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EP3624952B1 - Spender für mehrphasige flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Spender für mehrphasige flüssigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3624952B1
EP3624952B1 EP18718596.2A EP18718596A EP3624952B1 EP 3624952 B1 EP3624952 B1 EP 3624952B1 EP 18718596 A EP18718596 A EP 18718596A EP 3624952 B1 EP3624952 B1 EP 3624952B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
fluid
dispenser according
outlet orifices
inlet orifice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18718596.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3624952A1 (de
Inventor
Raymond Hallot
Sadia SHAIEK
Thomas VALDENAIRE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saipem SA
Original Assignee
Saipem SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saipem SA filed Critical Saipem SA
Publication of EP3624952A1 publication Critical patent/EP3624952A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3624952B1 publication Critical patent/EP3624952B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/006—Construction of elements by which the vortex flow is generated or degenerated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of multiphase fluid distributors making it possible to divide in equal parts a fluid flow composed of several different phases into several fluid flows having the same flow rate and the same composition. at a longitudinal end of inlet ports and at an opposite longitudinal end of outlet ports is described in the document WO 2010/131958 A1 .
  • a particular field of application of the invention relates to underwater effluent treatment equipment used in the production of hydrocarbons, for example oil and gas, from subsea production wells.
  • the underwater treatment of hydrocarbons from subsea production wells is becoming a real need to make it possible to optimize production, in particular at great depths.
  • underwater gravity separators of the gas / liquid type called multi-pipe separators or condensate traps, which make it possible to optimize protection of wells as well as managing production stoppages and restarting by depressurizing production lines.
  • submarine gravity separators of the liquid / liquid type namely here oil / water
  • Another particular field of application of the invention relates to the equitable distribution of a multiphase hydrocarbon production fluid in the multiple branches of a heat exchanger or in multiple exchangers which operate in parallel, for the purpose of cooling. or to heat this production fluid.
  • Yet another particular field of application of the invention relates to the equitable distribution of a production gas in the multiple branches of a condenser or in multiple condensers which operate in parallel, for the purpose of dewatering or condensing the gases. light phases of the gas, in order to condition it prior to transport along a pipeline at low temperature.
  • the distributors known from the prior art generally comprise a cylindrical inlet, of a size close to that of the supply pipe, at the bottom of which opens a succession of small orifices arranged axisymmetrically. So that this distribution is insensitive to the flow regime, the distributor is generally arranged vertically, with the inlet at the bottom and the outlet openings at the top, in order to cancel out the effects that gravity could have on the location of the phases. just before the distribution. Furthermore, the feed pipe will advantageously be positioned vertically and of a length greater than ten times its diameter so that the multiphase flow presents an axisymmetric facies (at least on average over a period of a few seconds), a guarantee of fairness. of distribution.
  • these dispensers may have certain limitations.
  • the main aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a multiphase fluid distributor which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • this object is achieved by means of a multiphase fluid distributor according to claim 1.
  • the multiphase fluid enters the interior of the enclosure through the inlet orifice, being injected tangentially thereto. Thanks to the centrifugal force, the liquid phase of a gas / liquid fluid will press against the internal wall of the enclosure to form a liquid film flowing in a helical gyratory movement, while the gaseous part of the gas / fluid liquid will form a central gas flow flowing longitudinally from bottom to top at the center of the liquid film.
  • the multiphase fluid entering the interior of the enclosure is directed towards the opposite end of the enclosure, so that the particles of the liquid film thus created follow upward helical paths.
  • the liquid film On reaching the opposite end of the enclosure, the liquid film is ejected under the effect of centrifugal force from the enclosure through the outlet orifices.
  • the gaseous phase of the multiphase fluid As for the gaseous phase of the multiphase fluid, it will accumulate in the center of the upper part of the enclosure and will be able to flow through the upper part of the outlet orifices. If the liquid film however occupies the entire section of these orifices, this gaseous phase will see its pressure increase until it escapes periodically through the outlet orifices in passing through the liquid film when its pressure becomes greater than that of the outlet orifices (phenomenon of rapid pulsations).
  • the equidistribution of different phases of the multiphase fluid thus results from the axial symmetry of the distributor and the axial symmetry of the flow within the enclosure. Furthermore, it has been observed that the multiphase fluid is evacuated fairly through the various outlet orifices, provided that the speed of centrifugation of the fluid is sufficient and that the pulsation of the intermittent expulsion of the gas phase of the multiphase fluid takes place. also fairly.
  • a minimum tangential speed of 0.8m / s as well as a minimum axial speed of 0.1m / s for all the combined phases are necessary in the enclosure. These speeds are obtained by the appropriate sizing of the enclosure and its internal elements as a function of the fluid flow rates to be considered. As for the pulsation of the expulsion of the gaseous phase through the liquid film in front of the outlet orifices, this is carried out equitably provided that the pressures prevailing in each of the outlet orifices are substantially balanced.
  • the distributor further comprises fluid guiding means for imparting a helical movement to the fluid flowing inside the enclosure from the inlet port to the outlet ports.
  • the fluid guide means can advantageously comprise a guide ramp having the shape of a helix centered on the longitudinal axis of the enclosure.
  • the guide ramp can be carried by a cylinder centered on the longitudinal axis of the enclosure or by an internal wall of the enclosure.
  • the latter When carried by a cylinder, the latter also advantageously carries a deflector positioned opposite the inlet orifice to help the fluid to take the guide ramp.
  • the inlet orifice advantageously opens inside the enclosure forming an inclined angle in the direction of the outlet orifices.
  • the inlet orifice may form an angle with a transverse axis of the enclosure which is substantially equal to an angle of the helix of the guide ramp.
  • the angle of the inlet port and the helix of the guide ramp with the transverse axis of the enclosure is between 5 ° and 30 °.
  • the dispenser may further comprise a ring of erosion-resistant material centered on the longitudinal axis of the enclosure and positioned inside the latter, said ring being provided with a plurality of fluid passage slots. each positioned opposite an outlet orifice.
  • the enclosure may further include a gas exhaust port centered on the longitudinal axis of the enclosure and located at the longitudinal end of the enclosure. enclosure at which the outlet openings are positioned. This exhaust orifice makes it possible to extract as much gas as possible upstream of the distribution so as to minimize the gas content of the distributed fluid.
  • the enclosure may be formed by the sealed assembly between a box and a cover, the inlet port being formed in the box and the outlet ports being formed in the lid.
  • the fluid guide means are configured to allow the fluid to make two turns around the longitudinal axis of the enclosure from the inlet orifice to the outlet orifices. This characteristic makes it possible to obtain an enclosure of great compactness by reducing the travel distance between the inlet orifice and the outlet orifices.
  • the invention relates to a multiphase fluid distributor fitted to subsea effluent treatment equipment, in particular segmented gravity separators which are used in the production of hydrocarbons in deep offshore.
  • multiphase fluid is meant here a fluid comprising at least two different phases, for example a liquid phase and a gas phase.
  • the figures 1 to 5 show a distributor 2 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the distributor 2 comprises in particular a cylindrical enclosure 4 of longitudinal axis X-X positioned vertically. At its lower longitudinal end, the enclosure 4 comprises an inlet orifice 6 for the multiphase fluid. At its upper longitudinal end opposite the lower end, the enclosure has a plurality of cylindrical outlet openings 8.
  • the inlet orifice 6 opens inside the enclosure 4, on the one hand in a direction substantially tangential to the latter, and on the other hand by forming an angle ⁇ with an axis transverse YY of the enclosure which is inclined in the direction of the outlet openings 8.
  • This angle ⁇ is preferably between 5 ° and 30 °.
  • the multiphase fluid enters the enclosure of the distributor in its lower part while being driven in an upward helical movement around the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure.
  • the tangential orientation of the inlet orifice makes it possible in particular to limit the impact of the multiphase fluid jet against the internal wall of the enclosure and facilitates the rapid formation of a liquid film in helical rotation, pressed against the internal wall.
  • distributor body 4
  • outlet orifices 8 they are on the exemplary embodiment of figures 1 to 5 eight in number and are regularly distributed around the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure.
  • outlet orifices 8 each have a cylindrical shape with a respective longitudinal axis 8a, these longitudinal axes 8a all being situated in the same transverse plane P of the enclosure 4.
  • the cross section (of circular shape) of the orifices of outlet is identical for all the outlet orifices and they open inside the enclosure in a direction substantially tangential thereto.
  • the respective longitudinal axes 8a of two adjacent outlet orifices 8 form between them an angle ⁇ which is preferably less than 30 °, this angle ⁇ being the same for all the outlet orifices.
  • the distribution of the outlet orifices 8 has axial symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis X-X. It follows that when the liquid pressed against the internal wall of the enclosure and driven in an upward helical movement around the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure reaches the level of the transverse plane P, it is ejected, under the effect of centrifugal force, in all of the outlet orifices, the flow rate ejected of fluid through each outlet orifice being substantially the same for all of the outlet orifices due to the regularity of the thickness of the liquid film and of its ascending helical motion.
  • the distributor according to the invention further comprises fluid guiding means for imparting a helical movement to the fluid flowing inside the enclosure from the inlet orifice to the outlet orifices.
  • a guide ramp 10 having the shape of a helix centered on the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure 4 of the distributor is positioned inside the enclosure between the inlet orifice 6 and the orifices output 8.
  • this helix-shaped guide ramp 10 can be more precisely carried by a cylinder 12 which is centered on the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure.
  • this guide ramp could be carried by the internal wall of the enclosure.
  • orientation and the angle formed by the helix of the guide ramp 10 with a transverse axis YY of the enclosure are identical to the orientation and the angle ⁇ formed by the inlet orifice. 6 with this transverse axis.
  • the operation of the distributor 2 follows from the above.
  • the multiphase fluid enters from below into the enclosure 4 of the distributor tangentially thereto and is directed towards the top of the distributor at an angle of between 5 ° and 30 ° with respect to the horizontal.
  • the liquid phase of the multiphase fluid will develop a liquid film pressed against the internal wall of the enclosure, this liquid film, where appropriate, borrowing the guide ramp 10 to be directed towards the upper part of the chamber.
  • the enclosure where the outlet orifices 8 are positioned As for the gaseous phase of the multiphase fluid, it will concentrate in the center of the enclosure to rise to the top of the enclosure.
  • the liquid film flowing helically around the longitudinal axis XX is ejected under the effect of centrifugal force out of the enclosure into each outlet orifice 8 in being evenly distributed for all outlets.
  • the gaseous phase of the multiphase fluid it will accumulate in the center of the upper part of the enclosure and will be able to flow through the upper part of the outlet orifices. If the liquid film however occupies the entire section of these orifices, this gas phase will see its pressure increase until it escapes periodically through the outlet orifices 8 when its pressure exceeds that of the outlet orifices (phenomenon of pulsation).
  • the distributor 2 further comprises a ring 14 which is centered on the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure and which is positioned inside the latter, this ring being provided with a plurality of slits of fluid passage 16 which are each positioned opposite an outlet port 8.
  • this ring 14 with its fluid passage slots 16 upstream of the outlet orifices 8 has the advantage of allowing the use of materials resistant to erosion, such as ceramic, tungsten carbides, etc. in areas with sharp edges to be protected from erosion that can be induced by high flow velocities and solid particles possibly entrained by the fluid, while retaining for the other parts of the distributor the use of more conventional materials, less expensive and easier to machine, such as carbon steel, iron-nickel alloys, etc.
  • the enclosure 4 is formed by the assembly between a box 18 and a cover 20, the inlet orifice 6 being formed in the box 18 and the outlet orifices 8 being formed in the cover. This assembly is sealed by means of an annular weld joint 22 between these two elements.
  • the distributor is for example used in an underwater gravity separator of the oil / water type, or a multitube heat exchanger.
  • the enclosure 4 'of the distributor 2' of this second embodiment further comprises a gas exhaust port 24 which is centered on the longitudinal axis XX of the enclosure and which is located at the longitudinal end of the enclosure at which the outlet openings 8 'are positioned.
  • a buffer zone 26 is arranged within the enclosure 4 'between the outlet orifices 8' and the gas exhaust orifice 24.
  • this distributor 2 ′ The operation of this distributor 2 ′ is as follows.
  • the multiphase fluid enters the enclosure 4 ′ of the distributor tangentially thereto and is directed towards the top of the distributor at an angle of between 5 ° and 30 ° with respect to the horizontal.
  • the liquid phase of the fluid will develop a liquid film pressed against the internal wall of the enclosure, this liquid film, where appropriate, borrowing the guide ramp 10 'to be directed towards the upper part of the chamber.
  • the phase gaseous from the multiphase fluid it will concentrate in the center of the chamber to rise to the top of the chamber.
  • the gas phase of the multiphase fluid As for the gas phase of the multiphase fluid, it will accumulate at the level of the buffer zone 26 in the upper part of the enclosure 4 '. In this buffer zone, the gas will get rid of the last drops of liquid which are entrained radially by centrifugal force and vertically by their own weight to join the liquid film and be evacuated through the outlet orifices 8 '.
  • the gas pressure in this buffer zone exceeds that of the gas exhaust port 24
  • the gaseous phase of the multiphase fluid will be evacuated by the gas exhaust port but also by the outlet ports, provided that the pressure which y reign remains strictly less than that reigning in the outlet orifices 8 '.
  • the cylinder 12, 12 ' which carries the guide ramp 10, 10' also carries a deflector 28 which is positioned opposite the inlet orifice. This deflector helps the fluid to take the guide ramp.

Landscapes

  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verteiler (2; 2') für ein mehrphasiges Fluid, umfassend eine zylindrische Einhausung (4; 4'), die an einem Längsende eine Eintrittsöffnung (6; 6') und an einem entgegengesetzten Längsende mehrere zylindrische Austrittsöffnungen (8; 8') mit demselben Profilschnitt aufweist, die regelmäßig um eine Längsachse (X-X) der Einhausung herum verteilt und gemäß einer selben Ebene (P) quer zu der Einhausung ausgerichtet sind, wobei die Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnungen sich jeweils im Inneren der Einhausung gemäß einer Richtung im Wesentlichen tangential zu der Einhausung öffnen, wobei der Verteiler ferner Mittel zur Fluidführung (10; 10') umfasst, um dem Fluid, das im Inneren der Einhausung von der Eintrittsöffnung zu den Austrittsöffnungen strömt, eine spiralförmige Bewegung aufzuzwingen.
  2. Verteiler nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Mittel zur Fluidführung eine Führungsrampe (10; 10') umfassen, welche die Form einer Spirale aufweist, die an der Längsachse der Einhausung zentriert ist.
  3. Verteiler nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Führungsrampe (10; 10') von einem Zylinder (12; 12'), der an der Längsachse der Einhausung zentriert ist, oder von einer Innenwand der Einhausung getragen wird.
  4. Verteiler nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Zylinder ferner einen Deflektor (28) trägt, der gegenüber der Eintrittsöffnung (6; 6') positioniert ist, um das Fluid dabei zu unterstützen, die Führungsrampe zu nehmen.
  5. Verteiler nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, wobei die Eintrittsöffnung (6; 6') sich im Inneren der Einhausung öffnet, indem sie einen Winkel (α) bildet, der in Richtung der Austrittsöffnungen (8; 8') schräg steht.
  6. Verteiler nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Eintrittsöffnung (6; 6') einen Winkel (α) mit einer Querachse (Y-Y) der Einhausung bildet, der im Wesentlichen gleich einem Winkel der Spirale der Führungsrampe ist.
  7. Verteiler nach Anspruch 6, wobei der Winkel, den die Eintrittsöffnung und die Spirale der Führungsrampe mit der Querachse der Einhausung bilden, zwischen 5° und 30° beträgt.
  8. Verteiler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, ferner umfassend einen Ring (14) aus einem erosionsbeständigen Material, der an der Längsachse der Einhausung zentriert und im Inneren derselben positioniert ist, wobei der Ring mit mehreren Fluiddurchgangsschlitzen (16) versehen ist, die jeweils gegenüber einer Austrittsöffnung positioniert sind.
  9. Verteiler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Einhausung (4') ferner eine Gasentweichöffnung (24) umfasst, die an der Längsachse der Einhausung zentriert ist und sich an einem Längsende der Einhausung befindet, an welchem die Austrittsöffnungen (8') positioniert sind.
  10. Verteiler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Einhausung durch den dichten Zusammenbau einer Kassette (18) und eines Deckels (20) gebildet wird, wobei die Eintrittsöffnung in der Kassette gebildet ist und die Austrittsöffnungen in dem Deckel gebildet sind.
  11. Verteiler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei die Mittel zur Fluidführung (10; 10') ausgestaltet sind, um dem Fluid zu erlauben, zwei Umläufe um die Längsachse der Einhausung von der Eintrittsöffnung bis zu den Austrittsöffnungen auszuführen.
EP18718596.2A 2017-05-16 2018-03-29 Spender für mehrphasige flüssigkeit Active EP3624952B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1754301A FR3066414B1 (fr) 2017-05-16 2017-05-16 Distributeur de fluide multiphasique
PCT/FR2018/050777 WO2018211183A1 (fr) 2017-05-16 2018-03-29 Distributeur de fluide multiphasique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3624952A1 EP3624952A1 (de) 2020-03-25
EP3624952B1 true EP3624952B1 (de) 2021-06-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18718596.2A Active EP3624952B1 (de) 2017-05-16 2018-03-29 Spender für mehrphasige flüssigkeit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11305296B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3624952B1 (de)
BR (1) BR112019022597B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3066414B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2018211183A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114320256B (zh) * 2022-03-10 2022-05-31 东营宝业石油技术开发有限责任公司 井下配注器

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2154779A (en) * 1937-02-24 1939-04-18 Shepherd Thomas Lambert Method of and means for classifying and separating suspended solids
US3010579A (en) * 1959-08-17 1961-11-28 Duesling Clarence Lehi Mineral desliming concentrating and separating apparatus
US4053291A (en) * 1976-08-18 1977-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Cylindrical deaerator
IT1171172B (it) * 1983-06-03 1987-06-10 Umberto Manola Dispositivo particolarmente adatto per impianti adibiti alla separazione fisica dei componenti di farine ad uso alimentare o per altri usi
FR2660214B1 (fr) * 1990-03-28 1993-10-29 Hispano Suiza Dispositif desaerateur d'huile.
US7185765B2 (en) * 2003-11-19 2007-03-06 Hakola Gordon R Cyclone with in-situ replaceable liner system and method for accomplishing same
JP2006272322A (ja) * 2005-03-29 2006-10-12 Samsung Kwangju Electronics Co Ltd サイクロン集塵装置
GB2462213B (en) * 2006-06-16 2010-12-22 Cameron Int Corp Separator and method of separation
NL2000429C2 (nl) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-14 Schinfa Engineering Inrichting en werkwijze voor het met een stationaire cycloon separeren van een stromend mediummengsel.
JP5132476B2 (ja) 2008-08-12 2013-01-30 株式会社東芝 使用済核燃料の再処理方法および遠心抽出装置
US8991622B2 (en) * 2009-05-12 2015-03-31 Advanced Technologies & Innovations B. V. Separating device and method with a return flow of heavy fraction
MA46853A (fr) * 2016-11-17 2019-09-25 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd Dispositif distributeur d'appareil séparateur cyclone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3624952A1 (de) 2020-03-25
FR3066414A1 (fr) 2018-11-23
BR112019022597B1 (pt) 2023-02-14
FR3066414B1 (fr) 2020-11-06
WO2018211183A1 (fr) 2018-11-22
US20210069731A1 (en) 2021-03-11
US11305296B2 (en) 2022-04-19
BR112019022597A2 (pt) 2020-05-19

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