EP3555469A1 - Station de production d'energies - Google Patents
Station de production d'energiesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3555469A1 EP3555469A1 EP16831821.0A EP16831821A EP3555469A1 EP 3555469 A1 EP3555469 A1 EP 3555469A1 EP 16831821 A EP16831821 A EP 16831821A EP 3555469 A1 EP3555469 A1 EP 3555469A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- supply circuit
- water
- cooperating
- fluidly
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
- F03G7/045—Environmental heat plants or OTEC plants using an Organic Rankine Cycle [ORC] or a Kalina Cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
- F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of devices and systems for producing energy using, in particular, technologies based on the Thermal Energy of the Seas or marinerhemic (also known under the abbreviation "ETM” and in the English terminology “Ocean Thermal Energy”). Conversion - OTEC ").
- ETM Thermal Energy of the Seas or marinerhemic
- OTEC Ocean Thermal Energy
- the latter are used for all types of use and preferentially but not exclusively, in application with the supply of energies of isolated sites, such as for example an archipelago, preferentially but not exclusively in a tropical zone, for example a hotel complex with Maldives.
- Today oil, a natural mineral oil and a mixture of hydrocarbons, is used extensively, thus being at the heart of everyone's life and therefore at the heart of the world economy. It is not for nothing that this source of fossil energy is nicknamed "black gold”. Indeed, the oil:
- liquid fuels such as, by way of non-limiting examples, LPG, fuel oil, gas oil, kerosene, gasoline
- LPG liquid fuel
- fuel oil such as, by way of non-limiting examples, fuel oil, gas oil, kerosene, gasoline
- kerosene gasoline
- oil has many advantages, being a source of liquid energy, it is easy to pump, store, transport and use. In addition, it offers a high density of energy. Nevertheless, like any fossil fuel or fuel, oil is a non-renewable energy source, since it takes millions of years to build up and oil resources are depleted faster than they are not produced. Finally, oil and other fossil fuels are not considered as sources of green energy, since their use has a direct or indirect impact on the environment. Indeed, on sites of locations, for example in the direct vicinity of a hotel center, in particular to produce electricity independently, generators can be used.
- ETM systems produce energy by the presence of a working fluid, such as ammonia, seawater or any other fluid whose dew point corresponds to a temperature close to four degrees Celsius.
- a working fluid such as ammonia, seawater or any other fluid whose dew point corresponds to a temperature close to four degrees Celsius.
- Such an ETM system generally comprises an evaporator in which said working fluid is vaporized, in contact with hot water previously drawn from the surface. Once vaporized, such a working fluid is conveyed within a turbine to drive the rotation of said turbine and finally produce electricity. Then, in order to be condensed again, the working fluid is sent to a condenser included in the system in contact with cold water this time, previously drawn in depth.
- systems employing ETM technologies may operate in different cycles or embodiments.
- an ETM system can operate in an open cycle: hot seawater is advantageously and directly used to produce electricity. Indeed, said hot water is first pumped into a low pressure tank or under vacuum, said tank thus making it possible to vaporize said hot water. The water vapor is pure. It is then conveyed to a turbine that rotates, said turbine being connected to an electric generator. The steam is then introduced into a condenser by being exposed to cold seawater from the depths, to recover its liquid state. Said water, produced in liquid form in fine, can advantageously be used as drinking water for irrigation or for aquaculture.
- an ETM system can operate in a closed cycle, most often modeled by an "Organic Rankine Cycle-ORC" (Anglo-Saxon terminology and abbreviation).
- an ETM system for producing electrical energy firstly comprises an evaporator in which circulates hot water previously pumped to the surface. The hot water thus makes it possible to vaporize a working fluid advantageously having a low boiling point. This is the case, for example, with ammonia.
- the ETM system then comprises a turbine in which the vaporized working fluid passes. Said turbine is thus driven by the vaporized working fluid, for itself driving an electricity generator connected thereto.
- the working fluid in gaseous form is expanded in the turbine. The pressure of said fluid is therefore lower at the turbine outlet.
- the ETM system then comprises a condenser allowing the condensation of said working fluid, said condenser circulating within it cold seawater to allow such condensation.
- the working fluid in liquid form is then conveyed by a circulation system, for example a pump, to feed the evaporator again and thus allow a repetition of the cycle.
- an ETM system can operate in a hybrid cycle.
- a hybrid cycle combines the characteristics of open and closed cycle systems.
- a ETM system for the production of electrical energy comprises a vacuum chamber inside which is introduced salt water and vaporized very quickly, like the evaporation process within the open cycle.
- the water vapor in turn vaporizes a working fluid, such as ammonia, present within a closed cycle circuit, positioned opposite the working fluid vaporizer.
- the latter thus vaporized drives a turbine, which in turn actuates an electricity generator.
- the said hybrid cycle has other drawbacks, particularly in terms of investment, installation and maintenance costs, since twice as much materials are needed to implement such a hybrid cycle.
- the use of said hybrid cycle leads to a greater phenomenon of cooling of surface water, which can be harmful to wildlife and flora.
- systems based on ETM or OTEC type technologies are generally used in intertropical zones, since to obtain a satisfactory yield, it is necessary to have a sufficient thermal gradient between the cold source (s) and the source (s). hot, of the order of at least twenty degrees Celsius.
- Such intertropical zones include, as the case may be, isolated places whose resource or energy needs require importing and / or supplying the said on-site energy resources.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic, simplified and non-limiting example of a system 1 for the production of different energies.
- said system 1 comprises:
- an ETM plant or electrical energy production system Ei fed with CW cold water and WW hot water respectively with CWI cold water inlets and WWI hot water withdrawing seawater at depth and seawater on the surface;
- a desalination module 300 for generating fresh water E3 fed with CW cold water through a cold water inlet CWI drawing water of cold sea, generally but not limitatively from the depths or supplied with WW hot water by a WWI hot water inlet taking hot sea water, generally but not exhaustively coming from the surface and electricity by a generator.
- the various elements 100, 300 and 400 constituting a system 1 enabling the production of different energies are consequently juxtaposed and do not contribute to the operation of each other.
- the invention makes it possible to meet all or some of the disadvantages raised by the known solutions.
- an integrated all-in-one system adapted in particular to be implemented on isolated sites, such as for example an atoll, responding to all or part of the resource and energy needs of the inhabitants of said atoll, thanks to the interaction and / or the synergy of different technologies;
- an energy production station comprising an electric energy production system comprising:
- a first hot water supply circuit comprising a first pump and a first hot water inlet cooperating with said first pump
- a second cold water supply circuit comprising a second pump and a second cold water inlet cooperating with said second pump;
- a working fluid supply circuit comprising a circulating pump of said working fluid; a first heat exchanger fluidly cooperating with said first hot water supply circuit and said working fluid supply circuit;
- the latter further comprises a system for generating hot water and cold water fluidly cooperating with the water outlet of said electric energy production system and comprising:
- a third water supply circuit comprising a third pump fluidly cooperating upstream with the water outlet of said electric energy production system
- a fourth water supply circuit comprising a fourth pump fluidly cooperating upstream with the water outlet said power generation system
- a third heat exchanger fluidly cooperating with said third water supply circuit and said refrigerant supply circuit
- a fourth heat exchanger fluidly cooperating with said fourth water supply circuit and said refrigerant supply circuit; a compressor fluidly cooperating with the third and fourth heat exchangers; a hot fresh water outlet cooperating fluidly with said third heat exchanger;
- the compressor of the hot water and cold water generation system of an energy production station is actuated by the generator of the electric energy production system.
- the compressor of the system for generating hot and cold water of the latter can be powered by the energy electrical output from said generator of the electric power generation system.
- the turbine and the electricity generator of the electrical energy production system thereof may mechanically cooperate with the means of a mechanical shaft, said shaft cooperating also mechanically with the compressor of the system for generating hot water and cold water to actuate said compressor.
- an energy production station may further comprise a module of desalination comprising a pump and an inverted osmosis membrane supplied with water by said pump, a fresh water outlet cooperating fluidly with said reverse osmosis membrane, said desalination unit cooperating fluidly with, upstream of said desalination module the outlet water of the electric power generation system and downstream of said desalination module, the third and fourth water supply circuit of the hot water and cold water generation system.
- an energy production station may also and advantageously comprise a climate energy production system fluidly cooperating with the water outlet of the electrical energy production system, the climate energy production system comprising: a fifth water supply circuit comprising a fifth pump and fluidly cooperating with the water outlet;
- a heat transfer fluid supply circuit comprising a circulating pump of said heat transfer fluid
- Figure 1 depicts a simplified schematic view of a system for the production of different energies according to the state of the art
- FIG. 2 illustrates a simplified schematic view of an energy production station according to the invention
- FIGS. 3A and 3B describe respective schematic views of a first and a second embodiment of an energy production station according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 schematizes in a simplified manner an energy production station according to the invention.
- energy means any resource, that is to say a material means, consumable and possibly produced by humans.
- such energies may advantageously consist of electricity E 1 , conditioned air E 2 , water soft E 3 , drinking water E 4 , hot water E 5 , water suitable for use in agriculture or aquaculture Ee.
- the invention can not be limited to the nature of the energies produced by the said station.
- a power generation station 1 comprises a system for producing electrical energy 100, supplied with hot and cold water respectively by means of power inputs.
- an energy production station 1 may also comprise a desalination module 300, fed with water W, possibly cold CW or hot WW, by the electrical energy production system 100 and supplying energy.
- the system 300 for generating hot water and cold water 300 allows in particular to obtain fresh water, or in some cases drinking water and / or consumable for the current needs .
- FIGS. 3A and 3B schematize respectively first and second embodiments of an energy production station according to the invention, during its installation, preferably in an archipelago of islands, for example in the Maldives, to meet the energy needs and resources within said archipelago.
- the invention can not, however, be limited to this single application example.
- an energy production station 1 comprises a system for producing electrical energy 100.
- an electric energy production system 100 uses technologies ETM / OTEC, consisting mainly of methods using a thermal gradient present between deep cold seawater and warm tropical warm surface waters to produce carbon-free electricity.
- the electrical energy production system 100 of a station 1 comprises a first hot water supply circuit WW comprising a first pump 110 and a first inlet of WWI hot water cooperating with said first pump 110.
- a first hot water supply circuit WW represented by a plurality of continuous solid lines, makes it possible to put in fluidic communication all the elements contained in said first supply circuit and the supplying the hot water WW to the electrical energy production system 100.
- the electrical energy production system 100 of a station 1 according to the invention comprises a second cold water supply circuit. CW comprising a second pump 190 and a second cold water inlet CWI cooperating with said second pump 190.
- Such a second CW cold water supply circuit makes it possible to put in fluidic communication all the elements contained in said second supply circuit and to convey CW cold water to the electrical energy production system 100.
- first and second supply circuits may comprise a plurality of conduits, preferably flexible or rigid respectively adapted to transport hot water WW and cold water CW, including conditions ⁇ physico chemical, especially pressure or debit.
- said ducts may consist mainly of high-density polyethylene (also known in the English terminology "High-Density PolyEthylene - HDPE").
- the invention can not be limited to the type and / or the nature of the elements constituting the first and second supply circuits: the ducts can be replaced by any equivalent means in ability to provide a substantially identical function.
- said first and second WW and CW cold water supply circuits comprise a first WWI hot water inlet and a second CWI cold water inlet.
- Such first and second respective hot water WWI and CWI cold water inlet can convey hot water and cold water to their respective supply circuit and can advantageously be embodied in the form of one or several ducts (also known by the English name "intake pipe"), advantageously and mainly made of high density polyethylene.
- said respective first and second inputs of WWI hot water and CWI cold water may comprise or cooperate with one or more strainers ("strainer" in English terminology ") in HDPE or steel or any other material adapted, preventing the introduction of any external elements that could potentially damage or limit the performance of the ducts or shoes.
- first hot water inlet CWI Since the first CWI hot water inlet is positioned in the surface waters, its maintenance can in certain cases be complex, due to the presence of currents and waves.
- a first hot water inlet CWI may also comprise or cooperate with one or more suitable weighting and / or buoyancy means (also known as "ballast"). And / or “buoyancy”).
- suitable weighting and / or buoyancy means also known as "ballast”
- buoyancy also known as "buoyancy”
- the dimensions of the second cold water inlet CWI, for its part, are advantageously arranged to be able to convey cold water from a sufficient depth, for example seven hundred or a thousand meters deep, so that said CW cold water drawn is at a temperature of about four to seven degrees Celsius.
- said first and second hot water supply circuits WW and cold water CW respectively comprise first and second pumps 110, 190 for the suction of hot water WW and cold water. CW and their introductions into their respective feed circuits at predetermined rates.
- said first and second pumps may be made of a material of type alloys said "super duplex".
- the invention can not, however, be limited to the number of pumps present in said feed circuits or to the nature of the materials said pumps.
- the invention provides that the first and second supply circuits may include a plurality of first and second pumps.
- the invention can not be limited to the sole use of pumps: the latter can be replaced by any equivalent means in capacity to perform a substantially identical function, that is to say any device or system allowing the circulation of fluid.
- the electrical energy production system 100 of a station 1 is designed to implement a closed cycle ETM technology.
- the latter comprises a working fluid supply circuit WF comprising a circulation pump 130 of said working fluid WF.
- a working fluid must advantageously have certain physico-chemical properties, especially a relatively low boiling point or temperature, of the order of nineteen degrees Celsius under pressure.
- such a working fluid WF may consist of ammonia.
- such a working fluid WF is preferably and mainly composed of 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, since it is non-flammable and non-toxic.
- the working fluid supply circuit WF advantageously closed, represented in FIGS. 3A and 3B by a plurality of solid and close discontinuous lines, makes it possible to put in fluidic communication all the elements contained in said supply circuit and to circulate the working fluid WF within the production system of FIG. electrical energy 100.
- the working fluid supply circuit WF may comprise a plurality of ducts, advantageously flexible or rigid, respectively adapted to transport the working fluid WF, in particular physicochemical conditions, and more particularly pressure or flow.
- said ducts may consist mainly of HDPE high density polyethylene (also known in the English terminology "High-Density PolyEthylene - HDPE").
- the invention can not be limited to the type and / or the nature of the elements constituting the working fluid supply circuit WF: the ducts can be replaced by any equivalent means able to provide a substantially identical function .
- the latter also comprises a first heat exchanger 120 cooperating fluidically, that is to say being in fluid communication, with said first circuit.
- WW hot water supply and said WF working fluid supply circuit are conveyed to the first heat exchanger 120 by means of the first feed circuit.
- the hot water WW then flows through the first heat exchanger 120 and transfers its heat in the form of calories to bring to boiling the working fluid WF, the latter passing to the vapor state.
- the first heat exchanger 120 also called first heat exchanger or evaporator, advantageously makes it possible to transfer heat energy in the form of heat from the hot water WW to the working fluid WF through a surface exchange guaranteeing the separation of WW hot water and WF working fluid. It is this transfer of heat energy or heat that allows the vaporization of said WF working fluid.
- the first heat exchanger 120 may advantageously consist of a plate heat exchanger, also known by the English names "Plate heat exchanger" or "Gasket heat exchanger type”.
- Said first heat exchanger advantageously with plates or any other exchanger technology guaranteeing the efficiency of the system, may comprise plates made preferably of titanium, to guarantee a longevity of said heat exchanger.
- the working fluid WF in the form of steam, relaxes through one or possibly several turbines driving one or more generators to finally create electrical energy.
- the electrical energy production system 100 of a station 1 comprises a turbine 140 cooperating fluidically, that is to say being in fluid communication, thanks to the working fluid WF, with the first heat exchanger 120.
- such a turbine 140 consists of an impeller turbine with axial gas flow (also known by the English name "single axial impulse type turbine”), possibly fitted with a partial inlet (not shown on the drawings).
- FIGS. 3A and 3B) of working fluid vapor WF said partial admission making it possible to control the output power of the turbine.
- the kinetic energy of the working fluid WF in the form of steam makes it possible to drive in rotation blades, on which the action of the working fluid WF, and a shaft S operate, said vanes being present within said turbine 140. Thermal energy is thus converted into mechanical energy.
- the electrical energy production system 100 of a station 1 comprises an electricity generator 150 cooperating with said turbine 140 according to a mechanical link.
- the turbine 140 and the electricity generator 150 of the electric power generation system can be connected and form a single entity, said entity being commonly referred to as "turbo-generator” or “turbo-generator”.
- the mechanical connection between the turbine 140 and the generator 150 is advantageously embodied by the shaft S actuated by the blades of the turbine, said shaft S allowing the transmission of mechanical energy so that it is converted into electrical energy by the generator.
- the generator 150 of the electrical production system 100 may advantageously comprise an electric generator with permanent magnets rotatably mounted on the axis S relative to windings of the electrical conductor.
- said electrical energy production system 100 also comprises a second heat exchanger 180 cooperating fluidically, that is to say being in fluid communication, with said second CW cold water supply circuit and said cooling circuit.
- supply of working fluid WF. CW cold water advantageously taken at depths of the order of seven hundred to one thousand meters at a temperature of the order of four to seven degrees Celsius, is conveyed to the second heat exchanger 180 by means of the second circuit. 'food.
- the second heat exchanger 180 also called a second heat exchanger or condenser, advantageously makes it possible to transfer thermal energy from the cold water CW to the working fluid WF through an exchange surface which guarantees the separation of CW cold water and WF working fluid. It is this transfer of thermal energy that allows the condensation of said working fluid WF.
- a second heat exchanger 180 may consist of a double-walled exchanger.
- the second heat exchanger 180 may consist of a plate heat exchanger (also known by the English names "Plate heat exchanger" or "Gasket type heat exchanger").
- the electrical energy production system 100 of an energy production station 1 comprises a water outlet WO cooperating fluidly, that is to say in fluid communication, with the first and second heat exchangers 120 and 180.
- a water outlet WO may advantageously comprise or cooperate with water collection means (not shown in the figures), adapted to collect the water W.
- Such means of collection may possibly consist of one or more nozzles, pipes, tubes or drains.
- Said water outlet WO may possibly and directly communicate with the seawater in order to reject, even if only part, of the hot and cold waste water inherent in the operation of the electric power generation system 100.
- the water outlet WO may comprise or cooperate with a storage tank (not shown in the figures) adapted and / or arranged to retain or transfer the water W for future use during a specified period.
- an energy production station 1 also comprises a system for generating hot water and cold water 200.
- Fluidic communication between the water outlet WO of the electrical energy production system 100 and the hot water and cold water generation system may advantageously be carried out by one or more conduits, advantageously flexible or rigid, respectively adapted respectively to the transport of water W, in particular to the physicochemical conditions of said water, and more particularly of pressure or flow.
- the water outlet WO could cooperate with a heating device.
- said ducts may consist mainly of high density polyethylene.
- the system for generating hot and cold water 200 of an energy production station in accordance with the invention is based on the principle and heat pump technologies. Since the system 200 both generates hot water and cold water, it can be called a "thermo-fridge-pump". Also, according to FIGS. 3A and 3B, such a system for generating hot water and cold water 200 comprises third and fourth water supply circuits W respectively comprising third and fourth pumps 210, 290, said cooperating pumps fluidically upstream with the water outlet WO of said electric power generation system 100.
- said third and fourth water supply circuits W make it possible to put in fluidic communication all the elements contained in said third and fourth supply circuits and to convey the water W to the system for generating hot and cold water 200.
- Such third and fourth water supply circuits W may comprise a plurality of conduits, advantageously flexible or rigid, respectively adapted to the transport of water W, in particular to physicochemical conditions, and more particularly to pressure or of debt.
- said ducts may consist mainly of high density polyethylene (also known in the English terminology "High-Density PolyEthylene - HDPE").
- the invention can not be limited to the type and / or the nature of the elements constituting the first and second supply circuits: the conduits may be replaced by any equivalent means in the capacity to provide a substantially identical function.
- the third and fourth pumps 210, 290 allow the suction of the water W at the water outlet WO of the electrical production system 100 and its introduction respectively in the third and fourth power supply circuit according to predetermined rates.
- the system for generating hot water and cold water of an energy production station also comprises an RF refrigerant supply circuit comprising a pressure reducer 230 of said RF refrigerant.
- an RF refrigerant must advantageously have certain physicochemical properties: indeed, to meet the dual problem of generating hot water and cold water, such a refrigerant must be able to absorb a large amount of heat in the form of calories to generate cold water, but also to return as much heat to generate hot water.
- said RF refrigerant must also comply with safety standards and prevent any risk related to the environment or dangerous to humans.
- such an RF refrigerant may be 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane.
- the RF refrigerant supply circuit advantageously closed, represented by a plurality of dashed solid lines and dots, makes it possible to put in fluid communication all the elements contained in said supply circuit and to circulate the fluid.
- RF refrigerant in the system of generation of hot water and cold water 200.
- the circuit RF refrigerant supply may comprise a plurality of conduits, preferably flexible or rigid, respectively adapted for the transport of refrigerant RF, especially physicochemical conditions, and more particularly pressure or flow.
- said ducts may consist mainly of high density polyethylene.
- the invention can not be limited to the type and / or the nature of the elements constituting the RF refrigerant supply circuit: the ducts can be replaced by any equivalent means in ability to provide a substantially identical function.
- heat pumps when the heat pumps operate in closed circuit, they generally have main organs cooperating fluidically with the aid of the refrigerant RF, including:
- a pressure reducer also known as a pressure reducer, reducing the pressure of the refrigerant RF in the liquid phase
- a compressor actuated by any suitable means, generally electric and raising the pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant in the form of vapor by compressing it.
- the system for generating hot and cold water 200 of an energy production station comprises all firstly a third heat exchanger 220 cooperating fluidically, that is to say being in fluid communication, with said third water supply circuit W and said refrigerant supply circuit RF.
- the water W taken at the outlet WO, optionally alternatively at the WWI hot water inlet and / or cold water CWI, of the electrical energy production system is conveyed to the third heat exchanger 220 by means of the third circuit W water then circulates in the third heat exchanger 220 and recovers heat in the form of calories returned by the refrigerant RF, the latter being in the gaseous state and compressed: the water hot WW is so produced.
- the third heat exchanger also called a third heat exchanger or condenser, advantageously makes it possible to transfer heat energy in the form of heat from the RF refrigerant to the water W through an exchange surface which ensures the separation of water W and RF refrigerant.
- a transfer causes the refrigerant RF to pass from the gaseous state to the liquid state, since said RF refrigerant has transmitted its energy to the water W.
- a third heat exchanger 220 may consist of a U-tube exchanger, a horizontal tubular heat exchanger or vertical, a plate heat exchanger, a finned exchanger or a spiral exchanger.
- the hot water and cold water generation system 200 of an energy production station 1 comprises a fluid water outlet FWWO cooperating fluidically, that is to say in fluidic communication, with the third heat exchanger 220.
- a hot water outlet FWWO may advantageously comprise or cooperate with water collection means (not shown in the figures) adapted to collect hot water WW.
- Such collection means may optionally consist of one or more nozzles, pipes, tubes or drains. Said hot water outlet FWWO can optionally and directly communicate with the infrastructures or installations in which WW hot water will be directly used.
- the hot water outlet FWWO may comprise or cooperate with a storage tank (not shown in the figures), adapted and / or arranged to keep the hot water WW for future use during a given period .
- the refrigerant RF is advantageously in liquid form and its temperature decreases sharply.
- the refrigerant RF is then conveyed by means of the pressure reducer 230 of the RF refrigerant supply circuit.
- the pressure reducer 230 also known as the pressure reducer, makes it possible to reduce the pressure refrigerant RF to facilitate its evaporation.
- a system for generating hot water and cold water also comprises a fourth heat exchanger 280 cooperating fluidically, that is to say in fluid communication, with said fourth water supply circuit W and said refrigerant supply circuit RF.
- the water W taken at the outlet WO of the electrical energy production system 100 is conveyed to the fourth heat exchanger 280 by means of the fourth water supply circuit W.
- the water W then circulates within the fourth heat exchanger and renders heat in the form of calories, said heat being recovered by the refrigerant RF, the latter being in the liquid state: CW cold water is thus produced.
- the fourth heat exchanger also called a fourth heat exchanger or evaporator, advantageously makes it possible to transfer heat energy in the form of heat from water W to the refrigerant RF through an exchange surface that guarantees the separation of the water W and the refrigerant RF.
- a transfer causes the refrigerant RF to pass from the liquid state to the gaseous state, since said RF refrigerant recovers energy by evaporating.
- a fourth heat exchanger 280 may consist of a U-tube exchanger, a horizontal or vertical tube-beam heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a finned exchanger or a spiral heat exchanger.
- the hot water and cold water generation system 200 of an energy production station 1 comprises a cold water outlet FCWO cooperating fluidically, that is to say say in fluid communication, with the fourth heat exchanger 280.
- a cold water outlet FCWO can advantageously include or cooperate with water collection means (not shown in the figures), adapted to collect CW cold water.
- Such collection means may optionally consist of one or more nozzles, pipes, tubes or drains.
- Said cold water outlet FCWO can possibly and directly communicate with the infrastructures or installations in which CW cold water will be directly used.
- the cold water outlet FCWO may comprise or cooperate with a storage tank (not shown in the figures), adapted and / or arranged to keep CW cold water for future use during a given period .
- the system for generating hot water and cold water 200 of an energy production station 1 comprises a compressor 240 cooperating fluidically, that is to say in fluid communication, with the third heat exchanger 220 and the fourth heat exchanger 280.
- the compressor 240 the refrigerant RF is compressed and therefore passes a low pressure at a higher pressure due to the mechanical energy provided by the compressor 240.
- said compressor 240 comprises a mechanical shaft S (not shown in FIG. 3A) and means for compressing the RF refrigerant which mechanically co-operates with said mechanical shaft S.
- the compressor 240 of a system for generating hot water and cold water 200 can be selected from:
- a piston compressor comprising one or more pistons, a cylinder for compressing the RF refrigerant in which the piston or pistons slide in leaktight manner, the refrigerant RF being admitted into the cylinder via a valve or a valve, thanks to the suction caused by the recoil of the piston or pistons;
- a screw compressor comprising a cylinder in which the refrigerant RF is admitted, a rotatable piece pregnant by said cylinder and a rotating worm, for compressing the gaseous RF refrigerant, between the cylinder and the rotary part driven by said screw; a compressor described as "scroll”, comprising a rotor in the form of a spiral, said rotor compressing the gaseous RF refrigerant continuously by rotating around another fixed spiral.
- the refrigerant RF is in gaseous form at high pressure and its temperature is high.
- a hot water and cold water generation cycle can be implemented again.
- the constraints relating to the location of an energy production station according to the invention require the development of new arrangements or configurations to facilitate the establishment and maintenance of said station.
- the invention provides a clever configuration allowing the combination of the energies possibly produced by the electrical energy production system 100 and necessary for the implementation of the hot water and cold water generation system 200.
- compressor 240 of the hot water and cold water generation system 200 of an energy production station 1 according to the invention is actuated by the generator 150 of the electrical energy production system 100 thereof . First and second embodiments of such an actuation will be described respectively in connection with Figures 3A and 3B in the following document.
- the compressor 240 of a system for generating hot and cold water can be actuated by the electrical energy delivered by the generator 150 of the electrical energy production system 100.
- energy production 1 by using the energy produced by another system, in this case the electrical energy produced by the electric power generation system 100 to allow the implementation of the hot water and cold water generation system 200 and reduce or even eliminate in some cases the external means necessary for the full implementation of said energy production station and finally propose a station practically self-sufficient.
- the turbine 140 and the electricity generator 150 of the production system electrical energy 100 can cooperate mechanically by means of a mechanical shaft S, according to a mechanical connection, preferably but not limited to a connection flush, pivot or ball joint, or even a single shaft: it then forms a turbogenerator.
- said shaft S of the turbo-generator can also cooperate mechanically with, that is to say be integral in a suitable mechanical connection of the compressor 240 to actuate the latter.
- the shaft S of the turbine 140 can directly drive or actuate the compressor 240, more particularly the means for compressing the refrigerant RF
- This configuration proves particularly advantageous, since it not only enables the pooling of the resources needed to operate a system of the energy production station 1 by the use of the energy produced by another system, but also to reduce the consumption of electrical energy and ultimately the maintenance costs of said station 1.
- the actuation of the compressor 240 according to the second embodiment of an energy production station 1 according to the invention is carried out by means of mechanical energy.
- an energy production station 1 in accordance with the invention consists mainly of an integrated all-in-one system and is particularly suitable for implementation on an isolated site, making it possible to provision of users on said isolated site number of different and modular energy sources.
- an isolated site may have requirements for fresh, potable or appropriate water for example to be consumed, used in cooking or agriculture.
- an energy production station may comprise a desalinization module 300 cooperating fluidically, that is to say in fluid communication, with, upstream of said desalination module 300, the output water WO of the electrical energy production system 100, thus making it possible to recycle the "waste" water produced by said electrical energy production system 100.
- said desalination module 300 can be supplied directly, for all or part, in seawater, by means of an inlet in sea water and suitable distribution means, in the form of a distributor or a control valve cooperating with one or more conduits.
- a desalination module 300 of an energy production station 1 then comprises a pump 320 for conveying water under pressure and a reverse osmosis membrane 330 supplied with water by said pump 320. , a fluid water outlet FWO cooperating fluidically, that is to say in fluid communication, with said membrane 330 of reverse osmosis.
- the reverse osmosis membrane 330 may advantageously be selected from tubular-shaped membranes, plane membranes (also known in the English terminology as "pillow-shaped”) or spiral membranes. These are the spiral membranes that will generally be preferred, since the latter prove to be the most suitable because of low replacement costs and easier maintenance.
- the invention can not be limited to the nature or to the number of reverse osmosis membranes present within the desalination module 300.
- a desalination module 300 may also comprise one or more filters positioned upstream of the desalination module 300.
- the membrane 330 (not shown in Figures 1, 3A and 3B) arranged to separate beforehand the water W of any sediment, sand or detritus and thus preserve the integrity of the reverse osmosis membrane 330.
- Other filters may also be present in said desalination module 300 downstream of the membrane 330 (not shown in Figures 1, 3A and 3B) for extracting any flavoring or odorous elements making the water unsuitable for the consumption.
- the desalination module of an energy production station 1 can, if necessary, be supplied with electrical energy by the electrical power generation system 100 of said station.
- the fresh water outlet FWO may advantageously comprise or cooperate with water collection means (not shown in the figures), adapted to collect water W.
- Such collection means may optionally consist of one or more nozzles, pipes, tubes or drains.
- Said cold water outlet FWO can possibly and directly communicate with the infrastructures or installations in which the fresh water W will be directly used.
- the fresh water outlet FWO may comprise or cooperate with a storage tank (not shown in the figures), adapted and / or arranged to keep the fresh water W for future use during a given period .
- the fresh water W produced can be used to operate the system for generating hot and cold water of an energy production station according to the invention, thus allowing the pooling of resources used and energies produced.
- the desalination module 300 of an energy production station 1 in accordance with the invention can cooperate fluidly, that is, to be in fluid communication, with downstream of said desalination module 300, the third and fourth water supply circuits of the hot water and cold water generation system 200.
- the hot water WW and the fourth cold water supply circuit CW will, according to these advantageous embodiments, consist of hot fresh water outlets FWWO and cold fresh water FCWO, as well as the third supply circuit in water. warm WW fresh water and CW fourth cold fresh water supply circuit.
- an energy production station 1 according to the invention may also comprise a climatic energy generation system 400, cooperating fluidly, that is, that is to say being in fluidic communication, with the water outlet WO or possibly the cold water inlet CW of the electrical energy production system 100 of the same station, thus making it possible to recycle the "wastewater" produced by said system for producing electrical energy 100 or to work by pooling the means with said electrical energy production system 100.
- a climatic energy generation system 400 cooperating fluidly, that is, that is to say being in fluidic communication, with the water outlet WO or possibly the cold water inlet CW of the electrical energy production system 100 of the same station, thus making it possible to recycle the "wastewater" produced by said system for producing electrical energy 100 or to work by pooling the means with said electrical energy production system 100.
- said climatic energy generating system 400 can also be fed directly, for all or part, in seawater, by means of a seawater inlet and suitable distribution means, in the advantageous form of a distributor or a control valve cooperating with one or more ducts.
- a climate energy production system 400 of an energy production station 1 is based on the principle and technologies of cooling with cold seawater ("SWAC", “Sea Water Air Cooling", according to an English terminology -Saxon).
- said climatic energy generating system 400 may comprise firstly a fifth water supply circuit W comprising a fifth pump 410 and fluidly cooperating with the water outlet WO or possibly the CWI cold water inlet.
- a fifth water supply circuit W makes it possible to put in fluid communication all the elements contained in said fifth supply circuit and to circulate the water W, within the climatic energy production system 400.
- the fifth water supply circuit W may comprise a plurality of ducts, advantageously flexible or rigid, respectively adapted to the transport of electricity.
- water W especially physicochemical conditions, and more particularly pressure or flow.
- said ducts may consist mainly of of high density polyethylene.
- the invention can not be limited to the type and / or the nature of the elements constituting the fifth water supply circuit W: the ducts can be replaced by any equivalent means able to provide a substantially identical function.
- the climatic energy generating system 400 of an energy production station 1 may also comprise a heat transfer fluid supply circuit HTF comprising a circulation pump 440 of said heat transfer fluid HTF.
- a heat transfer fluid supply circuit HTF comprising a circulation pump 440 of said heat transfer fluid HTF.
- Such heat transfer fluid HTF advantageously has certain physicochemical properties: in fact, such a heat transfer fluid must be able to absorb a large amount of heat in the form of calories to generate conditioned air.
- said heat transfer fluid HTF must also comply with safety standards and prevent any risk induced and related to the environment or dangerous to humans.
- such an HTF heat transfer fluid may be brine.
- the HTF heat transfer fluid circuit advantageously closed, represented in FIGS. 3A and 3B by a plurality of lines and two solid discontinuous points, makes it possible to put into fluidic communication all the elements contained in said supply circuit. and to circulate the HTF heat transfer fluid within the climatic energy production system 400.
- the HTF heat transfer fluid supply circuit may comprise a plurality of ducts, advantageously flexible or rigid, adapted respectively to the transport of HTF heat transfer fluid, in particular under physicochemical conditions, and more particularly pressure or flow.
- said ducts may consist mainly of high-density polyethylene.
- the latter also comprises a fifth heat exchanger 420 fluidly cooperating with said fifth water supply circuit W and said heat transfer fluid supply circuit. HTF.
- the water W taken at the outlet WO or possibly at the cold water inlet CW of the electrical energy production system 100 is conveyed to the fifth heat exchanger 420 by means of the fifth water supply circuit W.
- water W then circulates within the fifth heat exchanger 420 and recovers the heat in the form of calories returned by the heat transfer fluid HTF, the latter remaining in the liquid state: hot water WW is then produced. Once produced, the WW hot water can be collected and eventually used to meet the hot water requirements present at the installation site of the energy generating station.
- the fifth heat exchanger 420 also called fifth heat exchanger, advantageously makes it possible to transfer thermal energy in the form of heat from the heat transfer fluid HTF to the water W through an exchange surface which ensures the separation of the water W and the heat transfer fluid HTF.
- a fifth heat exchanger 420 may consist of a U-tube exchanger, a horizontal or vertical tube-beam heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a finned exchanger or a spiral exchanger.
- the climatic energy production system 400 comprises a sixth heat exchanger 430, allowing the air conditioning to be expelled.
- a sixth heat exchanger 430 fluidly cooperates, that is to say is in fluid communication, with said HTF heat transfer fluid supply circuit. Air is drawn near the sixth heat exchanger 430 and introduced into said sixth heat exchanger 430.
- the heat transfer fluid HTF then circulates within the sixth heat exchanger and recovers heat from the air in the form of calories. Cold air conditioning is thus produced and expelled.
- Such air conditioning can subsequently be conveyed by means of adapted pipes, then be delivered and used to temper certain enclosures or infrastructures of the installation site with air conditioning needs.
- the sixth heat exchanger 430 advantageously makes it possible to transfer thermal energy in the form of heat from the air to the HTF heat transfer fluid through an exchange surface which guarantees the separation of air and heat transfer fluid HTF.
- a sixth heat exchanger 430 may be selected from a U-tube heat exchanger, a horizontal or vertical tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a finned exchanger or a spiral heat exchanger.
- the electrical energy produced and delivered by the electrical energy production system 100 of an energy production station 1 according to the invention can advantageously be used for the implementation of of said climate energy generating system 400.
- the invention has been described in its use and / or application in connection with a hotel complex located in an archipelago of isolated islands. It can also be implemented for all other categories of places, such as isolated communities, government and / or military installations, large industrial and / or commercial complexes, universities, airports or data centers (also known in the English terminology “data centers”) having the capacity to implement technologies of the "OTEC" type, that is to say in any place of the world where the necessary difference of temperatures that is, of the order of twenty degrees Celsius, between a hot source and a cold source can be observed throughout the year, typically in tropical waters.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Oceanography (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/FR2016/053531 WO2018109287A1 (fr) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | Station de production d'energies |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3555469A1 true EP3555469A1 (fr) | 2019-10-23 |
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ID=57944454
Family Applications (1)
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EP16831821.0A Withdrawn EP3555469A1 (fr) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | Station de production d'energies |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US20190360472A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3555469A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018109287A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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US10822992B2 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2020-11-03 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Systems and methods for colocation of high performance computing operations and hydrocarbon production facilities |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5513494A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1996-05-07 | Otec Developments | Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system |
US9366238B2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2016-06-14 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | System and process of cooling an OTEC working fluid pump motor |
-
2016
- 2016-12-16 US US16/469,874 patent/US20190360472A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-12-16 WO PCT/FR2016/053531 patent/WO2018109287A1/fr unknown
- 2016-12-16 EP EP16831821.0A patent/EP3555469A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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US20190360472A1 (en) | 2019-11-28 |
WO2018109287A1 (fr) | 2018-06-21 |
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