Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
  • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
  • F28F1/424—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
  • F28F1/426—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
  • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
  • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
  • B21C37/151—Making tubes with multiple passages
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
  • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
  • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
  • B21C37/156—Making tubes with wall irregularities
  • B21C37/158—Protrusions, e.g. dimples
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
  • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
  • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
  • F28F1/04—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2215/00—Fins
  • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities

Definitions

• the field of the present invention is that of heat exchangers, in particular intended to equip the air conditioning loops of motor vehicles or to cool the engine of a vehicle.
• the heat exchangers equipping in particular the air conditioning loops of the vehicles are arranged to allow the adjacent circulation in two separate spaces of two different fluids, so as to achieve a heat exchange between the fluids without mixing them.
• One type of heat exchanger used among others in the automotive field is the tube exchanger, the exchanger consisting of a stack of tubes brazed together and arranged to define the spaces where the fluids circulate.
• the fluids circulate by dissipating or absorbing thermal energy.
• the efficiency of heat exchangers and thermodynamic circuits is mainly determined by the heat exchange between fluids flowing through them. It is therefore sought the design of heat exchangers in which the heat exchange between the fluids circulating within them are optimized. For this purpose, it is particularly possible to aim for a mixing of each fluid within the space in which this fluid circulates, in order to increase the heat exchange between the fluids, and it is known to equip the heat exchangers with devices for disrupting the flow of fluids. It is understood that to increase the mixing of the fluids, it is possible to increase the number of disturbance devices and can thus be tried to bring them closer to each other.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to solve the disadvantages described above by designing a tube for a heat exchanger arranged to improve the heat exchange between the fluids flowing through the heat exchanger, in particular limiting the pressure losses incurred. by these fluids, the tube being otherwise configured to be realized by simple machining operations and corresponding tools of simple shapes and therefore inexpensive.
• the subject of the invention is therefore a tube for a heat exchanger comprising at least one device for disturbing the flow of a fluid able to flow in the tube, the disturbance device consisting of a local depression.
• the disturbance device consisting of a local depression.
• the tube defines a fluid circulation channel capable of flowing mainly in a first direction in the tube and comprises a plurality of devices for disrupting the flow of this fluid along the circulation channel.
• the disturbance devices respectively consist of a local depression of a wall of the tube towards the inside of the tube having the shape of a chevron.
• These disturbance devices are arranged along the fluid circulation channel so that a cross-sectional band of the tube, of longitudinal dimension equal to that of a disturbance device and comprising a disruption device in its entirety, comprises only this disturbance device.
• This arrangement makes it possible to improve the brewing phenomenon, which increases the heat exchanges between the fluids, while offering a good compromise between heat exchange and pressure drop, so as to improve the performance and efficiency of the heat exchangers.
• the tube according to this first embodiment of the invention advantageously comprises at least one of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination:
• the section of the tube considered is a cross section of the tube, that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid along the tube;
• the chevron forming the disturbance device comprises at least two branches away from a tip, a branch being defined by a length between 1.55 and 30 millimeters; the length is measured from a first end of a branch to a second end of the same branch joining the other branch to form the tip;
• a branch of the chevron forming the disturbance device is arranged at a spacing angle relative to a fluid flow direction of between 20 and 160 °; the two branches of the chevron forming the perturbation device are arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid at the same angle;
• the branches of the chevrons forming the perturbation devices are all arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid at the same angle;
• the angle at which the branches of the perturbation devices of the tube are arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid gradually decreases between the upstream end and the downstream end; the upstream end and the downstream end of the tube are identified relative to the direction of flow of the fluid within the tube; this decrease can be constant, the difference in the angle between two consecutive chevrons being equal regardless of the consecutive chevrons involved, or be progressive, the decrease being greater as one gets closer to one or the other. other ends of the tube;
• the disturbance device is defined by a height of between 0.1 and 0.5 millimeters, the height being measured between an inner face of the wall of the tube from which the disturbance device extends and an apex of the disturbance device; in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the tube; advantageously, the disturbance device has a height of between 0.1 and 0.3 millimeters; this range of height makes it possible to increase the perturbation of the fluid passing through the tube according to the invention, while limiting the increase in pressure losses related to the disturbance of the flow of the fluid;
• the chevrons forming the perturbation devices all have the same height; alternatively, the height of the perturbation devices progressively increases between an upstream end of the tube and a downstream end of the tube opposite to the upstream end of the tube; this increase can be constant, the difference in height between two consecutive chevrons being equal regardless of the consecutive chevrons involved, or be progressive, the increase being greater as one gets closer to one or the other. other ends of the tube;
• the disturbance device is defined by a thickness of between 0.5 and 5 millimeters; the thickness is measured between a plane passing through the middle of the branch at top of the disturbance device and a parallel plane passing through a junction edge of the disturbance device with the wall of the corresponding tube;
• the disturbance devices are disposed on at least one wall of the tube;
• Disturbance devices are arranged on two walls facing the tube;
• the disturbance devices are arranged alternately on an upper wall and an opposite bottom wall, all being arranged within the channel defined between these two walls;
• the chevron forming the disturbance device arranged on a first wall is oriented in a direction opposite to a direction in which is oriented the chevron forming a disturbance device on the second wall;
• Disturbance devices are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the tube in at least two lines, a spacing between two successive lines being between 1.5 and 30 millimeters; the spacing corresponds to the distance between two adjacent lines of disturbance devices, arranged on the same wall of the tube; the spacing between two adjacent lines is measured between the tip of a chevron forming a disturbance device of a first line and the tip of a chevron forming a disturbance device of the second line; advantageously, the interline distance is between 3 and 5 millimeters;
• the spacing between two lines of disturbance devices is identical over the entire tube, and more particularly, the spacing between two adjacent lines is constant from the upstream end of the tube at the downstream end of the tube;
• the disturbance devices of at least one first line are arranged with a longitudinal offset with respect to the perturbation devices of at least one second line;
• the step between two disturbance devices arranged consecutively on the same line is between 5 and 10 millimeters;
• the pitch between the rafters of the same line is identical for each series of chevrons of the same line;
• the pitch between the rafters gradually increases between the upstream end of the tube and the downstream end of the tube;
• the disturbance device is made of material with the tube carrying it; in other words, the tube and the disturbance device are made from the same block of material, one can not be separated from the other without causing the destruction of the tube;
• the disturbance device is manufactured by stamping, stamping, or metal additive manufacturing
• the tube comprises an intermediate wall dividing the internal duct defined inside the tube into two subchannels; the chevrons forming disturbance devices are arranged on one and the other of the subchannels; the rafters are arranged symmetrically, with respect to the intermediate wall, in both subchannels.
• the tube configured so that at least one geometric parameter of the chevron shape has a value that changes between the tip and each of the free ends of the branches.
• This arrangement makes it possible to improve the brewing phenomenon, which increases the heat exchanges between the fluids, while offering a good compromise between heat exchange and pressure drop, so as to improve the performance and efficiency of the heat exchangers.
• the tube according to this second embodiment of the invention advantageously comprises at least one of the following features, taken alone or in combination:
• the changing geometric parameter is the width of each of the branches, the value of the width of each of the branches at the point being greater than the value of the width of each of the free ends of the branches;
• the geometric parameter that evolves is the angle formed between the branches of the chevron, the value of the angle at the tip being less than the value of the angle at the free ends of the branches;
• the geometric parameter that evolves is the height of the chevron, the value of the height at the tip (48) being greater than the value of the height of each of the free ends of the branches;
• a height is measured between an inner face of the wall of the tube from which the perturbation device extends and an apex of the disturbance device, in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the tube;
• the top of the disturbance device is the point of a section considered most remote from the wall of the tube from which the disturbance device extends;
• the height of the tip of a disturbance device is measured between the inner face of the wall of the tube and the top of the tip of the chevron of the disturbance device, in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the tube;
• the height of the free end of a branch of a disturbance device is measured between the inside face of the tube wall and the top of the free end of the branch considered, in a direction perpendicular to the tube wall;
• the chevron is symmetrical; more particularly, the chevron is symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the wall from which it is derived, passing through the tip and parallel to a flow direction of the fluid within the tube;
• the free ends of the branches of a disturbance device are aligned transversely; in other words, the free ends of the branches of a disturbance device are positioned on a line perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid; in this arrangement, the flow of the fluid impacting the chevron impacts at the same time the two free ends of the branches of the same disturbance device;
• the value of the height of the tip is equal to or substantially equal to twice the value of the height of a free end of a branch
• the value of the height of the tip is equal to or substantially equal to half the value of the height of a free end of a branch, the value of the width of each of the branches at the point being then equal or substantially equal to twice the value of the width of a free end of a branch;
• the value of the height of the tip is equal to or substantially equal to the sum of the height values of each of the free ends of a branch
• substantially equal means here that the value of a height of the tip may not be twice the height value a free end of a branch but within a range of values around 3% of the representative value of twice the height of a free end of a branch; this difference is in particular intended to take into account the manufacturing tolerances of the tube or one of its elements; - the passage between the height of the tip and the different height of the free end of a branch is done gradually, that is to say that the passage of the tip to the free end of a branch forms a regular ramp;
• the tube comprises a plurality of perturbation devices for which the value of the height of the tip is greater than the value of the height of each of the free ends of the branches;
• the disturbance devices are arranged in series between a first longitudinal end of the tube and a second longitudinal end of the tube, at least one of the height values increasing from one device to another of said series;
• the first longitudinal end of the tube is an upstream end of the tube, the second longitudinal end of the tube being a downstream end of the tube, in the direction of fluid flow within the tube;
• the disturbance devices are arranged in series between a first longitudinal end of the tube and a second longitudinal end of the tube, the value of the height of the tip and the value of the height of each of the free ends of the increasing branches of a device; to the other of said series;
• a first perturbation device is arranged in a first direction, a second perturbation device being arranged in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and in which a perturbation device is defined by a leading surface which is the surface of the first disruption device exposed first to the fluid flowing within the tube, the leading surface of the first disruption device is equal to the leading surface of the second disruption device;
• the leading surface of the disturbance devices increases between a first longitudinal end of the tube and a second longitudinal end of the tube;
• the value of the height of the tip is between 0.1 and 0.5 millimeters.
• the value of the height of the tip is between 0.3 and 0.5 millimeters, the value of the free end of a branch being between 0.15 and 0.25 millimeters; a branch being defined by a length of between 1.55 and 30 millimeters; the length is measured from a first end of a branch to a second end of the same branch joining the other branch to form the tip;
• the first branch of the chevron has the same length as the second branch
• a branch of the chevron forming the disturbance device is arranged at a spacing angle relative to a fluid flow direction of between 20 and 160 °;
• the two branches of the chevron forming the perturbation device are arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid at the same angle;
• the branches of the chevrons forming the perturbation devices are all arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid at the same angle;
• the angle at which the branches of the perturbation devices of the tube are arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid gradually decreases between the upstream end and the downstream end; the upstream end and the downstream end of the tube are identified relative to the direction of flow of the fluid within the tube; this decrease can be constant, the difference in the angle between two consecutive chevrons being equal regardless of the consecutive chevrons involved, or be progressive, the decrease being greater as one gets closer to one or the other. other ends of the tube;
• the disturbance device is defined by a thickness of between 0.5 and 5 millimeters; the thickness is measured between a plane passing through the middle of the branch at the top of the disturbance device and a parallel plane passing through a junction edge of the perturbation device with the wall of the corresponding tube;
• the disturbance devices are disposed on at least one wall of the tube;
• Disturbance devices are arranged on two walls facing the tube;
• the disturbance devices are arranged alternately on an upper wall and an opposite bottom wall, all being arranged within the channel defined between these two walls; -
• the chevron forming the disturbance device arranged on a first wall is oriented in a direction opposite to a direction in which is oriented the chevron forming a disturbance device on the second wall;
• the disturbance devices are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the tube in at least two lines, a spacing between two successive lines being between 1.5 and
• the spacing corresponds to the distance between two adjacent lines of disturbance devices, arranged on the same wall of the tube; the spacing between two adjacent lines is measured between the tip of a chevron forming a disturbance device of a first line and the tip of a chevron forming a disturbance device of the second line; advantageously, the interline distance is between 3 and 5 millimeters;
• the spacing between two lines of disturbance devices is identical over the entire tube, and more particularly, the spacing between two adjacent lines is constant from the upstream end of the tube at the downstream end of the tube; - the spacing between all the lines is identical, that is to say that the spacing between two adjacent lines is the same regardless of the adjacent lines considered;
• the disturbance devices of at least one first line are arranged with a longitudinal offset with respect to the perturbation devices of at least one second line; two successive perturbation devices of the same line are spaced apart by a pitch of between 1.5 and 30 millimeters; the step is measured between the tip of a chevron of a first disturbance device and the tip of a chevron of a second disturbance device adjacent to the first disturbance device; advantageously, the pitch between two disturbance devices arranged consecutively on the same line is between 5 and 10 millimeters;
• the pitch between the rafters of the same line is identical for each series of chevrons of the same line;
• the disturbance device is made of material with the tube carrying it; in other words, the tube and the disturbance device are made from the same block of material, one can not be separated from the other without causing the destruction of the tube;
• the disturbance device is manufactured by stamping, stamping, or metal additive manufacturing;
• the tube comprises an intermediate wall dividing the internal duct defined inside the tube into two subchannels; the chevrons forming disturbance devices are arranged on one and the other of the subchannels; the rafters are arranged symmetrically, with respect to the intermediate wall, in both subchannels.
• the at least one perturbation device of the tube is formed by a plurality of local indentations of a wall of the tube towards the inside of the tube, said local recesses being arranged one after the other. compared to others so as to have the shape of a chevron.
• This chevron arrangement makes it possible to improve the stirring phenomenon, which increases the heat exchange between the fluids, while offering a good compromise between heat exchange and pressure drop, so as to improve the performance and efficiency of the heat exchangers. heat.
• obtaining this chevron shape by a plurality of local indentations makes it possible to produce a complex shape such as the chevron by a plurality of local indentations of elementary shapes, simplifying the design of the necessary tools and therefore the cost obtaining these chevron perturbation devices on the tube.
• the tube according to this third embodiment of the invention advantageously comprises at least one of the following features, taken alone or in combination:
• the chevron comprises at least one point, two branches joining at one end to form the tip and having a free end opposite the tip; depending on the orientation of the chevron in the tube, the tip and the free ends may form one or more leading edges and trailing edge, the branches forming segments making a connection between the leading edge and a trailing edge;
• a first local depression is formed to form said tip and second local recesses are made to respectively form one of the free ends of the two branches;
• third local depressions are arranged between the first local depression and a second local depression to form a branch;
• each local depression comprises a vertex and a joining edge with said wall of the tube, the local depression comprising a flared connection part between the joining edge and the top, the segments being made by covering the flared connection parts;
• the joining edge is in the plane of the wall of the tube in which the local depressions are made; more particularly, the junction edge of each local depression is included in the plane of the inner face of this wall of the tube, that is to say the face turned away from the fluid circulation channel provided to the inside the tube;
• contours of the chevron are more particularly achieved by the series arrangement of the flared connection parts of the local recesses arranged one after the other on the wall;
• the local depressions are arranged in series so that the flared connection part of a local depression overlaps with the flared connection part of a local depression adjacent to this series;
• the contours of the chevron, and in particular the segments thus have a continuity allowing effective guidance of the fluid from the leading edge to the trailing edges;
• At least the third local recesses are made close to each other so that the flared connection portion of a third local recess overlaps with the flared connection portion of a third adjacent local recess;
• the flared connection parts have the same form of a local recess to the other, in particular for the same series of these local indentations forming a chevron;
• the pattern used to achieve the local depression associated with the tip of the chevron and / or patterns used to achieve the local depression associated with the free ends of the branches of the rafters may be different from the pattern used repeatedly to form the segments connecting the tip to the free ends;
• a disturbance device is produced from a plurality of elementary patterns which each enable the implementation of a local depression; the elementary patterns used to perform the local driving of a disturbance device may all be the same; alternatively, the disturbance device can be obtained by a combination of elementary patterns; it is possible to provide a specific elementary pattern for the local depression corresponding to the leading edge, a specific elementary pattern for the local depression corresponding to the trailing edge (s) and specific elementary patterns for the local depressions corresponding to the segments;
• the chevron forming the disturbance device comprises at least two branches away from a tip, a branch being defined by a length between 1.55 and 30 millimeters; the length is measured from a first end of a branch to a second end of the same branch joining the other branch to form the tip;
• a branch of the chevron forming the disturbance device is arranged at a spacing angle relative to a fluid flow direction of between 20 and 160 °;
• the two branches of the chevron forming the perturbation device are arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid at the same angle;
• the branches of the chevrons forming the perturbation devices are all arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid at the same angle;
• the angle at which the branches of the perturbation devices of the tube are arranged with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid gradually decreases between the upstream end and the downstream end; the upstream end and the downstream end of the tube are identified relative to the direction of flow of the fluid within the tube; this decrease can be constant, the difference in the angle between two consecutive chevrons being equal regardless of the consecutive chevrons involved, or be progressive, the decrease being greater as one gets closer to one or the other.
• the disturbance device is defined by a height of between 0.1 and 0.5 millimeters, the height being measured between an inner face of the wall of the tube from which the disturbance device extends and an apex of the disturbance device; in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the tube; advantageously, the disturbance device has a height of between 0.1 and 0.3 millimeters; this range of height makes it possible to increase the perturbation of the fluid passing through the tube according to the invention, while limiting the increase in pressure losses related to the disturbance of the flow of the fluid;
• the chevrons forming the perturbation devices all have the same height; alternatively, the height of the perturbation devices progressively increases between an upstream end of the tube and a downstream end of the tube opposite to the upstream end of the tube; this increase can be constant, the difference in height between two consecutive chevrons being equal regardless of the consecutive chevrons involved, or being progressive, the increase being greater as one gets closer to one or the other end of the tube;
• the disturbance device is defined by a thickness of between 0.5 and 5 millimeters; the thickness is measured between a plane passing through the middle of the branch at the top of the disturbance device and a parallel plane passing through a junction edge of the perturbation device with the wall of the corresponding tube;
• the disturbance devices are disposed on at least one wall of the tube;
• Disturbance devices are arranged on two walls facing the tube; - The disturbance devices are arranged alternately on an upper wall and an opposite bottom wall, all being arranged within the channel defined between these two walls;
• the chevron forming the disturbance device arranged on a first wall is oriented in a direction opposite to a direction in which is oriented the chevron forming a disturbance device on the second wall;
• Disturbance devices are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the tube in at least two lines, a spacing between two successive lines being between 1.5 and 30 millimeters; the spacing corresponds to the distance between two adjacent lines of disturbance devices, arranged on the same wall of the tube; the spacing between two adjacent lines is measured between the tip of a chevron forming a disturbance device of a first line and the tip of a chevron forming a disturbance device of the second line.
• the interline distance is between 3 and 5 millimeters;
• the spacing between two lines of disturbance devices is identical over the entire tube, and more particularly, the spacing between two adjacent lines is constant from the upstream end of the tube at the downstream end of the tube;
• the disturbance devices of at least one first line are arranged with a longitudinal offset with respect to the perturbation devices of at least one second line; two successive perturbation devices of the same line are spaced apart by a pitch of between 1.5 and 30 millimeters; the step is measured between the tip of a chevron of a first disturbance device and the tip of a chevron of a second disturbance device adjacent to the first disturbance device; advantageously, the pitch between two disturbance devices arranged consecutively on the same line is between 5 and 10 millimeters;
• the pitch between the rafters of the same line is identical for each series of chevrons of the same line;
• the pitch between the rafters gradually increases between the upstream end of the tube and the downstream end of the tube;
• the perturbation device formed by the plurality of local depressions, is made of material with the tube carrying it; in other words, the tube and the disturbance device are made from the same block of material, one can not be separated from the other without destroying the tube;
• the tube comprises an intermediate wall dividing the internal duct defined inside the tube into two subchannels;
• the chevrons forming disturbance devices are arranged on one and the other of the subchannels;
• the rafters are arranged symmetrically, with respect to the intermediate wall, in both subchannels.
• the invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a plurality of tubes, at least one of which is in accordance with the tube described above, the tubes defining, on the one hand, internally a circulation circuit for a fluid capable of being disturbed on its passage by the presence of said chevrons forming a disturbance device and further defining between them a circulation circuit for air.
• the invention finally relates to the use of this heat exchanger as an air cooler.
• the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a tube for a heat exchanger as described above, in which a plurality of steps for driving at least one wall of the tube is made, at least a first set of local depressions resulting from these deformation steps forming a chevron.
• the driving steps may be carried out sequentially or simultaneously, and they are in particular carried out successively when the local indentations are configured to overlap to form a continuity in the formation of the chevron.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation, seen from the front, of a heat exchanger consisting of a plurality of tubes according to the invention
• FIGS. 2a and 2b are perspective views of a tube according to the first and second embodiments of the invention
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a tube according to the invention, viewed along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tube,
• FIGS. 4a and 4b are views from above of a perturbation device formed on the tube according to the second and third embodiments of the invention.
• FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic side view of the perturbation device of FIG. 4a, slightly in perspective to make visible the opposite branch of the chevron forming the disturbance device,
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view, from above, of a tube according to the invention, the bottom wall of the tube and the perturbation devices provided therein, and an intermediate wall formed between the lower and upper walls. being represented in fine lines by transparency,
• FIG. 7 is a view from above of an inner face of the tube, illustrating an alternative arrangement of disturbance devices on one face of the tube
• FIG. 8 is a perspective view, from above, of a tube. according to the third embodiment of the invention, illustrating a plurality of disturbance devices arranged on an upper wall of this tube,
• FIG. 9 is a detail view, from above, of a disturbance device provided on the tube of FIG. 8;
• FIG. 10 is a top view, schematically, of a perturbation device according to an aspect of FIG. the invention, in which is represented the theoretical location with respect to each other of the local recesses to be made to form the chevron of the disturbance device,
• FIGS. 11 to 13 are exemplary embodiments of a disturbance device produced according to the invention by a plurality of local depressions, with depressions premises of the same circular shape (figure 11), of the same rectangular shape (figure 12), and of different shapes (figure 13) ⁇
• the longitudinal, vertical or transverse denominations above, below, in front and behind refer to the orientation of the heat exchanger according to the invention.
• the longitudinal direction corresponds to the main axis of the heat exchanger in which its largest dimension extends.
• the vertical direction corresponding to the direction of stacking of the tubes constituting the heat exchanger, the transverse direction being the direction perpendicular to the other two.
• the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions are also visible in a trihedron L, V, T shown in the figures.
• upstream and downstream are appreciated relative to the direction of flow of the fluid flowing in the tube of the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention configured to equip the front face of a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, and in particular to allow an exchange of calories between two fluids among which, by way of example, a fluid and a flow of air.
• the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of tubes 2 according to the invention, in which the fluid circulates.
• the tubes 2 are arranged parallel to each other in a stacking direction D, here vertical, and define a plurality of ducts in which the fluid can circulate.
• the space between two successive tubes 2 delimits a space 10 where a flow of air can circulate in order to exchange heat with the fluid circulating in the tubes 2.
• fin-shaped dissipators 8 are arranged in the space where the airflow circulates. These heatsinks 8 have the role of increasing the contact surface with the air flow to optimize the heat exchange between fluid and air flow.
• the dissipators 8 have only been partially represented, it being understood that they can extend over the entire longitudinal dimension of the tubes between which these heat sinks are arranged. .
• Each tube 2 according to the invention is connected to a first collector 12 and to a second manifold 14 through which the fluid is circulated and feed the tubes.
• the first collector 12 is arranged to distribute the fluid entering the heat exchanger 1 in the various tubes 2 constituting said exchanger.
• the second collector 14 is arranged to collect the fluid that has passed through the tubes 2 out of the heat exchanger 1.
• the first and second collectors 12 and 14 are opposed to each other with respect to the stack of tubes 2, each tube extending longitudinally so as to be connected at one end to the first manifold and at a second end to the second manifold.
• the heat exchanger 1 also comprises means for connecting these collectors with a circuit of the fluid outside the heat exchanger 1 and not shown here.
• the first manifold 12 is thus connected to a first connection piece 16 through which the fluid can enter the heat exchanger 1, the second manifold 14 being connected to a second connection piece 18 through which the fluid can exit the Heat exchanger 1.
• Figure 2a shows a tube 2 constituting the first embodiment of the invention.
• This tube 2 of substantially rectangular section, comprises an upstream end 21 and a downstream end 22, defined with respect to a flow direction E of the fluid within the tube 2.
• the upstream end 21 of the tube 2 is connected to the first manifold 12 and the downstream end 22 is connected to the second manifold 14.
• Figure 2b shows a tube 2 constituting the second embodiment of the invention.
• This tube 2 of substantially rectangular section, comprises a first longitudinal end 20 of the tube 2, which is an upstream end, and a second longitudinal end 22 of the tube 2, which is a downstream end, the upstream and the downstream being defined relative to a flow direction E of the fluid within the tube 2.
• the upstream end 20 of the tube 2 is connected to the first manifold 12 and the downstream end 22 is connected to the second manifold 14.
• the tube 2 according to the invention is specific in that it comprises a plurality of disruption devices 4 of the flow of fluids within this tube 2, respectively formed by a local depression of a wall of the tube towards the inside the tube, some of these disturbance devices being visible in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
• the particular shape and arrangement of the disturbance devices will be described in more detail below.
• the tube 2 according to the invention may optionally comprise at least one rib 24, arranged across the tube along its elongation direction, for example when the tube is made by additive manufacturing.
• the rib or ribs contribute to increasing the mechanical strength of the tube 2.
• the tube 2 comprises four ribs 24 arranged at regular intervals, separating the tube 2 into portions of equal length.
• the disturbing devices 4 are preferably arranged on the tube 2 between two ribs 24.
• Figure 3 illustrates the arrangement of the inside of a tube 2 according to the invention.
• the tube 2 has a substantially rectangular sectional shape defined by two large walls, among which a bottom wall 26 and an upper wall 28, and two connecting walls arranged at the opposite ends of these large walls and respectively connecting a large wall to the wall. other for closing the tube 2, among which a first vertical wall 30 and a second vertical wall 32.
• the two large walls extend in a plane defined by the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, and the connecting walls extend the edges vertically transverse ends of the large walls, the tube being open at its longitudinal ends to allow the circulation of the fluid from one collector to the other.
• the upper wall 28 extends mainly in a plane parallel to the plane in which the lower wall 26 extends mainly, and the vertical connecting walls 30, 32 extend in directions parallel to one another, it being understood, as can be seen in FIG. 3, that these connecting walls can take, for manufacturing process reasons, a semicircle shape.
• This set of walls delimits a fluid passage section.
• the tube is thus characterized by a hydraulic diameter of between 1.2 and 2 millimeters. This hydraulic diameter is calculated by excluding the deformation resulting in the formation of disturbance devices.
• An intermediate connecting wall 34 connects the upper wall 28 and the lower wall 26 by separating the tube 2 into two sub-channels, a first subchannel 36 and a second subchannel 38.
• the intermediate connecting wall 34 is advantageously perpendicular to the large walls 26, 28.
• This connecting wall intermediate in that it is arranged inside the tube between the vertical connecting walls 30, 32, is equidistant from the first vertical wall 30 and the second vertical wall 32.
• the first subchannel 36 and the second subchannel 38 thus have equivalent dimensions, each subchannel being defined by the two large walls 26, 28, the intermediate connecting wall 34, and first vertical wall 30 is the second vertical wall 32.
• the constituent tube 2 of the invention has a plurality of perturbation devices 4.
• the disturbance devices 4 extend from the wall of the tube that carries them, that is to say the bottom wall 26 and / or the wall upper 28, towards the inside of the tube 2, that is to say at least partially across the duct defined by the first subchannel 36 or the second subchannel 38.
• the perturbation devices are arranged, for a given fluid circulation channel, so that a cross-sectional strip of the tube 20, of longitudinal dimension equal to that of a device of disturbance and comprising a disruption device in its entirety comprises only this disturbance device.
• a cross-sectional area of the tube that is, for a strip extending between a first plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid along the tube and a second plane perpendicular to the fluid flow direction and parallel to the first plane, a single disturbance device is included in this band.
• disturbance devices 4 extend from the upper wall 28 of the tube 2 into the first subchannel 36, and disturbance devices have since been extended the lower wall 26 of the tube 2 in the second subchannel 38.
• the uniqueness of the perturbation device in the cross-sectional band of the tube is relative to each circulation channel formed for the first and second subchannels.
• the uniqueness of the disturbance device in the cross-sectional band is from one vertical wall to the other. Disturbance devices projecting from the upper wall 28 of the tube 2 will be described more particularly, noting for this purpose that the upper wall 28 comprises an inner face 280, turned towards the inside of the tube, and one face 282 exterior facing the outside of the tube.
• a height 42 of the disturbance device 4 is measured between the lower face 28 of the wall of the tube 2, from which the disturbance device 4 extends, and a vertex 40 which protrudes from the inner face 280, the height 42 being measured in a direction perpendicular to the outer face 282 of Wall.
• the top 40 of the disturbance device 4 is the point of the disturbance device 4 farthest from the wall which carries the disturbance device 4, it being understood that it is also the point of the disturbing device 4 the innermost of the tube and subchannel 36, 38 corresponding.
• a disturbance device 4 according to the invention has a height 42 of between 0.1 millimeter and 0.5 millimeter.
• a disturbance device 4 according to the invention has a height 42 of between 0.1 and 0.3 millimeters. In the example illustrated here, the disturbance device 4 has a height 42 of 0.25 millimeters.
• the disturbance devices 4 are arranged with a longitudinal alternation, as well for two disturbing devices arranged on the upper wall and then the lower wall of the same subchannel, as for two disturbance arranged on the same large wall to lead into the first subchannel and then into the second subchannel.
• a longitudinal alternation for the same circulation channel, that a cross-sectional strip of the tube, of longitudinal dimension equal to that of a disturbance device and comprising a disruption device in its entirety, comprises only this disturbance device.
• the disturbance devices do not overlap, which makes it possible to achieve a disturbance of the fluid flow which is regular along the circulation channel.
• FIGS 4a and 4b illustrate in more detail the shape of a disturbance device 4 according to the invention.
• the disturbance device 4 has the shape of a chevron 43, that is to say that it has a shape of "V" when viewed from above.
• the chevron 43 thus comprises two branches, a first branch 44 and a second branch 46, corresponding to the two branches of the "V", the two branches of the chevron 43 meeting at a point 48.
• Each branch comprises a first free end and a second end opposite the first free end, the second ends of the legs being in contact with each other so as to form the tip 48 of the rafter 43.
• the disturbance device 4 has a flared shape at its base, so that the disturbance device widens from the top 40 to its base formed here by the upper wall 28 of the tube 2, this flaring being particularly dimensioned by the constraints of the manufacturing process .
• the dimensions of the first branch and the second branch forming the "V" of the chevron are defined at the top 40 of the disturbance device, the height 42 of the perturbation device 4 is constant over the entire transverse dimension of these branches.
• the chevron is formed by a plurality of local recesses 100 in series, each having a top 140, so that the top 40 of the chevron is made sequentially, by the presence of successive vertices 140 of each of the local depressions.
• FIG. 4b the general shape of a theoretical vertex of the chevron illustrated by dotted lines, drawn by these successive vertices of the local recesses at a distance from each other, is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4b in particular, the disruption device.
• the disturbance device 4 has a flared shape at its base, so that the disturbance device widens from the top 40 to its base formed here by the upper wall 28 of the tube 2, this flaring being particularly dimensioned by the constraints of the manufacturing process .
• the dimensions of the first branch and the second branch forming the "V" of the chevron are defined at the top 40 of the disturbance device, the height 42 of the perturbation device 4 is constant over the entire transverse dimension of these branches.
• the length of a branch is measured between the first end of the branch and the second end of the branch.
• a first length 444 of the first leg 44 is measured between a first free end 440 of the first leg 44 and a second end 442 of the first leg 44 ⁇
• a second length 464 of the second leg 46 is measured between a first end 460 free of the second branch 46 and a second end 462 of the second branch 46, at the point 48.
• the disturbance device is formed by a plurality of local recesses in series
• the free end 440, 460 of the branch is formed by a vertex of a recess local disposed at the end of the series of local depressions.
• a branch of the disturbance device according to the invention has a length of between 1.55 millimeters and 30 millimeters.
• the first length 444 of the first leg 44 is equal to the second length 464 of the second leg 46, it being understood that these lengths could be different from each other.
• a longitudinal dimension of a disturbance device as a whole as the distance 400 separating the two junction edges 52 furthest apart from each other in the direction of flow E.
• this longitudinal dimension 400 may be between 1 and 20 millimeters.
• a thickness 50 of the disturbance device 4 is measured between a plane perpendicular to the wall of the corresponding tube, here the upper wall 28, and passing through the middle of the branch at the top of the disturbance device, and a parallel plane passing through. by a junction edge 52 of the disturbance device 4 with the wall of the corresponding tube.
• a branch of the disturbance device according to the invention may in particular have a thickness of between 0.5 and 5 millimeters.
• the thickness 50 of the first leg 44 is equal to the thickness 50 of the second leg 46, it being understood that these thicknesses could be different from each other.
• the chevron is formed by a plurality of local recesses 100 in series, each having a top 140 and a joining edge 152 with the wall of the tube. corresponding, so that the junction edge 52 of the chevron is formed by the addition of the junction edges 152 of each of the local depressions. It will be understood that this results in a non-regular junction edge profile as illustrated in FIG. 4b, on which it has also been illustrated in dashed lines the general shape of a theoretical junction edge of the chevron, drawn by these successive junction edges 152 local depressions distant from each other.
• Figures 4a and 4b further illustrate the opening angle of a disturbance device according to the invention, with an angle 54, 56 defined between a branch of the chevron and a straight line defined by the direction of flow E.
• this angle can be between 20 ° and 160 °.
• the first branch 44 and the second branch 46 are arranged with respect to the direction of flow E of the fluid with an equal angle, here equal to 60 °, it being understood that the angles could have different values creating a asymmetry of the disturbance device.
• the tube comprises at least one disturbing device 4 consisting of a local depression of a wall of the tube towards the inside of the tube 42 and having the shape of a chevron 43.
• which chevron shape having a geometrical parameter with a value which evolves between the tip 48 and each of the free ends 440, 460 of the branches 44, 46.
• This geometrical parameter which evolves along the chevron shape may be in particular: the width of each of the branches, the value of the width of each of the branches at the point 48 being greater than the value of the width of each of the free ends 440, 460 of the branches 44, 46; and or
• the angle formed between the branches of the chevron the value of the angle at the tip 48 being less than the value of the angle at the free ends 440, 460 of the branches 44, 46;
• the height of the chevron the value of the height at the point 48 being greater than the value of the height 424 of each of the free ends 440, 460 of the branches 44, 46.
• FIG. 5 more particularly illustrates the characteristics relating to the height of a disturbance device 4.
• a height of the disturbance device 4 is measured between the inner face 280 of the wall of the tube 2, from which the disturbance device 4 extends, and a vertex which projects from the inside face 280, the height being measured in a direction perpendicular to the inner face 280 of the wall.
• the height of the disturbance device 4 is not equal at any point of the disturbance device 4. More particularly, the height of the disturbance device 4 is variable in that, at the from its point 48, the height has a value different from the height value of the disturbing device 4 at the free end 440, 460 of at least one branch 44, 46.
• a height 420 of the tip 48 is measured between the inside face 280 of the wall of the tube 2 and an apex 422 of the tip 48, in a direction perpendicular to the inside face 280 of the wall.
• a height 424 of a free end 440, 460 of a branch 44, 46 is measured between the inner face 280 of the wall of the tube 2 and a top 426 of the free end 440, 460 of a branch 44, 46, in a direction perpendicular to the inner face 280 of the wall.
• the value of the height 420 of the tip 48 is between 0.1 millimeter and 0.5 millimeter.
• the value of the height 420 of the tip 48 is between 0.3 and 0.5 millimeters.
• the height 424 of a free end 440, 460 of a branch 44, 46 is equal to or substantially equal to half the value of the height 420 of the point 48.
• the value of the height 424 of a free end 440, 460 of a branch 44, 46 is between 0.05 and 0.25 millimeters.
• the height of the disturbance device at its tip has a value greater than the height value of the disturbance device 4 at each of the free ends 440, 460 of the branches 44, 46.
• the height variable of the disturbance device can be advantageously such that the height of the disturbance device at its tip is equal to the sum of the height values of the disturbance device 4 at each of the free ends 440, 460 branches 44, 46 .
• the transition between the top 422 of the tip 48 and the top 426 of a free end 440, 460 of a branch 44, 46 is made by a regular ramp 428.
• regular is meant that the ramp 428 describes a straight line between the top 422 of the tip 48 and the top 426 of a free end 440, 460 of a branch 44, 46.
• a disturbance device 4 is arranged in a fluid circulation channel in the tube to disturb the fluid and it is thus possible to define on this disturbance device a leading surface and a surface of leakage, the leading surface being the surface of the disturbance device 4 first exposed to the fluid flowing in the tube 2 and the leakage surface being the opposite surface in the direction of flow of the fluid.
• the leading surface of the disturbance device 4 is either a first continuous surface 430 defined by the flared surface around the tip when the tip 48 of the disturbance device 4 is arranged upstream. of the perturbation device 4 with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid within the tube 2, ie a discontinuous second surface 432 defined by the sum of the flared surfaces around the free ends of the branches when these free ends are arranged upstream of the device 4 perturbation with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid within the tube 2.
• the first surface 430 continues, forming a leading surface or leakage surface according to the orientation of the disturbance device in the tube, has an area of value equal to the value of the area of the second discontinuous area 432, obtained by the sum of the areas e each defined surfaces around a free end 440, 460 branch of the disturbance device 4.
• the extent of the leading surface of a disturbance device 4 is the same as the extent of the trailing surface of this disturbance device, and therefore the driving surface remains the same regardless of the orientation of the perturbation device with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid within the tube 2.
• a plurality of disturbance devices can be provided in the fluid circulation channel formed inside the tube, so that a first perturbation device is arranged in the tube in a first direction, for example in the flow direction of the fluid with the free ends of the branches located upstream and reached first by the fluid and with the tip downstream, and a second disturbance device is arranged in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and so that the leading surface of the first disturbance device is equal to the leading surface of the second disturbance device.
• FIG. 6 illustrates the arrangement of the inside of a tube 2 according to the invention, seen from above, making visible the upper wall 28 of the tube and the perturbation devices 4 disposed therein.
• the perturbation devices arranged on the bottom wall 26 are drawn in fine lines while the perturbation devices arranged on the upper wall 28 are drawn in thick lines.
• the disturbance devices 4 extend towards the inside of the tube 2 and across the fluid flow in one or other of the subchannels. 36, 38.
• the disturbance devices can be alternated on the wall upper 28 and the bottom wall 26, as visible in Figure 6.
• the fluid is thus caused to be stirred by a disruption device formed projecting from the upper wall, and thus be directed to the lower wall, to meet then the following perturbation device, arranged in projection of this wall lower.
• the perturbation devices 4 according to the invention are arranged projecting from a wall of the tube in an orientation that may be a function of the flow direction E, represented by an arrow, in particular in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 4a, 4b and 6
• the perturbation devices projecting from the bottom wall 26 are arranged in a first direction and the perturbation devices projecting from the upper wall 28 are arranged in a second direction opposite to the first sense.
• the chevrons forming the perturbation devices projecting from the bottom wall 26 point towards the downstream end 22 of the tube 2, so that their tip 48 is reached last by the fluid passing through the subchannel in which the disturbance device protrudes
• the chevrons forming the perturbation devices projecting from the upper wall 28 point towards the upstream end 20, 21 of the tube 2, so that their tip 48 is reached first by the fluid passing through the subchannel in which the disturbance device protrudes.
• a first chevron is formed projecting from a first of the large walls, in a first direction
• a second chevron is formed projecting from the second of the large walls, in a second direction
• a third chevron is formed projecting again from the first of the large walls, in a first sense, etc.
• the disturbance devices 4 can be arranged in series in each of the lines with a pitch between each disturbing device of the same line which is here between 1.5 and 30 millimeters.
• this step has a value of between 5 and 10 millimeters.
• the pitch is measured between the point 48 of two successive chevrons of the same line.
• FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative arrangement of the perturbation devices 4 on the tube 2 according to the invention.
• the disturbance devices 4 are aligned in the longitudinal direction L of the tube 2 in three lines 80, while they were arranged in two lines by subchannels in the arrangement shown in Figure 6 for example.
• Two adjacent lines 80 are separated by an interline 82, measured between a first line 84 and a second line 86 in a direction perpendicular to the first line 84.
• the spacing of two adjacent lines corresponding to the value of this interline distance 82, is between 1.5 and 30 millimeters.
• the interline distance 82 has a value of between 3 and 5 millimeters. In the example described here, the spacing is identical between each line of adjacent disturbance devices.
• the disturbance devices 4 are arranged in series in each of the lines 80 with a pitch 90 between each disturbing device of the same line which is here between 1.5 and 30 millimeters.
• the pitch 90 has a value of between 5 and 10 millimeters.
• the pitch is measured between the point 48 of two successive chevrons of the same line.
• the pitch 90 is identical over the entire line 80.
• the presence of an identical pitch between successive chevrons of the same line of dispensing devices is particularly applicable to the arrangements of rafters described above.
• a cross-sectional strip 20 of the tube 2 comprises a single perturbation device 4.
• the cross-sectional strip 20 is a strip extending between a first plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid along the tube, and a second plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid and parallel to the first plane, of longitudinal dimension equivalent to that of a chevron.
• the band When this band is centered on a chevron, the band comprises a single disturbance device, the neighboring perturbation devices being arranged outside this band.
• the perturbation devices 4 of two adjacent lines are not aligned, a disturbance device 4 of a first line 84 being arranged with respect to another disturbance device of a second line 84 with a shift longitudinal 96.
• This longitudinal offset 96 is measured between a first transverse plane passing through the tip 48 of a chevron arranged in n-th of a first line 84 of disturbance devices 4 and a second transverse plane passing through the tip 48 of a chevron arranged in n-th of a second line 84 of disturbance devices 4 immediately adjacent.
• the longitudinal offset 96 is greater than the longitudinal dimension 400 of the chevron as previously described, so that the free ends of the chevron branches of a disturbance device do not extend in the cross-sectional band having the adjacent disturbance device. As illustrated in FIG. 6, such a longitudinal offset 96 can generate a neutral space 97, that is to say without disturbance of the flow between the top of a disturbance device and the free ends of the branches of the immediately adjacent disturbance device. In this way, the cross-sectional strip 20 comprises a single disturbance device.
• the tube 2 according to the invention is made from a sheet of a material arranged to allow heat exchange sufficient to allow the heat exchanger 1 to fulfill its role. It may especially be aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
• Disturbance devices 4 are obtained respectively by a plurality of local depressions, made in series by stamping or stamping on the matrix defined by the sheet, before it is folded to give the tube 2 according to the invention.
• the tube 2 is then brazed, alone or with other identical tubes 2, in order to freeze the final shape.
• the heatsinks 8 can also be brazed to the tubes 2 during this operation, or be reported in a subsequent step.
• the heat exchanger 1 can then be mounted by connecting the tubes 2 to the first manifold 12, the second manifold 14, the first sleeve 16 and the second sleeve 18, and then connected to a fluid circuit.
• other manufacturing methods can be employed.
• the tube 2 according to the invention could be manufactured by an additive manufacturing process.
• the fluid is a heat transfer liquid or a mixture between one or more heat transfer liquids and one or more other fluids, the heat transfer fluid or liquids being selected from the heat transfer liquids authorized and adapted to the use that is made of them.
• the heat transfer liquid or liquids may in particular be water, deionized water, a mixture of glycol and water.
• the heat exchanger 1 thus arranged is able to operate according to the following example. This example is not limiting, other operations can be envisaged.
• the fluid circulates within the tubes 2 forming the heat exchanger 1. More particularly, the fluid is admitted into the first manifold 12 via the first sleeve 16, the first sleeve 16 being connected to the fluid circuit outside the heat exchanger. heat 1. From the first collector 12, the fluid is distributed and circulates within the various tubes 2 of the invention, and in the illustrated cases where an intermediate wall is formed inside the tube, within the various sub-tubes. -channels formed in each of these tubes. The fluid flowing between the upstream end 20, 21 and the downstream end 22 of the tubes 2 will be stirred by the perturbation devices 4 disposed within the tubes 2. After its circulation along the tubes 2, the fluid is collected in the second collector 14, then sent into the external circuit through the second sleeve 18.
• a flow of air circulates in the space 10 between the tubes 2 of the heat exchanger 1.
• the fluid will exchange calories with the air flow via the walls of the tube 2 and the dissipators 8 arranged in the space 10 between the tubes 2.
• the fluid circulating within the tubes 2 will transfer calories to the walls of the tube 2 and the dissipators 8 arranged in contact with the walls of the tube 2, so that the air flow, in contact with the heatsinks 8, can absorb the heat diffused by the heatsinks 8, thus raising its temperature.
• FIG. 8 illustrates the upper wall 28 on which a plurality of pairs of disturbance devices are made.
• the arrangement of the perturbation devices has an effect on the flow of fluid inside the tube and the mixing of this fluid that is made, but it will be understood that the passages that will follow on the realization of a disturbance device in particular apply with other arrangements of disturbance devices along the tube.
• a disturbance device 4 is formed on this upper wall of the tube by a plurality of local recesses 100 arranged in a series taking the form of a chevron, that is to say with essentially two branches 44, 46 which join together at one of their ends to form a tip 48. As has been previously stated, there is also distinguished on the disturbance device a free end 440, 460 branches opposite the tip.
• a first local recess 101 is formed to form said tip 48 and second local recesses 102 are formed to respectively form these free ends 440, 460.
• Local third recesses 103 are arranged between the first local recess 101 and the second local recesses 102 to each form a branch 44, 46.
• a single third local recess 103 is disposed between the first local depression forming the tip of the rafter and the second local depression forming the free end of the branch, this unique third local depression 103 forming the body of the branch 44, 46 corresponding.
• a plurality of local third recess 103 here two, are arranged side by side to form one of the branches of the chevron.
• each local depression 100 results from a deformation of the wall and thus comprises a top 140 which extends inside the tube, a joining edge 152 with the wall of the tube corresponding, and a flared connection portion 110 which connects the vertex to this junction edge.
• the shape of the flared connection portion 110 is defined by the shape of the tool carrying the pattern used for the deformation of the wall of the tube, and it is particularly in what is illustrated frustoconical. In the configuration illustrated in FIGS.
• the chevron is oriented with respect to the direction of flow E so that the point of the chevron forms a leading edge, that is to say the portion of the chevron impacted by first by the fluid flowing in the tube, and so that the free ends of the branches respectively form a trailing edge, that is to say the portion of the chevron impacted last by the fluid flowing in the tube.
• the first local depression 101 is intended to form the tip and therefore the leading edge of the chevron
• the second local recesses 102 are intended to form the free ends of the chevron and thus the trailing edges of the chevron.
• the trailing edges should have similar shapes, so that at least the second local indentations are made by the same patterns.
• all local depressions are made by the same pattern, namely a circular shaped punch, and as a result the flared connection portions 110 all have the same shape.
• the spacing of the local depressions relative to each other, and more particularly the separation of a local depression relative to the local depression immediately adjacent to the series, is defined according to the shape that one wishes to give chevron composed by these different local depressions.
• the local recesses will be very close to each other.
• the local recesses may be spaced from each other and the disturbance device As an example, it may present a single third local depression per branch as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9.
• At least the third local recesses 103 are made close to each other so that the flared connection portion 120 of a third local recess overlaps with the flared connection portion of a third neighboring local recess and forms a in this way, an overlap zone 122, visible in particular in FIGS. 11 and 12. A continuity of the segments connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge is thus generated, and it is ensured that the fluid does not pass through the chevron through holes left in the branches between two local indentations.
• FIG. 11 illustrates the aforementioned use of circular patterns, with here two third local recesses provided for each branch, so that it clearly appears that the flared connection portion 110 of each local recess 100 overlaps with the part flared connection of each neighboring local depression.
• Figure 12 illustrates local depressions made by rectangular patterns, which gives the chevron thus formed a stepped shape. Again, the number and approximation of the local recesses relative to each other allows to obtain a continuous chevron, that is to say without interruption between the leading edge and the trailing edges.
• the rectangular patterns are arranged parallel to each other, but one could provide an inclination of the local recesses relative to each other to facilitate the flow of the fluid impacting the chevron thus composed.
• Figure 13 illustrates a variant in which the patterns used to achieve the local dents differ depending on the area of the chevron they participate to achieve.
• the free ends forming the trailing edges, or the leading edges according to the orientation of the chevron in the tube are made with patterns of the same shape, here circular.
• the third local indentations are made with rectangle-shaped patterns, straight, aligned on the straight line connecting the vertex to the corresponding free end of the chevron.
• the first local sink is made with a sharp shape pattern.
• a form of elementary pattern is advantageously associated with the function of the zone of the chevron that this elementary pattern participates in producing: the pointed form at the top of the chevron facilitates the deviation of the fluid on either side of the chevron, the rectilinear shape on the branches facilitates the guiding of the fluid along the branches, towards the trailing edges, and the rounded shape of these trailing edges allows continuity without eddy of the passage of the fluid. It is understood from the foregoing that a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger tube according to the third embodiment of the invention as previously described is specific in that it comprises a plurality of driving steps.
• several depression steps are performed on a defined zone of a wall forming the tube.
• Several other driving steps are provided for the formation of other disturbance devices, and this simultaneously or later than those provided for the formation of the first device of disturbance.
• the plurality of depressing steps can be performed here also successively or simultaneously.
• the driving steps are advantageously carried out successively, so that the formation of a local depression and in particular of its flared connection portion comes to overlap with the previous local depression, and in particular its flared connection portion.

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• 2018
  • 2018-07-31 CN CN201880048225.0A patent/CN111565861A/zh active Pending
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