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EP3686349A1 - Ancrage arrière pour un dispositif support d'un talus et dispositif support doté d'au moins un ancrage arrière - Google Patents

Ancrage arrière pour un dispositif support d'un talus et dispositif support doté d'au moins un ancrage arrière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3686349A1
EP3686349A1 EP19000039.8A EP19000039A EP3686349A1 EP 3686349 A1 EP3686349 A1 EP 3686349A1 EP 19000039 A EP19000039 A EP 19000039A EP 3686349 A1 EP3686349 A1 EP 3686349A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire mesh
rear suspension
loops
support device
suspension according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19000039.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Beckert Diplom-Wirtschaftsingenieur Manfred
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manfred Beckert Diplom Wirtsch
Original Assignee
Manfred Beckert Diplom Wirtsch
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manfred Beckert Diplom Wirtsch filed Critical Manfred Beckert Diplom Wirtsch
Priority to EP19000039.8A priority Critical patent/EP3686349A1/fr
Publication of EP3686349A1 publication Critical patent/EP3686349A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0208—Gabions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rear suspension for an embankment support device according to claim 1 and a support device with at least one rear attachment according to claim 13.
  • the friction bands, geogrids or geotextiles are largely horizontally worked into the embankment according to the "reinforced earth” principle, in that they are showered with embankment material and thus act as a kind of back-hanging or back-anchoring of the gabions.
  • both the anchoring elements and the air-side outer skin of the wall structure exist made of geosynthetics.
  • these geotextiles or geogrids are turned over as train inserts on the air side, which results in a cushion-like appearance.
  • UV-resistant material must be used or the geosynthetic must be impregnated or covered.
  • upholstery walls generally remain unprotected against fire or vandalism.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved construction of a support device for a slope wall structure, which offers greater design freedom and greater security.
  • the rear suspension according to claim 1 according to the invention comprises at least one loop device, a holding part and a tensile-resistant rear suspension part which can be connected or connected to the holding part.
  • support device is understood to mean both gabions and, for example, wire mesh elements or wire mesh mats which are basically designed and assembled like structural steel or reinforcing steel mats and are used to reinforce upholstery walls.
  • the loop device has at least two loops which are provided on the support device in such a way that they protrude largely orthogonally on one side from a plane of the support device in the assembled state.
  • the loops are advantageously formed by plastically deformed cross wires of the wire mesh. As a result, separate attachment of the loops to the wire mesh is not necessary.
  • the holding part is preferably a rod. It can be easily inserted into the loops and has a suitably dimensioned diameter. In addition, it is stiff enough to be able to transmit tensile forces from the rear suspension part attached or attachable to the loops.
  • the rear suspension part can consist of a known flexible band or flat material which can be permanently anchored in an earth body in order to dissipate tensile forces there by friction.
  • the invention thus pursues the principle of making the arrangement of a rear suspension on a support device freely selectable.
  • This allows the anchoring levels of the rear suspension to be freely selected without being limited to certain dimensions, for example the location of a floor or a lid of gabions.
  • additional rear suspension levels can be arranged according to the invention, so that the individual rear suspension does not have to be worked so deep into the slope at the same slope pressure, or overall a larger slope pressure can be absorbed by the support device placed in front of the slope.
  • friction bands, geogrids or geotextiles are suitable as rear suspension parts.
  • they can only be looped around or attached to the holding part and anchored in the earth structure in a manner known per se.
  • Geogrids are preferably used. Because by simply turning their edge on the resulting bow or fold, U-shaped loops can also be formed on them, which can be placed between the loops of the loop device and which can be penetrated together by the holding part in order to create a tension-resistant fastening.
  • Geogrids thus offer a particularly easy-to-use fastening option on the loop device.
  • the loops of the loop device can be U-shaped, V-shaped or hook-shaped.
  • the holding part especially if it is designed as a rod, can be easily accommodated in the loops.
  • the wire mesh of the rear suspension can have loops lying side by side in a row.
  • the rear suspension can have at least one spacer for hanging between the rear suspension part and the loop device.
  • a distance between the slope-side rear suspension part and the loop device a likewise clear distance between the preferably geotextile rear-suspension part and an outside of the slope or the air side of the slope can be achieved.
  • the rear suspension part can be moved away from the outside of the slope and moved deeper into the structure in order to be better protected against fire and vandalism.
  • Suitable spacers are basically devices that can be easily attached between the loop device and the rear suspension part, that is, at least on one side, offer a hanging device, such as hooks, eyes or loops for hanging on the loop device and / or the rear suspension part or the holding part.
  • the spacer must be designed to be at least as tensile as the rear suspension part itself.
  • the spacer is advantageously fireproof. Therefore, for example, are suitable at the end Steel strips, chains or steel wire grids bent into loops with eyelets on each of their long sides as spacers.
  • the spacer can also be designed as a wire mesh section and, in principle, like a flat wire mesh support.
  • the rear suspension can have an essentially flat wire mesh or a flat wire mesh section composed of wires with a plurality of loops crossing and connected at their crossing points.
  • they can be produced as desired, for example preformed and then welded on.
  • the wire mesh can be installed in a gabion before filling, for example, by attaching it from the inside to a side wall of the gabion that will later be on the slope, in order to enable them to be re-hung, if necessary.
  • the gabions can thus be equipped with the rear suspension according to the invention, for example, over their entire width in a few simple steps.
  • the loops can be formed by forming a channel-shaped bead in the wire mesh.
  • the bead preferably runs parallel to the longitudinal wires of the wire mesh and is formed by the loops lying next to one another. These each extend parallel to the cross wires of the wire mesh.
  • the loops preferably lie on the same side of the wire mesh as their longitudinal wires. Then the longitudinal wires lie in the installation position in the area of the longitudinal wires of the gabion rear wall or the wire mesh mat. This provides some protection against slipping of the wire mesh of the rear suspension against the gabion or the wire mesh mat.
  • the dimensions of the wire mesh of the rear suspension are adapted to the respective application.
  • the wire mesh of the rear suspension can, for example, have an external dimension of 950 x 425 mm.
  • Such a wire mesh can be installed in commercially available portable gabions as well as in various types of monolithic gabions. For gabion lengths of, for example, 2000 mm or more, appropriately adapted or multiple wire grids can be used next to one another.
  • a suitable height of the loop can be approximately 80 mm so that the loops protrude far enough from the inside of the support device.
  • a suitable inner width of the loop can be 30 mm.
  • the holding part in the form of a rod can have a diameter of 6 to 20 mm, preferably 10 mm.
  • the principle of the invention can also be implemented on a support device for a slope wall structure, in which the loop device is formed on the support device itself.
  • the support device can thus be provided with loops with a rear suspension without the attachment of a separate wire mesh.
  • the combination of functions of the support device and the loop device makes it possible to dispense with a component, so that the assembly of the wall structure is simplified and there are fewer sources of error.
  • the spacer between the loop device and the rear suspension part can be used advantageously.
  • the support device can be designed as an essentially flat wire mesh mat composed of wires crossing one another and connected at their crossing points, on which the loop device is designed as a trough-shaped bead in the wire mesh mat parallel to its longitudinal wires.
  • the crossing wires or bars of the wire mesh mat are usually orthogonal to each other.
  • the wire mesh mat that can be anchored back can be used to reinforce "reinforced earth” systems, such as upholstered walls. Because upholstery walls, in which geotextiles are worked into the embankment body and turned over on the embankment or air side, bulge out there. On the other hand, on-site support formwork can be used, which increases the effort required to assemble the upholstery wall, but does not guarantee a permanent effect. The bulging can not only make the air or slope side of the reinforced slope look unattractive, in particular misshapen, and may make greening difficult, but also make it susceptible to fire and vandalism. This is because the part of the geotextile that looks out from the ground on the air side is unprotected both in the event of a slope fire and in the event of deliberate damage as a result of vandalism. Damage there can destroy the entire embankment structure.
  • the support device can provide the cushion wall on the air side with a protective and / or supportive metallic “outer skin”. It can also act as a lost formwork and thus give the upholstery wall a largely smooth outer surface, making it unnecessary to use any other formwork. For this purpose, it can be anchored back comfortably, namely parallel to the layer-by-layer construction of the upholstery wall, by embedding its rear suspension part between individual layers, and therefore requires only little assembly effort.
  • the support device can preferably have the beads forming the row of loops in the layer spacing of the geotextiles of the upholstery wall, so that it can be anchored in sections in each case after completion of a layer of the upholstery wall.
  • Common layer spacings of geotextiles in a cushion wall are 40, 60 or 80cm, but can also be larger or smaller. This results in the spacing of the beads in the support device.
  • the support device can be designed as a wire mesh basket or as a gabion, on which the loop device is preferably designed as an outwardly directed, channel-shaped bead in a side wall of the wire mesh basket itself.
  • the bead preferably runs parallel to the longitudinal wires of the wire mesh basket and can be attached to the side wall in any desired height and number.
  • the principle of the invention also realizes a slope wall structure with at least one back-anchored support device according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • a geosynthetic fleece on the slope side of the support device.
  • Several support devices can be arranged side by side and / or one above the other, possibly with a scheduled overlap.
  • that wire mesh mat is preferably formed in particular between a lower air-side or outer and a wall or embankment-side or inner wire mesh mat.
  • a The upper wire mesh mat is thus fitted to the inside of the lower wire mesh mat. This arrangement means that the two wire mesh mats arranged one above the other can move vertically against one another largely unhindered when settling in the embankment structure. This allows the structure to retain its shape without compromising its stability.
  • the slope wall structure can be equipped with an upholstery wall and with at least one back-anchored wire mesh support with a separate loop device or with at least one back-anchored wire mesh mat with an integrated loop device, a backfilled distance being formed between the upholstery wall and the wire mesh mat.
  • a backfilled distance for example, a layer of plantable substrate or gravel can be introduced, which gives the upholstery wall the appearance of a stone basket wall, without requiring its structural depth. This also further increases the fire resistance of the slope wall structure and its resistance to vandalism.
  • the backfilled distance between the wire mesh mat and the upholstery wall can be achieved particularly skillfully by the spacer described above, which can determine the distance dimension, but does not have to. This further increases fire and vandalism protection, because the geotextile of the upholstery wall and in particular the geosynthetic grille of the rear suspension can be embedded particularly deep into the soil of the embankment structure.
  • Fig. 1 shows a back anchored wire mesh 1 in a plan view and Fig. 2 in a side view.
  • the wire mesh 1 has, for example, a width of 950 mm and a height of 425 mm and has cross wires 2 and longitudinal wires 3, 4a, 4b which cross each other.
  • the middle longitudinal wires 4a, 4b are closer to each other in pairs and each include square meshes 5 between them. With the outer longitudinal wires 3 and with the respectively adjacent longitudinal wire 4b, 4a of the other pair, they form rectangular meshes 6.
  • the grid wires 2, 3, 4a, 4b are welded together at their crossing points.
  • the grid wires 2, 3, 4a, 4b are arranged such that they do not protrude beyond the edges of the wire grid. How Fig. 1 shows, the edges are formed by the edge-side transverse and longitudinal wires.
  • the distance between the longitudinal wires 4a and 4b in the present case is smaller than the distance between the longitudinal wire pairs 4a and 4b and also smaller than their distance from the adjacent edge-side longitudinal wires 3.
  • the mesh heights are not particularly important.
  • the longitudinal wires 4a, 4b could also be just a single wire. Theoretically, it would also be possible to use a wire mesh that has no longitudinal wires 4a, 4b and only has the edge wires 3 in the horizontal direction.
  • a bead 7 is formed as a loop device by the vertical transverse wires 2 being bent out of the plane of extension of the wire mesh 1.
  • Each cross wire 2 forms a U-shaped loop 8 in the area of the bead 7.
  • the loops 8 are located halfway up the wire grid 1 and are of identical design.
  • the transverse wires 2 can also be shaped into the loops 8 in the area between the longitudinal wire pairs 4a, 4b and the adjacent longitudinal wires 3.
  • Fig. 3 shows the - shortened - wire mesh 1 with a rod 10 as a holding part, which is inserted into the loops 8.
  • the rod 10 can have a diameter of approximately 6 to 20 mm, for example.
  • a geogrid 18 is looped around the rod 10 ( Fig. 6 ).
  • a sufficient height H ( Fig. 3 )
  • the loops 8 are used for easy assembly of the rod 10. It is made up of the loops 8 of the loop device 7 and the loops formed between them by turning over the geogrid 18 at the edge ( Fig. 6 ) pushed through.
  • Fig. 4 is the assembled wire mesh 1 in plan view and in Fig. 5 shown in side view. It bears against a vertical rear wall grille 12 of a gabion 16. It forms the support device with which, for example, embankments are supported. Depending on the height of the slope to be supported, two or more gabions 16 can be placed on top of one another. The gabions 16 can also be placed side by side, depending on the length of the slope.
  • the gabion 16 has, in addition to the rear wall grid, 12 side walls, a front wall, a bottom and a cover, each of which is formed by wire grids with longitudinal and transverse wires crossing one another are formed.
  • the in the 4 and 5 The rear wall 12 shown has the longitudinal wires 14 and the transverse wires 13 which are welded to one another at their crossing points.
  • the wire mesh 1 is attached to the rear wall mesh 12 from the inside in such a way that the loops 8 protrude outward through rectangular meshes 15 of the rear wall mesh 12.
  • the longitudinal wires 3, 4a, 4b of the wire mesh 1 rest on the inner longitudinal wires 14 of the rear wall mesh 12, thereby preventing the wire mesh 1 from slipping off during transport of the portable gabions 16 or during or after assembly with a gabion filled on site.
  • Fig. 6 shows two gabions 16 arranged one above the other, each with a rear suspension 17. They sit flush on one another and secure an embankment (not shown) on their right side.
  • the wire grids 1 are as shown in FIG 4 and 5 described, installed.
  • the rear suspension 17 has the rod 10 inserted into the loops 8 of each wire grid 1 and the geogrid 18 looped around it as a rear suspension part.
  • the geogrid 18 is worked into layers of embankment material, not shown, which is introduced essentially horizontally. It serves as a tensile element and can remove an embankment pressure, which acts on the gabions 16, into the embankment by friction. At the same time, it can protect the embankment against a break.
  • the wire mesh 1 enables each gabion 16 to be separately re-hung, possibly in addition to a conventional back-hanging, which is usually arranged in the region between two superimposed gabions 16.
  • Fig. 7 shows a section of a single largely flat wire mesh mat 20 with two superimposed U-shaped beads 21 and each having a rod 10.
  • the beads 21 and the rod 10 are of the same design as in the previous embodiment.
  • the bead 21 can also be significantly higher than the bead 7, if this should be necessary for fire protection reasons, for example.
  • the distance A between the beads 21 is based on the thickness of the layers lying one above the other, from which a cushion wall is constructed.
  • the vertical spacing of the geogrids 18 in the slope of a cushion wall is usually 40 to 80 cm, preferably 40 to 60 cm, but can also be larger or smaller.
  • the meshes 22 of the wire mesh mat 20 preferably have a width and a height of 5 to 10 cm, but can also be wider or narrower or longer or shorter.
  • the wire thicknesses of the wire mesh mat 20 are approximately 5 to 7 mm, preferably approximately 6 mm, but can also be thicker or thinner.
  • the wire mesh mat 20 is given a stable position by its two beads 21 connected to the rear suspension without, for example, tipping.
  • the wire mesh mat 20 can also have more than two beads 21.
  • the Fig. 8 and 9 show two wire mesh mats 20 arranged one above the other, which overlap with their mutually facing edges. Since each wire mesh mat 20 has two loop devices 21 arranged one above the other at a distance, four rear hookings 17 are provided. The wire mesh mats 20 advantageously overlap one another in such a way that the rear hangings 17 have the same vertical distance A from one another.
  • the overlap area 23 between the wire mesh mats 20 is provided in the exemplary embodiment shown so that the wire mesh mats 20 by the dimension of the height of the meshes 6 ( Fig. 1 ) overlap each other.
  • the overlap area 23 can also be larger or smaller.
  • the wire mesh mat 20 is designed, for example, for a layer spacing A of 60 cm and has a height of 140 cm and can have a width of 200 to 300 cm or more.
  • an overlap 23 of approximately 5 to 10 cm of wire mesh mats 20 installed one above the other can preferably be taken into account, so that the beads 21 are at a distance of approximately 35 cm from a lower or upper edge of the wire mesh mat 20.
  • an equal layer spacing A of the rear hangings 17 can be ensured not only within a single wire mesh mat 20, but also between wire mesh mats 20 arranged one above the other.
  • the upper wire mesh mat 20 is advantageously offset toward the slope side, but is installed in a close position to the lower wire mesh mat 20.
  • the upper wire mesh mat 20 lies against the inside of the lower wire mesh mat 20 facing the slope.
  • wire mesh mats 20 can be arranged one above the other, the upper wire mesh mat 20 in each case lying in the overlap region on the side of the respective lower wire mesh 20 facing the slope.
  • the wire mesh mat 20 as a further type of wire mesh support is suitable for providing upholstery walls with a metallic outer skin which is significantly more dimensionally stable than a geosynthetic mesh.
  • the wire mesh mats are set up in accordance with the intended slope slope, on the rear side of which the rear hangings 17 are provided, which protrude into the soil of the slope to be supported in the manner described.
  • the wire mesh mats 20 are arranged one above the other and / or next to one another, so that they form a wire mesh surface with which the slope can be reliably supported.
  • the outer wall of the upholstered wall can also consist of another material with which a smooth outside can be produced.
  • the smooth outer wall makes it easy to green the upholstery wall.
  • the outside of the upholstery wall facing away from the slope can be formed in a conventional manner by fleeces, which are fastened to the wire mesh in a known manner.
  • the gabions 16 or the wire mesh mats 20 of the upholstery wall are made of a metallic material, usually steel, which is in contact with the environment but cannot ignite or burn.
  • Fig. 10 shows a wire mesh mat 20 with two rear hangings 17, which have the geogrid 18 as an example. It is via an intermediate bracket 33 connected as a spacer to the wire mesh mat 20. As a result, the rear suspension 17 is at a distance from the wire mesh mat 20, so that in the event of a fire there is even less danger that the geogrid 18 or another material will catch fire.
  • the intermediate holder 33 is advantageously made of metal and can be designed as a wire mesh, which is connected with the rod 10 to the loops 8 of the loop device 21.
  • the wire mesh as an intermediate holder 33 is in this case provided with eyelets 34 which lie between adjacent loops 8 and through which the rod 10 is inserted.
  • the geogrid 18 is connected to the opposite edge of the intermediate holder 33.
  • Welded eyelets 34 are also advantageously provided on this edge.
  • the eyelets 34 can be formed very simply by bending an edge section of the wire mesh 33.
  • the rod 10, around which the geogrid 18 is looped, is pushed through the eyelets 34, as in FIG Fig. 10 is shown.
  • a tensile and fire-proof connection is thus established between the wire mesh 20 on the air side 35 of the slope and its geogrid 18 deep in the slope structure.
  • the connection to the geogrid 18 is deep in the soil 36 of the embankment, which is particularly well protected against fire.
  • Fig. 11 shows exemplary shapes of beads 7 of the wire mesh 1 or the wire mesh mat 20.
  • the loops 8 can, like the 11a and 11b show, have a U-shape, wherein the height H can be different, as has been explained using the exemplary embodiments described.
  • the loops 8 can also be V-shaped, such as the 11c and 11d demonstrate.
  • the height H and / or the width B can be different.
  • wire mesh 1 With wire mesh 1 according to Fig. 11e only one loop direction 7 with the loop 8 is provided at one end of the wire 1.
  • the loop has a substantially U-shape with the two legs 30, 31 lying parallel to one another, which extend perpendicular to the wire mesh.
  • the outer leg 30 is bent back at the free end 30 '.
  • the free end 30 ′ encompasses the corresponding longitudinal wire 14 of the rear wall grille 12 or the gabions or the wire mesh mat 20.
  • 11f shows a wire mesh 1, in which the loops 8 of the loop device 7 are U-shaped and have at least approximately parallel legs 30, 31.
  • the free ends 30 ', 31' of the legs 30, 31 are bent opposite to one another in such a way that, in the installed position, they grip around the longitudinal wires 14 of the rear wall grid 12 of the gabions or the wire mesh mat 20.
  • the loops 8 are advantageously designed to be resilient. Your legs 30, 31 are, when they are inserted through the mesh of the back panel 12 or the wire mesh mat 20, elastically bent against each other. As a result, the free ends 30 ', 31' of the legs 30, 31 rest against the longitudinal wires 14 under elastic pretension.
  • This embodiment is characterized by the fact that it has only a small height.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
EP19000039.8A 2019-01-23 2019-01-23 Ancrage arrière pour un dispositif support d'un talus et dispositif support doté d'au moins un ancrage arrière Withdrawn EP3686349A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19000039.8A EP3686349A1 (fr) 2019-01-23 2019-01-23 Ancrage arrière pour un dispositif support d'un talus et dispositif support doté d'au moins un ancrage arrière

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19000039.8A EP3686349A1 (fr) 2019-01-23 2019-01-23 Ancrage arrière pour un dispositif support d'un talus et dispositif support doté d'au moins un ancrage arrière

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3686349A1 true EP3686349A1 (fr) 2020-07-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19000039.8A Withdrawn EP3686349A1 (fr) 2019-01-23 2019-01-23 Ancrage arrière pour un dispositif support d'un talus et dispositif support doté d'au moins un ancrage arrière

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EP (1) EP3686349A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2295180A (en) * 1994-09-19 1996-05-22 Vidal Henri Brevets Facing panel for earth structures

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2295180A (en) * 1994-09-19 1996-05-22 Vidal Henri Brevets Facing panel for earth structures

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