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EP3715631B1 - Method for operating a dosing pump - Google Patents

Method for operating a dosing pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3715631B1
EP3715631B1 EP20162562.1A EP20162562A EP3715631B1 EP 3715631 B1 EP3715631 B1 EP 3715631B1 EP 20162562 A EP20162562 A EP 20162562A EP 3715631 B1 EP3715631 B1 EP 3715631B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
sieve
occupancy
fluid
preheating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20162562.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3715631A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Keefer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102019109384.8A external-priority patent/DE102019109384A1/en
Application filed by Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3715631A1 publication Critical patent/EP3715631A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3715631B1 publication Critical patent/EP3715631B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06Control using electricity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/20Filtering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/04Motor parameters of linear electric motors
    • F04B2203/0401Current
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/04Motor parameters of linear electric motors
    • F04B2203/0402Voltage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/11Outlet temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a metering pump, which can be used, for example, to deliver liquid fuel to the burner area of a vehicle heater used, for example, as an auxiliary heater or auxiliary heater.
  • Such a metering pump for delivering liquid fuel to a burner area of a vehicle heater is from DE 10 2004 034 231 A1 known.
  • a fluid inlet area of this known metering pump comprises a screen through which the liquid fuel flowing to a pump chamber of the metering pump must flow. Contamination particles contained in the fuel are caught by the sieve and kept away from the area of a fuel pump, for example gasoline or diesel.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is from DE 37 29 938 C1 known.
  • an electromagnet coil arrangement that can also be operated as a pump element drive is excited in a heating mode in order to dissolve paraffin deposits in a sieve arranged in the fluid inlet area by the resulting heat.
  • the EP 0 116 419 A2 and the DE 10 2010 028 736 A1 each disclose a method for operating a fuel pump, in which an electromagnet coil arrangement to be operated as a pump member drive is operated at low temperature in order to preheat the fuel to be delivered by the fuel pump.
  • a method for operating a metering pump in particular a fuel metering pump in a vehicle heater, according to claim 1.
  • the metering pump comprises a pump chamber that can be filled with fluid to be delivered via a fluid inlet area, a pump member that can be moved from the pump chamber to deliver fluid via a fluid outlet area and a pump element drive associated with the pump element and having an electromagnetic coil arrangement, in which method in a pump preheating operation a pump preheating voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil arrangement during a pump preheating phase.
  • the fluid inlet area has a screen through which the fluid flowing to the pump chamber can flow.
  • the pump preheating operation is carried out when a screen occupancy indicator indicates reduced flow through the screen.
  • a screen occupancy indicator is determined on the basis of a pump current flowing through the coil arrangement during pump operation of the metering pump when the pump voltage is applied to the metering pump.
  • a covering of the filter arranged upstream of the pump chamber, for example with paraffin, means that the movement behavior of the Pump element is changed when the pump voltage is applied during pumping operation in relation to an operating state in which the fluid to be pumped can flow unhindered in the direction of the pump chamber. Due to the interaction of the pump element with the magnetic field generated in the electromagnet coil arrangement, this changed movement behavior of the pump element influences the electric current flowing in the electromagnet coil arrangement when the pump voltage is applied. The electrical current flowing when the pump voltage is applied can thus be used as an indicator for excessive loading of the sieve, which triggers the changed movement behavior of the pump element.
  • the present invention makes use of the fact that the pump element is to be driven to move by an electromagnet coil arrangement and that the application of an electrical voltage to a coil of such an electromagnet coil arrangement leads to heating of the coil due to the electrical resistance.
  • a voltage is applied intermittently, so that during each work cycle, the interaction of the pump element generated when the voltage is applied and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet coil arrangement creates a force that moves the pump element in one direction, while the movement in the opposite direction takes place in the Generally triggered by a bias spring.
  • the paraffin liquefied during pump preheating operation and initially still present in the area of the screen is conveyed with the fluid then conveyed through the pump chamber to the fluid outlet area.
  • a substantially constant pump preheating voltage be applied to the coil arrangement during the pump preheating phase.
  • a substantially constant pump preheating voltage can be provided, for example, as a DC voltage with a predetermined, possibly variable, voltage level.
  • a substantially constant pump preheating voltage can also be provided by applying a clocked pump preheating voltage, for example with a preheating duty cycle, during the pump preheating phase.
  • a DC voltage clocked for example, with the preheating duty cycle over a longer period of time, namely the pump preheating phase
  • an average voltage applied thereto is generated in the same way in the area of the electromagnet coil arrangement, which due to the fact that during the pump preheating phase over a longer period of time, leads to a significant heating of the dosing pump and thus also the sieve provided therein.
  • a sieve occupancy indicator can be determined on the basis of a development of the combustion temperature in a burner area fed with fuel by the metering pump before a flameout.
  • An increasing covering of a sieve with paraffin results in a decreasing supply of fuel to the fed burner area with constant operation of the metering pump.
  • a reduced supply of fuel leads to poorer combustion or less heat being released during combustion, so that the combustion temperature decreases as a sieve becomes increasingly covered with paraffin. If the occupancy is so high that there is no longer sufficient fuel supply for stable combustion possible, flame failure occurs. Such a flameout manifests itself in a spontaneous decrease in temperature in the region of a combustion chamber or in the exhaust gas flow path.
  • a sieve occupancy indicator can be determined on the basis of an operating time of the dosing pump. For this purpose, for example, the operating time of the dosing pump since the last execution of a pump preheating operation can be recorded. If a certain operating time limit is reached, this can be used as an indicator that, due to the amount of fluid conveyed over this operating time, there is a very high probability that a sieve has become or is expected to become clogged with paraffin and therefore before the next implementation of a Pump operation is first to carry out a pump preheating operation.
  • a stop time of the pump element is determined, and that the stop time is compared with a screen occupancy reference stop time, with a stop time lying before the screen occupancy reference stop time indicating a reduced flowability of the screen indicated. If the pumping element moves against too little resistance due to a lack of supply of fluid to be pumped, this leads to a movement that is too fast and therefore the pumping element hitting a movement stop assigned to it too early. The excessively rapid movement of the pump element can thus be evaluated as an indicator of insufficient resistance and thus of insufficient supply of the fluid to be pumped.
  • Covering the screen with paraffin is a continuous process which builds up over a period of minutes, for example, and will generally not lead to a spontaneous change in the amount of fluid flowing through the screen.
  • This expected continuous decrease in the amount of fluid passing through the sieve as the occupancy builds up can thus be evaluated to the effect that a combustion temperature falling essentially continuously over a sieve occupancy reference period before a flameout indicates a reduced flowability of the sieve.
  • an operating time of the metering pump can also be compared with a sieve occupancy reference operating time, and it can be assumed that the sieve occupancy reference operating time excessive operating time of the dosing pump indicates a reduced flow through the sieve. It is thus assumed and not verified by any evaluation measures that the target is coated with paraffin, so that in such a state a pump preheating operation can be carried out as a precaution.
  • a screen occupancy indicator can therefore be determined based on an ambient temperature.
  • the ambient temperature around the dosing pump can be compared with a screen occupancy reference ambient temperature, with an ambient temperature above the screen occupancy reference ambient temperature indicating sufficient flowability of the screen.
  • a pump preheating operation can be carried out before the next pumping operation of the metering pump in order to ensure a sufficient supply of fluid to the metering pump. If at least one screen occupancy indicator shows that the screen has sufficient flowability or that the screen can be assumed to have sufficient flowability, which can also mean that a reduced flowability of the screen that may be indicated by one or more other screen occupancy indicators is most likely not due to a Occupancy with paraffin is due, preferably before the next pumping operation of the metering pump, no pump preheating operation is carried out, since this is either not necessary or could not eliminate a condition leading to reduced permeability of the sieve.
  • this can be used in a particularly advantageous manner to dispense with performing a pump preheating operation when various circumstances indicate excessive loading of the sieve or indicate circumstances that make it appear necessary to carry out a pump preheating operation
  • the ambient temperature lying above the screen occupancy reference ambient temperature indicates that the screen is most likely not excessively covered with paraffin or is not the cause of a lack of flow through the screen, which may be indicated by other indicators, or the lack of inflow of fluid to be conveyed to the dosing pump is.
  • a screen occupancy warning can be generated, for example, which indicates a problem in the fluid supply to a user.
  • the procedure can be such that if at least one screen occupancy indicator indicates a reduced flowability of the screen, no pump preheating operation is carried out if the ambient temperature above the screen occupancy reference ambient temperature indicates sufficient flowability of the screen.
  • the pump preheating operation is performed such that the pumping operation is started substantially immediately after the pump preheating operation is completed. This means that there is no significant period of time between the end of the pump preheating operation and the start of the pumping operation during which liquefied paraffin can solidify again due to the cooling that then occurs again in the pump preheating operation.
  • the pump housing is surrounded by insulating material at least in the region of the electromagnet coil arrangement.
  • At least two insulating material bodies be provided which surround the pump housing in the manner of a ring.
  • a body of insulating material that at least partially surrounds the fluid inlet area can be held on the pump housing by a fluid supply line that is to be connected to the fluid inlet area.
  • the fluid inlet area can have a fluid flow channel leading to the screen. If it is provided that the fluid flow channel opens into a flow calming chamber arranged upstream of the screen with a flow cross section that is larger in relation to a flow cross section in the fluid flow channel, the cutting of in the fluid flow channel to be conveyed Fluid entrained paraffin is already supported in this area of the flow calming chamber due to the flow calming occurring upstream of the screen, so that the risk of the screen being covered with paraffin is reduced. Since the area of the flow calming chamber is also heated in the pump preheating mode, paraffin that is deposited there is also liquefied again and conveyed through the pump in the subsequent pumping mode.
  • the pump member can include a pump piston that can be moved back and forth in the pump chamber in the direction of a pump longitudinal axis.
  • the present invention is hereinafter described with reference to the attached 1 described in detail, which shows a dosing pump in principle-like longitudinal section representation.
  • a dosing pump is generally denoted by 10 .
  • the metering pump 10 can be used, for example, to deliver liquid fuel as the fluid to be delivered from a fuel tank in the direction of a fuel-operated vehicle heater.
  • the metering pump 10 includes a fluid inlet area 12 with an inlet attachment 16 provided on a pump housing 14 .
  • a screen receiving chamber 24 is formed, in which a screen 26, for example a substantially cup-shaped screen, is accommodated.
  • a fluid flow channel 28 is formed in the inlet connector part 18, in which the liquid fuel supplied via the fuel line 20 can enter.
  • a settling chamber 30 is formed in the inlet connector part 18 adjoining the fluid flow channel 28, which has a significantly enlarged flow cross section with respect to a flow cross section in the fluid flow channel 28, so that upstream of the screen 26 there is a reduction in the flow speed of the liquid flowing through the fluid flow channel 28 fluid flowing through, for example fuel, and thus a calming of the flow is generated.
  • a pump chamber 32 which is only shown in a basic manner.
  • a pump element 34 is accommodated in the pump chamber 32 in such a way that it can be moved back and forth in the direction of a longitudinal axis A of the pump.
  • the pumped fluid expelled from the pump chamber 32 by the movement of the pump member 34 is pumped via a fluid outlet area 36 to the system area to be supplied with the fluid, ie for example the burner area of a vehicle heater.
  • a check valve can be provided in the flow area upstream of the pump chamber 32 and in the flow area downstream of the pump chamber 32, which allows a flow in the direction of the pump chamber 32 in the flow area upstream of the pump chamber 32 and in the flow area downstream the Pump chamber 32 lying flow area allows a flow only out of the pump chamber 32 out.
  • the pumping element 34 comprises a pumping piston 38 and an armature 40 connected to it or provided by it.
  • a pumping element drive 42 which has an electromagnetic coil arrangement 44 with at least one by applying an electrical voltage for generating a magnetic field excitable coil is provided.
  • the interaction with the armature 40 generated when a magnetic field is generated generates a force that moves the pump piston 38 to eject fluid from the pump chamber 32 .
  • a pump voltage is intermittently applied to the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 in order to carry out a clocked pump operation.
  • This can be over a control arrangement 46 which has a control interaction with the metering pump 10 .
  • the control arrangement 46 can include a microprocessor or the like, for example, and in coordination with the operation of a vehicle heater, for example, activate the metering pump 10 to carry out the pumping operation or apply a corresponding pump voltage to the electromagnet coil arrangement.
  • the pump voltage applied by the control arrangement 46 to the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 can be a clocked voltage, i.e.
  • a voltage provided with a predetermined pulse duty factor, with a clock frequency in the kHz range so that during a pumping period for moving the pump piston 38 for ejecting fluid from the pump chamber 32 serving discharge stroke the pump voltage is applied with the predetermined duty cycle, while for a suction or intake stroke, ie during the return movement of the pump piston 38, no voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil assembly.
  • the structural measures provided with regard to the structural design of the metering pump 10 for conducting the fluid to be pumped into the pump chamber 32 and for ejecting fluid from the pump chamber 32, the metering pump 10 in 1 is only shown in principle.
  • a wide variety of flow guides known from the prior art can be provided, which allow the fluid to be pumped to flow over the sieve 26 in the direction of the pump chamber 32 .
  • the screen 26 serves to prevent particles carried along in the pumped fluid from reaching the area of the pump chamber 32 and the pump piston 38 .
  • this fuel such as. B. petrol or diesel
  • this fuel such as. B. petrol or diesel
  • the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 is continuously excited in a pump preheating operation during a pump preheating phase. This can be done by applying a DC voltage to the electromagnet coil arrangement, or by applying a voltage provided with a pulse duty factor, for example clocked in the kHz range, which when applied over a longer period of time also builds up an average voltage on the electromagnet Coil assembly voltage applied leads. By applying such a voltage to the electromagnet coil arrangement, the electromagnet coil arrangement and thus also the pump housing 14 carrying it are gradually heated due to the electrical resistance.
  • the heat absorbed in the pump housing 14 is also transferred to the screen 26 and any paraffin that may have precipitated thereon.
  • such paraffin is thus melted in the area of the screen 26 and possibly also in the area of the flow calming chamber 30 . If, after the end of the pump preheating operation, the pump operation is then started without any substantial delay, for example immediately afterwards, such paraffin is still liquefied and is conveyed with the fluid then conveyed, e.g. fuel, through the sieve 26 and also the pump chamber 32 and out of the Metering pump 10 ejected.
  • the pump housing 14 is surrounded on the outside by insulating material 48 .
  • two insulating material bodies 50, 52 are provided which surround the pump housing 14 and also the inlet extension 16 and the inlet connector part 18 in a ring-like manner. These can be constructed, for example, with rubber-like or foam-like material, which prevent or reduce the release of heat to the outside.
  • the two insulating material bodies 50, 52 can be provided axially abutting one another. An axial falling of the insulating material body 50, in the representation of 1 to the left can be prevented in that the pump housing 40 is designed to widen radially outwards in its axial end facing the fluid outlet area 36 . A movement of the insulating material body 52 in the Another axial direction can be prevented by the fuel line 20 blocking the insulating material body 52 against movement axially after the fuel line 20 has been pushed onto the inlet connection piece 22 .
  • the excitation of the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 in the preheating operating phase takes place over such a long period of time with an approximately constant voltage, which is significantly longer than an excitation interval to be provided for moving the pump piston to expel fluid from the pump chamber 32 during the pump operation.
  • the pump piston 38 moves with a movement frequency in the range of a few Hz, which means that a few excitation time intervals occur per second, during which the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 for moving the pump piston 38 is excited by applying a voltage clocked in the KHz range, for example .
  • the electrical current flowing during such a pump operation is monitored by the control arrangement 46 and used as an indicator of whether or to what extent the screen 26 is occupied.
  • An increasing loading of the screen 26 results in less fluid flowing in the direction of the pump chamber 32 with each intake stroke of the pump piston 38 than in a state in which the screen 26 is not covered with impurities or paraffin.
  • the pump piston 38 will move faster and thus come to rest earlier on a movement stop 54 provided for the pump piston 38 with each work cycle.
  • the spontaneous ending of the movement of the pump piston 38 that occurs in this case leads to a significant change in the current flowing in the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 due to the interaction of the armature 40 with the magnetic field of the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 .
  • a detection of the stop time of a pump piston is, for example, from DE 10 2005 024 858 A1 known.
  • a screen occupancy reference stop time can be specified for the movement of the pump piston 38 . If it is recognized that the pump piston 38 has reached the movement stop 54 before the sieve occupancy reference stop time, i.e. too early, this can be used as an indicator of a too fast movement of the pump piston 38 and thus a movement of the pump piston 38 against too little resistance.
  • the combustion temperature can be monitored in a burner area fed with fuel by the metering pump 10, for example of a vehicle heater.
  • flame monitors designed as temperature sensors can be used in the area of a combustion chamber or in the exhaust gas flow.
  • An increasing covering of the screen 26 with paraffin results in a reduction in the amount of fuel conveyed per unit of time if the pumping operation continues unchanged. This in turn causes a worse one Combustion or a lower amount of heat released per unit of time in the burner area and therefore a decreasing combustion temperature. Excessive occupancy and correspondingly low fuel passage can lead to flame failure.
  • a sieve coverage reference period preceding the flameout is then evaluated with regard to the development of the combustion temperature and it is determined that the combustion temperature has continuously decreased over a period of, for example, a few minutes, this can be used as an indicator of an increasing or, in the end, excessive coverage of the Sieve 26 with paraffin can be used.
  • the pump preheating operation can first be carried out in order to first melt the paraffin that has precipitated in the sieve 26 and then eject it from the dosing pump 10 in the subsequent pumping operation.
  • the operating time of the metering pump 10 for example, since the last time a pump preheating operation was carried out, can be used as an indicator for the covering of the sieve 26 with paraffin, since it is to be expected that the sieve has flowed through for a predetermined period of time, which exceeds a sieve occupancy reference operating period 26 with fuel has led to a covering with paraffin which has to be eliminated.
  • the pump preheating operation can then be carried out before the next pump operation is carried out.
  • the temperature in the vicinity of the metering pump 10 can be recorded and compared to a sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature. If, for a reference period of, for example, one or more hours before the metering pump was started up, the ambient temperature was above the sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature in the range of, for example, around 0°C, this can be taken as an indicator that the paraffin contained in a fuel is still liquefied and has not been deposited on the sieve 26 or that any paraffin previously deposited there has melted again.
  • a Reduced flowability of the sieve 26 with paraffin is not to be expected, so that even if other indicators point to a reduced flowability of the sieve 26, it is not necessary to carry out a pump preheating operation to melt paraffin or the circumstance which the throughflow of the sieve impaired, could not eliminate, since solids that may have been entrained in the fuel have led to the sieve 26 becoming occupied.
  • a warning signal can then be generated, for example, to inform a user that there is a problem with the supply of fuel to the metering pump.
  • all the sieve occupancy indicators described above can be used to trigger a pump preheating operation. Whenever any of these screen loading indicators indicate that excessive loading of the screen 26 has occurred or is expected to occur, a pump warm-up operation may be performed prior to a pumping operation. However, if one of the indicators shows that the reduced permeability of the sieve 26 is most likely not due to a coating of paraffin, a preheating operation of the metering pump 10 can be dispensed with, despite the fact that other indicators show a coating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Electromagnetic Pumps, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Dosierpumpe, welche beispielsweise dazu eingesetzt werden kann, flüssigen Brennstoff zum Brennerbereich eines beispielsweise als Zuheizer oder Standheizung eingesetzten Fahrzeugheizgeräts zu fördern.The present invention relates to a method for operating a metering pump, which can be used, for example, to deliver liquid fuel to the burner area of a vehicle heater used, for example, as an auxiliary heater or auxiliary heater.

Eine derartige Dosierpumpe zum Fördern von flüssigem Brennstoff zu einem Brennerbereich eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts ist aus der DE 10 2004 034 231 A1 bekannt. Ein Fluideinlassbereich dieser bekannten Dosierpumpe umfasst ein Sieb, durch welches der zu einer Pumpenkammer der Dosierpumpe strömende flüssige Brennstoff hindurchströmen muss. Durch das Sieb werden im Brennstoff enthaltene Verunreinigungspartikel aufgefangen und aus dem Bereich eines den Brennstoff, zum Beispiel Benzin oder Diesel, fördernden Pumporgans ferngehalten.Such a metering pump for delivering liquid fuel to a burner area of a vehicle heater is from DE 10 2004 034 231 A1 known. A fluid inlet area of this known metering pump comprises a screen through which the liquid fuel flowing to a pump chamber of the metering pump must flow. Contamination particles contained in the fuel are caught by the sieve and kept away from the area of a fuel pump, for example gasoline or diesel.

Insbesondere bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen besteht die Gefahr, dass im Brennstoff enthaltenes Paraffin sich im Bereich des Siebs niederschlägt und dieses allmählich belegt. Bei übermäßig starker Belegung des Siebs besteht die Gefahr, dass die Dosierpumpe mangels ausreichender Zuströmung von zu förderndem Brennstoff nicht mehr korrekt arbeitet, d.h. bei jedem Arbeitstakt eine zu geringe Menge an zu förderndem Brennstoff ausgestoßen wird. Eine Vergrößerung der Maschenweite des Siebs derart, dass die Gefahr der Belegung mit Paraffin ausgeschlossen werden kann, bringt das Problem mit sich, dass auch im Brennstoff enthaltene feste Verunreinigungspartikel das Sieb durchdringen können und den Betrieb des Pumporgans beeinträchtigen können.Particularly at low ambient temperatures, there is a risk that the paraffin contained in the fuel will condense in the area of the screen and gradually cover it. If the sieve is excessively occupied, there is a risk that the dosing pump will no longer work correctly due to a lack of sufficient inflow of fuel to be pumped, i.e. too little fuel to be pumped will be ejected with each work cycle. Increasing the mesh size of the sieve in such a way that the risk of paraffin coating can be ruled out entails the problem that solid contaminant particles contained in the fuel can also penetrate the sieve and impair the operation of the pump element.

Ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der DE 37 29 938 C1 bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird insbesondere im Winterbetrieb, also bei niedriger Umgebungstemperatur, eine auch als Pumporganantrieb zu betreibende Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung in einem Heizbetrieb erregt, um durch die dabei entstehende Wärme Ablagerungen von Paraffin in einem im Fluideinlassbereich angeordneten Sieb aufzulösen.A method according to the preamble of claim 1 is from DE 37 29 938 C1 known. In this method, particularly in winter operation, ie at low ambient temperatures, an electromagnet coil arrangement that can also be operated as a pump element drive is excited in a heating mode in order to dissolve paraffin deposits in a sieve arranged in the fluid inlet area by the resulting heat.

Die EP 0 116 419 A2 und die DE 10 2010 028 736 A1 offenbaren jeweils ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kraftstoffpumpe, bei welchem bei niedriger Temperatur eine als Pumporganantrieb zu betreibende Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung betrieben wird, um den durch die Kraftstoffpumpe zu fördernden Kraftstoff vorzuwärmen.The EP 0 116 419 A2 and the DE 10 2010 028 736 A1 each disclose a method for operating a fuel pump, in which an electromagnet coil arrangement to be operated as a pump member drive is operated at low temperature in order to preheat the fuel to be delivered by the fuel pump.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Dosierpumpe vorzusehen, mit welchem der Gefahr einer übermäßigen Belegung eines im Fluideinlassbereich der Dosierpumpe angeordneten und von gefördertem Fluid zu durchströmenden Siebs mit Paraffin gemindert ist.It is the object of the present invention to provide a method for operating a dosing pump, with which the risk of an excessive covering of a sieve arranged in the fluid inlet area of the dosing pump and through which pumped fluid flows through with paraffin is reduced.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Dosierpumpe, insbesondere Brennstoffdosierpumpe in einem Fahrzeugheizgerät, gemäß Anspruch 1. Die Dosierpumpe umfasst eine über einen Fluideinlassbereich mit zu förderndem Fluid füllbare Pumpenkammer, ein zum Fördern von Fluid über einen Fluidauslassbereich aus der Pumpenkammer bewegbares Pumporgan und einen dem Pumporgan zugeordneten Pumporganantrieb mit einer Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung, bei welchem Verfahren in einem Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb während einer Pumpenvorwärmphase eine Pumpenvorwärmspannung an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung angelegt wird.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for operating a metering pump, in particular a fuel metering pump in a vehicle heater, according to claim 1. The metering pump comprises a pump chamber that can be filled with fluid to be delivered via a fluid inlet area, a pump member that can be moved from the pump chamber to deliver fluid via a fluid outlet area and a pump element drive associated with the pump element and having an electromagnetic coil arrangement, in which method in a pump preheating operation a pump preheating voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil arrangement during a pump preheating phase.

Der Fluideinlassbereich weist ein von dem zur Pumpenkammer strömenden Fluid zu durchströmendes Sieb auf. Der Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb wird dann durchgeführt, wenn ein Siebbelegungsindikator eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert.The fluid inlet area has a screen through which the fluid flowing to the pump chamber can flow. The pump preheating operation is carried out when a screen occupancy indicator indicates reduced flow through the screen.

Ein Siebbelegungsindikator wird erfindungsgemäß auf der Grundlage eines in einem Pumpenbetrieb der Dosierpumpe bei an die Dosierpumpe angelegter Pumpspannung durch die Spulenanordnung fließenden Pumpstroms ermittelt. Eine Belegung des stromaufwärts der Pumpenkammer angeordneten Siebs beispielsweise mit Paraffin führt dazu, dass das Bewegungsverhalten des Pumporgans bei im Pumpbetrieb anliegender Pumpspannung im Verhältnis zu einem Betriebszustand, in welchem das zu fördernde Fluid ungehindert in Richtung zur Pumpenkammer strömen kann, verändert ist. Dieses veränderte Bewegungsverhalten des Pumporgans beeinflusst aufgrund der Wechselwirkung des Pumporgans mit dem in der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung erzeugten Magnetfeld den in der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung bei angelegter Pumpspannung fließenden elektrischen Strom. Der bei anliegender Pumpspannung fließende elektrische Strom kann somit als Indikator für eine das veränderte Bewegungsverhalten des Pumporgans auslösende übermäßige Belegung des Siebs herangezogen werden.According to the invention, a screen occupancy indicator is determined on the basis of a pump current flowing through the coil arrangement during pump operation of the metering pump when the pump voltage is applied to the metering pump. A covering of the filter arranged upstream of the pump chamber, for example with paraffin, means that the movement behavior of the Pump element is changed when the pump voltage is applied during pumping operation in relation to an operating state in which the fluid to be pumped can flow unhindered in the direction of the pump chamber. Due to the interaction of the pump element with the magnetic field generated in the electromagnet coil arrangement, this changed movement behavior of the pump element influences the electric current flowing in the electromagnet coil arrangement when the pump voltage is applied. The electrical current flowing when the pump voltage is applied can thus be used as an indicator for excessive loading of the sieve, which triggers the changed movement behavior of the pump element.

Die vorliegende Erfindung nutzt den Umstand, dass das Pumporgan durch eine Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung zur Bewegung anzutreiben ist, und dass das Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an eine Spule einer derartigen Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung aufgrund des elektrischen Widerstands zu einer Erwärmung der Spule führt. Im Pumpbetrieb wird eine derartige Spannung intermittierend angelegt, so dass während jedes Arbeitstakts durch die bei anliegender Spannung generierte Wechselwirkung des Pumporgans mit dem durch die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung erzeugten Magnetfeld eine das Pumporgan in einer Richtung bewegende Kraft entsteht, während die Bewegung in der entgegengesetzten Richtung im Allgemeinen durch eine Vorspannfeder ausgelöst wird. Durch das intermittierende Anlegen der Pumpspannung mit einer der Arbeitsfrequenz der Dosierpumpe entsprechenden Frequenz von einigen Hertz mit dazwischen liegenden spannungsfreien Intervallen, während welchen das Pumporgan beispielsweise unter der Vorspannung einer Feder wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück bewegt wird bzw. in dieser gehalten wird, wird im Betrieb eine wesentliche Erwärmung der Dosierpumpe nicht auftreten. Wird jedoch beispielsweise einem Pumpbetrieb vorangehend in der Pumpenvorwärmphase eine Pumpenvorwärmspannung kontinuierlich über einen längeren Zeitraum von beispielsweise bis zu einer oder einigen Minuten hinweg angelegt, führt dies zu einer deutlichen Erwärmung der Dosierpumpe. Dabei wird auch ein im Fluideinlassbereich angeordnetes Sieb erwärmt. Paraffin, das sich am Sieb niedergeschlagen hat, wird gleichermaßen erwärmt und dadurch wieder verflüssigt. In einem anschließend an den Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführten Pumpbetrieb wird das während des Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs verflüssigte und zunächst noch im Bereich des Siebs vorhandene Paraffin mit dem dann geförderten Fluid durch die Pumpenkammer hindurch zum Fluidauslassbereich gefördert.The present invention makes use of the fact that the pump element is to be driven to move by an electromagnet coil arrangement and that the application of an electrical voltage to a coil of such an electromagnet coil arrangement leads to heating of the coil due to the electrical resistance. In pump operation, such a voltage is applied intermittently, so that during each work cycle, the interaction of the pump element generated when the voltage is applied and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet coil arrangement creates a force that moves the pump element in one direction, while the movement in the opposite direction takes place in the Generally triggered by a bias spring. By intermittently applying the pumping voltage at a frequency of a few Hertz that corresponds to the operating frequency of the metering pump, with voltage-free intervals in between, during which the pumping element is moved back to its initial position, for example under the preload of a spring, or is held in this position, during operation significant warming of the dosing pump does not occur. However, if a pump preheating voltage is applied continuously over a longer period of time, for example up to one or a few minutes, prior to pump operation in the pump preheating phase, this leads to significant heating of the metering pump. A screen arranged in the fluid inlet area is also heated in the process. Paraffin that has settled on the sieve is heated in the same way and thereby liquefied again. In a subsequent to the Pump preheating operation carried out during pump preheating operation, the paraffin liquefied during pump preheating operation and initially still present in the area of the screen is conveyed with the fluid then conveyed through the pump chamber to the fluid outlet area.

Um im Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb eine effiziente Erwärmung erreichen zu können, wird vorgeschlagen, dass während der Pumpenvorwärmphase eine im Wesentlichen konstante Pumpenvorwärmspannung an die Spulenanordnung angelegt wird. Eine derartige im Wesentlichen konstante Pumpenvorwärmspannung kann beispielsweise als Gleichspannung mit vorgegebenem, möglicherweise variablem Spannungsniveau bereitgestellt werden.In order to be able to achieve efficient heating in the pump preheating operation, it is proposed that a substantially constant pump preheating voltage be applied to the coil arrangement during the pump preheating phase. Such a substantially constant pump preheating voltage can be provided, for example, as a DC voltage with a predetermined, possibly variable, voltage level.

Alternativ kann beispielsweise auch eine im Wesentlichen konstante Pumpenvorwärmspannung dadurch bereitgestellt werden, dass während der Pumpenvorwärmphase eine getaktete Pumpenvorwärmspannung beispielsweise mit einem Vorwärm-Tastverhältnis angelegt wird. Durch das Anlegen einer derartigen zum Beispiel mit dem Vorwärm-Tastverhältnis getakteten Gleichspannung über eine längere Zeitdauer, nämlich die Pumpenvorwärmphase hinweg wird gleichermaßen im Bereich der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung eine daran anliegende mittlere Spannung erzeugt, die aufgrund des Umstandes, dass sie während der Pumpenvorwärmphase über eine längere Zeitdauer anliegt, zu einer deutlichen Erwärmung der Dosierpumpe und somit auch des darin vorgesehenen Siebs führt.Alternatively, for example, a substantially constant pump preheating voltage can also be provided by applying a clocked pump preheating voltage, for example with a preheating duty cycle, during the pump preheating phase. By applying such a DC voltage clocked, for example, with the preheating duty cycle over a longer period of time, namely the pump preheating phase, an average voltage applied thereto is generated in the same way in the area of the electromagnet coil arrangement, which due to the fact that during the pump preheating phase over a longer period of time, leads to a significant heating of the dosing pump and thus also the sieve provided therein.

Zusätzlich kann ein Siebelegungsindikator auf der Grundlage einer vor einem Flammabbruch vorhandenen Entwicklung der Verbrennungstemperatur in einem durch die Dosierpumpe mit Brennstoff gespeisten Brennerbereich ermittelt werden. Eine zunehmende Belegung eines Siebs mit Paraffin hat bei gleichbleibendem Betrieb der Dosierpumpe eine abnehmende Zufuhr von Brennstoff zu dem gespeisten Brennerbereich zur Folge. Eine verminderte Brennstoffzufuhr führt zu einer schlechteren Verbrennung bzw. einer geringeren Freisetzung von Wärme bei der Verbrennung, so dass einhergehend mit der zunehmenden Belegung eines Siebs mit Paraffin die Verbrennungstemperatur abnimmt. Ist die Belegung so stark, dass eine ausreichende Brennstoffzufuhr für eine stabile Verbrennung nicht mehr möglich ist, kommt es zu einem Flammabbruch. Ein derartiger Flammabbruch manifestiert sich in einer spontanen Abnahme der Temperatur im Bereich einer Brennkammer oder im Abgasströmungsweg. Geht einem derartigen Flammabbruch beispielsweise über mehrere Minuten hinweg eine Abnahme der Verbrennungstemperatur voran, so kann dies als Zeichen für eine in dieser Phase aufgetretene zunehmende Belegung eines Siebs mit Paraffin sein. Die dem Flammabbruch vorhergehende Abnahme der Verbrennungstemperatur kann somit als Indikator für eine übermäßige Belegung eines Siebs herangezogen werden. Vor einem Neustart des Verbrennungsbetriebs kann dann gemäß den Prinzipien der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt werden.In addition, a sieve occupancy indicator can be determined on the basis of a development of the combustion temperature in a burner area fed with fuel by the metering pump before a flameout. An increasing covering of a sieve with paraffin results in a decreasing supply of fuel to the fed burner area with constant operation of the metering pump. A reduced supply of fuel leads to poorer combustion or less heat being released during combustion, so that the combustion temperature decreases as a sieve becomes increasingly covered with paraffin. If the occupancy is so high that there is no longer sufficient fuel supply for stable combustion possible, flame failure occurs. Such a flameout manifests itself in a spontaneous decrease in temperature in the region of a combustion chamber or in the exhaust gas flow path. If such a flame failure is preceded, for example, by a decrease in the combustion temperature over a period of several minutes, this can be a sign of an increasing covering of a sieve with paraffin that has occurred during this phase. The decrease in the combustion temperature preceding the flameout can thus be used as an indicator of excessive loading of a sieve. A pump warm-up operation may then be performed prior to restarting combustion operation in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

Ferner kann ein Siebelegungsindikator auf der Grundlage einer Betriebszeit der Dosierpumpe ermittelt werden. Hierzu kann beispielsweise die Betriebszeit der Dosierpumpe seit der letzten Durchführung eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs aufgezeichnet werden. Wird eine bestimmte Grenz-Betriebszeit erreicht, kann dies als Indikator dafür genutzt werden, dass aufgrund der über diese Betriebszeit hinweg geförderten Fluidmenge mit sehr großer Wahrscheinlichkeit eine zu beseitigende Belegung eines Siebs mit Paraffin aufgetreten ist oder zu erwarten ist und daher vor der nächsten Durchführung eines Pumpbetriebs zunächst ein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchzuführen ist.Furthermore, a sieve occupancy indicator can be determined on the basis of an operating time of the dosing pump. For this purpose, for example, the operating time of the dosing pump since the last execution of a pump preheating operation can be recorded. If a certain operating time limit is reached, this can be used as an indicator that, due to the amount of fluid conveyed over this operating time, there is a very high probability that a sieve has become or is expected to become clogged with paraffin and therefore before the next implementation of a Pump operation is first to carry out a pump preheating operation.

Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass auf der Grundlage des durch die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung fließenden Pumpstroms ein Anschlagzeitpunkt des Pumporgans bestimmt wird, und dass der Anschlagzeitpunkt mit einem Siebbelegungsreferenz-Anschlagzeitpunkt verglichen wird, wobei ein vor dem Siebbelegungsreferenz-Anschlagzeitpunkt liegender Anschlagzeitpunkt eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert. Bewegt das Pumporgan sich aufgrund mangelnder Zufuhr von zu förderndem Fluid gegen einen zu geringen Widerstand, führt dies zu einer zu schnellen Bewegung und daher einem zu frühen Anschlagen des Pumporgans an einem diesem zugeordneten Bewegungsanschlag. Die zu schnelle Bewegung des Pumporgans kann somit als Indikator für den zu geringen Widerstand und somit für eine nicht ausreichende Zufuhr des zu fördernden Fluid gewertet werden.For example, it can be provided that on the basis of the pump current flowing through the electromagnet coil arrangement, a stop time of the pump element is determined, and that the stop time is compared with a screen occupancy reference stop time, with a stop time lying before the screen occupancy reference stop time indicating a reduced flowability of the screen indicated. If the pumping element moves against too little resistance due to a lack of supply of fluid to be pumped, this leads to a movement that is too fast and therefore the pumping element hitting a movement stop assigned to it too early. The excessively rapid movement of the pump element can thus be evaluated as an indicator of insufficient resistance and thus of insufficient supply of the fluid to be pumped.

Eine Belegung des Siebs mit Paraffin ist ein kontinuierlicher Prozess, welche sich beispielsweise über Minuten hinweg aufbaut und im Allgemeinen nicht zu einer spontanen Änderung der das Sieb durchströmenden Fluidmenge führen wird. Diese erwartete kontinuierliche Abnahme der durch das Sieb hindurchtretenden Fluidmenge bei sich aufbauende Belegung kann somit dahingehend ausgewertet werden, dass eine über einen Siebbelegungsreferenz-Zeitraum vor einem Flammabriss hinweg im Wesentlichen kontinuierlich abfallende Verbrennungstemperatur eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert.Covering the screen with paraffin is a continuous process which builds up over a period of minutes, for example, and will generally not lead to a spontaneous change in the amount of fluid flowing through the screen. This expected continuous decrease in the amount of fluid passing through the sieve as the occupancy builds up can thus be evaluated to the effect that a combustion temperature falling essentially continuously over a sieve occupancy reference period before a flameout indicates a reduced flowability of the sieve.

Da grundsätzlich zu erwarten ist, dass die Belegung eines Siebs mit Paraffin ein über eine längere Zeitdauer hinweg sich entwickelnde Prozess ist, kann ferner eine Betriebszeitdauer der Dosierpumpe mit einer Siebbelegungsreferenz-Betriebszeitdauer verglichen werden, und es kann angenommen werden, dass eine die Siebbelegungsreferenz-Betriebszeitdauer übersteigende Betriebszeitdauer der Dosierpumpe eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert. Es wird somit unterstellt und nicht durch irgendwelche Auswertungsmaßnahmen verifiziert, dass eine Belegung des Ziels mit Paraffin vorhanden ist, so dass in einem derartigen Zustand vorsorglich ein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt werden kann.Since it is generally to be expected that the covering of a sieve with paraffin is a process that develops over a longer period of time, an operating time of the metering pump can also be compared with a sieve occupancy reference operating time, and it can be assumed that the sieve occupancy reference operating time excessive operating time of the dosing pump indicates a reduced flow through the sieve. It is thus assumed and not verified by any evaluation measures that the target is coated with paraffin, so that in such a state a pump preheating operation can be carried out as a precaution.

Die Gefahr, dass insbesondere in flüssigem Brennstoff enthaltenes Paraffin sich am Sieb niederschlägt besteht im wesentlichen nur, wenn vergleichsweise niedrige Temperaturen von beispielsweise unter 0°C in der Umgebung der Dosierpumpe vorhanden sind. Liegt die Temperatur in der Umgebung der Dosierpumpe über einer derartigen beispielsweise im Bereich von etwa 0°C angenommenen Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur, ist davon auszugehen, dass kein Paraffin ausfällt bzw. sich am Sieb niederschlägt. Es kann daher ein Siebbelegungsindikator auf der Grundlage einer Umgebungstemperatur ermittelt werden. Dazu kann beispielsweise die Umgebungstemperatur um die Dosierpumpe mit einer Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur verglichen werden, wobei eine über der Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur liegende Umgebungstemperatur eine ausreichende Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert. Indiziert wenigstens ein Siebbelegungsindikator eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs, kann zum Sicherstellen einer ausreichenden Zufuhr von Fluid zu der Dosierpumpe ein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb vor dem nächsten Pumpbetrieb der Dosierpumpe durchgeführt werden. Zeigt wenigstens ein Siebbelegungsindikator an, dass eine ausreichende Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs vorliegt oder vom Vorliegen einer ausreichenden Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs ausgegangen werden kann, was auch bedeuten kann, dass eine möglicherweise durch einen oder mehrere andere Siebbelegungsindikatoren angezeigte verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht auf eine Belegung mit Paraffin zurückzuführen ist, wird vorzugsweise vor dem nächsten Pumpbetrieb der Dosierpumpe kein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt, da dieser entweder nicht erforderlich ist oder einen zu einer verminderten Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs führenden Zustand nicht beseitigen könnte. Dies kann gemäß den Prinzipien der vorliegenden Erfindung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise dazu genutzt werden, auf das Durchführen eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs zu verzichten, wenn zwar verschiedene Umstände auf eine übermäßige Belegung des Siebs hindeuten oder Umstände indizieren, die die Durchführung eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs als geboten erscheinen lassen, eine über der Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur liegende Umgebungstemperatur aber anzeigt, dass eine übermäßige Belegung des Siebs mit Paraffin mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht vorliegt bzw. nicht die Ursache für eine möglicherweise durch andere Indikatoren angezeigte mangelnde Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs bzw. den mangelnden Zufluss von zu förderndem Fluid zu der Dosierpumpe ist. In diesem Falle kann beispielsweise eine Siebbelegungswarnung erzeugt werden, die einem Nutzer ein Problem in der Fluidzufuhr anzeigt.The risk of paraffin contained in particular in liquid fuel condensing on the sieve essentially only exists if comparatively low temperatures of, for example, below 0° C. are present in the vicinity of the metering pump. If the temperature in the vicinity of the dosing pump is above such an assumed screen occupancy reference ambient temperature, for example in the range of approximately 0° C., it can be assumed that no paraffin will precipitate or condense on the screen. A screen occupancy indicator can therefore be determined based on an ambient temperature. For this purpose, for example, the ambient temperature around the dosing pump can be compared with a screen occupancy reference ambient temperature, with an ambient temperature above the screen occupancy reference ambient temperature indicating sufficient flowability of the screen. If at least one screen occupancy indicator indicates a reduced permeability of the screen, a pump preheating operation can be carried out before the next pumping operation of the metering pump in order to ensure a sufficient supply of fluid to the metering pump. If at least one screen occupancy indicator shows that the screen has sufficient flowability or that the screen can be assumed to have sufficient flowability, which can also mean that a reduced flowability of the screen that may be indicated by one or more other screen occupancy indicators is most likely not due to a Occupancy with paraffin is due, preferably before the next pumping operation of the metering pump, no pump preheating operation is carried out, since this is either not necessary or could not eliminate a condition leading to reduced permeability of the sieve. According to the principles of the present invention, this can be used in a particularly advantageous manner to dispense with performing a pump preheating operation when various circumstances indicate excessive loading of the sieve or indicate circumstances that make it appear necessary to carry out a pump preheating operation However, the ambient temperature lying above the screen occupancy reference ambient temperature indicates that the screen is most likely not excessively covered with paraffin or is not the cause of a lack of flow through the screen, which may be indicated by other indicators, or the lack of inflow of fluid to be conveyed to the dosing pump is. In this case, a screen occupancy warning can be generated, for example, which indicates a problem in the fluid supply to a user.

Insbesondere kann dabei derart vorgegangen werden, dass dann, wenn wenigstens ein Siebbelegungsindikator eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert, kein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt wird, wenn die über der Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur liegende Umgebungstemperatur eine ausreichende Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs indiziert.In particular, the procedure can be such that if at least one screen occupancy indicator indicates a reduced flowability of the screen, no pump preheating operation is carried out if the ambient temperature above the screen occupancy reference ambient temperature indicates sufficient flowability of the screen.

Um zu gewährleisten, dass während eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs erwärmtes und somit auch verflüssigtes Paraffin nachfolgend durch das Sieb hindurch gefördert und aus der Dosierpumpe ausgestoßen werden kann, wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb derart durchgeführt wird, dass im Wesentlichen unmittelbar nach dem Beenden des Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs der Pumpbetrieb begonnen wird. Dies bedeutet, dass zwischen dem Beenden des Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs und dem Beginn des Pumpbetriebs keine wesentliche Zeitdauer liegt, während welcher aufgrund der dann wieder auftretenden Abkühlung im Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb verflüssigtes Paraffin sich wieder verfestigen kann.In order to ensure that during a pump preheating operation heated and thus also liquefied paraffin is subsequently conveyed through the sieve and can be ejected from the metering pump, it is proposed that the pump preheating operation is performed such that the pumping operation is started substantially immediately after the pump preheating operation is completed. This means that there is no significant period of time between the end of the pump preheating operation and the start of the pumping operation during which liquefied paraffin can solidify again due to the cooling that then occurs again in the pump preheating operation.

Bei der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zu betreibenden Dosierpumpe, insbesondere Brennstoffdosierpumpe für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät, ist das Pumpengehäuse wenigstens im Bereich der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung mit Isoliermaterial umgeben.In the case of the metering pump to be operated using the method according to the invention, in particular a fuel metering pump for a vehicle heater, the pump housing is surrounded by insulating material at least in the region of the electromagnet coil arrangement.

Durch das Umgeben des Pumpengehäuses mit Isoliermaterial wird gewährleistet, dass im Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb die durch Erregung der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung generierte Wärme weitestgehend auch zur Erwärmung der Dosierpumpe und somit auch des Siebs zur Verfügung steht und nicht zur Umgebung hin abgegeben wird.Surrounding the pump housing with insulating material ensures that during pump preheating operation the heat generated by energizing the electromagnet coil arrangement is largely available for heating the metering pump and thus also the sieve and is not released to the environment.

Um das Pumpengehäuse effizient umkapseln zu können, wird vorgeschlagen, dass wenigstens zwei das Pumpengehäuse ringartig umgebende Isoliermaterialkörper vorgesehen sind.In order to be able to encapsulate the pump housing efficiently, it is proposed that at least two insulating material bodies be provided which surround the pump housing in the manner of a ring.

Für einen besonders einfach zu realisierenden Aufbau kann ein den Fluideinlassbereich wenigstens teilweise umgebender Isoliermaterialkörper durch eine an den Fluideinlassbereich anzuschließende Fluidzuführleitung am Pumpengehäuse gehalten sein.For a structure that is particularly easy to implement, a body of insulating material that at least partially surrounds the fluid inlet area can be held on the pump housing by a fluid supply line that is to be connected to the fluid inlet area.

Der Fluideinlassbereich kann einen zu dem Sieb führenden Fluidströmungskanal aufweisen. Wenn dabei vorgesehen ist, dass der Fluidströmungskanal in eine stromaufwärts des Siebs angeordnete Strömungsberuhigungskammer mit bezüglich eines Strömungsquerschnitts im Fluidströmungskanal größerem Strömungsquerschnitt einmündet, wird das Abschneiden von in dem zu fördernden Fluid mitgeführtem Paraffin aufgrund der stromaufwärts des Siebs auftretenden Strömungsberuhigung bereits in diesem Bereich der Strömungsberuhigungskammer unterstützt, so dass die Gefahr der Belegung des Siebs mit Paraffin gemindert wird. Da auch der Bereich der Strömungsberuhigungskammer im Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb erwärmt wird, wird auch dort sich ablagerndes Paraffin wieder verflüssigt und im nachfolgenden Pumpbetrieb durch die Pumpe hindurch gefördert.The fluid inlet area can have a fluid flow channel leading to the screen. If it is provided that the fluid flow channel opens into a flow calming chamber arranged upstream of the screen with a flow cross section that is larger in relation to a flow cross section in the fluid flow channel, the cutting of in the fluid flow channel to be conveyed Fluid entrained paraffin is already supported in this area of the flow calming chamber due to the flow calming occurring upstream of the screen, so that the risk of the screen being covered with paraffin is reduced. Since the area of the flow calming chamber is also heated in the pump preheating mode, paraffin that is deposited there is also liquefied again and conveyed through the pump in the subsequent pumping mode.

Das Pumporgan kann einen der Pumpenkammer in Richtung einer Pumpenlängsachse hin und her bewegbaren Pumpenkolben umfassen.The pump member can include a pump piston that can be moved back and forth in the pump chamber in the direction of a pump longitudinal axis.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachfolgend mit Bezug auf die beiliegende Fig. 1 detailliert beschrieben, welche in prinzipartiger Längsschnitt-Darstellung eine Dosierpumpe zeigt.The present invention is hereinafter described with reference to the attached 1 described in detail, which shows a dosing pump in principle-like longitudinal section representation.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Dosierpumpe allgemein mit 10 bezeichnet. Die Dosierpumpe 10 kann beispielsweise dazu eingesetzt werden, flüssigen Brennstoff als zu förderndes Fluid aus einem Brennstofftank in Richtung zu einem brennstoffbetriebenen Fahrzeugheizgerät zu fördern.In 1 a dosing pump is generally denoted by 10 . The metering pump 10 can be used, for example, to deliver liquid fuel as the fluid to be delivered from a fuel tank in the direction of a fuel-operated vehicle heater.

Die Dosierpumpe 10 umfasst einen Fluideinlassbereich 12 mit einem an einem Pumpengehäuse 14 vorgesehenen Einlassansatz 16. Auf den Einlassansatz 16 ist ein Einlassstutzenteil 18 aufgesetzt, das einen zum Anschluss einer Brennstoffleitung 20 dienenden Einlassstutzen 22 bereitstellt. Im Einlasseinsatz 16 ist eine Siebaufnahmekammer 24 ausgebildet, in welcher ein Sieb 26, beispielsweise ein im Wesentlichen topfartig ausgebildetes Sieb, aufgenommen ist. Im Einlassstutzenteil 18 ist ein Fluidströmungskanal 28 ausgebildet, in welchem der über die Brennstoffleitung 20 zugeführte flüssige Brennstoff eintreten kann. Anschließend an den Fluidströmungskanal 28 ist im Einlassstutzenteil 18 eine Beruhigungskammer 30 ausgebildet, welche bezüglich eines Strömungsquerschnitts im Fluidströmungskanal 28 einen deutlich vergrößerten Strömungsquerschnitt aufweist, so dass stromaufwärts des Siebs 26 eine Verringerung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des durch den Fluidströmungskanal 28 hindurchströmenden Fluids, also beispielsweise Brennstoff, und damit eine Strömungsberuhigung erzeugt wird.The metering pump 10 includes a fluid inlet area 12 with an inlet attachment 16 provided on a pump housing 14 . In the inlet insert 16 a screen receiving chamber 24 is formed, in which a screen 26, for example a substantially cup-shaped screen, is accommodated. A fluid flow channel 28 is formed in the inlet connector part 18, in which the liquid fuel supplied via the fuel line 20 can enter. A settling chamber 30 is formed in the inlet connector part 18 adjoining the fluid flow channel 28, which has a significantly enlarged flow cross section with respect to a flow cross section in the fluid flow channel 28, so that upstream of the screen 26 there is a reduction in the flow speed of the liquid flowing through the fluid flow channel 28 fluid flowing through, for example fuel, and thus a calming of the flow is generated.

Im Pumpengehäuse 14 ist eine nur in prinzipieller Weise dargestellte Pumpenkammer 32 ausgebildet. In der Pumpenkammer 32 ist ein Pumporgan 34 derart aufgenommen, dass es in Richtung einer Pumpenlängsachse A hin und her bewegbar ist. Das durch die Bewegung des Pumporgans 34 aus der Pumpenkammer 32 ausgestoßene, geförderte Fluid wird über einen Fluidauslassbereich 36 zu dem mit dem Fluid zu speisenden Systembereich, also beispielsweise dem Brennerbereich eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts, gefördert. Um dabei eine definierte Förderrichtung einstellen zu können, kann im Strömungsbereich stromaufwärts der Pumpenkammer 32 und im Strömungsbereich stromabwärts der Pumpenkammer 32 jeweils ein Rückschlagventil vorgesehen sein, welches im stromaufwärts der Pumpenkammer 32 liegenden Strömungsbereich eine Strömung in Richtung zur Pumpenkammer 32 zulässt und in dem stromabwärts der Pumpenkammer 32 liegenden Strömungsbereich eine Strömung nur aus der Pumpenkammer 32 heraus zulässt.In the pump housing 14 there is a pump chamber 32 which is only shown in a basic manner. A pump element 34 is accommodated in the pump chamber 32 in such a way that it can be moved back and forth in the direction of a longitudinal axis A of the pump. The pumped fluid expelled from the pump chamber 32 by the movement of the pump member 34 is pumped via a fluid outlet area 36 to the system area to be supplied with the fluid, ie for example the burner area of a vehicle heater. In order to be able to set a defined conveying direction, a check valve can be provided in the flow area upstream of the pump chamber 32 and in the flow area downstream of the pump chamber 32, which allows a flow in the direction of the pump chamber 32 in the flow area upstream of the pump chamber 32 and in the flow area downstream the Pump chamber 32 lying flow area allows a flow only out of the pump chamber 32 out.

Das Pumporgan 34 umfasst einen Pumpenkolben 38 und einen mit diesem verbundenen oder durch diesen bereitgestellten Anker 40. Um das Pumporgan 34 in Bewegung zu versetzen, ist ein Pumporganantrieb 42 vorgesehen, welcher eine Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 mit zumindest einer durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung zur Erzeugung eines Magnetfelds erregbaren Spule vorgesehen. Durch die bei Erzeugung eines Magnetfelds generierte Wechselwirkung mit dem Anker 40 wird eine den Pumpenkolben 38 zum Ausstoßen von Fluid aus der Pumpenkammer 32 bewegende Kraft erzeugt. Die Bewegung in der entgegengesetzten Richtung, also in einer Richtung, welche die Aufnahme von zu förderndem Fluid in der Pumpenkammer 32 zulässt oder unterstützt, kann eine in der Fig. 1 nicht dargestellte und den Pumpenkolben 38 in der Darstellung der Fig. 1 nach rechts vorspannende Vorspannfeder vorgesehen sein.The pumping element 34 comprises a pumping piston 38 and an armature 40 connected to it or provided by it. In order to set the pumping element 34 in motion, a pumping element drive 42 is provided, which has an electromagnetic coil arrangement 44 with at least one by applying an electrical voltage for generating a magnetic field excitable coil is provided. The interaction with the armature 40 generated when a magnetic field is generated generates a force that moves the pump piston 38 to eject fluid from the pump chamber 32 . The movement in the opposite direction, ie in a direction that allows or supports the intake of fluid to be pumped in the pump chamber 32, a in the 1 not shown and the pump piston 38 in the representation of 1 be provided to the right biasing biasing spring.

Zur Durchführung eines getakteten Pumpbetriebs wird intermittierend eine Pumpspannung an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 angelegt. Dies kann über eine Ansteueranordnung 46 erfolgen, welche eine Ansteuerwechselwirkung mit der Dosierpumpe 10 steht. Die Ansteueranordnung 46 kann beispielsweise einen Mikroprozessor oder dergleichen umfassen und in Abstimmung auf den Betrieb beispielsweise eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts, die Dosierpumpe 10 zum Durchführen des Pumpbetriebs aktivieren bzw. eine entsprechende Pumpspannung an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung anlegen. Die durch die Ansteueranordnung 46 an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 angelegte Pumpspannung kann eine getaktete, also mit einem vorbestimmten Tastverhältnis bereitgestellte Spannung mit einer Taktfrequenz im kHz-Bereich sein, so dass während eines zum Bewegen des Pumpenkolbens 38 zum Ausstoßen von Fluid aus der Pumpenkammer 32 dienenden Ausstoßhubs die Pumpspannung mit dem vorbestimmten Tastverhältnis anliegt, während für einen Ansaug- oder Aufnahmehub, also während der Zurückbewegung des Pumpenkolbens 38, keine Spannung an der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung anliegt.A pump voltage is intermittently applied to the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 in order to carry out a clocked pump operation. This can be over a control arrangement 46 which has a control interaction with the metering pump 10 . The control arrangement 46 can include a microprocessor or the like, for example, and in coordination with the operation of a vehicle heater, for example, activate the metering pump 10 to carry out the pumping operation or apply a corresponding pump voltage to the electromagnet coil arrangement. The pump voltage applied by the control arrangement 46 to the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 can be a clocked voltage, i.e. a voltage provided with a predetermined pulse duty factor, with a clock frequency in the kHz range, so that during a pumping period for moving the pump piston 38 for ejecting fluid from the pump chamber 32 serving discharge stroke the pump voltage is applied with the predetermined duty cycle, while for a suction or intake stroke, ie during the return movement of the pump piston 38, no voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil assembly.

Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass die hinsichtlich der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung der Dosierpumpe 10 zu dem Leiten des zu fördernden Fluids in die Pumpenkammer 32 und zum Ausstoßen von Fluid aus der Pumpenkammer 32 vorgesehenen baulichen Maßnahmen die Dosierpumpe 10 in Fig. 1 nur prinzipieller Weise dargestellt ist. Hierzu können verschiedenste aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Strömungsführungen vorgesehen sein, welche das Strömen des zu fördernden Fluids über das Sieb 26 hinweg in Richtung zur Pumpenkammer 32 zulassen.It should be pointed out that the structural measures provided with regard to the structural design of the metering pump 10 for conducting the fluid to be pumped into the pump chamber 32 and for ejecting fluid from the pump chamber 32, the metering pump 10 in 1 is only shown in principle. For this purpose, a wide variety of flow guides known from the prior art can be provided, which allow the fluid to be pumped to flow over the sieve 26 in the direction of the pump chamber 32 .

Im Förderbetrieb dient das Sieb 26 dazu, zu verhindern, dass in gefördertem Fluid mitgeführte Partikel in den Bereich der Pumpenkammer 32 und des Pumpenkolbens 38 gelangen. Insbesondere bei vergleichsweise niedriger Umgebungstemperatur besteht auch die Gefahr, dass in dem zu fördernden Fluid, insbesondere dann, wenn dieses Brennstoff, wie z. B. Benzin oder Diesel, ist, enthaltenes Paraffin sich im Bereich des Siebs 26 niederschlägt und dieses allmählich belegt. Dies führt dazu, dass mit zunehmender Belegung des Siebs 26 immer weniger zu förderndes Fluid in Richtung zur Pumpenkammer 32 gelangt und somit die Gefahr besteht, dass ein geeigneter Pumpbetrieb nicht mehr durchgeführt werden kann.In pumping operation, the screen 26 serves to prevent particles carried along in the pumped fluid from reaching the area of the pump chamber 32 and the pump piston 38 . In particular, at a comparatively low ambient temperature, there is also the risk that the fluid to be pumped, especially if this fuel, such as. B. petrol or diesel, contained paraffin is reflected in the area of the screen 26 and this is gradually occupied. As a result, as the strainer 26 becomes more occupied, less and less fluid to be pumped reaches the pump chamber 32 and there is therefore a risk that a suitable pumping operation can no longer be carried out.

Um dem entgegenzuwirken, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass vor Inbetriebnahme der Dosierpumpe 10 zum Durchführen des Pumpbetriebs die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 in einem Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb während einer Pumpenvorwärmphase kontinuierlich erregt wird. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, dass eine Gleichspannung an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung angelegt wird, oder eine mit einem Tastverhältnis bereitgestellte, beispielsweise im kHz-Bereich getaktete Spannung angelegt wird, welche bei Anlegen über eine längere Zeitdauer hinweg gleichermaßen zum Aufbau einer mittleren an der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung anliegenden Spannung führt. Durch das Anlegen einer derartigen Spannung an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung wird aufgrund des elektrischen Widerstands die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung und somit auch das diese tragende Pumpengehäuse 14 allmählich erwärmt. Die im Pumpengehäuse 14 aufgenommene Wärme wird auch auf das Sieb 26 und daran möglicherweise niedergeschlagenes Paraffin übertragen. Während des Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs wird somit derartiges Paraffin im Bereich des Siebs 26 und möglicherweise auch im Bereich der Strömungsberuhigungskammer 30 aufgeschmolzen. Wird nach dem Beenden des Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs dann ohne substantielle Verzögerung, beispielsweise unmittelbar anschließend, der Pumpbetrieb aufgenommen, ist derartiges Paraffin noch verflüssigt und wird mit dem dann geförderten Fluid, also beispielsweise Brennstoff, durch das Sieb 26 und auch die Pumpenkammer 32 hindurch gefördert und aus der Dosierpumpe 10 ausgestoßen.In order to counteract this, it is provided according to the invention that before the metering pump 10 is put into operation in order to carry out the pumping operation, the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 is continuously excited in a pump preheating operation during a pump preheating phase. This can be done by applying a DC voltage to the electromagnet coil arrangement, or by applying a voltage provided with a pulse duty factor, for example clocked in the kHz range, which when applied over a longer period of time also builds up an average voltage on the electromagnet Coil assembly voltage applied leads. By applying such a voltage to the electromagnet coil arrangement, the electromagnet coil arrangement and thus also the pump housing 14 carrying it are gradually heated due to the electrical resistance. The heat absorbed in the pump housing 14 is also transferred to the screen 26 and any paraffin that may have precipitated thereon. During the pump preheating operation, such paraffin is thus melted in the area of the screen 26 and possibly also in the area of the flow calming chamber 30 . If, after the end of the pump preheating operation, the pump operation is then started without any substantial delay, for example immediately afterwards, such paraffin is still liquefied and is conveyed with the fluid then conveyed, e.g. fuel, through the sieve 26 and also the pump chamber 32 and out of the Metering pump 10 ejected.

Um die Abgabe von Wärme nach außen hin zu verhindern, ist das Pumpengehäuse 14 außen von Isoliermaterial 48 umgeben. Im dargestellten Beispiel sind zwei das Pumpengehäuse 14 bzw. auch den Einlassansatz 16 und das Einlassstutzenteil 18 ringartig umgebende Isoliermaterialkörper 50, 52 vorgesehen. Diese können beispielsweise mit gummiartigem oder schaumstoffartigem Material aufgebaut sein, welche eine Abgabe von Wärme nach außen hin unterbinden bzw. mindern. Die beiden Isoliermaterialkörper 50, 52 können axial aneinander anliegend vorgesehen sein. Ein axiales Herabfallen des Isoliermaterialkörpers 50, in der Darstellung der Fig. 1 nach links, kann dadurch verhindert werden, dass das Pumpengehäuse 40 in seinem dem Fluidauslassbereich 36 zugewandten axialen Ende sich nach radial außen erweiternd ausgebildet ist. Ein Bewegen des Isoliermaterialkörpers 52 in der anderen axialen Richtung kann dadurch verhindert werden, dass nach Aufschieben der Brennstoffleitung 20 auf den Einlassstutzen 22 die Brennstoffleitung 20 den Isoliermaterialkörper 52 axial gegen Bewegung blockiert.In order to prevent heat from being emitted to the outside, the pump housing 14 is surrounded on the outside by insulating material 48 . In the example shown, two insulating material bodies 50, 52 are provided which surround the pump housing 14 and also the inlet extension 16 and the inlet connector part 18 in a ring-like manner. These can be constructed, for example, with rubber-like or foam-like material, which prevent or reduce the release of heat to the outside. The two insulating material bodies 50, 52 can be provided axially abutting one another. An axial falling of the insulating material body 50, in the representation of 1 to the left can be prevented in that the pump housing 40 is designed to widen radially outwards in its axial end facing the fluid outlet area 36 . A movement of the insulating material body 52 in the Another axial direction can be prevented by the fuel line 20 blocking the insulating material body 52 against movement axially after the fuel line 20 has been pushed onto the inlet connection piece 22 .

Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass die Erregung der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 in der Vorwärmbetriebsphase über eine derart lange Zeitdauer mit näherungsweise konstanter Spannung erfolgt, welche deutlich länger ist, als ein zum Bewegen des Pumpenkolbens zum Ausstoßen von Fluid aus der Pumpenkammer 32 vorzusehendes Erregungsintervall während des Pumpbetriebs. Im Pumpbetrieb bewegt sich der Pumpenkolben 38 mit einer Bewegungsfrequenz im Bereich von einigen Hz, was bedeutet, dass pro Sekunde einige Erregungszeitintervalle auftreten, während welchen die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 zum Bewegen des Pumpenkolbens 38 durch Anlegen einer beispielsweise im KHz-Bereich getakteten Spannung erregt wird. Da während der Vorwärmbetriebsphase eine im Wesentlichen konstante Spannung an der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 über eine deutlich längere Zeitdauer von bis zu einer oder einigen Minuten hinweg anliegt, wird eine Hin- und Herbewegung des Pumpenkolbens 38 in dieser Phase nicht erzeugt. Lediglich bei am Beginn der Erregung der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 kann durch das dabei entstehende Magnetfeld eine den Pumpenkolben 38 in Richtung Ausstoßen vom Fluid aus der Pumpenkammer 32 beaufschlagende Kraftwirkung entstehen. Es folgt darauf jedoch kein intermittierender Hin- und Herbewegungsbetrieb des Pumpenkolbens 38. Erst nach dem Beenden des Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs kann durch intervallartiges, intermittierendes Anlegen einer Pumpspannung an die Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 der intermittierende Bewegungsbetrieb des Pumpenkolbens 38 zum intermittierenden Ausstoßen von Fluid aus der Pumpenkammer 32 gestartet werden.It should be pointed out that the excitation of the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 in the preheating operating phase takes place over such a long period of time with an approximately constant voltage, which is significantly longer than an excitation interval to be provided for moving the pump piston to expel fluid from the pump chamber 32 during the pump operation. In pump operation, the pump piston 38 moves with a movement frequency in the range of a few Hz, which means that a few excitation time intervals occur per second, during which the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 for moving the pump piston 38 is excited by applying a voltage clocked in the KHz range, for example . Since a substantially constant voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil assembly 44 over a significantly longer period of time of up to one or a few minutes during the preheating phase of operation, a reciprocating movement of the pump piston 38 is not generated in this phase. Only at the beginning of the excitation of the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 can a force acting on the pump piston 38 in the direction of ejecting fluid from the pump chamber 32 arise as a result of the resulting magnetic field. However, this is not followed by an intermittent reciprocating movement of the pump piston 38. Only after the end of the pump preheating operation can the intermittent movement operation of the pump piston 38 for intermittently ejecting fluid from the pump chamber 32 be started by applying a pump voltage to the electromagnetic coil arrangement 44 at intervals become.

Der während eines derartigen Pumpbetriebs fließende elektrische Strom wird die Ansteueranordnung 46 überwacht und als Indikator dafür genutzt, ob bzw. in welchem Ausmaß das Sieb 26 belegt ist. Eine zunehmende Belegung des Siebs 26 führt dazu, dass bei jedem Aufnahmehub des Pumpenkolbens 38 weniger Fluid in Richtung zur Pumpenkammer 32 strömt, als in einem Zustand, in welchem das Sieb 26 nicht mit Verunreinigungen oder Paraffin belegt ist. Dies führt dazu, dass bei jedem Bewegungstakt der Pumpenkolben 38 gegen einen geringeren Widerstand arbeitet und somit ein im Vergleich zu einem normalen Pumpbetrieb verändertes Bewegungsverhalten aufweisen wird. Insbesondere wird aufgrund des geringeren Widerstands der Pumpenkolben 38 sich schneller bewegen und somit bei jedem Arbeitstakt früher an einem für den Pumpenkolben 38 vorgesehenen Bewegungsanschlag 54 zur Anlage kommen. Das dabei auftretende spontane Beenden der Bewegung des Pumpenkolbens 38 führt aufgrund der Wechselwirkung des Ankers 40 mit dem Magnetfeld der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 zu einer deutlichen Änderung in dem in der Elektromagnet-Spulenanordnung 44 fließenden Strom. Eine derartige Erfassung des Anschlagzeitpunkts eines Pumpenkolbens ist beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2005 024 858 A1 bekannt. Für einen normal durchzuführenden Arbeitstakt kann für die Bewegung des Pumpenkolbens 38 ein Siebbelegungsreferenz-Anschlagzeitpunkt vorgegeben sein. Wird erkannt, dass der Pumpenkolben 38 den Bewegungsanschlag 54 vor dem Siebbelegungsreferenz-Anschlagzeitpunkt, also zu früh erreicht, kann dies als Indikator für eine zu schnelle Bewegung des Pumpenkolbens 38 und somit eine Bewegung des Pumpenkolbens 38 gegen einen zu geringen Widerstand herangezogen werden. Dies kann als Anlass für das Durchführen eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs vor der nächsten Inbetriebnahme der Dosierpumpe 10 bzw. eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts herangezogen werden. Auch kann bei Erkennen einer übermäßigen Belegung während eines Pumpbetriebs der Betrieb der Dosierpumpe 10 und damit auch der Betrieb eines beispielsweise dadurch gespeisten Heizgeräts beendet werden und zunächst ein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt werden. Ist dieser beendet, kann der Pumpbetrieb wieder aufgenommen werden und somit beispielsweise der Heizbetrieb eines brennstoffbetriebenen Fahrzeugheizgeräts fortgesetzt werden.The electrical current flowing during such a pump operation is monitored by the control arrangement 46 and used as an indicator of whether or to what extent the screen 26 is occupied. An increasing loading of the screen 26 results in less fluid flowing in the direction of the pump chamber 32 with each intake stroke of the pump piston 38 than in a state in which the screen 26 is not covered with impurities or paraffin. This causes at pump pistons 38 work against a lower resistance during each movement cycle and will therefore have a movement behavior that is different in comparison to normal pumping operation. In particular, due to the lower resistance, the pump piston 38 will move faster and thus come to rest earlier on a movement stop 54 provided for the pump piston 38 with each work cycle. The spontaneous ending of the movement of the pump piston 38 that occurs in this case leads to a significant change in the current flowing in the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 due to the interaction of the armature 40 with the magnetic field of the electromagnet coil arrangement 44 . Such a detection of the stop time of a pump piston is, for example, from DE 10 2005 024 858 A1 known. For a working cycle to be carried out normally, a screen occupancy reference stop time can be specified for the movement of the pump piston 38 . If it is recognized that the pump piston 38 has reached the movement stop 54 before the sieve occupancy reference stop time, i.e. too early, this can be used as an indicator of a too fast movement of the pump piston 38 and thus a movement of the pump piston 38 against too little resistance. This can be used as a reason for carrying out a pump preheating operation before the metering pump 10 or a vehicle heater is next put into operation. If excessive occupancy is detected during pumping operation, the operation of the metering pump 10 and thus also the operation of a heating device fed thereby, for example, can be terminated and a pump preheating operation can be carried out first. Once this has ended, the pump operation can be resumed and thus, for example, the heating operation of a fuel-operated vehicle heater can be continued.

Zusätzlich kann die Verbrennungstemperatur in einem durch die Dosierpumpe 10 mit Brennstoff gespeisten Brennerbereich beispielsweise eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts überwacht werden. Hierzu können beispielsweise als Temperatursensoren aufgebaute Flammenwächter im Bereich einer Brennkammer oder im Abgasstrom eingesetzt werden. Eine zunehmende Belegung des Siebs 26 mit Paraffin hat bei unverändert fortgesetztem Pumpbetrieb eine Verringerung der pro Zeiteinheit geförderten Brennstoffmenge zur Folge. Dies wiederum bedingt eine schlechtere Verbrennung bzw. eine geringere pro Zeiteinheit freigesetzte Wärmemenge im Brennerbereich und daher eine abnehmende Verbrennungstemperatur. Bei übermäßig starker Belegung und dementsprechend geringem Brennstoffdurchlass kann es zum Flammabriss kommen. Wird ein dem Flammabriss vorausgehender Siebbelegungsreferenz-Zeitraum hinsichtlich der Entwicklung der Verbrennungstemperatur dann ausgewertet, und wird festgestellt, dass über einen Zeitraum von beispielsweise einigen Minuten ein kontinuierlicher Abfall der Verbrennungstemperatur vorhanden war, kann dies als Indikator für eine zunehmende bzw. am Ende übermäßige Belegung des Siebs 26 mit Paraffin herangezogen werden. Vor einem Neustart der Dosierpumpe 10 bzw. eines durch diese gespeisten Heizgeräts kann dann zunächst der Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt werden, um im Sieb 26 niedergeschlagenes Paraffin zunächst aufzuschmelzen und im dann folgenden Pumpbetrieb aus der Dosierpumpe 10 auszustoßen.In addition, the combustion temperature can be monitored in a burner area fed with fuel by the metering pump 10, for example of a vehicle heater. For this purpose, for example, flame monitors designed as temperature sensors can be used in the area of a combustion chamber or in the exhaust gas flow. An increasing covering of the screen 26 with paraffin results in a reduction in the amount of fuel conveyed per unit of time if the pumping operation continues unchanged. This in turn causes a worse one Combustion or a lower amount of heat released per unit of time in the burner area and therefore a decreasing combustion temperature. Excessive occupancy and correspondingly low fuel passage can lead to flame failure. If a sieve coverage reference period preceding the flameout is then evaluated with regard to the development of the combustion temperature and it is determined that the combustion temperature has continuously decreased over a period of, for example, a few minutes, this can be used as an indicator of an increasing or, in the end, excessive coverage of the Sieve 26 with paraffin can be used. Before restarting the dosing pump 10 or a heater powered by it, the pump preheating operation can first be carried out in order to first melt the paraffin that has precipitated in the sieve 26 and then eject it from the dosing pump 10 in the subsequent pumping operation.

Auch die Betriebszeit der Dosierpumpe 10 beispielsweise seit der letzten Durchführung eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs kann als Indikator für die Belegung des Siebs 26 mit Paraffin herangezogen werden, da zu erwarten ist, dass eine über eine vorbestimmte Zeitdauer, welche eine Siebbelegungsreferenz-Betriebszeitdauer übersteigt, erfolgte Durchströmung des Siebs 26 mit Brennstoff zu einer zu beseitigenden Belegung mit Paraffin geführt hat. Es kann dann vor der nächsten Durchführung eines Pumpbetriebs zunächst der Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt werden.The operating time of the metering pump 10, for example, since the last time a pump preheating operation was carried out, can be used as an indicator for the covering of the sieve 26 with paraffin, since it is to be expected that the sieve has flowed through for a predetermined period of time, which exceeds a sieve occupancy reference operating period 26 with fuel has led to a covering with paraffin which has to be eliminated. The pump preheating operation can then be carried out before the next pump operation is carried out.

Ferner kann die Temperatur in der Umgebung der Dosierpumpe 10 erfasst und mit einer Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur verglichen werden. Lag über einen Referenzzeitraum von beispielsweise einer oder mehreren Stunden vor der Inbetriebnahme der Dosierpumpe die Umgebungstemperatur über der Siebbelegungsreferenz-Umgebungstemperatur im Bereich von beispielsweise etwa 0°C, kann dies als Indikator dafür gewertet werden, dass in einem Brennstoff enthaltenes Paraffin nach wie vor verflüssigt ist und sich am Sieb 26 nicht niedergeschlagen hat bzw. dass gegebenenfalls zuvor dort niedergeschlagenes Paraffin wieder aufgeschmolzen ist. In einem derartigen Zustand wird eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs 26 mit Paraffin nicht zu erwarten sein, so dass selbst dann, wenn andere Indikatoren auf eine verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs 26 hindeuten, die Durchführung eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs zum Aufschmelzen von Paraffin nicht erforderlich ist bzw. den Umstand, welcher die Durchströmung des Siebs beeinträchtigt, nicht beseitigen könnte, da möglicherweise im Brennstoff mitgeführte Feststoffe zu einer Belegung des Sieb 26 geführt haben. Es kann in einem derartigen Zustand dann beispielsweise ein Warnsignal erzeugt werden, um einen Nutzer darauf hinzuweisen, dass ein Problem mit der Zufuhr von Brennstoff zu Dosierpumpe besteht.Furthermore, the temperature in the vicinity of the metering pump 10 can be recorded and compared to a sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature. If, for a reference period of, for example, one or more hours before the metering pump was started up, the ambient temperature was above the sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature in the range of, for example, around 0°C, this can be taken as an indicator that the paraffin contained in a fuel is still liquefied and has not been deposited on the sieve 26 or that any paraffin previously deposited there has melted again. In such a state, a Reduced flowability of the sieve 26 with paraffin is not to be expected, so that even if other indicators point to a reduced flowability of the sieve 26, it is not necessary to carry out a pump preheating operation to melt paraffin or the circumstance which the throughflow of the sieve impaired, could not eliminate, since solids that may have been entrained in the fuel have led to the sieve 26 becoming occupied. In such a state, a warning signal can then be generated, for example, to inform a user that there is a problem with the supply of fuel to the metering pump.

Im Betrieb der Dosierpumpe 10 können alle vorangehend beschriebenen Siebbelegungsindikatoren zum Auslösen eines Pumpenvorwärmbetriebs herangezogen werden. Wann immer einer dieser Siebelegungsindikatoren indiziert, dass eine übermäßige Belegung des Siebs 26 aufgetreten ist oder zu erwarten ist, kann vor einem Pumpbetrieb ein Pumpenvorwärmbetrieb durchgeführt werden. Zeigt jedoch einer der Indikatoren an, dass die verminderte Durchströmbarkeit des Siebs 26 mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht auf eine Belegung mit Paraffin zurückzuführen ist, kann trotz des Umstandes, dass andere Indikatoren eine Belegung anzeigen, auf die Durchführung eines Vorwärmbetriebs der Dosierpumpe 10 verzichtet werden.When the metering pump 10 is in operation, all the sieve occupancy indicators described above can be used to trigger a pump preheating operation. Whenever any of these screen loading indicators indicate that excessive loading of the screen 26 has occurred or is expected to occur, a pump warm-up operation may be performed prior to a pumping operation. However, if one of the indicators shows that the reduced permeability of the sieve 26 is most likely not due to a coating of paraffin, a preheating operation of the metering pump 10 can be dispensed with, despite the fact that other indicators show a coating.

Claims (16)

  1. Method for operating a metering pump, in particular a fuel metering pump in a vehicle heater, the metering pump (10) comprising a pump chamber (32) which can be filled with fluid to be conveyed via a fluid inlet region (12), a pumping member (34) movable for conveying fluid out of the pump chamber (32) via a fluid outlet region (36), and a pumping member drive (42) associated with the pumping member (34) with an electromagnet coil arrangement (44), wherein the fluid inlet region (12) has a sieve (26) through which the fluid flowing to the pump chamber (32) is to flow, in which method a pump preheating voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil arrangement (44) in a pump preheating operation during a pump preheating phase, wherein the pump preheating operation is carried out when at least one sieve occupancy indicator indicates a reduced flowability through the sieve (26), characterized in that a sieve occupancy indicator is determined based on a pumping current flowing through the electromagnet coil arrangement (44) in a pumping operation of the metering pump (10) with a pumping voltage applied to the metering pump (10).
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that a substantially constant pump preheating voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil arrangement (44) during the pump preheating phase.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that a clocked pump preheating voltage is applied during the pump preheating phase.
  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that a stop time of the pumping member (34) is determined on the basis of the pumping current flowing through the electromagnet coil arrangement (44), and that the stop time is compared with a sieve occupancy reference stop time, wherein a stop time prior to the sieve occupancy reference stop time indicates a reduced flowability through the sieve (26).
  5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that a sieve occupancy indicator is determined on the basis of a development of the combustion temperature in a burner region fed with fuel by the metering pump (10) existing prior to a flameout, or/and that a sieve occupancy indicator is determined on the basis of an operating time of the metering pump (10), or/and that a sieve occupancy indicator is determined on the basis of an ambient temperature.
  6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a substantially continuously decreasing combustion temperature over a sieve occupancy reference period prior to a flameout indicates a reduced flowability through the sieve (26).
  7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that an operating time period of the metering pump (10) is compared to a sieve occupancy reference operating time period, and that an operating time period of the metering pump (10) exceeding the sieve occupancy reference operating time period indicates a reduced flowability through the sieve (26).
  8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that an ambient temperature around the metering pump (10) is compared to a sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature, and that an ambient temperature above the sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature indicates sufficient flowability through the sieve (26).
  9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that when at least one sieve occupancy indicator indicates a reduced flowability through the sieve (26), a pump preheating operation is carried out prior to the next pumping operation of the metering pump (10), or/and that when at least one sieve occupancy indicator indicates a sufficient flowability through the sieve (26), no pump preheating operation is carried out before the next pumping operation of the metering pump (10).
  10. Method according to claim 8 and claim 9,
    characterized in that when at least one sieve occupancy indicator indicates a reduced flowability through the sieve (26), no pump preheating operation is performed if the ambient temperature above the sieve occupancy reference ambient temperature indicates a sufficient flowability through the sieve (26).
  11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the pump preheating operation is performed such that the pumping operation is started substantially immediately after termination of the pump preheating operation.
  12. Method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the pump housing (14) is surrounded with insulating material (48) at least in the region of the electromagnet coil arrangement (44).
  13. Method according to claim 12,
    characterized in that at least two insulating material bodies (50, 52) surrounding the pump housing (14) in a ring-like manner are provided.
  14. Method according to claim 13,
    characterized in that an insulating material body (52) at least partially surrounding the fluid inlet region (12) is held on the pump housing (14) by a fluid supply line (20) to be connected to the fluid inlet region (12).
  15. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14,
    characterized in that the fluid inlet region (12) comprises a fluid flow channel (28) leading to the sieve (26), wherein the fluid flow channel (28) opens into a flow calming chamber (30) arranged upstream of the sieve (26) and has a larger flow cross-section with respect to a flow cross-section in the fluid flow channel (28).
  16. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 15,
    characterized in that the pumping member (34) comprises a pump piston (38) movable back and forth in the pump chamber (32) in the direction of a longitudinal pump axis (A).
EP20162562.1A 2019-03-27 2020-03-12 Method for operating a dosing pump Active EP3715631B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019107900 2019-03-27
DE102019109384.8A DE102019109384A1 (en) 2019-03-27 2019-04-10 Method for operating a metering pump

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EP3715631A1 EP3715631A1 (en) 2020-09-30
EP3715631B1 true EP3715631B1 (en) 2023-05-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20162562.1A Active EP3715631B1 (en) 2019-03-27 2020-03-12 Method for operating a dosing pump

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EP (1) EP3715631B1 (en)
FI (1) FI3715631T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3715631T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8302158D0 (en) * 1983-01-26 1983-03-02 Wasley R Apparatus for heating diesel engine fuel
DE3729938C1 (en) * 1987-09-07 1989-03-30 Eberspaecher J Device for conveying and preheating fuel sensitive to cold
DE102004034231B4 (en) 2004-07-15 2006-07-13 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Dosing pump e.g. fuel dosing pump, for vehicle heater has pump body whereby pump body is firmly connected to line adapter by deformation and pump body also has valve seat which is connected to line adapter
DE102005024858A1 (en) 2005-05-31 2006-12-07 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Method for operating a metering pump, in particular for conveying fuel for a vehicle heater
DE102010028736B4 (en) * 2010-05-07 2020-12-03 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Fuel supply system, in particular for a vehicle heater, and method for operating a fuel supply system

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EP3715631A1 (en) 2020-09-30
FI3715631T3 (en) 2023-06-20
PL3715631T3 (en) 2023-09-11

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