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EP3452651A1 - Textile nonwoven sheet product which is capable of rolling - Google Patents

Textile nonwoven sheet product which is capable of rolling

Info

Publication number
EP3452651A1
EP3452651A1 EP17721088.7A EP17721088A EP3452651A1 EP 3452651 A1 EP3452651 A1 EP 3452651A1 EP 17721088 A EP17721088 A EP 17721088A EP 3452651 A1 EP3452651 A1 EP 3452651A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
nonwoven
product according
range
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17721088.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3452651B1 (en
Inventor
Cordula CLEFF
Jan Maidorn
Hagen Hohmuth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tenowo GmbH
Original Assignee
Tenowo GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tenowo GmbH filed Critical Tenowo GmbH
Publication of EP3452651A1 publication Critical patent/EP3452651A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3452651B1 publication Critical patent/EP3452651B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4242—Carbon fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rollable textile nonwoven fabric product consisting of a mixture of recycled carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers, which by means of a batt
  • the fiber composite material comprises fibers and at least one
  • thermoplastic matrix material From fibrous waste or old parts, the aforementioned fibers are isolated and with
  • thermoplastic fibers and laid flat in a carding process, so that a batt is produced.
  • a plate material in the form of a pressing step then takes place under the action of heat. It is known carbon fibers as high performance
  • 2011 / 101094A1 proposed a denomination of textile foreign fibers, such as e.g. Polypropylene, in order to increase the fiber orientation degree of the carbon fibers.
  • textile foreign fibers such as e.g. Polypropylene
  • auxiliary fibers are exploited for the targeted influencing of the degree of fiber orientation of carbon fibers.
  • the oriented carbon fibers are heat-bonded to an amount of thermoplastic fibers
  • the pressing takes place at a pressure of 400 N / cm 2 , in the sense of compaction.
  • thermoplastic component used is a pulp of polyhydroxyether use.
  • EP 1 772 258 B1 discloses a laminate construction of a plastic part with coarse fibers of> 10 dtex.
  • reinforcing fibers Among other things, carbon fibers are considered.
  • Carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers which has an open-pored nonwoven structure, so that a subsequent further treatment, e.g. Soaking with a resin is possible in a simple manner.
  • a subsequent further treatment e.g. Soaking with a resin is possible in a simple manner.
  • nonwoven sheet product used
  • Carbon fibers obtained in their original consistency i. It is an essential goal, on the one hand to keep the carbon fiber content as high as possible, on the other hand, but also the mentioned
  • the blending proportion of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range of 5% to 40% by weight and the carbon fiber content is in the range of 60% to 95% by weight, with thermal consolidation to avoid carbon fiber damage under low pressure ⁇ 20 N / cm 2 is carried out in such a way that the desired open-pored nonwoven structure is maintained.
  • the fiber fineness of the carbon fibers used is in the range ⁇ 1 dtex.
  • the cut length of the carbon fibers is in the range between 30 mm and 80 mm.
  • the fiber fineness of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 dtex.
  • the cut length of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range between 30 mm and 70 mm.
  • the fiber mixture is subjected to solidification by increasing the temperature in the range up to 200 ° C and subsequent cooling, wherein melting of the thermoplastic fibers is prevented, but the fibers are melted for connection to the carbon fibers.
  • the resulting nonwoven sheet product has an open-pored, good potion property, but also very uniform, high quality surface.
  • a homogeneous distribution of the fabrics in the batt is provided to a uniform
  • the carbon fibers are not or only slightly damaged by the measures according to the invention during the solidification process, so that it does not lead to a reduction in strength in the later
  • the batt is produced by means of carding.
  • the proportion of carbon fibers is chosen as high as possible, since in this respect the admixed fraction of thermoplastics is a foreign component.
  • the thermoplastic fiber content used are fibers made of polyamide, polypropylene, polyester or other materials, but also fibers based on a bicomponent structure, preferably of polyethylene terephthalate. In a bicomponent fiber, one of the components has a lower melting point than the other, second component.
  • the recycled carbon fibers used can be, for example, cut roving residues, pre-dissolved scrub or fabric remnants, edge sections, Fibers derived from carbon fiber-reinforced plastics and there by thermal, chemical or other treatment
  • the solidification unit is a hot calender, a calender, a calender, a shirt collar press, a belt press or a calender
  • the resulting product is inventively wound with low tension and gently by means of a climbing winder.
  • the weight of the obtained nonwoven fabric is in the range of 50 to 200 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 80 to 150 g / m 2 .
  • the strength properties of the nonwoven sheet product are in
  • Carbon fiber content other components of high-performance pulp from recycling processes are mixed. Here it can be
  • thermoplastic fibers from 5% by weight to a maximum of 40% by weight
  • the nonwoven sheet may be pre-impregnated with resin so as to obtain a prepreg.
  • nonwoven surface product Possible application examples for the use of the nonwoven surface product are applications in the field of the automotive sector, in particular of the interior, the visible side cover of a hood of a
  • a fiber mixture of 90% marginal cut of a multiaxial gel production and 10% polyester based bicomponent fibers are mixed. This mixture is laid by means of carding and crosslayer to a nonwoven. Subsequently, the web is solidified under minimal pressure and at a temperature ⁇ 200 ° C. The resulting nonwoven fabric has a strength in the longitudinal direction of> 1.7 N / cm 2 , with a basis weight of 150 g / m 2 . The nonwoven fabric thus obtained serves as a fiber reinforcement for a polyester resin matrix, which is then formed into a plate having a ⁇ surface quality.
  • thermoplastic fibers are not completely melted or liquefied, but only fused to effect bonding with the carbon fibers.
  • the low pressure application in the range of ⁇ 20 N / cm 2 does not result in undesirable densification of the material, but merely serves to smooth the surface of the material and to promote the bond between the thermoplastic fibers and the carbon fibers. Fiber damage is virtually eliminated by this treatment.
  • the pile layer of the fiber blend using the carding method can be paneled according to possibly higher desired basis weights.
  • the bonding of the fibers with each other takes place at temperatures of up to 200 ° C.
  • the nonwoven fabric according to the invention can be used as surface product or as
  • Reinforcement material for other composite materials are used, but also used as an intermediate layer or structural reinforcement in areas where no high tensile forces are required. Due to the lack of structuring and the high fiber resolution, class A surface properties are achieved. There no

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile nonwoven sheet product which is capable of rolling, consisting of a mixture of recycled carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers, which are laid to form a fibrous web by means of a carding process, are subjected to a nonwoven formation and are subsequently thermally solidified. According to the invention, the mixing ratio of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range of 5 wt.% to 40 wt.-% and the carbon fiber content is in the range between 60 wt.% and 95 wt.%, wherein the thermal solidification for preventing carbon fiber damage is carried out under low pressure of ≤ 20 N/cm² in such a manner that an open-pored nonwoven structure is produced.

Description

Rollfähiges textiles Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt  Rollable textile nonwoven surface product
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein rollfähiges textiles Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt, bestehend aus einer Mischung von recycelten Kohlenstofffasern und thermoplastischen Fasern, welche zu einem Faserflor mittels The invention relates to a rollable textile nonwoven fabric product consisting of a mixture of recycled carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers, which by means of a batt
Krempelverfahren gelegt, einer Vliesbildung unterzogen und anschließend thermisch verfestigt ist, gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.  Carding laid, subjected to a web formation and then thermally bonded, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der WO 2011/101094 AI ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines plattenförmigen Halbzeugs aus Faserverbundwerkstoff vorbekannt. From WO 2011/101094 AI a method for producing a plate-shaped semifinished product made of fiber composite material is previously known.
Der Faserverbundwerkstoff weist Fasern und wenigstens ein The fiber composite material comprises fibers and at least one
thermoplastisches Matrixmaterial auf. Aus faserhaltigen Abfällen oder Altteilen werden die vorerwähnten Fasern isoliert und mit thermoplastic matrix material. From fibrous waste or old parts, the aforementioned fibers are isolated and with
thermoplastischen Fasern vermischt und in einem Krempelprozess flächig gelegt, so dass ein Faserflor erzeugt wird. In einem nachfolgenden Schritt erfolgt dann unter Wärmeeinwirkung die Ausbildung eines Plattenmaterials in Form eines Pressschritts. Es ist bekannt, Carbonfaserstoffe als hochleistungsfähige blended thermoplastic fibers and laid flat in a carding process, so that a batt is produced. In a subsequent step, the formation of a plate material in the form of a pressing step then takes place under the action of heat. It is known carbon fibers as high performance
Faserstoffbewehrung einzusetzen. Anwendungen liegen hier beispielsweise im Flugzeugbau, Schiffbau, Fahrzeugbau und in Windkraftanlagen. Durch die zunehmende Anwendung derartiger Stoffe nimmt die Menge an carbonfaserhaltigen Produktionsabfällen zu. benso entstehen Abfälle ausgedienter Altteile.  Use fibrous reinforcement. Applications are here, for example, in aircraft, shipbuilding, vehicle construction and wind turbines. Due to the increasing use of such substances, the amount of carbon fiber-containing production waste increases. In the same way, waste from disused used parts is produced.
Mit der Lehre nach der WO 2011/101094 AI wird vorgeschlagen, With the teaching according to WO 2011/101094 AI is proposed
plattenförmige Halbzeuge aus Faserverbundwerkstoff auszubilden, wobei kostengünstig erhältliche Carbonfasern als Verstärkungsfasern einsetzbar sind. Diesbezüglich werden aus carbonfaserhaltigen Abfällen oder Altteilen Carbonfasern, Carbonfaserbündel oder deren Mischung isoliert und diese mit thermoplastischen Fremdfasern vermischt. In einem Krempelprozess erfolgt ein flächiges Ablegen und Ausrichten derart, dass ein Faserflor mit einer gezielten Orientierung der Fasern in Längsrichtung erzeugt wird. In wenigstens einem nachfolgenden Schritt wird dann die bereits erwähnte Verpressung unter Wärmeeinwirkung zu einem Plattenmaterial to form plate-shaped semi-finished products made of fiber composite material, wherein economically available carbon fibers can be used as reinforcing fibers. In this regard, from carbon fiber-containing waste or scrap carbon fibers, carbon fiber bundles or their mixture are isolated and mixed with thermoplastic foreign fibers. In a carding process, a planar deposition and alignment takes place in such a way that a batt is produced with a targeted orientation of the fibers in the longitudinal direction. In at least one subsequent step is then the aforementioned compression under heat to a plate material
vorgenommen. Da sich Carbonfasern nur schwer mittels herkömmlicher Krempeltechnik verarbeiten lassen und insbesondere eine Ausrichtung in eine Vorzugsrichtung problematisch ist, wird gemäß der WO performed. Since carbon fibers are difficult to process by conventional carding technology and in particular alignment in a preferred direction is problematic, according to WO
2011/101094A1 vorgeschlagen, eine Zumengung von textilen Fremdfasern, wie z.B. Polypropylen, vorzunehmen, um den Faserorientierungsgrad auch der Carbonfasern zu erhöhen. Es werden also Hilfsfasern zur gezielten Beeinflussung des Faserorientierungsgrads von Carbonfasern ausgenutzt.  2011 / 101094A1, proposed a denomination of textile foreign fibers, such as e.g. Polypropylene, in order to increase the fiber orientation degree of the carbon fibers. Thus, auxiliary fibers are exploited for the targeted influencing of the degree of fiber orientation of carbon fibers.
Die orientierten Carbonfasern werden über den Anteil thermoplastischer Fasern durch Hitze in einen klebenden Zustand verbracht mit The oriented carbon fibers are heat-bonded to an amount of thermoplastic fibers
nachfolgender Verdichtung und Verpressung zur Plattenware und subsequent compression and compression to plate goods and
schlussendlicher Abkühlung. Um die gewünschten Eigenschaften des plattenförmigen Werkstoffs zu erreichen, erfolgt das Verpressen bei einem Druck von 400 N/cm2, und zwar im Sinne einer Kompaktierung. final cooling off. In order to achieve the desired properties of the plate-shaped material, the pressing takes place at a pressure of 400 N / cm 2 , in the sense of compaction.
Ein solcher Verdichtungsprozess im Sinne eines Verpressens zum Erhalt von Plattenware führt jedoch dazu, dass die eingesetzten recycelten Kohlenstofffasern einer nicht akzeptablen Schädigung unterliegen. Trotz der hohen Presskräfte gelingt es mit dem Stand der Technik nicht, einen Verbundwerkstoff hoher Oberflächengüte zu schaffen. However, such a compaction process in the sense of pressing to obtain sheet material results in the recycled carbon fibers used being subject to unacceptable damage. Despite the high pressing forces, it is not possible with the prior art to create a composite of high surface quality.
Aus der DE 10 2013 226921 AI ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffs vorbekannt, wobei als einzige eingesetzte thermoplastische Komponente ein Faserstoff aus Polyhydroxyether Verwendung findet. From DE 10 2013 226921 AI a method for producing a nonwoven fabric is previously known, wherein the only thermoplastic component used is a pulp of polyhydroxyether use.
Die EP 1 772 258 Bl offenbart einen Laminataufbau eines Kunststoffteils mit groben Fasern von > 10 dtex. EP 1 772 258 B1 discloses a laminate construction of a plastic part with coarse fibers of> 10 dtex.
Bekannt ist darüber hinaus ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von In addition, a method for the production of
Verbundwerkstoffen nach der EP 0 062 142 Bl. Dabei besteht der Composite materials according to EP 0 062 142 B1
Verbundwerkstoff aus in einer thermoplastischen Matrix eingebetteten ausgerichteten Verstärkungsfasern, wobei ein Gelege aus den A composite of oriented reinforcing fibers embedded in a thermoplastic matrix, wherein a scrim of the
ausgerichteten Verstärkungsfasern und thermoplastischem Material hergestellt und das thermoplastische Material auf eine Temperatur oberhalb seines Schmelzpunkts erwärmt wird. Als Verstärkungsfasern kommen u.a. Kohlenstofffasern in Betracht. oriented reinforcing fibers and thermoplastic material and the thermoplastic material is heated to a temperature above its melting point. As reinforcing fibers Among other things, carbon fibers are considered.
Aus dem Vorgenannten ist es daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein weiterentwickeltes rollfähiges, d.h. aufroll- oder wickelbares textiles Vliesstoff- Flächenprodukt, bestehend aus einer Mischung aus recycelten From the foregoing, it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a further developed rollable, i. Roll-up or rollable textile nonwoven sheet product consisting of a mixture of recycled
Kohlenstofffasern und thermoplastischen Fasern, anzugeben, welches eines offenporige Vliesstruktur besitzt, so dass eine spätere weitere Behandlung, z.B. Tränkung mit einem Harz, in einfacher Weise möglich wird. Darüber hinaus soll das zu schaffende Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt eingesetzte  Carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers, which has an open-pored nonwoven structure, so that a subsequent further treatment, e.g. Soaking with a resin is possible in a simple manner. In addition, to be created nonwoven sheet product used
Kohlenstofffasern in ihrer ursprünglichen Konsistenz erhalten, d.h. es ist ein wesentliches Ziel, zum einen den Kohlenstofffaseranteil so hoch wie möglich zu halten, andererseits aber auch die erwähnten Carbon fibers obtained in their original consistency, i. It is an essential goal, on the one hand to keep the carbon fiber content as high as possible, on the other hand, but also the mentioned
Tränkeigenschaften zu gewährleisten sowie eine Staubentwicklung durch ungebundene Faserstücke zu minimieren. To ensure drinking properties and to minimize dust formation by unbound fiber pieces.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe der Erfindung erfolgt durch ein rollfähiges textiles Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt gemäß der Merkmalskombination des Anspruchs 1, wobei die Unteransprüche mindestens zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen umfassen. The object of the invention is achieved by a rollable textile nonwoven fabric product according to the feature combination of claim 1, wherein the dependent claims comprise at least expedient refinements and developments.
Es wird demnach von einem rollfähigen und damit leicht handhabbaren textilen Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt ausgegangen, das aus einer Mischung von recycelten Kohlenstofffasern und thermoplastischen Fasern besteht. Diese Mischung wird zu einem Faserflor mittels Krempelverfahren gelegt, einer Vliesbildung unterzogen und anschließend thermisch verfestigt, und zwar im Sinne einer Vorverfestigung. It is therefore assumed that a rollable and therefore easy to handle textile nonwoven sheet product, which consists of a mixture of recycled carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers. This mixture is laid into a batt by means of a carding process, subjected to a nonwoven formation and then thermally consolidated, in the sense of a preconsolidation.
Der Mischungsanteil der thermoplastischen Fasern liegt im Bereich von 5 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-% und der Kohlenstofffaseranteil im Bereich zwischen 60 Gew.-% und 95 Gew.-%, wobei die thermische Verfestigung zu Vermeidung von Kohlenstofffaserschäden unter niedrigem Druck von < 20 N/cm2 erfolgt derart, dass die gewünschte offenporige Vliesstruktur erhalten bleibt. Die Faserfeinheit der eingesetzten Kohlenstofffasern liegt im Bereich < 1 dtex. Die Schnittlänge der Kohlenstofffasern liegt im Bereich zwischen 30 mm und 80 mm. Die Faserfeinheit der thermoplastischen Fasern liegt im Bereich zwischen 1,0 bis 4,0 dtex. Die Schnittlänge der thermoplastischen Fasern liegt im Bereich zwischen 30 mm und 70 mm. The blending proportion of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range of 5% to 40% by weight and the carbon fiber content is in the range of 60% to 95% by weight, with thermal consolidation to avoid carbon fiber damage under low pressure <20 N / cm 2 is carried out in such a way that the desired open-pored nonwoven structure is maintained. The fiber fineness of the carbon fibers used is in the range <1 dtex. The cut length of the carbon fibers is in the range between 30 mm and 80 mm. The fiber fineness of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 dtex. The cut length of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range between 30 mm and 70 mm.
Die Fasermischung wird einer Verfestigung durch Temperaturerhöhung im Bereich bis zu 200°C sowie anschließender Abkühlung unterzogen, wobei ein Aufschmelzen der thermoplastischen Fasern verhindert wird, jedoch die Fasern zur Verbindung mit den Kohlenstofffasern angeschmolzen werden. The fiber mixture is subjected to solidification by increasing the temperature in the range up to 200 ° C and subsequent cooling, wherein melting of the thermoplastic fibers is prevented, but the fibers are melted for connection to the carbon fibers.
Das erhaltene Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt besitzt eine offenporige, gute Tränkeigenschaft, aber auch sehr gleichmäßige, eine hohe Qualität aufweisende Oberfläche. Bei der Herstellung der Mischung von Kohlenstofffasern auf Reclyclingbasis mit polymeren, thermoplastischen Faserstoffen wird für eine homogene Verteilung der Stoffe im Faserflor gesorgt, um eine gleichmäßige The resulting nonwoven sheet product has an open-pored, good potion property, but also very uniform, high quality surface. In the production of the blend of carbon fibers reclyclingbasis with polymeric, thermoplastic fibers, a homogeneous distribution of the fabrics in the batt is provided to a uniform
Eigenschaftsausbildung des Vlieses zu gewährleisten. Die Kohlenstofffasern werden durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen während des Verfestigungsprozesses nicht oder nur gering geschädigt, so dass es nicht zu einer Festigkeitsreduzierung im späteren To ensure property formation of the fleece. The carbon fibers are not or only slightly damaged by the measures according to the invention during the solidification process, so that it does not lead to a reduction in strength in the later
Verbundwerkstoff sowie zu einer nachteiligen Staubentwicklung durch ungebundene Faserstücke kommt. Composite material as well as to a disadvantageous dust development by unbound fiber pieces comes.
Wie bereits dargelegt, wird der Faserflor mittels Krempelverfahren erzeugt. Der Anteil an Kohlenstofffasern wird so hoch wie möglich gewählt, da insofern der beigemischte Anteil von Thermoplasten sich als Fremdkomponente darstellt. Als thermoplastischer Faseranteil kommen Fasern aus Polyamid, Polypropylen, Polyester oder anderen Materialien, aber auch Fasern auf der Basis einer Bikomponentenstruktur, vorzugsweise aus Polyethylenterephthalat zum Einsatz. Bei einer Bikomponentenfaser ist eine der Komponenten mit einem niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt versehen als die weitere, zweite Komponente. As already stated, the batt is produced by means of carding. The proportion of carbon fibers is chosen as high as possible, since in this respect the admixed fraction of thermoplastics is a foreign component. The thermoplastic fiber content used are fibers made of polyamide, polypropylene, polyester or other materials, but also fibers based on a bicomponent structure, preferably of polyethylene terephthalate. In a bicomponent fiber, one of the components has a lower melting point than the other, second component.
Die eingesetzten recycelten Kohlenstofffasern können z.B. geschnittene Rovingreste, voraufgelöste Gelege- oder Gewebereste, Randabschnitte, Fasern, die aus Kohlenstofffaser-verstärkten Kunststoffen stammen und dort mittels thermischer, chemischer oder sonstigen Aufbereitung The recycled carbon fibers used can be, for example, cut roving residues, pre-dissolved scrub or fabric remnants, edge sections, Fibers derived from carbon fiber-reinforced plastics and there by thermal, chemical or other treatment
zurückgewonnen wurden, sein. Als Verfestigungseinheit kommt ein Heißkalander, ein Glättwerk, ein Bandkalander, eine Hemdkragenpresse, eine Bandpresse oder eine be recovered. The solidification unit is a hot calender, a calender, a calender, a shirt collar press, a belt press or a calender
Heißmangel zum Einsatz, wobei eine Modifikation derartig erfolgt, dass der aufgebrachte Druck im Bereich < 2 bar, d.h. < 20 N/cm2 liegt, um Insufficient to use, with a modification such that the applied pressure in the range <2 bar, ie <20 N / cm 2 , to
Faserschädigungen auf jeden Fall zu vermeiden. To avoid fiber damage in any case.
Darüber hinaus werden im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik keine In addition, compared to the prior art no
Prägemuster auf dem erhaltenen Material aufgebracht. Embossed pattern applied to the resulting material.
Die entstandene Ware wird erfindungsgemäß spannungsarm und schonend mittels eines Steigdockenwicklers aufgewickelt. The resulting product is inventively wound with low tension and gently by means of a climbing winder.
Das Gewicht des erhaltenen Vliesstoffs liegt im Bereich von 50 bis 200 g/m2, vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 80 bis 150 g/m2. Die Festigkeitseigenschaften des Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukts sind im The weight of the obtained nonwoven fabric is in the range of 50 to 200 g / m 2 , preferably in the range of 80 to 150 g / m 2 . The strength properties of the nonwoven sheet product are in
Vergleich zum Flächengewicht gering, allerdings weit mehr als Low compared to the basis weight, but far more than
ausreichend, um sowohl das gewünschte Aufwickeln als auch ein positives Handling bei der späteren Verarbeitung zu gewährleisten. In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können zusätzlich zum sufficient to ensure both the desired winding and positive handling during subsequent processing. In an embodiment of the invention, in addition to
Kohlenstofffaseranteil weitere Komponenten an Hochleistungsfaserstoffen aus Recyclingprozessen eingemischt werden. Hier kann es sich  Carbon fiber content other components of high-performance pulp from recycling processes are mixed. Here it can be
beispielsweise um Aramidfasern, Glasfasern, Basaltfasern oder dergleichen handeln. Es ist jedoch dafür Sorge zu tragen, dass der Anteil an For example, aramid fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers or the like. However, it is necessary to ensure that the proportion of
thermoplastischen Fasern von 5 Gew.-% bis maximal 40 Gew.-% thermoplastic fibers from 5% by weight to a maximum of 40% by weight
beibehalten und nicht überschritten wird. maintained and not exceeded.
Zur Veränderung und Optimierung der Materialeigenschaften kann eine Nassausrüstung mit chemischen Substanzen auf dem Material To change and optimize the material properties can be a wet equipment with chemical substances on the material
vorgenommen werden, wobei mittels eines Trocknungs- und be made using a drying and
Fixierungsprozesses dann ein Ausreagieren dieser Substanzen erfolgt. Das Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt kann mit Harz vorimprägniert werden, um so ein Prepreg zu erhalten. Fixation process then a reaction of these substances takes place. The nonwoven sheet may be pre-impregnated with resin so as to obtain a prepreg.
Mögliche Anwendungsbeispiele zur Nutzung des Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukts sind Einsatzfälle im Bereich des Kraftfahrzeugsektors, insbesondere des Interiors, die Sichtseitenabdeckung einer Motorhaube eines Possible application examples for the use of the nonwoven surface product are applications in the field of the automotive sector, in particular of the interior, the visible side cover of a hood of a
Kraftfahrzeugs, aber auch die Nutzung als Sandwichaufbau, als Füllstoff oder als Oberseite von Rotorblättern in Windkraftanlagen. Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden. Motor vehicle, but also the use as a sandwich construction, as a filler or as the top of rotor blades in wind turbines. The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment.
Eine Fasermischung aus 90% Randschnitt einer Multiaxialgelegeproduktion und 10 % Bikomponentenfasern auf Basis von Polyester werden vermischt. Diese Mischung wird mittels Krempelverfahren und Querleger zu einem Vlies gelegt. Anschließend wird das Vlies unter minimaler Druckeinwirkung und bei einer Temperatur < 200°C verfestigt. Der erhaltene Vliesstoff weist eine Festigkeit in Längsrichtung von > 1,7 N/cm2 auf, und zwar bei einem Flächengewicht von 150 g/m2. Der so erhaltene Vliesstoff dient als Faserverstärkung für eine Polyesterharzmatrix, welche dann zu einer Platte geformt eine ΙΑ-Oberflächenqualität aufweist. A fiber mixture of 90% marginal cut of a multiaxial gel production and 10% polyester based bicomponent fibers are mixed. This mixture is laid by means of carding and crosslayer to a nonwoven. Subsequently, the web is solidified under minimal pressure and at a temperature <200 ° C. The resulting nonwoven fabric has a strength in the longitudinal direction of> 1.7 N / cm 2 , with a basis weight of 150 g / m 2 . The nonwoven fabric thus obtained serves as a fiber reinforcement for a polyester resin matrix, which is then formed into a plate having a ΙΑ surface quality.
Bei dieser Behandlung werden die thermoplastischen Fasern nicht zur Gänze aufgeschmolzen oder verflüssigt, sondern lediglich angeschmolzen, um eine Verbindung bzw. Verklebung mit den Kohlenstofffasern zu bewirken. In this treatment, the thermoplastic fibers are not completely melted or liquefied, but only fused to effect bonding with the carbon fibers.
Die niedrige Druckanwendung im Bereich < 20 N/cm2 führt nicht zu einer unerwünschten Verdichtung des Materials, sondern dient lediglich dazu, die Oberfläche des Materials zu glätten und die Verbindung zwischen den thermoplastischen Fasern und den Kohlenstofffasern zu unterstützen. Eine Faserschädigung wird durch diese Behandlung nahezu ausgeschlossen. The low pressure application in the range of <20 N / cm 2 does not result in undesirable densification of the material, but merely serves to smooth the surface of the material and to promote the bond between the thermoplastic fibers and the carbon fibers. Fiber damage is virtually eliminated by this treatment.
Die Florlage aus der Fasermischung unter Nutzung des Krempelverfahrens kann entsprechend möglicherweise gewünschter höherer Flächengewichte getäfelt werden. Die Verklebung der Fasern untereinander geschieht bei Temperaturen von bis zu 200°C. Der erfindungsgemäße Vliesstoff kann als Flächenprodukt oder als The pile layer of the fiber blend using the carding method can be paneled according to possibly higher desired basis weights. The bonding of the fibers with each other takes place at temperatures of up to 200 ° C. The nonwoven fabric according to the invention can be used as surface product or as
Verstärkungsmaterial für sonstige Verbundwerkstoffe Verwendung finden, aber auch als Zwischenlage oder zur Strukturverstärkung in solchen Bereichen eingesetzt werden, wo keine Hochzugkräfte benötigt werden. Aufgrund der fehlenden Strukturierung und der hohen Faserauflösung werden Klasse A-Oberflächeneigenschaften erreicht. Da keine Reinforcement material for other composite materials are used, but also used as an intermediate layer or structural reinforcement in areas where no high tensile forces are required. Due to the lack of structuring and the high fiber resolution, class A surface properties are achieved. There no
druckrelevante mechanische Befestigung vorliegt, stellt sich der erhaltene Vliesstoff als eine Alternativ zu nassverfestigten Vliesstoffen dar. pressure-related mechanical attachment is present, the obtained nonwoven fabric as an alternative to wet-strength nonwovens.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Rollfähiges textiles Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt, bestehend aus einer Mischung von recycelten Kohlenstofffasern und thermoplastischen Fasern, welche zu einem Faserflor mittels Krempelverfahren gelegt, einer Vliesbildung unterzogen und anschließend thermisch verfestigt ist, 1. Rollable textile nonwoven sheet product consisting of a mixture of recycled carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers which has been laid into a batt by means of a carding process, subjected to nonwoven formation and then thermally bonded,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
der Mischungsanteil der thermoplastischen Fasern im Bereich von 5 Gew. % bis 40 Gew.-% und der Kohlenstofffaseranteil im Bereich zwischen 60 Gew.-% und 95 Gew.-% liegt, wobei die thermische Verfestigung zur Vermeidung von Kohlenstofffaserschäden unter niedrigem Druck von < 20 N/cm2 erfolgt derart, dass sich eine offenporige Vliesstruktur ergibt. the blending proportion of the thermoplastic fibers is in the range of 5% to 40% by weight and the carbon fiber content is in the range of 60% to 95% by weight, the thermal strengthening to avoid carbon fiber damage under low pressure of < 20 N / cm 2 takes place in such a way that an open-pored nonwoven structure results.
2. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach Anspruch 1, 2. nonwoven sheet product according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Faserfeinheit der Kohlenstoffeinzelfasern im Bereich < 1 dtex und die Schnittlänge bei 30 mm bis 80 mm liegt.  The fiber fineness of the carbon single fibers in the range <1 dtex and the cut length is 30 mm to 80 mm.
3. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. nonwoven sheet product according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Faserfeinheit der thermoplastischen Einzelfasern im Bereich zwischen 1,0 dtex bis 4,0 dtex und die Schnittlänge bei 30 mm bis 70 mm liegt.  the fiber fineness of the thermoplastic single fibers is in the range between 1.0 dtex to 4.0 dtex and the cut length is 30 mm to 70 mm.
4. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 4. Nonwoven fabric product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Fasermischung einer Verfestigung durch Temperaturerhöhung bis zu 200°C sowie anschließender Abkühlung unterzogen ist, wobei ein Aufschmelzen der thermoplastischen Fasern vermieden wird.  the fiber mixture is subjected to a solidification by increasing the temperature up to 200 ° C and subsequent cooling, wherein melting of the thermoplastic fibers is avoided.
5. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 5. Nonwoven fabric product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Florlage zur Erzielung höherer Flächengewichte getäfelt ist. the pile is paneled to achieve higher basis weights.
6. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 6. nonwoven surface product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Behandlung bei niedrigem Druck eine Glättung der  the treatment at low pressure smoothing the
Materialoberfläche ohne nachteilige Verdichtung bewirkt.  Material surface without adverse compression causes.
7. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 7. Nonwoven fabric product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
dieses als Faserverstärkung für eine Polyesterharzmatrix ausgebildet ist.  this is designed as a fiber reinforcement for a polyester resin matrix.
8. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 8. Nonwoven fabric product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Mischung weitere Hochleistungsfaserstoffe wie Aramidfasern, Glasfasern und/oder Basaltfasern enthält.  the mixture contains other high-performance fibrous materials such as aramid fibers, glass fibers and / or basalt fibers.
9. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 9. Nonwoven fabric product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die erhaltene offenporige Vliesstruktur eine Harzvorimprägnierung aufweist.  the obtained open-pored nonwoven structure has a resin preimpregnation.
10. Vliesstoff-Flächenprodukt nach einem der vorangegangenen 10. nonwoven sheet product according to one of the preceding
Ansprüche,  Claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
dieses als Interieurbauteil im Kraftfahrzeugbereich ausgebildet ist.  this is designed as an interior component in the automotive sector.
EP17721088.7A 2016-05-04 2017-04-27 Textile nonwoven sheet product which is capable of rolling Active EP3452651B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202016002901 2016-05-04
DE202016003587.9U DE202016003587U1 (en) 2016-05-04 2016-06-07 Rollable textile nonwoven surface product
PCT/EP2017/060000 WO2017191024A1 (en) 2016-05-04 2017-04-27 Textile nonwoven sheet product which is capable of rolling

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EP3452651A1 true EP3452651A1 (en) 2019-03-13
EP3452651B1 EP3452651B1 (en) 2020-10-14

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DE3113930A1 (en) 1981-04-07 1982-10-28 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FABRICS FOR THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITIONS WITH ALIGNED REINFORCING FIBERS
DE102005048603A1 (en) 2005-10-06 2007-04-26 J.H. Ziegler Gmbh & Co. Kg Non-woven plastic laminate infiltratable for the production of fiber-reinforced plastic parts
PL2152947T3 (en) * 2007-06-01 2013-03-29 Formfiber Denmark Aps An air-laid non-woven fibre product comprising fibres of recycled material
DE102010008370A1 (en) 2010-02-17 2011-08-18 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V., 07407 Process for producing a plate-shaped semifinished product made of fiber composite material
ITRM20120118A1 (en) * 2012-03-26 2013-09-27 Agenzia Naz Per Le Nuove Tecn Ologie L Ener METHOD FOR THE REALIZATION OF FELT FROM RECYCLING CARBON FIBER.
DE102013226921A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Sgl Automotive Carbon Fibers Gmbh & Co. Kg Nonwoven fabric made of carbon fibers and thermoplastic fibers

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