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EP3734755A1 - Antenne combinée pour services de communication mobiles pour véhicules - Google Patents

Antenne combinée pour services de communication mobiles pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3734755A1
EP3734755A1 EP20171891.3A EP20171891A EP3734755A1 EP 3734755 A1 EP3734755 A1 EP 3734755A1 EP 20171891 A EP20171891 A EP 20171891A EP 3734755 A1 EP3734755 A1 EP 3734755A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
lte
der
roof
monopole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20171891.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3734755B1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Lindenmeier
Heinz Lindenmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH
Original Assignee
Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH filed Critical Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH
Publication of EP3734755A1 publication Critical patent/EP3734755A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3734755B1 publication Critical patent/EP3734755B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • H01Q1/405—Radome integrated radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/12—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q11/14—Resonant antennas with parts bent, folded, shaped or screened or with phasing impedances, to obtain desired phase relation of radiation from selected sections of the antenna or to obtain desired polarisation effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combination antenna for mobile radio services / or mobile radio and radio services.
  • Antennas for cellular radio services from the prior art are designed as cohesive electrically conductive structures, for example made of sheet metal.
  • Such antennas can be manufactured economically and even have the advantageous property of three-dimensional configurability.
  • Antennas are also known which are made from flat plastic plates coated with electrical conductors, the electrically conductive antenna elements being printed on.
  • the advantage of this antenna technology lies in the accuracy and diversity with which the natural frequency-sensitive structures can be reproduced. Under the condition of reasonable manufacturing costs, these antennas are limited to two-dimensional structures.
  • Another disadvantage is the high production costs associated with the space-saving spatial and mechanical combination of several such antennas on the vehicle during mass production, as is the case with antennas made of connected electrically conductive structures.
  • the area required on the vehicle surface, the overall height, its aerodynamic shape and its wind resistance value are particularly important for the use of antennas on vehicles. However, due to the large quantities that are customary in vehicle construction, the economic efficiency of the production of such an antenna is of particular importance.
  • the multitude of modern cellular networks requires antennas with extreme bandwidth.
  • a frequency range between 698 and 960 MHz is provided - hereinafter referred to as lower band - and above a frequency gap the frequency range between 1460 MHz and 2700 MHz, hereinafter referred to as upper band, is provided, as in Figure 1c shown.
  • a middle band in the frequency range between 1460 MHz and 1700 MHz is also provided, which is to be assigned to the upper band.
  • the frequency gap between the lower band and the upper band is desired to protect against the radio services located there. Often there is a requirement to provide several such cellular antennas for several users on one vehicle. In addition, an antenna is often required for AM broadcast and FM broadcast.
  • antennas and antenna arrangements presented in the present document is in no way restricted to the LTE system mentioned here as an example.
  • these antennas and antenna arrangements can be used particularly advantageously in all communication systems in which multiple antenna systems are used in the frequency ranges described, for example in communication systems such as 5G, WLAN and vehicle-to-vehicle communication (Car2Car) e.g. in accordance with the IEEE802.11p standard etc.
  • antennas are required which, in addition to their electrical function, are suitable for vehicles due to their compactness and their stylistic properties, whereby the economic efficiency of production is of particular importance.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create an antenna in which a combination antenna is designed from several mechanically and electrically integrated individual antennas for mobile radio services in a compact design in a simple and economically inexpensive manufacturing process.
  • a combination antenna 1 for mobile radio services comprising at least one arranged above a base plate 5 and having conductive ones Antenna structures 2 coated plastic film 3 and at least one antenna connection point 4 coupled to antenna structures 2 on the electrically conductive base plate 5 as an electrical counterweight of the combination antenna 1 comprising the following features: Starting from a particularly rigid, but flexible plastic film 3 coated with conductive antenna structures 2, in particular with the approximate shape of a rectangle or trapezoid, with two parallel broad side edges 6a, 6b and a first and a second longitudinal side edge 7a, 7b, the plastic film 3 is closed a particularly cylindrical or slightly conical longitudinally extending folding body 8 or a film tube 8 is folded or shaped.
  • the shaping of the film tube 8 is designed by multiple bending along straight bending lines 9 in the longitudinal direction 10.
  • the two longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b of the plastic film 3 are brought together in one embodiment variant on the base plate 5 and mechanically connected to this along a fastening line 44 parallel to the longitudinal center line 12 of the base plate 5, whereby the jacket 13 of the folded body 8, i.e.
  • the tube jacket 13 is segmented by the bending lines 9 and the longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b.
  • the cross-section of the tube jacket 13 can be formed as an inverted polygon with V-shaped surfaces 19 in the lower third of the total extension h of up to 12 cm above the base plate 5.
  • the cross section of the folded body is diamond-shaped or it has the shape of a kite.
  • a roof capacity 15 designed as a Longitudinally extended flat conductor structure 16 may be present, which is connected at least at one point via a conductor track 17 printed on the tube jacket 13 to an antenna connection point 4 formed on the fastening line 44.
  • the tube jacket 13 is designed in the lower area of V-shaped mutually oriented surfaces or segments 19, on each of which a flat and conductive triangular structure 20 with the triangular height standing on the triangle tip 21 54 can be present, wherein both triangular points 21 converging at the bottom encompass the antenna connection point 4.
  • the design of the folding body or the plastic film 3 can (before the folding) start from a basically rigid, but bendable or foldable plastic film 3 coated with conductive antenna structures 2.
  • the initial shape or the cut of the flat plastic film 3 can approximately correspond to the shape of a rectangle or trapezoid with two parallel broad side edges 6a, 6b and a first and a second longitudinal side edge 7a, 7b.
  • the plastic film 3 can then be shaped into a cylindrical or slightly conical shape extending in a longitudinal direction 10 extending film tube 8.
  • the folding body is folded into a parallelepiped.
  • the formation of the film tube 8 can be produced by bending or kinking the plastic film 3 along straight bending lines 9 in the longitudinal direction 10.
  • the bending lines can also be embossed in the plastic.
  • the two longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b of the plastic film 3 can be brought together on the base plate 5. They can be mechanically connected to the base plate 5 along a fastening line 44 parallel to the longitudinal center line 12 of the base plate 5.
  • the tube jacket 13 of the film tube 8 can thus be segmented regularly or irregularly by the bending lines 9 and the longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b.
  • the cross-section of the tube jacket 13 can be formed as a polygon with a V-shape standing on its tip in the lower region of the total extension h of a maximum of 12 cm above the base plate 5.
  • a longitudinally extended flat conductor structure 16 designed as a roof capacity 15 can be formed on the plastic film 3 in the upper area of the tube jacket 13 located above the conductive base plate 5. This can be connected at at least one point via a printed conductor track 17 on the tube jacket 13 to an antenna connection point 4 formed on the fastening line 44.
  • the tube jacket 13 located above the conductive base plate 5 can be oriented in a V-shape on both sides of the tube jacket 13 at the lower end of the tube jacket 13 Areas 19 each have the conductive structure of a triangular structure 20 standing on the tip of the triangle 21.
  • the lower triangular tips 21 are electrically connected to one another. They can form the connection point for an antenna connection point 4 formed on the fastening line 44.
  • the electrically conductive base plate 5 can be designed as a coated circuit board 22, each with a cutout in the conductive layer for the design of an antenna connection point 4, which can comprise a connection pad 23 on the plastic film 3 and a ground connection 24 on the circuit board 22.
  • the electrically conductive base plate 5 can rest on the outer skin of a vehicle and the coated film tube 8 can be introduced into the inner cavity 25 of a bowl-shaped dielectric protective antenna hood 11 and encased by this in such a way that the long side of the base plate 5 is oriented parallel to the direction of travel 26 and the antenna protective hood 11 can be mechanically connected to the conductive base plate 5 at its opening edge.
  • the inner surface 28 of the shell-shaped antenna protective hood 11 can be designed in such a way that there are points of contact 27 between the bending lines 9 of the plastic film 3 and the inner surface 28 of the shell-shaped antenna protective hood.
  • the wall of the inner cavity 25 can also have at least one molded, in particular have straight contact edge which enables a line contact along a contact line 27 between the bending line 9 of the plastic film 3 and the inner surface 28 of the protective antenna cover 11. As a result, the folding body can also be jammed in the protective antenna hood.
  • Edge tabs 29 can be pronounced on the longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b of the coated plastic film 3 and the electrically conductive base plate 5 can be designed as a printed circuit board 22, along whose longitudinal fastening line 44 a slot-shaped collecting device 30 is guided, into which the edge tabs 29 of the plastic film 3 accordingly angled can be inserted and thus held mechanically.
  • connection pad 23 can be designed on at least one of the edge tabs 29 and on the circuit board 22 a contact element 45 for contacting can be provided on the slot-shaped collecting device 30 of the circuit board 22 of the connection pad.
  • At least one combined LTE antenna 42 can be formed from the monopole broadband antenna 18 for the LTE upper band with the character of a conical monopole antenna 31 and an antenna for the LTE lower band, which consists of the vertical monopole antenna 14 with a roof capacity 15 designed longitudinally Conductor structure 16 can exist, which can be designed in the upper region of the tube jacket 13 located above the conductive base plate 5 with a printed conductor track 17 to form an LTE antenna connection pad 32 common to both frequency bands.
  • a plurality of combined LTE antennas 42 can be present, of which at least two comprise the same roof capacitance 15, which can each be connected to a separate connection pad 23 via a printed conductor track 17.
  • the AM / FM Monopole antenna 33 can comprise the same elongated, flat conductor structure 16 as roof capacitance 15, but with a separate conductor connection 41 to the separate AM / FM antenna connection pad 47, with a separate antenna connection point 4 being formed on the fastening line 44 for each combined LTE antenna 42.
  • a combined LTE antenna 42 with a printed conductor track 17 between the end of the conductor structure 16 of the roof capacitance 15 extended longitudinally over the foil tube 8 and the combined LTE antenna connection pad 32 and the roof capacitance can be formed at both ends of the folded body or the film tube 8
  • the connection point 36 of the separate conductor track 41 to the conductor structure 16 of the roof capacitance 15 to the AM / FM antenna connection pad 47 can be provided approximately in the longitudinal center of the film tube 8.
  • the inner cross-section of the dielectric protective antenna hood 11 can essentially resemble the cross-section of a bell, which tapers towards the tip, and the cross-sectional shape of the folded body or the film tube 8 can be inscribed in the inner cross-section of the protective antenna hood 11 in such a way that at the height h1 with a suitable choice of the opening angle 53 of the tube jacket surfaces 19 meeting one another in a V-shape on the fastening line 44 on both cross-sectional sides at points of contact 27 with the inner antenna protective hood 11, bending lines 9 and suitable bending angles 35 are designed and at the inner tip at the height h of the antenna protective hood 11 Another bending line with bending angle 35 is present in such a way that with a gable roof-shaped design of the cross-section of the tubular structure for the flat roof capacity 15, both a sufficient width and the full utilization of the available height h under the protective antenna hood 11 given is.
  • a further bending line with contact on the inner antenna protective hood 11 and a corresponding bending angle 35 can be selected in this way be that a mansard roof-shaped design of the structure for the flat roof capacity 15 is achieved.
  • the inner cross-section of the dielectric antenna protection hood 11 can in sections essentially resemble that of a semicircle and there can be a further bending line in contact with the inner antenna protection hood 11 in a plurality of heights h2, h3, h4, ... above the base area be chosen in such a way that the tube jacket 13 is clinging sequentially to the cross-sectional semicircle above the height h1 and the cross-sectional width 46 of the flat structure of the roof capacity 15 is designed to be effective.
  • the contact with the protective antenna hood at the bending lines 9 for mechanical fixation of the film tube 8 does not necessarily have to be strictly given, although the available cavity 25 of the protective antenna hood 11 can still be used effectively.
  • an LTE combination antenna 42 with a triangular structure 20 and the conductor track 17 to the overlying conductive structure of the roof capacitance 15 is printed on at least one of the longitudinal ends of the folding body or the film tube 8 and an AM / VHF monopole antenna can be used 33, which is connected to the same structure for the roof capacitance 15 via a separate conductor track connection 41, wherein roof capacitance connection points 36 spaced apart from one another can be selected for decoupling the two antennas.
  • the electromagnetic decoupling of the two spaced-apart roof capacitance connection points 36 can be increased by the inductive effect of a meandering conductor structure 37, the oscillation amplitude 38 being selected over the cross-sectional width 46 of the planar structure of the roof capacitance 15.
  • the flat conductive triangular structure 20 can be designed by strip-shaped conductive lamellae 39 arranged in a fan-like manner in the triangular plane and converging in the lower triangular tip 21 .
  • the flat plastic film 3 serving as a starting base can be attached to a lower triangular tip 21 with the LTE
  • Further conductive triangular structure 40 connected to the antenna connection pad 32 and provided with a suitable opening angle can be extended in such a way that, after the foil tube 8 has been designed by bending the extended triangular structure 40 along the broad side edge 6a, the two opposite triangular structures 20 are supplemented by the further triangular structure 40 in the sense of a cone simulation are.
  • a folded body or a film tube 8 can also be provided, the jacket of which is not completely closed.
  • the inner cross-section of the antenna protective hood 11 should be inscribed in such a way that when only one of the two longitudinal side edges 7a is attached to the fastening line 44 at the height h1 on only one of the cross-sectional sides at points of contact 27 with the inner antenna protective hood 11 a bending line 9 and there a suitable bending angle 35 are designed, whereby at the inner tip at the height h of the antenna protective hood 11 a further bending line 9 with bending angle 35 can be present in such a way that starting from there, according to the gable-roof-shaped design of the cross-section open tubular structure for the planar roof capacity 15 the end 50 of the plastic film is reached.
  • the flat plastic film 3 serving as a starting base along the broad side edge 6a is extended by a first further conductive triangular structure 40 and it can furthermore be that a second further triangular structure 40a is attached to this via a common connecting side 49 in such a way that after the open film tube 8 has been designed, the first further conductive Triangular structure 40 along the broad side edge 6a and by approximately right-angled bending of the second further triangular structure 40a along the common Connection side 49 of the two adjoining further triangular structures 40, 40a, the remaining triangular structure 20 and the second further triangular structure 40a are oriented in a V-shape to one another and the lower triangular tips 21 of all triangular structures 20, 40, 40a are connected to the LTE antenna connection pad 32.
  • LTE antennas 42 for frequencies below and above 1 GHz, each with a separate roof capacity 15 and a separate LTE antenna connection pad 32, are arranged in series along the longitudinal side of the film tube 8.
  • the structures for the design of the LTE antenna 42 are applied to one of the two sides of the tube jacket 13 and to support the frequency range below 1 GHz on the opposite side of the tube jacket 13 to the roof capacitance 15 at a minimum distance 68 im
  • a substantially rectangular further structure 69 which is essentially rectangular-shaped further structure 69, which is substantially parallel to the roof capacitance 15 and is capacitively coupled to it, which is provided with a further conductor strip 67 with a high resistance for frequencies above 1 GHz and at its lower end with a connection pad 23 for the design of a Ground terminal 24 is connected.
  • a particular advantage of a combination antenna 1 according to the invention consists in the possibility of placing several antennas for different frequency ranges and / or different radio services in a particularly compact manner on a common mechanical carrier.
  • a particular saving in space results from the possibility of using antenna structures 2 in some cases several times for the design of the different antennas.
  • the combination of all antennas to form the combination antenna 1 on a plastic film 3 with a thickness of between 0.1 mm, for example, printed on one or both sides with a highly conductive material structure and 0.5 mm enables a particularly low-cost production in a single printing process.
  • the subsequent bending along less straight folds or bending lines 9 by known bending angles 35 is also extremely low-cost using the simplest automatic production machines for mass production.
  • the mechanical fixing and contacting with a base plate 5 designed as a conductively coated printed circuit board 22 with the slot-shaped collecting device 30 with contact elements 45 at the antenna connection points 4 can take place in a particularly simple manner without complex soldering.
  • the entire manufacturing process for the combination antenna 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for mass production for vehicles.
  • the longitudinal direction 10 of the film tube 8 with the protective antenna hood 11 is advantageously oriented in the direction of travel 26.
  • cone-shaped monopole antennas particularly large frequency bandwidths can be achieved.
  • Such antennas are particularly suitable for frequencies above 1 GHz, i.e. for the LTE upper band.
  • the three-dimensional design of the foil tube 8 according to the invention in Fig. 1a advantageously enables the implementation of an antenna with approximation of the antenna shape of a cone.
  • a monopole with the shape of an inverse pyramid is formed, which also has the desired conical shape with regard to the electrical Behavior comes close.
  • a monopole antenna 14 is also designed as an LTE sub-band antenna 52 for frequencies below 1 GHz, consisting of the roof capacitance 15 and the printed conductor track leading to the connection pad 23.
  • the arrangement of this antenna is arranged in a space-saving manner in such a way that the roof capacitance 15 designed as a longitudinally extended conductor structure 16 covers the LTE upper band antenna 51 at a sufficient distance.
  • the cross-section of the film tube 8 is adapted to the shape of the inner surface 28 in such a way that by bending the plastic film 3 along the bending lines 9 there are contact points 27 of the film tube 8 with the inner surface 28 of the antenna protective hood 11 and thus a mechanical fixation against vibrations is given.
  • This fixation is also effective when the contact with the inner surface 28 is not strictly given, but that, due to an existing remaining distance, the oscillation amplitude of the foil tube 8 in the event of vibrations is small enough not to impair the electrical properties of the combination antenna 1.
  • the film tube 8 can be mechanically fixed via connection pads 24 with the aid of soldering support points formed on the electrically conductive base plate 5.
  • FIG Figure 2 - A slot-shaped collecting device 30 is executed in the longitudinal direction 10 on the base plate 5, into which the edge tabs 29 formed on the film tube 8 are inserted in a form-fitting manner.
  • the antenna connection points 4 there are contact elements 45 which are insulated from the conductive base plate 5 and which establish contact with the connection pads 23 on the edge tabs 29.
  • the electrically conductive base plate 5 is advantageously designed as a coated printed circuit board 22, additional circuits, such as antenna amplifiers, cable connections, etc., can be designed with little effort.
  • the foil tube 8 is shown in FIG Figure 3a Carrier of two symmetrical versions of a combined LTE antenna 42 and an AM / FM monopole antenna 33 with a roof capacity connection point 36 approximately in the middle of the elongated conductor structure 16 as roof capacity.
  • the combined LTE antenna 42 is in each case - as in FIG Figure 1 - Applied as conical monopole broadband antennas 18 for the LTE upper band on the V-shaped surfaces 19 as triangular structures 20, so that they span an inverse pyramid which is similar to the shape of a cone.
  • connection pad 23 To the connection pad 23 thereof as a connection to the elongated conductor structure 16 in the upper area of the foil tube 8, the printed conductor track 17 located at the end of the foil tube 8 to form an LTE sub-band antenna 52.
  • the connection pad 23 is thus also the LTE antenna connection pad 32 for the combined LTE Antenna 42.
  • Two LTE lower band antennas 52, two LTE upper band antennas 51 and one AM / FM monopole antenna 33, that is to say a total of 5 antennas, are thus implemented on the foil tube 8 in an extremely space-saving manner.
  • Their antenna structures 2 are electromagnetically coupled to one another due to the partial double use and the small spatial distances from one another.
  • the flat triangular structures 20 are designed by strip-shaped lamellae 39 which are arranged in a fan-like manner in the triangular plane and converge in the lower triangular apex.
  • the electromagnetic decoupling of the roof capacitance connection points 36 which are spaced apart from one another, is increased by the inductive effect of a meandering conductor structure 37.
  • the oscillation amplitude 38 and the conductor width of the meandering over the cross-sectional width 46 of the flat structure of the roof capacitance 15 the inductive and capacitive effects of the meandering conductor structure 37 can be matched.
  • This coordination can advantageously take place in such a way that, with a suitable impedance termination, each of the two combined LTE antennas 42 located at the ends of the foil tube 8 on the associated LTE antenna connection pad 32 for the FM antenna performs the advantageous function of a laterally symmetrical invert-F antenna. Antenna on AM / FM antenna connection pad 47 is reached.
  • FIG 4 it can be seen that the flat plastic film 3 can be printed in a simple manner in order to proceed from it to the film tube 8 described.
  • the figure shows the sectional view of the symmetrical version 1 with two combined LTE antennas and the central coupling for the AM / FM monopole antenna 33.
  • the plastic film 3 is designed as a rectangle with broad side edges 6a, 6b of equal length, the bend leads to the bending lines 9 as described to a film tube 8 that does not taper in the longitudinal direction 10.
  • the result is a conical foil tube 8 that tapers towards the front of the vehicle.
  • the shape of the foil tube 8 can be modified by the special design of the flat plastic foil 3 can be adapted in an advantageous manner to an antenna protective hood 11 predetermined by the design.
  • the film tube 8 is designed by kinking at the bending lines 9, the two LTE connection pads 32 come together locally, and when they are inserted into the slit-shaped collecting device 30, they are jointly contacted via the contact element 45 at the associated antenna connection point 4.
  • Figure 5 shows a sectional view variant according to the invention as in FIG Figure 4 with two combined LTE antennas 42 and central decoupling at the roof capacitance connection point 36 for the separate conductor track connection 41 to the AM / FM antenna connection pad 47, but with an irregular meander structure.
  • Figure 6 shows a sectional view variant according to the invention as in FIG Figure 4 with two combined LTE antennas 42 and with two approximately central couplings at roof capacitance connection points 36 at different points of the meandering conductor structure 37 on both sides.
  • the film tube 8 is designed by kinking at the bending lines 9, the two AM / FM antenna connection pads 47 come together locally and, when inserted into the slit-shaped collecting device 30, are jointly contacted via the contact element 45 at the associated antenna connection point 4.
  • Figure 7 shows a sectional view variant according to the invention as in FIG Figure 4 but without a central roof capacitance connection point 36 of the separate conductor connection 41 but with the common conductor connection 17, 41 for the design of a common connection pad 32, 47 as an LTE antenna connection pad 32 and AM / FM antenna connection pad 47.
  • FIG Figure 8a a foil tube 43 designed with the tube jacket open in the tube cross-section.
  • This is made with a plastic film 3 with shortened broad side edges 6a, 6b.
  • the open tube jacket 13 is in Figure 8b the inner cross-section of the antenna protection hood 11 inscribed in such a way that, when fastened, only one of the two longitudinal side edges 7a meets only one of the cross-sectional sides at contact points 27 at the fastening line 44 at the height h1.
  • the flat roof capacity 15 has reached the end 50 of the plastic film 3.
  • the invention therefore provides for maintaining the shape of a cone for the monopole broadband antenna 18 to be formed in the shape of a pyramid standing on top , the rectangular plastic film 3 - as in Figure 10 shown - to expand on both sides by a first further conductive triangular structure 40 and attached to this by a second further triangular structure 40a.
  • the expansion takes place in such a way that the triangular structure 40a is attached via a common connecting side 49 in such a way and that after the design of the open film tube 8 by approximately right-angled bending of the first further conductive triangular structure 40 along the broad side edge 6a and by approximately right-angled bending of the second further triangular structure 40a along the common connecting side 49 of the two adjacent further triangular structures 40, 40a, the remaining triangular structure 20 and the second further triangular structure 40a are oriented in a V-shape to one another and the lower triangular tips 21 of all triangular structures 20, 40, 40a with the LTE antenna connection pad 32 are connected.
  • FIGS 12-14 show, by way of example, structures of combined LTE antennas 42, which can advantageously be applied to a film tube 8, that is to say with little effort. Shown in each case is the side view of a section of the film tube 8 with the structure of a combined LTE antenna 42 with LTE connection pad 32 at the base to form the antenna connection point 4 on the electrically conductive base surface 5 as a coated circuit board 22.
  • this value can in principle be achieved with an antenna height h of 6 cm.
  • the properties of the monopole antenna 14 below 1 GHz are essentially determined by its antenna height h and by the size of the flat roof capacity 15, the horizontal extent 16 of which is approximately 6 cm larger, i.e.
  • a significantly larger vertical extension 61 increases the capacitance value of the roof capacitance 15, but reduces the effective height of the monopole antenna 14, which, in contrast to the capacitance value, is included in the formation of the frequency bandwidth of this antenna as a square.
  • monopole broadband antenna for frequencies above 1Ghz 18 in Figure 12 is essentially given by the flat triangular structure 20, provided that the inductive effect of the conductor strips 17 with a narrow strip conductor width 64 for the separation of radio signals with frequencies above 1 GHz from the roof capacity 15 is sufficiently large.
  • the conductor strips 17 are provided with meander-shaped impressions 62.
  • the functional division of the combined LTE antennas 42 into the monopole antenna 14 below 1 GHz and the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18 cannot be viewed strictly. Rather, the transition between the effects is fluid and the subdivision is to be understood as a description of the main effects in the two frequency ranges.
  • the mode of operation of the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18 located above the conductive base area 2 is essentially given by the design of the flat triangular structure 20.
  • a flat triangular structure 4 standing on its tip with a triangular opening angle 53 is provided, the tip of which is connected to the LTE antenna connection pad 32. This, together with the ground connection point on the conductive base area 5, forms the antenna connection point 4 for the combined LTE antenna 42.
  • the height of the base line of the flat triangular structure 18 above the conductive base area 5 essentially forms the effective height of the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18, by which the frequency behavior is essentially determined.
  • the height of the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz should not be greater than about 1/3 of the free space wavelength at the upper LTE frequency limit. Values between 30 and 90 degrees have proven to be favorable as triangular opening angles 12.
  • the resulting broadband triangular structure 18 makes it possible, for example, to comply with the requirement for impedance matching at the base point, the value of VSWR ⁇ 2.5 in the frequency range above 1 GHz, which is also frequently made.
  • a three-dimensional structure is formed for this, which is formed from the two-dimensional structure in the manner described above in that on the opposite side of the lower end V -shaped oriented surfaces 19 of the Foil tube 8 an approximately congruent triangular structure 20 is applied, so that instead of the flat triangular structure 18, an approximately conical structure is effective.
  • the planar triangular structure 20 is provided by strip-shaped lamellae 39 converging fan-like in the lower triangle tip, as in FIG Figure 13 shown to perform.
  • an advantageously broadband, quasi-conical monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18 is simulated.
  • this is according to the invention essentially by vertically electrically conductive separated from each other, but at its upper end connected by a remaining strip 16 Roof louvers 63, as in the Figures 14 and 15th shown, executed.
  • FIG. 15 In the semi-perspective side view of a section of the foil tube 8; (dash-dotted) in Fig. 15 are the structures of the in Figure 14 LTE antenna 42 shown, however, is applied to only one of the two sides of the tube jacket 13 - the front tube jacket 65.
  • a further rectangular structure 69 that is parallel to the roof capacity 15 at a minimum distance 68 and is capacitively coupled to the roof capacity 15 .
  • this rectangular structure 69 via a further conductor strip 67 (dash-dotted line) to the ground connection 24 on the conductive base plate 5 gives the monopole antenna an expansion of the frequency bandwidth at the lower end of the frequency band below 1 GHz.
  • the further rectangular structure 69 is arranged at a minimum distance 68 essentially parallel to the first rectangular structure 16 and the further conductor strip 67 is designed with high resistance for frequencies above 1 GHz by choosing a sufficiently small strip conductor width 64 and by meandering features 62.
  • the roof capacity 15 and the further rectangular structure 69 can be chosen differently in size. By choosing a suitable minimum distance 68 in connection with the horizontal extent of the further rectangular structure 69, the expansion of the frequency range at the lower end of the LTE frequency band can be optimized.
  • the capacitive coupling of the longitudinally extended conductor structure 16 of the roof capacitance 15 with the further rectangular structure 69 connected to the ground 5 is particularly helpful.
  • a combination antenna in which, however, to further increase the effect of the roof capacity 15 at a height h2 above the base plate 5 above the height h1, on the cross-sectional sides opposite to the cross-sectional center line 48, there is a further bending line 9 with contact on the inner antenna protective hood 11 and a corresponding one Bending angle 35 is selected in such a way that a mansard roof-shaped design of the structure for the flat roof capacity 15 is achieved.
  • a combination antenna in which, to compensate for the omission of one of the two V-shaped triangular structures 20 to approximate the conical character of an LTE upper band antenna 31 to at least one of the longitudinal ends of the folded body 8, the flat plastic film 3 along the broad side edge, serving as a starting point 6a is expanded by a first further conductive triangular structure 40 and to this a second further triangular structure 40a is attached via a common connecting side 49 in such a way that after the open folding body 8 has been formed by bending the first further conductive triangular structure 40 at right angles along the broad side edge 6a and by bending the second further triangular structure 40a at right angles along the common connecting side 49 of the two further triangular structures 40, 40a attached to one another, the remaining triangular structure 20 and the second further triangular structure 40a are oriented in a V-shape to one another and which lower triangular tips 21 of all triangular structures 20, 40, 40a are connected to the LTE antenna connection pad 32.
  • a combination antenna in which, to approximate a conical character of an LTE upper band antenna 31 with LTE antenna connection pad 32, a conductive triangular structure 40 connected to the LTE antenna connection pad 32 is provided at one of the longitudinal ends of the folded body 8, so that after bending the conductive triangular structure 40 along a broad side edge 6a, two opposing conductive triangular structures 20 are supplemented by the further conductive triangular structure 40 in the sense of a cone simulation.
  • a combination antenna in which, however, the structures for the design of the LTE antenna 42 are applied to one of the two sides of the tube jacket 13 and to support the frequency range below 1 GHz on the opposite side of the tube jacket 13 to the roof capacity 15 at a minimum distance 68 im
  • a substantially rectangular further structure 69 which is parallel to the roof capacitance 15 and is capacitively coupled to it, which is connected to a further conductor strip 67 which is high-resistance for frequencies above 1 GHz and is provided with a connection pad 23 at its lower end to form a ground connection 24 is.

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EP4092914A1 (fr) 2021-05-19 2022-11-23 Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH Antennes couplées au rayonnement en réseau
DE102022000604A1 (de) 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Heinz Lindenmeier Strahlungsgekoppelte Antennen mit Netzwerk

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JP7494121B2 (ja) * 2018-09-28 2024-06-03 株式会社ヨコオ 車載アンテナ装置

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US20160104932A1 (en) * 2013-06-21 2016-04-14 Laird Technologies, Inc. Multiband mimo vehicular antenna assemblies
DE102014013926A1 (de) * 2014-09-21 2016-03-24 Heinz Lindenmeier Mehrstruktur-Breitband-Monopolantenne für zwei durch eine Frequenzlücke getrennte Frequenzbänder im Dezimeterwellenbereich für Fahrzeuge
DE102016123369A1 (de) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-08 Hirschmann Car Communication Gmbh Dachantenne mit direkter Kontaktierung einer Antennenfolie zu einer Leiterplatte

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DE102021203543B3 (de) 2021-04-09 2022-08-25 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH Antennenvorrichtung für eine Mobilfunkeinrichtung
WO2022214147A1 (fr) 2021-04-09 2022-10-13 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH Dispositif d'antenne pour dispositif radio mobile
EP4092914A1 (fr) 2021-05-19 2022-11-23 Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH Antennes couplées au rayonnement en réseau
DE102022000604A1 (de) 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Heinz Lindenmeier Strahlungsgekoppelte Antennen mit Netzwerk
US12040537B2 (en) 2021-05-19 2024-07-16 Fuba Automotive Electronics Gmbh Radiation coupled antennas with network

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EP3734755B1 (fr) 2023-05-17
US11095020B2 (en) 2021-08-17
DE102020001427A1 (de) 2020-10-29

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