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EP3536875B1 - Élément de construction en forme de plaque - Google Patents

Élément de construction en forme de plaque Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3536875B1
EP3536875B1 EP19155315.5A EP19155315A EP3536875B1 EP 3536875 B1 EP3536875 B1 EP 3536875B1 EP 19155315 A EP19155315 A EP 19155315A EP 3536875 B1 EP3536875 B1 EP 3536875B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
building element
shaped building
element according
veneer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19155315.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3536875A1 (fr
Inventor
Guido Schulte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valinge Innovation AB
Original Assignee
Valinge Innovation AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valinge Innovation AB filed Critical Valinge Innovation AB
Priority to EP21203078.7A priority Critical patent/EP3960957A1/fr
Publication of EP3536875A1 publication Critical patent/EP3536875A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3536875B1 publication Critical patent/EP3536875B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate-shaped component, in particular a floor panel.
  • US 2014/144583 A1 discloses a method of making a floor panel including providing a backing containing a thermoplastic material, applying a primer comprising at least one salt, preferably a metal salt, to a first surface of the backing, printing by means for digitally printing a first print on the first surface of the carrier with an aqueous pigment ink composition, applying a protective layer to the first surface of the carrier and applying the carrier to a core. By applying heat and pressure, the protective layer, the carrier and the core are pressed together to form the floor panel.
  • a primer comprising at least one salt, preferably a metal salt
  • CA 2 786 529 A1 discloses a floor covering with a base layer which can comprise polymers, plasticizers, pigments, elasticizers, fillers and / or wood flour.
  • a base layer which can comprise polymers, plasticizers, pigments, elasticizers, fillers and / or wood flour.
  • One or more base layers, a paint layer and optionally a wear layer are hot-pressed using a hydraulic press to form a panel.
  • the plates can have toothing in the form of tongue and groove.
  • WO 2009/124704 A1 discloses a floorboard with a base layer based on wood fibers and a thin surface layer, for example wood veneer.
  • a sub-layer comprising wood fibers and a binding agent is arranged between the base layer and the surface layer. The surface layer, the lower layer and the base layer are hot-pressed.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a panel-shaped structural element, in particular a floor panel, which is improved in terms of production and application technology.
  • the plate-shaped component has a plate body which is formed from a mixture of fibrous and / or powdered wood material, binders and color pigments, which is pressed under the action of temperature and pressure, a carrier layer being integrated into the plate body, whereby the carrier layer consists of at least one wood veneer.
  • the pressing process takes place between a lower pressing plate and an upper pressing plate in a heated press.
  • An essential aspect of the invention consists in the use of the mixture of fibrous and / or pulverulent wood material, binders and color pigments. This mixture is compressed under the influence of temperature and pressure. The pressed mixture alone can form the plate body.
  • a carrier layer is integrated into the panel body.
  • the carrier layer consists of at least one wood veneer (real wood veneer). Furthermore, a fleece or a fabric layer can be used as the carrier layer.
  • the fiber fleece is particularly advantageously made of cellulose or wood pulp.
  • the carrier layer is in the form of a paper layer or as a flat cellulose fabric or - braid executed.
  • the carrier layer can in particular be a kraft paper.
  • a carrier layer made of fiber fleece this consists predominantly of cellulose fibers to which the usual additives such as starch or alum and glue have been added.
  • the carrier layer can also contain additives, resins and other thermoplastic material components.
  • the combination of different flat carrier layers is also possible.
  • the carrier layer can also have a multi-layer structure.
  • the veneer support layers are made of wood. As a rule, two layers of veneer are arranged one on top of the other. The veneer layers are aligned transversely to one another. The veneer layers can have a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm. The wood moisture should preferably be less than 14%.
  • a carrier layer made of fiber fleece this preferably has a weight per unit area of 80 g / m 2 to 500 g / m 2 .
  • the fiber fleece is particularly advantageously impregnated with resins.
  • the nonwoven carrier layer already has resins which are melted when the panel body is pressed together.
  • the mixture of fibrous and / or powdered wood-based material, binders and color pigments is also referred to as a powder mixture in the context of the invention.
  • Wood fibers contained in the powder mixture are up to 500 ⁇ m in length.
  • the proportion of wood-based material in the mixture is at least 30%. In particular, the proportion of wood-based material in the mixture is over 30%.
  • the mixture can furthermore contain additives, for example effect particles such as mica, and / or anti-abrasive auxiliaries, for example corundum.
  • additives for example effect particles such as mica, and / or anti-abrasive auxiliaries, for example corundum.
  • the wood-based material is a by-product from the production and / or processing of compacted fiberboard.
  • Fibreboard in particular high-density or medium-density fibreboard, which are used, for example, in the production of laminate or parquet floor coverings, are generally profiled on the edge.
  • the resulting waste products in the form of wood flour are used in the context of the invention as waste products for the production of the mixture according to the invention.
  • the plate-shaped component can also have a reinforcement.
  • a reinforcement In particular, nonwovens, rovings or glass fiber fabrics are used as reinforcements, which are incorporated into the panel-shaped component or panel body.
  • the reinforcement can contain thermoplastic material components which melt when the floor covering is pressed and which advantageously influence or support the formation of the panel-shaped component and its properties, such as elasticity.
  • the surface of a plate-shaped component according to the invention can be machined.
  • the surface is sanded, embossed, brushed and / or sealed. It is also possible to paint the surface.
  • the surface can be printed with a decoration.
  • the plate-shaped component has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 5 mm.
  • layer thicknesses of the plate body of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm result.
  • the panel body is extremely hard and resilient or flexible. Elastic properties can also advantageously be set. This is advantageous when laying, as well as when using.
  • the plate-shaped components are preferably configured in a rectangular manner.
  • the practical application of the panel-shaped structural elements is improved in that the side edges of the panel bodies are profiled and provided with locking means.
  • the locking means are used for the mechanical coupling of components laid adjacently in a surface covering, in particular a floor covering.
  • the locking means are designed in particular in the manner of a click system.
  • the mixture of fibrous and / or pulverulent wood material, binders and Color pigments sprinkled on a press plate.
  • a press plate made of a material with good thermal conductivity is used.
  • the press plate is made of metal, preferably of light metal, such as aluminum. The press plate sprinkled with the mixture is then moved into a heated press. There the mixture is pressed and the plate-shaped component is formed.
  • the press plate is designed in such a way that water or liquid contained in the mixture, which results from the reaction of the mixture components contained during pressing, can escape without damaging the plate body, for example through the formation of bubbles.
  • the press plate can have pores or also be provided with a micro-perforation.
  • the press plates can consist of sintered materials, in particular sintered metal, which have a porosity and which absorb or remove moisture.
  • a metallic press plate also has the advantage that the plate-shaped component is also heated from below during the pressing. This results in a more uniform curing of the plate-shaped component.
  • the press plate can also be structured or have a structured pressing surface, through which the plate body receives a surface structure during pressing.
  • the structuring or profiling of the press plate can also serve to dissipate moisture. In this way, as already stated above, residual moisture or process moisture during pressing can be neutralized.
  • the press plate can also be provided with a release agent, for example an emulsion, which ensures that the plate bodies can easily be detached from the press plate after pressing. It is also possible to use release papers or silicone borders and the like as release agents.
  • the mixture is, as already stated above, sprinkled onto the carrier layer.
  • the carrier layer has been positioned on the press plate beforehand.
  • the structure of the carrier layer and powder mixture is then pressed in a press under the action of temperature and pressure.
  • the powder mixture as a layer to the press plate and then to place the carrier layer on the powder mixture.
  • the carrier layer is then embedded between the lower pressing plate and an upper pressing plate in the matrix of the melted powder mixture.
  • aminoplastic resins or polyurethanes are used as binders.
  • Aminoplasts are particularly advantageous.
  • a binder that is advantageous in practice is melamine resin.
  • urea resins, phenolic resins or mixtures thereof are also possible.
  • Polyurethanes or prepolymers are also very suitable as binders.
  • the carrier layer such as veneers, or an integrated fleece are soaked in the melted powder mixture and thereby impregnated.
  • a resin layer is also formed on the underside of the carrier layer.
  • the carrier layer is impermeable to the powder mixture in the initial state.
  • the powder mixture can advantageously be distributed on the carrier layer by means of scattering devices from an application point of view.
  • the carrier layer is tight in this state. Only in the press under pressure and temperature is the powder mixture melted and the carrier layer permeable. The carrier layer can soften during the pressing process, so that the melted powder mixture completely penetrates and / or infiltrates the carrier layer.
  • the pressing pressure is greater than or equal to 35 kg / cm 2 .
  • the press temperatures are greater than 120 ° C and less than 220 ° C.
  • the pressing times relate to the temperature of the top press plate. This means that the upper press plate has a temperature of greater than 120 ° C in the specified temperature window.
  • the pressing times are 10 seconds and 120 seconds, in particular between 15 seconds and 55 seconds.
  • the pressing temperature on the lower pressing plate can be lower than the temperature of the upper pressing plate.
  • a temperature difference between the upper press plate and the lower press plate of up to 100 ° C. is possible and also expedient.
  • the temperature of the lower press plate is 25 ° C and above.
  • the temperature of the lower press plate during the pressing process is preferably greater than 60 ° C.
  • the finished products i.e. the panel-shaped component
  • the finished products i.e. the panel-shaped component
  • the individual plate-shaped components are carefully stacked straight to avoid deformations and unevenness.
  • Another advantageous production sequence provides that the powder mixture is pre-hardened before it is pressed in the press. This creates a skin on the surface of the powder mixture resting on the press plate. Skin formation can take place by starting the reaction of the binders contained in the form of gelation or by applying moisture, for example in the form of a water mist and / or by applying heat, for example by means of IR radiators. The skin formation fixes the surface as well as the color and design. Furthermore, whirling up the powder mixture during the pressing process can be avoided.
  • the panel-shaped component according to the invention can in principle be used without a carrier plate, that is to say for example a carrier plate made of compressed fiber material. This is a use as a direct surface covering.
  • a carrier plate that is to say for example a carrier plate made of compressed fiber material.
  • This is a use as a direct surface covering.
  • components according to the invention it is also possible to apply components according to the invention to carrier plates or similar carrier materials, in particular to glue them.
  • the plate-shaped components can also be designed to be elastic or flexible and bendable, it is also possible to use the components as cladding for curved or round structures, such as columns and the like.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Élément de construction en forme de plaque, notamment panneau de plancher, comprenant un corps de plaque, dans lequel le corps de plaque est fabriqué à partir d'un mélange de pigments colorés, de liant et de matériau de bois sous forme de fibres et/ou de poudre, qui est pressé sous l'action de la température et de la pression, dans lequel une feuille de support est intégrée dans le corps de plaque, dans lequel la feuille de support est constituée d'au moins un placage de bois,
    caractérisé en ce que
    deux feuilles de support de placage sont agencées l'une sur l'autre et les deux feuilles de support de placage sont orientées transversalement l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  2. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les feuilles de placage ont une épaisseur de 0,3 mm à 0,9 mm.
  3. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'humidité du bois des feuilles de placage est inférieure à 14 %.
  4. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un renfort, en particulier un matériau non tissé ou une feuille de tissu, est incorporé.
  5. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le renfort contient des composants de matières thermoplastiques.
  6. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le matériau de bois est un sous-produit issu de la fabrication et/ou du traitement de plaques de fibres compactées.
  7. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une surface de l'élément de construction en forme de plaque est poncée, gaufrée, brossée, scellée et/ou peinte.
  8. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps de plaque possède une épaisseur entre 0,1 mm et 5 mm.
  9. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps de plaque possède une épaisseur entre 0,1 mm et 1,5 mm.
  10. Élément de construction en forme de plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps de plaque est profilé du côté périphérique et doté de moyens de verrouillage.
EP19155315.5A 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élément de construction en forme de plaque Active EP3536875B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21203078.7A EP3960957A1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élément de construction en forme de plaque

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015100218.3A DE102015100218A1 (de) 2015-01-09 2015-01-09 Plattenförmiges Bauelement
EP15202403.0A EP3043005B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élement de construction en forme de plaque

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15202403.0A Division EP3043005B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élement de construction en forme de plaque

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21203078.7A Division EP3960957A1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élément de construction en forme de plaque

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3536875A1 EP3536875A1 (fr) 2019-09-11
EP3536875B1 true EP3536875B1 (fr) 2021-10-20

Family

ID=55066384

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15202403.0A Active EP3043005B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élement de construction en forme de plaque
EP19155315.5A Active EP3536875B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élément de construction en forme de plaque
EP21203078.7A Pending EP3960957A1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élément de construction en forme de plaque

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15202403.0A Active EP3043005B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élement de construction en forme de plaque

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21203078.7A Pending EP3960957A1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2015-12-23 Élément de construction en forme de plaque

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (3) EP3043005B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015100218A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2721028T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20190775T1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3043005T3 (fr)
TR (1) TR201905785T4 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009124704A1 (fr) * 2008-04-07 2009-10-15 Välinge Innovation Belgium BVBA Panneaux composés de fibres de bois dotés d’une mince couche superficielle

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3005707A1 (de) * 1980-02-15 1981-08-20 Streif Ohg, 5461 Vettelschoss Grossformatige bauplatte und verfahren zu deren herstellung, sowie aus diesen platten bestehendes wandelement
CA2278048A1 (fr) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-10 Takeichi Yoshida Materiau de finition ligneux
DE102005061222A1 (de) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-21 Dynea Erkner Gmbh Pflanzliche Faser, Formkörper auf Faserbasis sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Novolak versehenen pflanzlichen Fasern
KR100679815B1 (ko) * 2006-01-26 2007-02-06 주식회사 엘지화학 대칭구조를 이용한 무늬목과 고밀도섬유판을 갖는마루바닥재 및 이의 제조방법
DE102009000717A1 (de) * 2009-02-09 2010-08-12 Wacker Chemie Ag Natur/Kunststoff-Flächengebilde
CA3209449A1 (fr) * 2010-01-11 2011-07-14 Valinge Innovation Ab Revetement de sol a conception verrouillee
WO2011087422A1 (fr) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Ceraloc Innovation Belgium Bvba Couche de surface colorée brillante
CN103459165B (zh) * 2011-04-12 2017-02-15 瓦林格创新股份有限公司 生产层的方法
PL2730429T3 (pl) * 2012-11-07 2018-06-29 Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh Sposób wytwarzania dekorowanego panelu ściennego lub podłogowego
US9409382B2 (en) * 2012-11-28 2016-08-09 Valinge Innovation Ab Method of producing a building panel
DE102013113478A1 (de) * 2013-12-04 2015-06-11 Guido Schulte Fußboden-, Wand- oder Deckenpaneel und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009124704A1 (fr) * 2008-04-07 2009-10-15 Välinge Innovation Belgium BVBA Panneaux composés de fibres de bois dotés d’une mince couche superficielle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3043005A1 (fr) 2016-07-13
ES2721028T3 (es) 2019-07-26
EP3536875A1 (fr) 2019-09-11
EP3960957A1 (fr) 2022-03-02
EP3043005B1 (fr) 2019-02-06
DE102015100218A1 (de) 2016-07-14
TR201905785T4 (tr) 2019-05-21
HRP20190775T1 (hr) 2019-06-14
PL3043005T3 (pl) 2019-07-31

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