EP3830226A1 - Utilisation d'esters gras volatils particuliers dans des moteurs a essence pour reduire les emissions - Google Patents
Utilisation d'esters gras volatils particuliers dans des moteurs a essence pour reduire les emissionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3830226A1 EP3830226A1 EP19755288.8A EP19755288A EP3830226A1 EP 3830226 A1 EP3830226 A1 EP 3830226A1 EP 19755288 A EP19755288 A EP 19755288A EP 3830226 A1 EP3830226 A1 EP 3830226A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- esters
- fuel
- volatile fatty
- use according
- carbons
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000002194 fatty esters Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ICMAFTSLXCXHRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OCC ICMAFTSLXCXHRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ROJKPKOYARNFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OCCC ROJKPKOYARNFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[14CH3] DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butylhexane Natural products CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYSGJCJSRBFZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;manganese;5-methylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Mn].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].C[C-]1C=CC=C1 IYSGJCJSRBFZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003254 gasoline additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YERFHJZYNMRVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCC YERFHJZYNMRVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
- C10G29/22—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/10—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the octane number
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/0254—Oxygen containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0415—Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
- C10L2200/0423—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L2200/0476—Biodiesel, i.e. defined lower alkyl esters of fatty acids first generation biodiesel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improving the quality of gasoline in particular to reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and particles from gasoline engines.
- Gasoline engines are now preferred over Diesel engines because they emit less harmful substances. They are intended to be used by a very large majority. However, they still emit nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and particles which are dangerous for the environment and for human and animal health.
- the objective of the invention is to find a product which can be used on an industrial scale, capable of reducing both the emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and particles from petrol engines.
- Esters have already been used in fossil fuels.
- the esters of vegetable oils or animal fats have been mixed with diesel.
- These esters are so-called “long” esters (16 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule) or “medium” esters (8 to 16 carbon atoms per molecule).
- esters do not meet the objective of the invention because they can not be used in admixture with petrol due to insufficient volatility. In addition, no ester has been used so far in admixture with gasoline to significantly reduce emissions.
- the use of one or more volatile fatty acid esters "short" comprising per molecule a number of carbon atoms between 4 and 8, in l gasoline reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburnt hydrocarbons and particulate matter from gasoline engines.
- the use according to the invention simultaneously makes it possible to increase the octane number of the gasoline.
- volatile fatty acid within the meaning of the invention means a mono-carboxylic fatty acid with an aliphatic chain of one to six carbon atoms (formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric and caproic acids), or l 'one of its isomers.
- fuel or “fuel for gasoline engine” within the meaning of the invention means a fuel capable of operating a gasoline engine, with or without particular adjustment of the engine, preferably an engine comprising at least gasoline and possibly other constituents.
- short volatile fatty acid ester or “short ester” or “short volatile fatty acid ester” within the meaning of the invention is meant an ester formed by the reaction of a volatile fatty acid on a alcohol so that the ester has a number of carbon atoms between 4 and 8.
- unburned hydrocarbons within the meaning of the invention means components comprising exclusively carbon and hydrogen atoms emitted by an engine.
- the unburnt hydrocarbons include methane CH 4 and the other unburned hydrocarbons also called “non-methane hydrocarbons”.
- gasoline octane number within the meaning of the invention is generally meant either the Ron octane number or the Mon octane number.
- search octane number of gasoline or “Ron number” within the meaning of the invention means an index measured according to the method NF EN ISO 5164: 2005.
- engine octane number of gasoline or “Mon number” within the meaning of the invention means an index measured according to the method NF EN ISO 5163: 2005.
- incorporación of a compound at the rate of x% by volume in the fuel within the meaning of the invention is meant the constitution by any appropriate means of a mixture by adding a volume of x% of the compound (for example of esters) and a volume of lx% of gasoline and any other additives present in the fuel.
- the fuel is thus made up of x% of the compound on the one hand and lx% of gasoline and any other additives on the other.
- nitrogen oxides within the meaning of the invention means compounds comprising only oxygen and nitrogen atoms, the most common in engine emissions being nitrogen monoxide NO and dioxide nitrogen N0 2 .
- number of carbons of an ester or an alkane is meant the number of carbon atoms of an ester or alkane molecule.
- use of a compound at the rate of x% by volume of fuel within the meaning of the invention means the use in a gasoline engine of a fuel consisting of the compound (for example one or more esters), petrol and any other additives, obtained by incorporating the compound at the rate of x% by volume in the fuel.
- the fuel is made up of x% of the compound on the one hand and by l-x% of gasoline and any other additives on the other hand.
- the invention therefore relates to the use of at least one volatile fatty acid ester, said ester comprising a number of carbons between 4 and 8, in a fuel for a gasoline engine to reduce both emissions of nitrogen oxide and unburnt hydrocarbons and preferably also to reduce particles from petrol engines.
- the volatile fatty acid ester (s) comprising a number of carbons between 4 and 8 are used at the rate of at least 15% by volume of the fuel constituted by the ester (s), petrol and any other constituents, even more preferably at the rate of at least 20%, preferably at the rate of at least 30%, and according to an embodiment particularly suitable for the rate of at least 50%.
- these ratios allow particularly effective results to be obtained in terms of reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and particles from petrol engines.
- ester (s) of short volatile fatty acids which are useful according to the invention can be chosen from the following esters: ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl valerate, ethyl hexanoate, propyl acetate, propyl propionate, propyl butyrate, propyl valerate, butyl acetate, butyl propionate, butyl butyrate, and mixtures thereof.
- the useful ester (s) according to the invention are preferably obtained in whole or in part from biomass (volatile fatty acids of biomass origin and / or alcohols of biomass origin) according to any suitable process. They can in particular be obtained in whole or in part and preferably entirely, by fermentation of biomass (anaerobic fermentation for volatile fatty acids and alcoholic or aceto-butanolic fermentation for alcohols) that is to say by esterification of volatile fatty acids of biomass origin with alcohols of biomass origin. Volatile fatty acids can also be obtained from dioxide or carbon monoxide in a microbial fuel cell.
- the volatile fatty acid esters comprising a number of carbons between 4 and 8 can be obtained in whole or in part by esterification of volatile fatty acids of biomass origin with alcohols of biomass origin or by esterification of acids volatile fats produced from dioxide or carbon monoxide in a microbial fuel cell by alcohols (alcohols can be of biomass origin or not).
- Esters of volatile fatty acids comprising a number of carbon atoms between 4 and 8, in a fuel for a gasoline engine allow in particular and can be used so as to:
- the emission of nitrogen oxides can in particular be measured according to a method that meets the requirements of the European Euro 6 regulation, ie regulation 459/2012 of May 29, 2012); and or
- the emission of unburned hydrocarbons by petrol engines by at least 20% of the rate of incorporation of the ester in the fuel, for example a reduction of at least 10% for 50% of esters incorporated in fuel (the emission of unburned hydrocarbons may in particular be measured according to a method that meets the requirements of the European Euro 6 regulation, ie regulation 459/2012 of May 29, 2012);
- the use according to the invention can also allow, in addition to the uses mentioned above:
- gasoline additives in combination with short esters, it is possible to use other gasoline additives, so as to increase the effects of volatile fatty acid esters and to act in synergy. It is in particular possible to add to gasoline, in addition to the short esters of volatile fatty acids, one or more alkanes whose number of carbon atoms in the molecule is between 4 and 10, to optimize combustion.
- alkanes can be of petroleum origin or from biomass.
- the alkanes used according to the invention come from a biomass.
- These alkanes, in combination with the short esters make it possible to further reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxide and of unburned hydrocarbons.
- These alkanes are preferably chosen from octane, iso-octane, decane and their mixtures Indeed, these alkanes tend to improve the combustion of the mixture.
- these alkanes are used at an incorporation rate of between 0 and 50% by volume of fuel.
- they are produced from volatile fatty acids resulting from an anaerobic fermentation of biomass by a so-called "Kolbe” electrolysis.
- additives improving the octane number such as for example organometallic compounds such as MMT and Ferrocene, or ethers such as ETBE or TAME or aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene,
- additives improving lubrication such as for example medium esters such as hexyl valerate, hexyl caproate or longer esters, - products reducing combustion temperatures, such as, for example, nitrogen compounds such as amines, urea or ammonia, optionally mixed with water,
- the objective of the tests carried out is to evaluate the effect of the use of volatile fatty acid esters having a carbon number between 4 and 8, in a fuel comprising gasoline, on the emissions of nitrogen oxide, unburnt hydrocarbons and particles from petrol engines, and also on the octane number of petrol.
- the ignition advance is optimized to obtain that the PM I (average pressure indicated) is maximum.
- the richness of the mixture is regulated at 1.
- a wait of a few minutes is imposed in order to stabilize the engine thermal and the exhaust emissions.
- the analysis of the particles is carried out on a PBS PEGASOR probe.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1870872A FR3084373B1 (fr) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Utilisation d'esters gras volatils particuliers dans des moteurs a essence pour reduire les emissions |
PCT/EP2019/070191 WO2020021070A1 (fr) | 2018-07-27 | 2019-07-26 | Utilisation d'esters gras volatils particuliers dans des moteurs a essence pour reduire les emissions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3830226A1 true EP3830226A1 (fr) | 2021-06-09 |
Family
ID=65201575
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19755288.8A Withdrawn EP3830226A1 (fr) | 2018-07-27 | 2019-07-26 | Utilisation d'esters gras volatils particuliers dans des moteurs a essence pour reduire les emissions |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210163838A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3830226A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN112639059A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112021001413A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3107558A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3084373B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020021070A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111171884A (zh) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | 一种戊酸酯类汽油混合燃料 |
CN111171883A (zh) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | 一种戊酸酯类柴油混合燃料 |
FR3127229A1 (fr) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-03-24 | Bio-Think | Procédé de production d’esters d’acides gras volatils, lesdits esters étant utilisés comme solvant d’extraction |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2757539B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-24 | 1999-03-05 | Bioconversion | Esters d'origine vegetale utilises comme substituts de carburants ou combustibles et leur procede de production |
JP3948796B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-30 | 2007-07-25 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 筒内直接噴射式ガソリンエンジン用無鉛ガソリン |
WO2001018154A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-03-15 | Agrofuel Ab | Carburant pour moteurs diesel |
US7410514B2 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2008-08-12 | Greg Binions | Liquid fuel composition having aliphatic organic non-hydrocarbon compounds, an aromatic hydrocarbon having an aromatic content of less than 15% by volume, an oxygenate, and water |
CN102585926B (zh) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-10-23 | 西安市尚华科技开发有限责任公司 | 乙酸甲酯用于制备车用汽油的应用 |
RU2524955C1 (ru) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-08-10 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Ифохим" | Многофункциональная добавка к углеводородсодержащему топливу и топливная композиция, ее содержащая |
FR3052459B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-13 | 2020-01-24 | Bio-Think | Melange destine a alimenter une chaudiere ou un moteur diesel comprenant des esters et des alcanes particuliers |
-
2018
- 2018-07-27 FR FR1870872A patent/FR3084373B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2019
- 2019-07-26 EP EP19755288.8A patent/EP3830226A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-07-26 WO PCT/EP2019/070191 patent/WO2020021070A1/fr unknown
- 2019-07-26 CA CA3107558A patent/CA3107558A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2019-07-26 US US17/263,474 patent/US20210163838A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-07-26 BR BR112021001413-6A patent/BR112021001413A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-07-26 CN CN201980049935.XA patent/CN112639059A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020021070A1 (fr) | 2020-01-30 |
US20210163838A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
FR3084373A1 (fr) | 2020-01-31 |
BR112021001413A2 (pt) | 2021-04-27 |
FR3084373B1 (fr) | 2020-10-09 |
CN112639059A (zh) | 2021-04-09 |
CA3107558A1 (fr) | 2020-01-30 |
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