EP3620723B1

EP3620723B1 - Refilling device for a hydronic heating system and method of operating

Info

Publication number: EP3620723B1
Application number: EP18192979.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ivo Chromy; Jasa ZDENEK; Pascal JOOS; Steffen Raule; Josef Hladky; Ondrej PAVELKA; Patrick NEUREITHER
Original assignee: Ademco Inc
Current assignee: Ademco Inc
Priority date: 2018-09-06
Filing date: 2018-09-06
Publication date: 2023-07-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-06
Also published as: US20200080728A1; US20200080729A1; EP3620723A1; US11473784B2

Description

The present patent application relates to a refilling device for a hydronic heating system and to a method of operating the refilling device.
The product leaflet "NK300SE-SO, Refilling combination with heatwater treatment unit and softening cartridge, ENOH-1560GE23 R0117, Honeywell GmbH, year 2017" discloses a refilling device for a hydronic heating system. The refilling device known from that product leaflet is a combination of two separate sub-devices, namely of a refilling combination known from the product leaflet "NK300S, Refilling combination, ENOH-1556GE23 R0117, Honeywell GmbH, year 2017" and of a heatwater treatment unit known from the product leaflet "VE300S, Heatwater treatment unit, ENOH-1564GE23 R0117, Honeywell GmbH, year 2017". The refilling combination and the heatwater treatment unit each have a separate housing. The housing of the refilling combination has an inlet port and an outlet port. The housing of heatwater treatment unit has also an inlet port and an outlet port. When assembling the refilling device the inlet port of the housing of the heatwater treatment unit is connected to the outlet port of the refilling combination. The housing of the refilling combination accommodates two manually actuated shut-off-valves, a backflow preventer, a pressure reducing valve and a pressure gauge. The housing of the heatwater treatment unit provides a connection socket for a softening and/or demineralization cartridge and accommodates another manually actuated shut-off-valve. The heatwater treatment unit has a controller to simplify exchange of the softening and/or demineralization cartridge.
DE 20 2014 103 898 U1 discloses a heatwater treatment unit having a housing accommodating two manually actuated shut-off-valves, a system separator having two backflow preventers, a pressure reducing valve and a flow meter.
DE 2010 008 759 U1 discloses a multi part fitting assembly. The assembly comprises an inlet shut-off-valve, a pressure reducer, a backflow preventer, a conductivity sensor and an inlet shut-off-valve. Separate housings are jointed together.
EP 2 778 560 A1 discloses a fitting, namely refilling device, having a system separator with backflow preventers, an inlet shut-off-valve, a pressure reducer, a pressure sensor and a filter. Separate housings are jointed together.
DE 10 2009 052 728 A1 discloses a water connection system comprising a conductivity sensor, a flow meter and an outlet shut-off-valve.
Against this background a novel refilling device for a hydronic heating system is provided. The refilling device for a hydronic heating system according to the invention is defined in the claim 1.
The refilling device according to the invention comprises a monolithic housing providing an inlet port, an outlet port, a middle section providing a flow channel for water extending between the inlet port and the outlet port and a connection socket for a softening and/or demineralization cartridge. The refilling device is connectable to a water supply pipe of a water supply system through said inlet port. The refilling device is connectable to a water supply pipe of a hydronic heating system through said outlet port.
The refilling device according to the invention further comprises an inlet shut-off-valve at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing downstream of said inlet port.
The refilling device according to the invention further comprises an automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing upstream of said outlet port.
The refilling device according to the invention further comprises a system separator having backflow preventers at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing.
The refilling device according to the invention further comprises at least a conductivity or TDS sensor and a flow meter all at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing.
A softening and/or demineralization cartridge is connected to said connection socket. The softening and/or demineralization cartridge has a RFID or NFC tag storing data about the softening and/or demineralization cartridge.
The refilling device according to the invention further comprises a controller mounted to said monolithic housing. Said controller receives signals from the conductivity or TDS sensor and from the flow meter. Further on, said controller receives said data from said RFID or NFC tag. The controller processes said signals received from said sensors and received from said RFID or NFC tag to automatically control the operation of the refilling device.
The refilling device according to the invention provides a high degree of automatization. The signals provided by the conductivity or TDS sensor and by the flow meter and by the RFID or NFC tag are used to automatically control the operation of the refilling device.
Preferably, the refilling device according to the invention further comprises a pressure sensor at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing, wherein the controller receives signals also from the pressure sensor, and wherein the controller processes also the signals received from the pressure sensor to automatically control the operation of the refilling device. This allows for a higher degree of automatization.
Preferably the pressure sensor measures the pressure within the outlet port through which the refilling device is connectable to the water supply pipe of the hydronic heating system. The controller receives said pressure signal from the pressure sensor. The controller controls the operation of the refilling device on basis of said pressure signal is such a way that the controller automatically opens the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve when the said pressure signal from the pressure sensor is below a threshold, and automatically closes the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve when the said pressure signal from the pressure sensor is above the threshold. Refilling of the hydronic heating system can be automated.
Preferably, the refilling device according to the invention further comprises a temperature sensor at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing, wherein the controller receives signals also from the temperature sensor, and wherein the controller processes also the signals received from the temperature sensor to automatically control the operation of the refilling device. This allows for a higher degree of automatization.
Preferably, a first conductivity or TDS sensor is at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve and upstream of said system separator. The temperature sensor is at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve, preferably between the backflow preventers of the system separator. The controller determines from the signal provided by the first conductivity or TDS sensor and preferably from the signal provided by the temperature sensor the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket.
Preferably, a second conductivity or TDS sensor is at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing downstream of said connection socket for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge and upstream of said automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve. The controller determines from the signal provided by the second conductivity or TDS sensor and preferably from the signal provided by the temperature sensor the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket. On basis of the determined hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket and downstream of the connection socket the controller may automatically control the operation of the refilling device. The controller may automatically close the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve on basis of the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket and/or on basis of the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket. Refilling of the hydronic heating system can be further automated.
Preferably, the controller determines from the signal provided by flow meter the amount of water refilled into the hydronic heating system as a function of time. The controller determines a leakage the hydronic heating system if the amount of refilled water in a defined time period is above a threshold. In case of a leakage controller may automatically close the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve. Refilling of the hydronic heating system can be further automated.
The method of operating the refilling device is defined in claim 15.
Preferred developments of the invention are provided by the dependent claims and the description which follows. Exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail on the basis of the drawing, in which:

Figure 1: a detail of a hydronic heating system having a refilling device according to the present application;
Figure 2: shows a perspective view of the refilling device;
Figure 3: shows a side view of the refilling device; and
Figure 4: shows a cross section of the refilling device.

Figure 1 shows a detail of a hydronic heating system 10 having a refilling device 11 which is used to automatically refill the hydronic heating system 10 with water, namely heating water, provided by a water supply system 12 and to treat, namely soften and/or demineralize, the water provided by the water supply system 12 before filling the same into the hydronic heating system 10.
The hydronic heating system 10 comprises a burner 13 to heat the heating water, a supply pipe 14 to provide the heated heating water to radiators 15 and a return pipe 16 to return the heating water from the radiators 15 back to the burner thereby providing a closed heating loop.
The refilling device 11 is connected to a water supply pipe 17 of the hydronic heating system 10 and to a water supply pipe 18 of the water supply system 12. The water supply system 12 provides drinking water to water consumers like a water tap 19 or a shower 20.
The refilling device 11 has a monolithic housing 21 providing an inlet port 22, an outlet port 23, a middle section 24 providing a flow channel for water extending between the inlet port 22 and the outlet port 23, and a connection socket 25 for a softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26.
The refilling device 11 is connectable to the water supply pipe 18 of the water supply system 12 through said inlet port 22. The refilling device is connectable to the water supply pipe 17 of a hydronic heating system 10 through said outlet port 23.
The refilling device 11 further has an inlet shut-off-valve 27 accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said inlet port 22. The inlet shut-off-valve 27 is preferably manually actuated.
The refilling device 11 further has an automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 upstream of said outlet port 23. The automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 is preferably a solenoid valve.
The refilling device 11 further has a system separator 29 having two backflow preventers 30, 31 accommodated within said monolithic housing 21, namely an inlet backflow preventer 30 and an outlet backflow preventer 31. The system separator 29 prevents that water flows back from the hydronic heating system 10 into the water supply system 12. The two backflow preventers 30, 31 are connected in series. The water must flow through both backflow preventers.
The refilling device 11 has at least a one conductivity or TDS sensor 32, 33 and a flow meter 35 all accommodated within said monolithic housing 21. In The shown, preferred embodiement, the refilling device 11 has a first conductivity or TDS sensor 32, a second conductivity or TDS sensor 33, a temperature sensor 34, a flow meter 35 and a pressure sensor 36 all accommodated within said monolithic housing 21.
The inlet shut-off-valve 27 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 immediately downstream of said inlet port 22.
The system separator 29 having the two backflow preventers 30, 21 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve 27.
The connection socket 25 for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26 is provided by said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said system separator 29.
The automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said connection socket 25 for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26.
The pressure sensor 36 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 31 downstream of said automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 and up-stream of said outlet port 23.
The flow meter 35 (which is only partially visible in Figure 4) is positioned in the region of or within said connection socket 25 for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26.
The first conductivity or TDS sensor 32 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve 27 and up-stream of said system separator 29.
The temperature sensor 34 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said manually actuated outlet shut-off-valve 27, preferably between the two backflow preventers 30, 31 of the system separator 29.
The second conductivity or TDS sensor 33 is accommodated within said monolithic housing 21 downstream of said connection socket 25 for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26 and upstream of said automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28.
The refilling device 11 further has a controller 37 mounted to said monolithic housing 21.
The controller 37 receives signals from the respective conductivity or TDS sensor 32, 33, preferably from the temperature sensor 34, from the flow meter 35 and preferably from the pressure sensor 36. The controller 37 processes said signals received from said sensors 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 to automatically control the operation of the refilling device 11.
The pressure sensor 36 measures the pressure within the outlet port 23 through which the refilling device 11 is connectable to the water supply pipe 17 of the hydronic heating system 10. The controller 37 receives said pressure signal from the pressure sensor 36.
The controller 37 controls the operation of the refilling device 11 on basis of said pressure signal in such a way that the controller 37 automatically opens the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 when the said pressure signal from the pressure sensor 36 is below a threshold, and automatically closes the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 when the said pressure signal from the pressure sensor 36 is above the threshold. The refilling is automated by the controller 23 which automatically opens and closes the outlet shut-off-valve 28 on basis of the signal of the pressure sensor 36. No manual refilling is necessary. The inlet shut-off-valve 27 may be permanently opened.
The controller 37 determines from the signal provided by the first conductivity or TDS sensor 32 and preferably from the signal provided by the temperature sensor 34 the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket 25, so the hardness and/or mineralization of the water which still need to be treated by the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26.
The controller 37 determines from the signal provided by the second conductivity or TDS sensor 33 and preferably from the signal provided by the temperature sensor 34 the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket 25, so the hardness and/or mineralization of the water which has been treated by the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26.
The hardness (also often called dGH) of the water may be calculated from the value provided by the TDS sensor as follows: dGH = ppm TDS x 0.056.
This value is preferably compensated on basis of the temperature value provided by the temperature sensor 34. With reduced accuracy the hardness of the water may be determined from the value provided by the TDS sensor only, meaning without temperature compensation.
The following should be noted regarding the use of the conductivity or TDS sensors 32, 33. If a cartridge 26 is used which can provide demineralization of the water, a changing mineralization of the water can be determined by the use of said TDC sensors positioned upstream and downstream of the cartridge 26. However, if a cartridge 26 is used which does not provide demineralization of the water but softening of the water only, then the electrical conductivity of the water will not be changed because the number of ions in the water causing the electrical conductivity is not changed by the softening cartridge. In this case, it would in principle be possible to determine hardness and mineralization of the water both upstream and downstream of the cartridge 26, however the measurement values should not change because the electrical conductivity of the water is not changed by a softening cartridge 26. If in this case measurement values would differ from each other by a value being greater than a threshold, then it may be detected that one of the conductivity or TDS sensors 32, 33 may have a malfunction.
The controller 37 automatically closes the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28 on basis of the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket 25 and/or on basis of the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket 25. In this regard, the controller 37 may automatically close the outlet shut-off-valve 28 if the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket is not within a defined range.
A softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26 is connected to the connection socket 25 of the housing 11. The softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26 has a RFID or NFC tag 38 storing data about the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26, e.g. data about type and/or size and/or capacity of the cartridge 26. The controller 37 receives said data from said RFID or NFC tag 28. The controller 37 processes said data received from said RFID or NFC tag 28 to automatically control the operation of the refilling device 11.
The controller 37 determines from the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket 25 and from the said data received from said RFID or NFC tag 38 a nominal amount of water which can be softened and/or demineralized by the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26. The controller 37 determines from the signal provided by the flow meter 25 an actual amount of water which has been softened and/or demineralized by the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26.
The controller 37 may automatically generate a warning signal if the difference between said nominal amount and said actual amount becomes smaller than a threshold. The controller 37 may show that warning message on a display of the controller 37 in order to initiate a replacement of the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26. Further on, the controller 37 may automatically close the outlet shut-off-valve 28 when the difference between said nominal amount and said actual amount becomes smaller than a threshold.
The difference between said nominal amount and said actual amount corresponds to the remaining capacity of the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26. The controller 37 may send the remaining capacity of the softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26 to the RFID or NFC tag 38 for storage within the RFID or NFC tag 38.
Further on, the controller 37 may determine from the data received from said RFID or NFC tag 38 if the correct type of softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26 is used.
If the use of a wrong softening and/or demineralization cartridge 36 is determined by the controller 37, the controller 37 may automatically close the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve 28.
The controller 37 determines from the signal provided by flow meter 35 the amount of water refilled into the hydronic heating system 11 as a function of time. E.g. frequency of refilling and the amount of the refilled water is monitored as a function of time. The controller 37 determines a leakage in the hydronic heating system 11 if the amount of refilled water in a defined time period is above a threshold. The controller 37 may automatically close the outlet shut-off-valve 28 if a leakage is detected and may generate a warning signal.
The above leakage detection will avoid flooding or any other damage to the heating system or to a property. Monitoring the frequency of refilling and measuring the amount of refilled water allows leakage detection without any additional leakage sensor.
The above leakage detection may be accomplished by setting thresholds for the refilled amount of water. A threshold for one refilling cycle and a threshold for longer period of time (e.g.one week or one month) may be used.
If one of said leakage thresholds is reached during refilling, any other refilling may be stopped immediately and a warning message may be generated. The flow meter 35 integrated in the refilling device 11 is used for measuring the amount of refilled water. In addition to the above leakage alarming, long term data analysis may be performed. Analysis of the refilling frequency and the amount of water during each refilling cycle may be done and if an increasing trend in any of those two parameters is recognized, a warning message will be generated.
The controller 37 is adapted to transmit data to and to receive data from a data cloud. Through said data cloud the data may be provided to a cell phone of a customer.
The customer may receive the above warning massages through the cell phone and may then e.g. order a replacement for a softening and/or demineralization cartridge 26. Remote monitoring and/or preventive maintenance and/or predictive maintenance of the refilling device 11 may be provided through said cloud connectivity and data transfer functionality.
All elements of refilling device 11 are accommodated by or mounted to one single monolithic housing 21 providing a compact solution for residential and light commercial buildings where such a refilling device is used. Refilling of the hydronic heating system is automated by the refilling device 11. The controller 37 the refilling device 11 receives signals from the conductivity or TDS sensor 32, 33, from the temperature sensor 34, from the flow meter 35 and from the pressure sensor 36. The controller 37 processes said signals received from said sensors 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 to automatically control the operation of the refilling device 11. E.g., automated detection of hardness and/or mineralization of the untreated water eliminates user input for raw water type. Further e.g., providing data by RFID or NFC tag 38 eliminates user input for cartridge type.

List of reference signs

10: hydronic heating system
11: refilling device
12: water supply system
13: burner
14: supply pipe
15: radiator
16: return pipe
17: water supply pipe
18: water supply pipe
19: water tap
20: shower
21: housing
22: inlet port
23: outlet port
24: middle section
25: connection socket
26: softening and/or demineralization cartridge
27: inlet shut-off-valve
28: outlet shut-off-valve
29: system separator
30: backflow preventer
31: backflow preventer
32: conductivity or TDS sensor
33: conductivity or TDS sensor
34: temperature sensor
35: flow meter
36: pressure sensor
37: controller
38: RFID or NFC tag

Claims

Refilling device (11) for a hydronic heating system, having
a monolithic housing (21) providing an inlet port (22), an outlet port (23), a middle section (24) providing a flow channel for water extending between the inlet port (22) and the outlet port (23) and a connection socket (25) for a softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26),
wherein the refilling device (11) is connectable to a water supply pipe (18) of a water supply system (10) through said inlet port (22),

wherein the refilling device (11) is connectable to a water supply pipe (17) of a hydronic heating system (10) through said outlet port (23), an inlet shut-off-valve (27) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21) downstream of said inlet port (22),

an automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve (28) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21) upstream of said outlet port (23),

a system separator (29) having backflow preventers (30, 31) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21),

a conductivity or TDS sensor (32, 33) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21),

a flow meter (35) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21),

a softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26) connected to said connection socket (25),
wherein the softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26) has a RFID or NFC tag (38) storing data about the softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26),

a controller (37) mounted to said monolithic housing (21),
wherein the controller (37) is configured to receive signals from the conductivity or TDS sensor (32, 33) and from the flow meter (35) and receives data from said RFID or NFC tag (38),

wherein the controller (37) is configured to process said signals received from said sensors (32, 33, 35) and said data received from said RFID or NFC tag (38) to automatically control the operation of the refilling device (11).
Refilling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that
the system separator (29) having the backflow preventers (30, 31) is accommodated within said monolithic housing (21) downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve (27),

the connection socket (25) for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26) is provided by said monolithic housing (21) downstream of said system separator (29),
wherein the flow meter (35) is preferably positioned in the region of or within said connection socket (25) for the softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26),

the automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve (28) is at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21) downstream of said connection socket (25).
Refilling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by
a pressure sensor (36) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21),
wherein the pressure sensor (36) is preferably positioned downstream of said automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve (28),

wherein the controller (37) is configured to receive signals also from the pressure sensor (36), and

wherein the controller (37) is configured to process also the signals received from the pressure sensor (36) to automatically control the operation of the refilling device (11).
Refilling device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that
the pressure sensor (36) measures the pressure within the outlet port (23) through which the refilling device (11) is connectable to the water supply pipe (17) of the hydronic heating system (10),

the controller (37) is configured to receive said pressure signal from the pressure sensor (36),

the controller (37) is configured to control the operation of the refilling device (11) on basis of said pressure signal is such a way that the controller (37)
is configured to automatically open the outlet shut-off-valve (28) when the said pressure signal from the pressure sensor (36) is below a threshold, and

is configured to automatically close the outlet shut-off-valve (28) when the said pressure signal from the pressure sensor (36) is above the threshold.
Refilling device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by
a temperature sensor (34) at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21),
wherein the temperature sensor (34) is preferably positioned downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve (27), preferably between the backflow preventers (30, 31) of the system separator (29),

wherein the controller (37) is configured to receive signals also from the temperature sensor (34), and

wherein the controller (37) is configured to process also the signals received from the temperature sensor (34) to automatically control the operation of the refilling device (11).
Refilling device as claimed in one of claims 1-5, characterized in that
a first conductivity or TDS sensor (32) is at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21) downstream of said inlet shut-off-valve (27) and upstream of said system separator (29).
Refilling device as claimed in claim 6 and preferably claim 5, characterized in that
the controller (37) is configured to determine from the signal provided by the first conductivity or TDS sensor (32) and preferably from the signal provided by the temperature sensor (34) the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket (25).
Refilling device as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that
a second conductivity or TDS sensor (33) is at least partially accommodated within said monolithic housing (21) downstream of said connection socket (25) and preferably upstream of said automatically actuated outlet shut-off-valve (28).
Refilling device as claimed in claim 8 and preferably claim 5, characterized in that
the controller (37) is configured to determine from the signal provided by the second conductivity or TDS sensor (33) and preferably from the signal provided by the temperature sensor (34) the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket (25).
Refilling device as claimed in one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the controller (37) is configured to automatically close the outlet shut-off-valve (28) on basis of the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket and/or on basis of the hardness and/or mineralization of the water downstream of the connection socket.
Refilling device as claimed in claim 1 and 7, characterized in that
the controller (37) is configured to determine from the hardness and/or mineralization of the water upstream of the connection socket (25) and from the said data received from said RFID or NFC tag (38) a nominal amount of water which can be softened and/or demineralized by the softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26),

the controller (37) is configured to determine from the signal provided by the flow meter (35) an actual amount of water which has been softened and/or demineralized by the softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26),

the controller (37) is configured to automatically generate a warning signal and/or automatically closes the outlet shut-off-valve (28) if the difference between said nominal amount and said actual amount becomes smaller than a threshold.
Refilling device as claimed in claim 1 or 11, characterized in that the controller (37) is configured to automatically close the outlet shut-off-valve (28) if the use of a wrong softening and/or demineralization cartridge (26) is determined from the data received from said RFID or NFC tag (38).
Refilling device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that
the controller (37) is configured to determine from the signal provided by flow meter (35) the amount of water refilled into the hydronic heating system (11) as a function of time,

the controller (37) is configured to determine a leakage the hydronic heating system (11) if the amount of water refilled into the hydronic heating system (11) in a defined time period is above a threshold,

the controller (37) is configured to automatically generate a warning signal and/or automatically closes the outlet shut-off-valve (28) if a leakage is detected.
Refilling device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the controller (37) is adapted to transmit data to and to receive data from a data cloud, preferably to provide remote monitoring and/or preventive maintenance and/or predictive maintenance of the refilling device (11).
Method of operating the refilling device (11) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 14, with the following steps:
receiving signals from the conductivity or TDS sensor (32, 33), and signals from the flow meter (35) and data from said RFID or NFC tag (38) by the controller (37),

processing said signals received from said sensors (32, 33, 35) and said data received from said RFID or NFC tag (38) by the controller (37) to automatically control the operation of the refilling device (11) by the controller (37).