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EP3521494A1 - Procédé et système de fabrication de tissus de filets colorés biodégradables - Google Patents

Procédé et système de fabrication de tissus de filets colorés biodégradables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3521494A1
EP3521494A1 EP18155193.8A EP18155193A EP3521494A1 EP 3521494 A1 EP3521494 A1 EP 3521494A1 EP 18155193 A EP18155193 A EP 18155193A EP 3521494 A1 EP3521494 A1 EP 3521494A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
colour
compounds
packaging material
textile
moulded bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18155193.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marina Crnoja-Cosic
James Martin Taylor
Robert Malinowsky
Gabriele PALENIK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lenzing AG
Original Assignee
Lenzing AG
Chemiefaser Lenzing AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lenzing AG, Chemiefaser Lenzing AG filed Critical Lenzing AG
Priority to EP18155193.8A priority Critical patent/EP3521494A1/fr
Priority to ATA50045/2019A priority patent/AT521479B1/de
Publication of EP3521494A1 publication Critical patent/EP3521494A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
    • D04B21/12—Open-work fabrics characterised by thread material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D29/00—Sacks or like containers made of fabrics; Flexible containers of open-work, e.g. net-like construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure
    • B65D85/34—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for fruit, e.g. apples, oranges or tomatoes
    • B65D85/345—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for fruit, e.g. apples, oranges or tomatoes having a meshed or apertured closure to allow contents to breathe
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/34—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns
    • D02G3/346—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns with coloured effects, i.e. by differential dyeing process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/12—Physical properties biodegradable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/10—Packaging, e.g. bags

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a method and a system for manufacturing biodegradable, suitably coloured netting fabrics, in particular a biodegradable packaging system for fruit, vegetables and other articles which can be coloured to any desired colour to fit with the colour of the items in the package or with the colour scheme used by the producer or to colour code the items in the package.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a textile packaging material which has a colour fitting to the colour of the content of the textile package packed by it.
  • a net in the context of packaging is an open structure fabric with open spaces between the yarns.
  • the open spaces are apertures that allow a clear view of the contents of the package made using the net while providing sufficient control # of the contents to keep the package intact.
  • the size of the apertures can vary widely according to the intended application. Netting used for retail display of fruit and vegetables will have an aperture size of 2mm to 15mm or more specifically of 4 mm to 8 mm.
  • Circular knitted fabric is produced as a tube of fabric in a variety of diameters. A cut length of the tube is sealed at one end and the articles to be packed are placed in the tube and the other end is sealed. Sealing may be by heat sealing or by the use of a mechanical closing device such as a metal or plastic clip or string.
  • Raschel knitted fabric is produced using a type of warp knitting which produces flat fabric.
  • woven leno fabric is produced as a flat fabric.
  • the fabric is first formed into a bag or sack by sewing together two edges of a folded rectangle of fabric. The articles to be packaged are placed in the bag and the open end is sealed by heat sealing or by the use of a mechanical closing device such as a metal or plastic clip or string.
  • a major problem with packaging made using synthetic polymers such as polypropylene and polyethylene is that they are not biodegraded if released into the environment. There is no mechanism in nature for breaking down these synthetic polymers into harmless by-products. As a result if they are disposed of in landfill sites, they will still be present many years later.
  • a solution to this problem of non-biodegradability is the use of cellulosic fibres.
  • Cellulose from trees is readily biodegradable in the environment.
  • Manmade cellulosic fibres have a high rate of biodegradation. They can be coloured during or after manufacturing and can be formed into circular knitted fabrics, raschel knitted fabrics or leno woven fabrics.
  • the fibre family includes viscose, modal and lyocell.
  • the fibre may also be spun into yarn as white uncoloured fibre.
  • the yarn may then be dyed by package dyeing.
  • the yarn may be made into netting fabric by knitting or weaving and then dyed to the desired colour by conventional dyeing techniques.
  • Viscose fibre is produced by extruding a solution of a cellulose derivative through very small spinneret holes and then precipitating by changing the pH value and by converting the derivative back to cellulose.
  • Cellulose as wood pulp is usually used as the starting material although other sources of cellulose such as bamboo and cotton linters are also used.
  • the wood pulp is steeped in sodium hydroxide and then reacted with carbon disulphide to convert it to cellulose xanthate.
  • the xanthate is dissolved in a sodium hydroxide solution to yield a viscous, golden coloured liquid which is commonly called viscose.
  • the viscose is de-aerated and filtered. It is then extruded through precious metal spinnerets into a spinbath consisting of sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate and zinc sulphate.
  • the acid reacts with the sodium hydroxide in the viscose to cause precipitation of the cellulose xanthate.
  • the acid also reacts with the cellulose xanthate converting it back to cellulose.
  • the fibre While the newly formed fibre is still in a plastic state it is stretched to increase the orientation of the cellulose molecules with the axis of the fibre and encourage crystallisation.
  • the fibre may then be cut into lengths to form staple fibre or it may be kept as continuous filament or tow depending on the design of the spinning machine and the product required.
  • the fibre In the remainder of the process the fibre is washed to remove non-cellulose products of the reaction such as sodium sulphate and hydrogen sulphide, finished with lubricants and anti-stats to aid downstream processing and dried.
  • non-cellulose products of the reaction such as sodium sulphate and hydrogen sulphide
  • Modern viscose plants are designed to recover as much of the by-products of the process as possible. This is essential to avoid environmental pollution and to ensure the safety of the workforce and surrounding community. Better recovery and recycling of by-products can also give a positive economic benefit.
  • a pulp mill and the viscose production are linked together so that undried wood pulp is fed directly to the viscose making stage.
  • the non-cellulosic parts of the wood used in the pulp mill are incinerated and used to generate the power used by the pulp mill and most of the power for the viscose process. Further chemicals are recovered before incineration such as acetic acid, xylitol or wood sugar and furfural. Xylitol is used as a low calorie sweetener.
  • Modal fibre is a high wet modulus fibre produced using a modified version of the viscose process.
  • An additive is mixed with the spinning solution which slows down the regeneration of the cellulose during spinning. Together with modified spinbath and viscose composition, the additive allows the fibre to be stretched to a much greater extent than normal viscose. This gives a fibre with a higher orientation which is stronger than viscose and has a modulus closer to that of cotton.
  • Modal fibre is often used in blend with cotton to give softer fabrics than would be made with cotton alone. It is used widely in knitted fabrics for lingerie and ladies apparel.
  • the newest of the three main manmade cellulosic fibres is lyocell. It is produced by a solvent spinning process.
  • the solvent is an amine oxide, which is non-toxic.
  • a slurry of cellulose in a mixture of amine oxide and water is prepared. Water is removed from the slurry by evaporation and as the water content decreases, the cellulose dissolves in the amine oxide producing a solution which is a viscous liquid above 80°C.
  • the solution is extruded through spinneret holes into a water bath.
  • the solvent is diluted by the water and the cellulose precipitates to form a fibre. In the remainder of the process, the fibre is washed to remove any amine oxide solvent, cut into staple fibre, finished with a lubricant and antistatic agent and then dried.
  • the amine oxide solvent is recycled in a closed loop in the factory. Recovery rates of greater than 99.5% are achieved. Recycling of the additive means that the effect of the process on the environment is very low. It is also essential for the economics of the process.
  • Lyocell is much stronger than viscose and is stronger than cotton in both the wet and the dry state. It is used in apparel, home furnishings, workwear and nonwovens. Over 90% of the world's lyocell production is produced by Lenzing AG and sold under the brand TENCEL®.
  • an embodiment of the present invention consists in a method for manufacturing a textile packaging material which has a colour fitting to the colour of the content of the textile package wherein at least two compounds of the textile packaging material are chosen from a system consisting of a fixed set of compounds with different colours. Fitting means that the colour of the packaging material does not need to be of the identical colour, but which helps to present the content in an attractive, aesthetic way.
  • the content can be of any kind, but the invention may be used mainly for contents like food, in particular vegetables and fruits.
  • a system according to the invention means a setup which enables someone to perform the invention. In its most simple embodiment it is a collection of the compounds with different colours, contained e.g. in a warehouse, a storage container or the like.
  • the textile packaging material is a netting fabric.
  • the compounds of the system are fibrous moulded bodies, in particular staple fibers or filaments, mostly preferred staple fibers.
  • the fibrous moulded bodies are manmade cellulosic moulded bodies, in particular made according to the viscose, modal or lyocell process.
  • manmade cellulosic moulded bodies By using such manmade cellulosic moulded bodies a biodegradable packing material is obtained.
  • the system consists of bright, black, dark brown, beige, red and yellow coloured compounds.
  • “Bright compounds” means compounds containing no colour nor any white pigments, e.g. no matting agents like TiO2 pigments; according to the present invention not all 5 kinds of coloured compounds have to be used for manufacturing the same textile packaging material, but the inventive idea is to use at least two of them, in particular either two or three of them, in order to obtain an overall colour which fits to the content of the textile package.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a system suitable for manufacturing a textile packaging material wherein the system consists of bright, black, dark brown, beige, red and yellow coloured compounds.
  • the compounds of the system are fibrous moulded bodies, in particular staple fibers or filaments, mostly preferred staple fibers.
  • the fibrous moulded bodies are manmade cellulosic moulded bodies, in particular made according to the viscose, modal or lyocell process.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a textile packaging material which has a colour fitting to the colour of the content of the textile package packed by it, wherein at least two compounds of the textile packaging material are chosen from a system consisting of a fixed set of compounds with different colours.
  • the textile packaging material is a netting fabric.
  • the compounds within the textile packaging material according to the invention are fibrous moulded bodies, in particular staple fibers or filaments, mostly preferred staple fibers.
  • the fibrous moulded bodies are manmade cellulosic moulded bodies, in particular made according to the viscose, modal or lyocell process.
  • the compounds within the textile packaging material according to the invention are chosen from the group containing bright, black, dark brown, beige, red and yellow coloured compounds.
  • any suitable kind of dyeing is possible to dye the moulded bodies: coloured pigments may be incorporated into the cellulose containing mass, e.g. the spinning solution, before moulding, to obtain spundyed moulded bodies.
  • the moulded bodies may be dyed by substantive dyes, reactive dyes, acid dyes or any other kind of dyes suitable to dye a cellulosic material.
  • the applied colours must fulfil the requirements according to the use of the packing material, i.e. non-toxicity, light fastness, humidity fastness, abrasion resistance, etc.
  • any desired colour of yarn can be produced by blending together the correct proportions of fibres which have been coloured to a small number of selected colours during or after fibre production.
  • an orange modal yarn suitable for producing a net that will match oranges to be packed in it can be produced by blending together 40% red modal fibre, 40% beige modal fibre and 20% yellow modal fibre.
  • the modal fibre is coloured by the addition of pigments to the viscose during fibre manufacture.
  • the blend produced is then spun into a yarn by ring spinning, open end spinning or other suitable yarn spinning method.
  • the fibre may also be coloured by dyeing as staple fibre by stock dyeing.
  • the resultant coloured staple fibre can be blended in the same way as fibre produced by the addition of pigment during the spinning process.
  • the fibre may also be coloured by sliver dyeing to give coloured slivers which can be blended together in the right proportions prior to spinning.
  • Continuous filament manmade cellulosic fibres may also be used to produce the product of the invention.
  • the manmade cellulosic yarns are made into fabric by a suitable method for producing an open net like structure. Suitable methods are those used to produce synthetic fibre netting which currently including circular knitting, raschel knitting and leno weaving.
  • the important aspects of this invention are that the netting is produced using a biodegradable manmade cellulosic fibre and that the netting can be coloured by blending together the correct proportions of producer coloured fibre or fibre coloured prior to spinning. Any appropriate yarn spinning method may be used. Any fabric forming method may be used.
  • the invention allows the production of high quality, functional netting for retail presentation of fruit and vegetables without the use of fossil carbon based fibres.
  • the netting produced will readily degrade by composting or landfill and so does not have a long term effect on the environment.
  • Fig. 1 shows that after only 8 weeks in compost, the nets are completely disintegrated.
  • the netting produced uses a process which is highly sustainable.
  • the netting can be incinerated with no net increase in atmospheric carbon.
  • the primary use of the invention is for packaging of fruit and vegetables for retail presentation, storage and shipping. It may also be used for any packaging application where netting is an acceptable method. For example it may be used for packaging toys, small components and many other articles.
  • Customised colours of netting mean it can fit with a retailer's or brand's image. The colour can be matched to the article being packaged or it may be used to provide contrast and interest.
  • Customised colours also allow differentiation of products by using different colours of netting.
  • a range of five coloured modal fibres were produced by spun dyed technology.
  • the colours were produced by injecting pigments into the dope prior to forcing the dope through the spinnerettes.
  • the fibres were blended as bales prior to the yarn spinning process in the ratio:
  • the fibres were spun into yarn (Nm 34/1, Ring yarn)
  • the yarns were then knitted into nets on a Rius TC-300-TA-2 Multi circular knitting machine.
  • the nets so produced were suitable for use as a biodegradable net for the packaging of oranges at retail.
  • the colour of the nets was sufficiently close to the average colour of the oranges contained within to give a visually pleasing result.
  • the fibres were blended as bales prior to the yarn spinning process in the ratio:
  • the new co-ordinates of the blended fibres were:
  • the fibres were spun into yarn.
  • the yarns were then knitted into nets on a circular knitting machine as in Example 2.
  • the nets so produced were suitable for use as a biodegradable net for the packaging of onions at retail.
  • the colour of the nets was sufficiently close to the average colour of the onions contained within to give a visually pleasing result.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
EP18155193.8A 2018-02-05 2018-02-05 Procédé et système de fabrication de tissus de filets colorés biodégradables Withdrawn EP3521494A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18155193.8A EP3521494A1 (fr) 2018-02-05 2018-02-05 Procédé et système de fabrication de tissus de filets colorés biodégradables
ATA50045/2019A AT521479B1 (de) 2018-02-05 2019-01-22 Verfahren und System zur Herstellung biologisch abbaubarer gefärbter netzförmiger Flächengebilde

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18155193.8A EP3521494A1 (fr) 2018-02-05 2018-02-05 Procédé et système de fabrication de tissus de filets colorés biodégradables

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3521494A1 true EP3521494A1 (fr) 2019-08-07

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EP18155193.8A Withdrawn EP3521494A1 (fr) 2018-02-05 2018-02-05 Procédé et système de fabrication de tissus de filets colorés biodégradables

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EP (1) EP3521494A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT521479B1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020132307A1 (de) 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 Cordenka Innovations GmbH Netz

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2723726A1 (fr) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-23 Deserces Jacques Conditionnement de produits comprenant au moins deux colonnes paralleles notamment pour les fruits, legumes et bulbes floraux
WO2010026227A1 (fr) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Bonar Technical Fabrics N.V. Couche de réseau avec substance biodégradable
DE102013020683A1 (de) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Karatzis S.A. Industrial & Hotelier Enterprises Vorrichtung zum Verpacken mehrerer Arten von Gütern

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2201546T3 (es) * 1997-09-22 2004-03-16 Atlanta Nisseki Claf, Inc. Bolsa de malla abierta y procedimiento para fabricacion de la misma.
CN105518119A (zh) * 2013-09-06 2016-04-20 宝洁公司 包括水溶性纤维壁材料的小袋及其制备方法
PL415186A1 (pl) * 2015-12-08 2017-06-19 Nomanet Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Siatka do wyrobów spożywczych, a zwłaszcza wyrobów wędliniarskich

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2723726A1 (fr) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-23 Deserces Jacques Conditionnement de produits comprenant au moins deux colonnes paralleles notamment pour les fruits, legumes et bulbes floraux
WO2010026227A1 (fr) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Bonar Technical Fabrics N.V. Couche de réseau avec substance biodégradable
DE102013020683A1 (de) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Karatzis S.A. Industrial & Hotelier Enterprises Vorrichtung zum Verpacken mehrerer Arten von Gütern

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HEMINGRAY C., WESTLAND S.: "A novel approach to using neural networks to predict the colour of fibre blends", COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 132, no. 4, August 2016 (2016-08-01), pages 297 - 303, XP002783203, DOI: 10.1111/cote.12220 *
RONG L. I., FENG G. U.: "Tristimulus algorithm of colour matching for precoloured fibre blends based on the Stearns-Noechel model", COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 122, no. 2, April 2016 (2016-04-01), pages 76 - 81, XP002783204, DOI: /10.1111/j.1478-4408.2006.00003.x *
VERPACKUNGZENTRUM: "Compostable beechwood cellulose tube netting", 2017, XP002783202, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://vpz.at/data/uploads/2017/01/VPZ_PR_Packnatur_Cellulose_Net_Tubes_EN_NEU2.pdf> [retrieved on 20180719] *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020132307A1 (de) 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 Cordenka Innovations GmbH Netz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT521479A4 (de) 2020-02-15
AT521479B1 (de) 2020-02-15

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