EP3692598A1 - Antenne à substrat ferromagnétique dispersif partiellement saturé - Google Patents
Antenne à substrat ferromagnétique dispersif partiellement saturéInfo
- Publication number
- EP3692598A1 EP3692598A1 EP18793251.2A EP18793251A EP3692598A1 EP 3692598 A1 EP3692598 A1 EP 3692598A1 EP 18793251 A EP18793251 A EP 18793251A EP 3692598 A1 EP3692598 A1 EP 3692598A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- dispersive
- ferrite
- magnet
- magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 title description 3
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 94
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910005887 NiSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003962 NiZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
- H01Q7/005—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with variable reactance for tuning the antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
- H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
- H01Q7/08—Ferrite rod or like elongated core
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ferromagnetic substrate antenna.
- the invention relates to an antenna with ultracompact ferromagnetic substrate in the vertical plane compared to the wavelength, which can be used in reception or transmission in the frequency bands (30-300 kHz), hectometres (0, 3-3 MHz), HF (3-30 MHz) and metric (30-300 MHz).
- the antenna is particularly suitable for example in broadband transmission systems or narrow band medium to high power conveying the information in the form of modulated signals or not and which propagate over the air.
- the antenna promotes the propagation of the wave in a preferred direction (directional antenna).
- the electrically small antennas have an impedance having a strong reactive component which does not allow their use in an effective and direct way in normal real impedance systems (typically 50 ⁇ ).
- Impedance matching of this type of antenna is often difficult and generally allows tuning only over a narrow frequency band.
- the narrow bandwidth of such an antenna is often unstable, which is particularly problematic on transmission, especially for high power applications.
- DM Pozar and V. Sanchez describe the impedance matching of a microstrip antenna with a ferrite substrate for high frequency applications, ie greater than 2.8 GHz. For this, it is described the application of a field magnetic to said substrate made of YIG G-113 ferrimagnetic type and having low losses at high frequencies. It has been found that the use of this material limits the miniaturization factor of the antenna.
- the invention aims to overcome at least some of the disadvantages of known electrically small antennas.
- the invention aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, an ultracompact vertical polarization antenna in the vertical plane and broadband that can operate on transmission.
- the invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment, an antenna providing good radiation efficiency while maintaining a wide bandwidth by stabilizing the variation of the impedance.
- the invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a directional antenna (or directional antenna).
- an antenna comprising:
- the substrate is a dispersive ferromagnetic substrate, said dispersive ferrite having, as magnetic characteristics, a high relative magnetic permeability of between 10 and 10,000 and a high tangent of magnetic losses greater than 0.1, said antenna comprising means for locally modifying the magnetic characteristics of the dispersive ferrite, so that the relative magnetic permeability and magnetic losses of the dispersive ferrite are reduced gradually and locally.
- a dispersive ferrite has high dielectric losses and / or high magnetic losses.
- the ferromagnetic dispersive substrate used in the context of the present invention consists in particular of spinel ferrite which is well suited to the manufacture of magnetic antennas with wide bandwidth and small size.
- An antenna according to the invention therefore makes it possible, thanks to the use of a partially saturated dispersive ferromagnetic (dispersive ferrite) substrate (that is to say whose magnetic losses and relative magnetic permeability are reduced locally and gradually), to ensure a good radiation efficiency while maintaining a wide bandwidth by stabilizing the variation of the impedance.
- the dispersive ferrite allows this stabilization of the impedance, but strongly reduces the radiation.
- dispersive ferrite can experience rapid heating and performance degradation in the vicinity of the Curie point during long-term, high-power emissions.
- the gradual and local modification of the characteristics of ferrite makes it possible to compensate for this radiation reduction in order to reach a suitable gain, while maintaining the stabilization of the impedance, and with a reduced heating in emission mode.
- the terms "vertical plane” and “horizontal plane” are understood by considering the antenna in its arrangement during its preferential operation in vertical polarization, the antenna can of course have a different orientation when it is not in operation and / or when the desired polarization is different (especially horizontal).
- a high relative magnetic permeability is typical of ferromagnetic materials, and is much greater than 1, in particular between 10 and 10000.
- the high tangent of magnetic losses, corresponding to high magnetic losses, is often designated by the symbol tan ⁇ whose value is greater than 0.1.
- the magnetic loss tangent corresponds to the ratio of the imaginary part to the real part of the relative magnetic permeability. The high value of these magnetic characteristics depends on the frequency used. These values are provided at the working frequency of the antenna, i.e. at a frequency in a frequency band on which the impedance matching of the antenna is performed.
- the antenna is adapted to receive or transmit at a frequency comprised in the frequency bands (30-300 kHz), MF (0.3-3 MHz), HF (3 -30 MHz) or metric (30-300 MHz).
- the maximum working frequency of the antenna is of the order of 300 MHz (ie corresponding to the upper limit of the frequency band 30 - 300 MHz).
- the high relative magnetic permeability of the dispersive ferrite makes it possible to increase the miniaturization factor of the antenna.
- the antenna illustrated in FIG. 1 has a maximum dimension of less than 0.03 ⁇ at a working frequency equal to 30 MHz ( ⁇ denoting the corresponding wavelength) or less than 0.01 ⁇ considering only the radiating metal parts of the antenna.
- the maximum dimension of the radiating part of the antenna of D1 would be limited to 0.22 ⁇ at this same working frequency.
- Such limitation is due to the fact that only the high permittivity of YIG G-113 material contributes to the size reduction of the antenna.
- the magnetic permeability and the relative permittivity of the dispersive ferrite according to the specific features of the invention both contribute to increasing the miniaturization factor of the antenna and with the feature that the contribution of the magnetic permeability is greater than that of the permittivity.
- the gradual and local modification makes it possible locally and gradually to reduce these values, in particular up to a relative magnetic permeability lower than the permeability of the ferrite, typically between 1 and 100 and always greater than 1, and a tangent of lower magnetic losses.
- the dispersive ferrite is thus non-homogeneous.
- the antenna further has a directivity in the horizontal plane, without the need to be networked with other antennas nor to resort to one or external parasitic elements.
- the non-ferrous metal forming the plates is for example copper, brass, aluminum, etc.
- the means for locally modifying the magnetic characteristics of the dispersive ferrite are a magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet), or at least one piece of material having a low relative magnetic permeability and a low loss tangent.
- the magnet is disposed on a metal plate of the antenna, preferably on the radiating portion.
- the magnet When the magnet is an electromagnet, it is powered by a DC generator, preferably variable, thus making it possible to modify the force of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, thus modifying the performance of the antenna (parameters S, gain and form of the radiation pattern).
- the gain may for example vary on command, or the impedance can be adjusted to achieve that desired in the system to which the antenna is connected, for example 50 ⁇ .
- the insert (s) of material inserted is included in the manufacture of the ferrite.
- the arrangement of the parts can be configured to achieve desired performance.
- the dispersive ferrite has a bulk in the horizontal plane greater than the bulk of the metal plates.
- the bulk of the ferrites superior to the metal plates makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the radiation. If the antenna is monopole type, this feature also increases the directivity.
- the size of the ferrites may be greater in one direction.
- the antenna comprises at least one short circuit connecting the ground plane and the radiating part, in contact with an outline of the dispersive ferrite.
- an antenna without short circuit is a monopole type antenna
- an antenna having a short circuit is a semi-open type antenna
- an antenna having a short circuit arranged opposite. the exciter at the contour of the dispersive ferrite forms a loop antenna.
- the antenna comprises a succession of dispersive ferrite and magnet stacked alternately between the radiating portion and the ground plane.
- the antenna thus forms a stacked antenna.
- Stacked antennas achieve higher gains. It is furthermore possible to vary the degree of saturation of the dispersive ferrites according to the layers, thus allowing a modification of the adaptation, the gain and the radiation.
- the radiating part comprises a metal plate between each ferrite and magnet.
- the metal plates are interconnected.
- the invention also relates to an antenna characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective exploded view of an antenna according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective exploded view of an antenna according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side sectional view of an antenna according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic side sectional view of an antenna according to the second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a magnetic field map showing the distribution of the radiofrequency magnetic field in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna viewed from above according to the first embodiment of the invention without magnet,
- FIG. 7 is a magnetic field map showing the distribution of the radiofrequency magnetic field in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna seen from above according to the first embodiment of the invention with a magnet,
- FIG. 8 is a magnetic field map showing the distribution of the static magnetic field in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna viewed from above according to the first embodiment of the invention with a magnet
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the tangent of magnetic losses in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention as a function of frequency, in the absence or in the presence of magnets having different magnetic induction values
- FIGS. 10a and 10b are graphs respectively representing the real part and the imaginary part of the relative magnetic permeability in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention as a function of the frequency, in the absence or in the presence of magnets having different magnetic induction values,
- FIGS. 11a, 11b and 11c are diagrammatic views from above of the dispersive ferrite of antennas according to various embodiments of the invention, comprising a magnet,
- FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising an electromagnet,
- FIG. 13 is a graph representing the reflection coefficient S u of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention in the absence or in the presence of magnets having different magnetic induction values
- FIG. 14 is a graph representing the reflection coefficient S u of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention in the absence or in the presence of a 2000 gauss permanent magnet (G)
- FIG. 15 is a graph representing the reflection coefficient S u of an antenna according to the second embodiment of the invention in the absence or in the presence of a 2000 gauss permanent magnet (G),
- FIG. 16 is a radiation diagram of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention in the absence or in the presence of a 2000 gauss permanent magnet (G),
- FIG. 17 is a radiation diagram of an antenna according to the second embodiment of the invention in the absence or in the presence of a 2000 gauss permanent magnet (G),
- FIGS. 18a, 18b and 18c are schematic views of the top of antennas according to various embodiments of the invention, comprising an inserted part
- FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a so-called stacked antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view of a so-called stacked antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic perspective view of a so-called stacked antenna according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of a so-called stacked antenna according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna said to be stacked according to an eighth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna said to be stacked according to a ninth embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 25 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna according to a tenth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 26 illustrates examples of positioning of the magnet on the radiating part of the antenna in the case of a monopole antenna
- Figure 27 illustrates an example of positioning of the magnet on the radiating part of the antenna in the case of a semi-open antenna (loop).
- the values of the magnetic induction of the magnets are expressed in gauss in this application, 1 gauss (of symbol G) equal to 10 -4 Tesla (of symbol T).
- ⁇ denotes the wavelength at the main frequency (central frequency if transmitting on a frequency band) of transmission or reception of the antenna.
- Figure 1 shows schematically in exploded perspective an antenna according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 3 schematically shows in side section an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna comprises two non-ferrous metal plates (for example copper, brass, aluminum, etc.), a first plate forming a radiating 4 H portion and a second plate forming a ground plane 4 B. Between the two metal plates is disposed a dispersive ferromagnetic substrate, said dispersive ferrite 1.
- the metal plates and the dispersive ferrite 1 are in a flat shape extending mainly in a horizontal plane, so as to have a minimum vertical space requirement for a vertically polarized antenna.
- the radiant 4 H part totally or partially covers the dispersive ferrite 1, and can be composed of several pieces having different shapes connected to each other.
- the radiant 4H part can also take many forms complex, for example a meander as shown with reference to Figure 25 according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the dispersive ferrite 1 has a horizontal space greater than the metal plates, especially along a length (the plates are square while the dispersive ferrite 1 is rectangular), which allows an improvement of the radiation (higher gain) .
- the ferrite and the plates have the same size in the horizontal plane or different shapes.
- the dispersive ferrite 1 comprises an orifice 8 allowing the passage of an exciter 6 connected to a connector 7.
- the connector 7 is a coaxial type socket, its core is connected to the exciter 6 and its outer conductor is connected to the plane massive.
- the radiating part and the ground plane are not directly connected by a conductive element such as a short circuit, the antenna thus formed being a monopole antenna.
- the antenna comprises means for locally modifying the magnetic characteristics of the dispersive ferrite, here a magnet 5 disposed on one of the metal plates, preferably the radiating part as shown in this embodiment.
- a magnet 5 disposed on one of the metal plates, preferably the radiating part as shown in this embodiment.
- the magnet 5 has a rectangular shape. It has a length of 47 mm, a width of 22 mm and a height of 12 mm.
- the substrate consists of a ferrite tile material referenced 4S60.
- the tile is square in shape. It has a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm and a thickness of 7 mm.
- the magnet 5 has a surface area corresponding to about 10.34% of the total area of the substrate. Such proportions ensure in particular a local and gradual modification of the magnetic characteristics of the dispersive ferrite by the magnet.
- the distance between the radiating portion and the ground plane, corresponding to the thickness of the ferrite, is generally between ⁇ / 50,000 and ⁇ / 500 depending on the frequency used.
- FIG. 2 schematically represents an exploded perspective view of an antenna according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 5 represents schematically in lateral section an antenna according to the second embodiment of the invention.
- the second embodiment is identical to the first embodiment of the invention, except for the presence of a short-circuit 2 connecting the radiating part to the ground plane, the short-circuit 2 being away from the exciter 6 so to form a semi-open type antenna (or semi-open loop) due to the absence of a short circuit at the zone 3 opposite the short circuit 2.
- Figure 4 schematically shows in side section an antenna according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- This embodiment is similar to the second embodiment in which the exciter 6 is placed no longer in the center of the ferrite and passing therethrough, but on a contour of the ferrite so as to extend between the ground plane 4 B and the radiating part 4 H , at the opening of the second embodiment.
- the exciter 6, the radiating part 4 H , the short-circuit 2 and the ground plane 4 B thus form a loop, the antenna thus being a loop-type antenna.
- Fig. 6 is a magnetic field map showing the distribution of the radiofrequency magnetic field in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna viewed from above according to the first embodiment of the invention without a magnet
- Fig. 7 is a magnetic field map. representing the distribution of the radiofrequency magnetic field in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna viewed from above according to the first embodiment of the invention with a magnet. Radiofrequency magnetic fields are measured in ⁇ / m.
- Fig. 8 is a magnetic field map showing the distribution of the static magnetic field in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna viewed from above according to the first embodiment of the magnet invention.
- the static magnetic field is expressed in gauss (G).
- the magnet 5 is a permanent magnet emitting a static field of 2000 G, or 0.2 Tesla (T).
- the magnet 5 is advantageously disposed eccentrically with respect to the exciter 6.
- the magnet 5 adjoins one of the sides of the ferrite substrate 1.
- the magnet 5 is preferably arranged in one of the four zones 51, 52, 53, 54, as illustrated in FIG. 26.
- the magnet 5 is preferably disposed at level of the area that forms the opening (reference 3 Figures 2 and 5). In this case, the magnet 5 is disposed in an eccentric zone 50, opposite the short-circuit 2 as illustrated in FIG. 27.
- the magnet 5 covers approximately 10.34% of the surface of the substrate 1.
- the magnet 5 can also cover the entire surface of the ferrite, to which case the radiation pattern is not changed but the antenna has a better radiation efficiency.
- the dispersive ferrite without local modification of the characteristics makes it possible to stabilize the variation of the impedance of the antenna and thus increase the bandwidth of the antenna, but causes a fall in the radiation efficiency.
- the local modification of the characteristics makes it possible to maintain this advantage of stabilizing the impedance variation and bandwidth increase while compensating for the fall in the radiation efficiency so as to obtain a high performance antenna.
- FIG. 9 is a graph representing on a logarithmic scale the magnetic losses, represented by the tangent of magnetic losses in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention, as a function of frequency (in MHz over a logarithmic scale), in the absence (0 G curve) or in the presence of magnets having different magnetic induction values (620 G, 1680 G and 2410G).
- 10a and 10b are graphs respectively representing the real part and the imaginary part of the relative magnetic permeability in the dispersive ferrite of an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention as a function of frequency (in MHz on a scale logarithmic), in the absence (0 G curve) or in the presence of magnets with different magnetic induction values (620 G, 1680 G and 2410 G).
- the experimental results presented in the diagrams of FIGS. 9 and 10 were obtained with NiSn ferrite, commercially available under reference 4S60 and commonly used for its attenuation properties of radio waves at frequencies higher than 1 GHz.
- the real and imaginary parts of the relative magnetic permeability are commonly designated respectively by the symbols ⁇ 'and ⁇ ".
- the tangent of magnetic losses (often designated by the symbol tan ⁇ ) is the ratio of the imaginary part to the real part of the relative magnetic permeability.
- the tangent of magnetic losses and the real and imaginary parts of the relative magnetic permeability are measured in the dispersive ferrite at the zones where the magnetic characteristics of the dispersive ferrite are modified.
- the reduction of the relative magnetic permeability is particularly visible in the frequencies between 1 and 30 MHz, which forms part of the frequency band targeted by the invention. Beyond 100 MHz, the Relative magnetic permeability is low in all cases.
- Dispersive spinel ferrites especially NiZn, known to exhibit high magnetic permeability are generally used to form coatings for absorbing electromagnetic waves, particularly the walls of anechoic chambers operating at frequencies up to 1000 MHz. In the context of the present invention, this type of ferrite is advantageously used.
- Figures 11a, 11b and 11c show schematically from above antennas according to various embodiments of the invention, comprising a permanent magnet.
- the shape of the magnets can be modified, resulting in a different distribution of the magnetic field generated. This different distribution causes a modification of the radiation pattern of the antenna which can therefore be adapted as needed.
- the shapes shown as examples are rectangular (Figure 11a), circular ( Figure 11b) or triangular (Figure 11c).
- FIG. 12 schematically shows from above an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising an electromagnet 5.
- the electromagnet can replace a permanent magnet in the various embodiments of the antenna.
- the electromagnet is powered by a generator 9 of variable current, thereby changing the value of the magnetic field it generates. It is thus possible to influence performances such as the parameters S of the antenna, the gain and the shape of the radiation diagram.
- FIG. 13 is a graph representing the reflection coefficient Su of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention in the absence (0 G curve) or in the presence of magnets having different magnetic induction values (780).
- G, 850 G, 1430 G for example an electromagnet, depending on the frequency (in MHz).
- the reflection coefficient Su makes it possible to determine the impedance matching of the antenna. With the aid of the magnet adapted or by adjustment with an electromagnet, it is thus possible to choose the value of the magnetic field so as to have the desired impedance matching, for example 50 ⁇ .
- FIG. 14 is a graph representing the reflection coefficient S u of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention in the absence (SA curve for "without magnet”) or in the presence (curve AA for "with magnet”) of a permanent magnet of 2000 G, depending on the frequency (in MHz).
- the antenna is here of monopole type.
- FIG. 15 is a graph representing the reflection coefficient S u of an antenna according to the second embodiment of the invention in the absence (curve SA) or in the presence (curve AA) of a permanent magnet of 2000 G , depending on the frequency (in MHz).
- the antenna is here semi-open type.
- FIG. 16 is a radiation diagram of an antenna according to the first embodiment of the invention in the absence (SA curve) or in the presence (AA curve) of a 2000 G permanent magnet.
- FIG. 17 is a radiation diagram of an antenna according to the second embodiment of the invention in the absence (curve SA) or in the presence (curve AA) of a permanent magnet of 2000 G.
- the antenna without magnet is a directional antenna of low gain, while the semi-open antenna with a magnet according to the invention has a substantially similar diagram but has a greater gain in all directions.
- the radiation pattern of the antenna as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 can also be adjusted as a function of the relative position of the magnet 5 with respect to the substrate 1.
- Figures 18a, 18b and 18c are schematic top views of the antenna dispersive ferrite according to various embodiments of the invention, comprising an insert.
- the inserted pieces are pieces of material having a low relative magnetic permeability and low magnetic losses inserted into the dispersive ferrite and which result in a gradual and local reduction in the magnetic permeability and magnetic losses of the dispersive ferrite.
- relative magnetic permeability values less than 10 are understood.
- magnetic loss tangent values of less than 0.1 are included. As indicated above, these values are to be considered at the working frequency of the antenna, that is to say at a frequency included in a frequency band on which the impedance matching of the antenna is carried out .
- the inserted part (s) 10 can take the place of the magnet (permanent or electromagnet) in all the embodiments of the antenna described above. Like the magnet, they can take different forms, for example those shown in FIGS. 18a, 18b and 18c.
- the figures are similar to Figures 11a, 11b and 11c but the parts 10 are here inserted into the dispersive ferrite 1 instead of being arranged above on a metal plate (like the magnet).
- the hatched areas shown may be composed of a single piece inserted into a block or of several inserted pieces arranged side by side. Different inserted parts may have permeabilities and / or tangent of different losses (always lower than the dispersive ferrite 1).
- the shapes can affect the characteristics of the antenna, especially its directivity.
- FIG. 19 diagrammatically shows in perspective a so-called stacked antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- a stacked antenna according to the invention comprises a plurality of dispersive ferrites and several magnets stacked between the ground plane and at least one metal plate of the radiating portion.
- the radiating portion 4 H is formed of several metal plates connected in S or zigzag, between which are alternately a dispersive ferrite or a magnet, so that there is as much of dispersive ferrites than magnets.
- the antenna comprises two ferrites 1 1 and 1 2 dispersive and two magnets 5 1 and 5 2 permanent.
- the radiant 4 H part is connected to the plane 4 B by a short-circuit 2.
- the exciter 6 passes through all the ferrites and magnets and touches only the top plate of the radiating part 4 H.
- FIG. 20 diagrammatically shows in perspective a so-called stacked antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna of this embodiment is identical to the fourth mode of realization, except that the exciter is deported instead of the short circuit and feeds the antenna between the ground plane 4 B and the plate of the part 4 H which is closest to the plane 4 B ground.
- FIG. 21 diagrammatically shows in perspective a so-called stacked antenna according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna of this embodiment is identical to the fourth embodiment, except that it does not include a short-circuit 2.
- FIG. 22 diagrammatically shows in perspective an antenna said to be stacked according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna comprises a single metal plate forming the radiating part 4 H , and between the radiating part 4 H and the ground plane 4 B is a stack of dispersive ferrites and alternating magnets, here two ferrites 1 1 and 1 2 dispersive and two magnets 5 1 and 5 2 permanent.
- FIG. 23 diagrammatically shows in perspective an antenna said stacked according to an eighth embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna comprises a plurality of metal plates 4m, 4H 2 , 4H 3 and 4H 4 forming the radiating portion.
- Each metal plate is connected to the exciter 6.
- Between the plane 4 B of mass and the plate 4 H4 is a ferrite 1 2 dispersive, between the plate 4 H4 and the plate 4 H3 is a magnet 5 2 , between the plate 4 H3 and the plate 4 H2 is a dispersive ferrite 1 1 and between the plate 4 H2 and the plate A H1 is a magnet 5i.
- FIG. 24 diagrammatically shows in perspective an antenna said to be stacked according to a ninth embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna of this embodiment is similar to the eighth embodiment, in that it contains a plurality of metal plates 4m, 4 2 , 4 3 , 4 4 , 4 4 4 and 4 of circular shape, forming the the radiating part and connected to the exciter 6. Between the metal plates are alternately a ferrite l lt 1 2 , 1 3 or 1 4 dispersive circular or a magnet 5 1 ( 5 2 , 5 3 or 5 4 circular shape .
- FIG. 25 diagrammatically shows in perspective an antenna said to be stacked according to a ninth embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna of this embodiment is similar to the first mode of embodiment in that it comprises a magnet disposed on the radiating part 4H of the antenna, the antenna being separated from the ground plane 4B by the dispersive ferrite substrate 1.
- the second plate forming the radiating portion 4H is cut to form a rectangular flat spiral.
- this spiral is centered on the exciter 6 of the antenna.
- dispersive ferrites, magnets, inserted parts or metal plates can take different forms. Magnets may have different values from those shown in the graphs. Stacked antennas may contain more layers.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1759284A FR3071968B1 (fr) | 2017-10-04 | 2017-10-04 | Antenne a substrat ferromagnetique dispersif partiellement sature |
PCT/FR2018/052456 WO2019069033A1 (fr) | 2017-10-04 | 2018-10-04 | Antenne à substrat ferromagnétique dispersif partiellement saturé |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3692598A1 true EP3692598A1 (fr) | 2020-08-12 |
EP3692598B1 EP3692598B1 (fr) | 2022-07-20 |
Family
ID=61655838
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18793251.2A Active EP3692598B1 (fr) | 2017-10-04 | 2018-10-04 | Antenne à substrat ferromagnétique dispersif partiellement saturé |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11114761B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3692598B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN111183552B (fr) |
EA (1) | EA202090664A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2926348T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3071968B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL273692B2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019069033A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020236245A1 (fr) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-11-26 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Radôme d'antenne à ondes millimétriques adaptatif |
CN111555026B (zh) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-02-25 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 一种电子设备 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5327148A (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1994-07-05 | Northeastern University | Ferrite microstrip antenna |
US5502451A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-03-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Patch antenna with magnetically controllable radiation polarization |
US6677901B1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2004-01-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Planar tunable microstrip antenna for HF and VHF frequencies |
JP2005080023A (ja) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-03-24 | Sony Corp | 磁芯部材、アンテナモジュール及びこれを備えた携帯型通信端末 |
US7315248B2 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2008-01-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Radio frequency identification tags for use on metal or other conductive objects |
JP2007067994A (ja) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-15 | Sony Corp | アンテナ |
KR100992407B1 (ko) * | 2008-04-08 | 2010-11-05 | 주식회사 이엠따블유 | 유전체와 자성체의 수직 주기 구조를 갖는 복합 구조체를이용한 안테나 |
IT1398678B1 (it) * | 2009-06-11 | 2013-03-08 | Mbda italia spa | Antenna a schiera di slot con alimentazione in guida d'onda e procedimento di realizzazione della stessa |
US10205247B2 (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2019-02-12 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama For And On Behalf Of The University Of Alabama | Antenna modules having ferrite substrates |
KR20160014938A (ko) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-12 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 자성체 안테나 |
CN106299633B (zh) | 2015-05-15 | 2019-05-14 | 佳邦科技股份有限公司 | 用于通信模块的天线结构及其制作方法 |
KR20170090026A (ko) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-07 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 페라이트 적층 유전체 기판을 구비한 인체 삽입형 안테나 |
-
2017
- 2017-10-04 FR FR1759284A patent/FR3071968B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-10-04 EP EP18793251.2A patent/EP3692598B1/fr active Active
- 2018-10-04 CN CN201880064071.4A patent/CN111183552B/zh active Active
- 2018-10-04 EA EA202090664A patent/EA202090664A1/ru unknown
- 2018-10-04 US US16/652,564 patent/US11114761B2/en active Active
- 2018-10-04 WO PCT/FR2018/052456 patent/WO2019069033A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2018-10-04 ES ES18793251T patent/ES2926348T3/es active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-29 IL IL273692A patent/IL273692B2/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL273692A (en) | 2020-05-31 |
IL273692B2 (en) | 2023-07-01 |
US11114761B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
EP3692598B1 (fr) | 2022-07-20 |
CN111183552A (zh) | 2020-05-19 |
WO2019069033A1 (fr) | 2019-04-11 |
ES2926348T3 (es) | 2022-10-25 |
EA202090664A1 (ru) | 2020-07-22 |
FR3071968B1 (fr) | 2020-11-27 |
FR3071968A1 (fr) | 2019-04-05 |
CN111183552B (zh) | 2022-02-18 |
IL273692B1 (en) | 2023-03-01 |
US20200235473A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
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