de maintenance dus à l'usure des roues 12 et ne nécessite pas de calage.The bogie 10 according to the invention also makes it possible to reduce the maintenance costs due to the wear of the wheels 12 and does not require wedging.

En outre, la pièce de détection d'usure de la roue 12, la pièce de liaison mécanique 34 et le bras 48 sont entièrement mécaniques, la régulation de la hauteur de suspension secondaire ne nécessite pas d'éléments électroniques et donc d'alimentation électrique.In addition, the wheel wear detection part 12, the mechanical connecting part 34 and the arm 48 are entirely mechanical, the regulation of the secondary suspension height does not require electronic elements and therefore no power supply. .

Claims (9)

  1. A rail vehicle bogie (10), comprising:
    a) two pairs of wheels (12), the wheels (12) of each pair being connected to one another by an axle structure (14),
    b) an articulated chassis (18), each axle structure (14) being connected to the chassis (18) via primary suspension means (20), and
    c) secondary suspension means (22) supported by the chassis (18), the secondary suspension means (22) comprising at least one leveling valve (26),
    and
    - for at least one of the wheels (12), a wear detection part (30) of the wheel (12) and a mechanical connection part (34) between the leveling valve (26) and the wear detection part (30) of the wheel (12), the mechanical connection part being able to transmit, to the leveling valve, a movement of the wear detection part to control the increase or the decrease of the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means (22),
    characterized in that
    each wear detection part is articulated about a first pivot link (32) with the corresponding wheel (12) and the mechanical connection part (34) is articulated about a second pivot link (38) with the leveling valve (26), and on the other hand about a movable third pivot link (40) and a fourth rigid pivot link (42) with the wear detection part (30) of the wheel.
  2. The bogie (10) according to claim 1, wherein the bogie (10) has two longitudinal sides (24), each longitudinal side (24) comprising a wheel (12) of each pair, the secondary suspension means (22) comprising at least one leveling valve (26) on each longitudinal side (24) of the bogie (10), the bogie comprising, for each wheel, a wear detection part and a mechanical connection part (34) between the leveling valve (26) and the wear detection part (30) of the wheel (12), the mechanical connection part being able to transmit, to the leveling valve, a movement of the wear detection part to control the increase or the decrease of the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means (22).
  3. The bogie (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each wheel (12) is rotatable about an axis (X), and wherein the wear detection part (30) of the wheel (12) detects wear of the wheel (12) by the decrease in the diameter of the wheel (12) driving the movement of the first pivot link (32) of the wear detection part of the wheel toward the axis (X) of rotation of the wheel (12).
  4. The bogie (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the leveling valve (26) is articulated about a fifth pivot link (46) to an arm (48) extending between two longitudinal ends (50, 52), the arm (48) being articulated at each of its longitudinal ends (50, 52) about the second pivot link (38) to the mechanical connection part (34) of the corresponding wheel (12).
  5. The bogie (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a distance (D) between the fourth rigid pivot link (42) and an axis (X) of rotation of the wheel (12) taken along an elevation direction (Z) is substantially constant irrespective of the wear of the wheel (12).
  6. The bogie (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an adjustment distance (a) between the second pivot link (38) and an axis (X) of rotation of the wheel (12) taken along the elevation direction varies depending on the wear of the wheel (12).
  7. The bogie (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the wear detection part (30) of the wheel (12) is articulated to the chassis (18) by a slide link (36) and comprises a spring system (44) between the first pivot link and the fourth rigid pivot link (42), such that the wear detection part (30) of the wheel (12) is movable only in translation in an elevation direction (Z), and that the mechanical connection part (34) is rotatable about the fourth rigid pivot link (42).
  8. The bogie (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the leveling valve is configured to offset the load variations of a car of the rail vehicle associated with the bogie, by controlling an increase in the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means when the load increases, or a decrease in the pressure prevailing in the secondary suspension means when the load decreases.
  9. A rail vehicle car, characterized in that it includes at least one bogie (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
EP20214408.5A 2019-12-17 2020-12-16 Railway vehicle bogie Active EP3838706B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1914569A FR3104525B1 (en) 2019-12-17 2019-12-17 Railway vehicle bogie

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3838706A1 EP3838706A1 (en) 2021-06-23
EP3838706B1 true EP3838706B1 (en) 2022-03-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20214408.5A Active EP3838706B1 (en) 2019-12-17 2020-12-16 Railway vehicle bogie

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EP (1) EP3838706B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2021095129A (en)
CN (1) CN112977519A (en)
ES (1) ES2914889T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3104525B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3586306A (en) * 1969-03-06 1971-06-22 Gen Steel Ind Inc Railway vehicle suspension height adjustment device
US5947031A (en) 1997-10-07 1999-09-07 Buckeye Steel Castings Railway truck leveling valve arrangement for closer overall height control
DE102009043488A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-05-05 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Spring arrangement for level control in a vehicle
EP2487087B8 (en) * 2011-02-09 2016-06-22 Kockums Engineering AB An arrangement for height compensation of a railway wagon
JP6081340B2 (en) * 2013-10-16 2017-02-15 川崎重工業株式会社 Air spring and railway vehicle
FR3053301B1 (en) * 2016-06-29 2019-05-24 Alstom Transport Technologies METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE HEIGHT OF A TRANSPORT VEHICLE AND ASSOCIATED TRANSPORT VEHICLE
CN110126869A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-08-16 北京承乾润华机电设备有限公司 One kind is exempted to adjust two system's height control structures and method

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FR3104525B1 (en) 2022-05-06
FR3104525A1 (en) 2021-06-18
JP2021095129A (en) 2021-06-24
CN112977519A (en) 2021-06-18
ES2914889T3 (en) 2022-06-17
EP3838706A1 (en) 2021-06-23

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