EP3408356A1 - Verfahren zur aufreinigung eines asphaltenhaltigen brennstoffes - Google Patents
Verfahren zur aufreinigung eines asphaltenhaltigen brennstoffesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3408356A1 EP3408356A1 EP17708749.1A EP17708749A EP3408356A1 EP 3408356 A1 EP3408356 A1 EP 3408356A1 EP 17708749 A EP17708749 A EP 17708749A EP 3408356 A1 EP3408356 A1 EP 3408356A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- solvent
- separation stage
- separation
- asphaltene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
- C10G53/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step
- C10G53/06—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step including only extraction steps, e.g. deasphalting by solvent treatment followed by extraction of aromatics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/003—Solvent de-asphalting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/224—Heating fuel before feeding to the burner
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/205—Metal content
- C10G2300/206—Asphaltenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4081—Recycling aspects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the purification of a fuel containing asphaltene. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding device for the purification of a fuel containing asphaltene.
- Heavy oils are used, which are available as low-cost fuels for energy production by gas turbines.
- raw and heavy oils contain asphaltenes, which in turn contain chemically bound heavy metals such as vanadium or nickel.
- heavy metals such as vanadium or nickel.
- When the oils burn, these heavy metals are released as metal oxides.
- the metal oxides in turn alloy with the metals of the turbine blades and corrode or weaken them.
- asphaltenes have the property of precipitating as a solid under severe pressure or temperature changes. These solid asphaltene particles can clog pipes or fine nozzles of the burners used and thus have a lasting influence on the mixture formation in the turbine, which reduces the efficiency of the turbine.
- the combustion of crude oils in gas turbines is therefore subject to high requirements. Crude oils are only of limited use for power generation in gas turbines, since modern high-performance turbines only tolerate heavy metals such as nickel or vanadium in the fuel up to values below the concentration in most crude oils. For this reason alone, their use in heavy metal-sensitive high-performance turbines is prohibited. An appropriate pretreatment of the fuels before their use in a gas turbine is therefore essential.
- Deasphalting processes are based on extraction of asphaltenes by addition of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons as precipitant or as solvent for the remaining oil constituents.
- Asphaltenes are strongly enriched, removal of asphaltenes leads to an immediate removal of heavy metals.
- the asphaltenes are precipitated, converting the heavy crude oil to a medium or light crude oil.
- the precipitated asphaltenes and the heavy metals removed during the precipitation of the asphaltenes are separated from the crude oil and removed from the process.
- the deasphalted crude oil can then be burned in a gas turbine.
- the solvent is recovered from the process and ideally recycled to the deasphalting process.
- a fraction with the low-boiling fuel constituents is separated from the asphaltene-containing fuel to be purified. The result is a high-boiling components and concentrated asphaltenes and heavy metals fuel fraction, which then the
- the fraction with the low-boiling fuel constituents is essentially free of heavy metals such as vanadium and nickel and can be supplied, for example, to a vanadium-sensitive high-performance turbine and emitted there.
- the above-described processes of recovering the solvent used and the pre-evaporation require high temperatures of several hundred degrees Celsius.
- At high throughputs of pretreated fuel correspondingly large amounts of thermal energy, for example by external heating, must be introduced, whereby the economics of the process is called into question altogether.
- the invention is based, as a first object, on a method by means of which a comparison with conventional methods economically improved separation of
- Asphaltenes is achieved from an asphaltenegon fuel.
- As a second object of the invention is to provide a device which allows a corresponding economic separation of asphaltenes from a fuel containing asphaltene.
- the first object of the invention is achieved by a method for purifying an asphaltene-containing fuel, wherein the asphaltene-containing fuel is fed to a deasphalting unit in which asphaltenes contained in the fuel are separated to form a substantially deasphalted fuel by means of a solvent, wherein the solvent after Separation of the asphaltenes from the fuel in a solvent recovery unit is separated from the deasphalted fuel, and wherein the purification of the
- asphaltene-containing fuel the waste heat of a generated during a power generation of fuel in a gas turbine turbine exhaust gas is used.
- the invention is based on the consideration that, in principle, there is the possibility that the energy required for the treatment of asphaltene-containing fuel prior to its power generation in a gas turbine is the force factory process itself. However, in this case, an undesirable reduction in the power plant efficiency or a power loss of the power plant would have to be accepted.
- the invention proceeds from the further fact that hot turbine exhaust gas, so-called flue gas, is produced during operation of a typical single-cycle gas turbine power plant.
- the turbine exhaust gas typically has temperatures around 500 ° C.
- the energy content of the turbine exhaust gas clearly exceeds the energy requirement for the purification of a fuel.
- the turbine exhaust, or the flue gas is sometimes released unused in the environment.
- the invention now combines and recognizes in a third step, that the previously unused waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas can be specifically used to
- the method offers the possibility of an energy-optimized integration of a fuel purification in a total power plant process in which the purification of the fuel by the transfer of previously unused heat substantially without loss of power plant efficiency or without loss of power.
- the Heat integration is achieved by utilizing the energy of the exhaust gas of a gas turbine. Especially with high energy requirements, the heat integration can also be done by using the energy of exhaust gases of several gas turbines.
- the fuel to be purified is in particular a crude oil whose main constituents, in addition to the asphaltenes, ie highly condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, are above all alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes.
- the fuel is fed to the deasphalting unit, in which the asphaltenes are separated by means of a solvent.
- the temperature of the asphaltene-containing fuel is usually about 60 ° C.
- Deasphalting agents are preferably used short-chain hydrocarbons, such as butanes (C4), pentanes (C5), hexanes (C6) and / or heptanes (C7).
- Butane (C4), pentanes (C5) and hexanes (C6), also referred to as C4 -C6 fraction, are particularly preferably used.
- the solvent used in the deasphalting serves to dissolve soluble constituents contained in the asphaltene-containing fuel, such as, for example, aliphatics, aromatics and paraffins.
- the asphaltene fraction contained in the asphaltene-containing fuel ie the fraction containing asphaltenes and heavy metals, is insoluble in the solvent used. The solvent thus effectively acts as an "anti-solvent" with respect to asphaltenes.
- the deasphalting unit is supplied with the substantially asphaltene-free, ie the deasphalted fuel, and the solvent, the solvent recovery unit. Inside the solvent recovery unit is the solvent is purified and separated from the deasphalted fuel. The separation is carried out by distillation, wherein the lower boiling solvent is evaporated and removed from the mixture.
- the deasphalting downstream solvent recovery usually requires an inlet temperature of about 200 ° C. Typical are temperatures which are just below the critical temperature of the solvent used for deasphalting.
- the waste heat from the turbine exhaust gas is used to separate the solvent from the deasphalted fuel.
- the stream which contains substantially deasphalted fuel and solvent, is preferably heated for this purpose by the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas.
- the heating of the stream is advantageously carried out before it enters a separation unit.
- the heat transfer of the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas to the mixture of deasphalted fuel and the solvent is carried out for this purpose preferably via a heat exchanger upstream of the separation unit.
- the hot turbine exhaust gas flows through the heat exchanger and heats the mixture of solvent and deasphalted fuel.
- the solvent treatment takes place without external heating.
- the solvent separated from the deasphalted fuel in the solvent recovery unit is preferably recycled to the deasphalting unit and used here for renewed deasphalting of an asphaltene-containing fuel supplied.
- a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the asphaltene-containing fuel is supplied before being fed to the deasphalting unit of a first separation stage, in which a first partial flow is separated with low-boiling fuel constituents of the fuel.
- the first substream contains essentially short-chain hydrocarbons, such as butanes (C4), pentanes (C5), hexanes (C6) and / or heptanes (C7).
- the separation of the first partial stream from the asphaltene-containing fuel is advantageously carried out by distillation.
- a prefilter column is preferably used as the first separation stage.
- the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is used to separate the first partial flow of the fuel.
- the first partial flow is separated by the heating of the asphaltene-containing fuel by means of the turbine exhaust gas.
- the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is preferably coupled via a heat exchanger in the first separation stage. The hot turbine exhaust gas flows through the heat exchanger and heats the fuel to be purified. The turbine exhaust gas thus delivers in this
- Process step directly the necessary heat for distillative separation of the first part stream and the asphaltene-containing fuel.
- the fuel is preferably fed to a second separation stage.
- the fuel supplied to the second separation stage is essentially a bottoms fraction with higher boiling point. alkanes and high-boiling components, such as the
- the fuel is heated prior to delivery to the second separation stage.
- temperatures of up to 450 ° C appropriate.
- the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is preferably also used, so the fuel is heated directly before the supply to the second separation stage by means of the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas. Accordingly, no external heating is necessary at this point. Instead, the heat transfer of the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas takes place on the asphaltene-containing fuel.
- one of the second separation stage upstream heat exchanger is used.
- a second substream is particularly preferably separated from the fuel.
- the separation of the second partial stream from the fuel is expediently likewise by distillation.
- a phase separator a so-called flash column, is preferably used as second separation stage.
- the second substream separated in the second separation stage contains essentially higher-chain alkanes and is depleted of vanadium.
- the fuel is additionally heated by the second partial stream separated from the fuel before it is fed to the second separating stage.
- the heat transfer from the second partial stream to the fuel in this case ideally also takes place via a heat exchanger.
- the partial stream separated in the second separation stage flows through the heat exchanger and in this case heats the asphaltene-containing fuel.
- the second partial stream is cooled during the heating of the fuel itself.
- the temperature of the partial flow is reduced to the maximum temperature of about 70 ° C prior to its supply to a gas turbine, thus creating the conditions for subsequent power generation.
- the cooled second partial flow is preferably fed to a gas turbine.
- the cooled second partial stream is fed to a vanadium-sensitive high-performance turbine and emitted there. Since the second partial stream no longer contains vanadium, this requires no additives and there are also no turbine damage to be feared.
- the second partial stream is used before the supply to the gas turbine for heating the current supplied to the solvent recovery unit stream of deasphaltiertem fuel and solvent.
- the second partial flow transfers part of its excess heat to this current.
- the heat transfer via a heat exchanger.
- This is an internal heat transfer in the form of a heat technology coupling of two process steps of the process.
- the sulfur present in the fuel is depleted by the pre-evaporation of the fuel, as well as by the subsequent deasphalting of the fuel.
- the concentration of the sulfuric acid formed during the combustion of the fuel from the sulfur also decreases, resulting in a lower sulfuric dew point. Due to the resulting lower tendency to condensation of sulfuric acid, the risk of corrosion is reduced.
- the gas turbine is preferably downstream of a steam turbine (combined cycle power plant).
- the fuel After separation of the second substream, the fuel is concentrated in asphaltenes and heavy metals.
- the fuel is now expediently fed to the deasphalting unit, in which asphaltenes contained in the fuel are separated off.
- the fuel Within the deasphalting unit - but before the actual deasphalting - the fuel is conveniently cooled to temperatures preferred for deasphalting in a temperature range between 60 ° C and 120 ° C.
- the cooling of the fuel to be deasphalted is preferably carried out by means of an available, cool stream of a power plant process which has a lower temperature than the Brennstoffström itself.
- the heat of the fuel is transferred to present in the power plant process streams of lower temperature the fuel itself is cooled.
- a heat dissipation over generally expensive cooling water is not necessary.
- the energy consumption during the purification of asphaltene-containing fuel is further reduced.
- the deasphalting itself is carried out by ultrafast mixing of the fuel and the solvent in a corresponding mixing element and by the subsequent precipitation of the asphaltenes or asphaltene particles.
- the asphaltene particles are preferably separated from the fuel by their particle size.
- the asphaltenes separated from the fuel are expediently withdrawn from the deasphalting unit and sent for further utilization.
- the deasphalted fuel is fed to the separation of the solvent of a gas turbine and flows in this. Although residues of vanadium and / or heavy metals are still possible in this deasphalted fuel. However, these proportions are sufficiently low, so that the fuel is preferably supplied to a vanadium-resistant standard turbine and can be energetically utilized by them.
- the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is first transferred to a heat exchanger circuit.
- the heat transfer into the process of fuel purification (or to the apparatus components used for this purpose) takes place starting from the heat exchanger circuit only after.
- the use of the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas in the presence of a heat transfer circuit is done indirectly.
- Such a process control is advantageous for safety reasons, since the hot turbine exhaust gas, that is to say the flue gas and the fuel stream to be heated, need not be conducted by the same apparatus. Basically, heat transfer from the heat exchanger cycle to all processes is possible in which a temperature control is required.
- a secondary circuit is preferably used for steam generation.
- the water vapor generated in such a secondary carrier circuit by the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas within the heat exchanger circuit is used in an advantageous embodiment of the invention for the solvent recovery in the solvent recovery unit.
- the waste heat of the gas turbine in this case heats a circulating in the heat exchanger circuit fluid, which in turn provides heat for the solvent - recovery available.
- the heat exchanger circuit is thus interposed between the gas turbine and the fuel purification.
- the steam produced is used for pre-evaporation of the fuel during the separation of the first partial flow and / or for pre-evaporation of the fuel for pre-evaporation of the oil during the separation of the second partial flow from the fuel.
- the waste heat of the gas turbine is transferred to a circulating in the heat exchanger circuit fluid, which transfers heat for the pretreatment of the asphaltene-containing fuel on this. Remaining residual energy generated from excess steam is conveniently converted into electricity with a steam turbine.
- the heat exchanger circuit is expediently designed as a steam stage.
- the presence of excess waste heat from a turbine exhaust allows the energy-optimized direct and / or indirect integration of the deasphalting of a fuel into a total power plant process.
- the direct use of the waste heat of a turbine exhaust gas is carried out in the context of the separation of the solvent from the deasphalted fuel, in the separation of the first part of the stream asphaltene fuel and / or in the heating of the fuel before it is fed to a second separation stage.
- waste heat is achieved by heat transfer of the waste heat of a turbine exhaust gas to a heat exchanger cycle.
- a combined use of direct transmission of the waste heat of a turbine exhaust gas and simultaneous indirect waste heat utilization is possible.
- the second object of the invention is achieved by a device for purifying a fuel containing asphaltene, comprising a deasphalting unit for separating asphaltenes contained in the fuel with formation of a substantially deasphalted fuel by means of a solvent, and a solvent recovery unit coupled to the deasphalting unit for separation of the solvent from the deasphalted fuel after the separation of the asphaltenes, wherein the waste heat of a turbine exhaust gas produced during a power generation of fuel in a gas turbine can be used for the purification of the asphaltene-containing fuel.
- Such a device allows the efficient and safe purification of an asphaltene-containing fuel by an energy-optimized integration of the deasphalting process and the solvent recovery in a total power plant process.
- the deasphalting unit is expediently connected to a supply line.
- asphaltenes contained in the fuel are separated from the fuel.
- a short-chain alkane-containing solvent (“anti-solvent") is used which is expediently used to dissolve soluble constituents contained in the asphaltene-containing fuel, such as, for example, aliphates, aromatics and paraffins
- the deasphalting unit is expediently connected to a discharge line, which is fluidically coupled to a supply line of the solvent recovery unit.
- the solvent recovery unit is particularly preferably thermally coupled to an exhaust gas line of a gas turbine. In this way, waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas to separate the solvent from the deasphalt being
- a heat exchanger is connected in the supply line of the solvent recovery unit, which is flowed through by the hot turbine exhaust gas. The heat is exerted on the flowing through the supply line of the solvent recovery unit mixture
- the heated mixture is then fed to the solvent recovery unit to separate the solvent from the deasphalted fuel.
- the solvent recovery unit is preferably formed as a distillation column.
- the solvent recovery unit comprises a return line, which is fluidically coupled to a supply line of the deasphalting unit.
- the solvent thus circulates in a circuit between the solvent recovery unit and the deasphalting unit.
- the deasphalting unit is particularly preferably a first separation stage for separating a first part stream with low-boiling fuel constituents - in particular short-chain hydrocarbons, such as butanes (C4), pentanes (C5), hexanes (C6) and / or heptanes (C7) upstream of the fuel in terms of flow.
- the first part of the stream is suitable as a solvent. It is preferably supplied to a solvent collection container.
- the first separation stage for this purpose a discharge line is connected, which is fluidically coupled to a supply line of a corresponding solvent collection container.
- the separation of the first partial flow takes place via a
- the first separation stage-preferably designed as a distillation unit- is thermally coupled to an exhaust gas line of a gas turbine for this purpose.
- the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is reduced to the first transfer stage.
- the first separation stage is expediently connected to a heat exchanger which heats the asphaltene-containing fuel flowing into the first separation stage.
- the first partial stream evaporates here and is withdrawn from the first separation stage.
- the first separation stage downstream of a second separation stage for the separation of a second partial stream of the fuel downstream is preferably coupled fluidically with a supply line of the second separation stage.
- the second separation stage is preferably designed as a phase separator.
- the second substream separated in the second separation stage contains essentially high-chain alkanes and is depleted of vanadium.
- the second separation stage comprises a supply line, which is thermally coupled to an exhaust pipe of a gas turbine.
- a heat exchanger is suitably connected in the supply, which is flowed through by the turbine exhaust gas.
- a first discharge line of the second separation stage is thermally coupled to the feed line of the second separation stage.
- a further heat exchanger is connected in the feed line of the second separation stage.
- the second partial stream separated from the asphaltene-containing fuel is taken off via the first discharge line of the second separation stage.
- This heated second partial flow when passing through the heat exchanger, releases excess heat to the fuel leaving the first separation stage and heats it. This is in addition to the heating by means of the turbine exhaust gas. Accordingly, this is also an internal heat transfer.
- first discharge line of the second separation stage is fed to a gas turbine.
- first discharge line of the second separation stage is expediently coupled fluidically with a gas turbine. Since the second partial stream no longer contains vanadium, it can be emitted in a vanadium-sensitive high-performance turbine.
- the first discharge line of the second separation stage is coupled to a supply line of a corresponding vanadium-sensitive high-performance turbine.
- a second discharge line of the second separation stage is fluidically coupled to a feed line of the deasphalting unit. In this way, the fuel to be deasphalted is fed to the deasphalting unit.
- the discharge line of the deasphalting unit is fluidly coupled to the supply line of the solvent recovery unit. It is also advantageous if the first discharge line of the second separation stage is thermally coupled to the feed line of the solvent recovery unit. Appropriately, this is another heat exchanger connected in the supply line of the solvent recovery unit. This heat exchanger is flowed through by the second partial stream separated from the asphaltene-containing fuel in the second separation stage.
- the second partial flow transfers part of its excess heat to the mixture of deasphalted fuel and solvent leaving the deasphalting unit.
- the heat exchanger thus provides additional heat for solvent recovery.
- This is an internal heat transfer between the respective device components, ie the separation stage and the solvent recovery unit.
- a discharge line of the solvent recovery unit is fluidically coupled to a gas turbine. After the removal of the solvent, the deasphalted fuel is fed via this coupling to a gas turbine and emitted therein.
- the device comprises a heat exchanger circuit, which is thermally coupled to an exhaust pipe of a gas turbine.
- the waste heat from the turbine exhaust gas is indirectly transferred via the heat exchanger circuit to the respective media or device components to be heated.
- the heat exchanger circuit is in this case preferably designed as a secondary circuit for steam generation.
- the heat exchanger circuit is preferably thermally coupled to the solvent recovery unit. It is also advantageous if the first separation stage and / or the second separation stage are thermally coupled to the heat exchanger cycle.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device for
- FIG. 5 shows a further schematic representation of an apparatus for purifying an asphaltene-containing fuel with pre-evaporation of the fuel.
- FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for the purification of an asphaltene-containing fuel 3 without pre-evaporation of the fuel 3 is shown schematically.
- the device 1 comprises a deasphalting unit 5, as well as a solvent treatment unit 7 fluidically coupled to the deasphalting unit 5.
- the fuel 3 is supplied to the deasphalting unit 5 via a feed line 9 connected thereto.
- the fuel has a temperature of about 70 ° C. when entering the deasphalting unit 5.
- the fuel 3 is purified by asphaltenes and heavy metals.
- a solvent 11 is used which essentially contains butanes (C4), pentanes (C5) and hexanes (C6).
- the solvent 11 is used in the deasphalting for the solution of soluble constituents contained in asphaltene-containing fuel 3.
- the asphaltenes contained in asphaltene-containing fuel 3 are insoluble in the solvent used 11, so that the solvent 11 is an "anti-solvent" with respect to the asphaltenes.
- the separated asphaltenes and heavy metals are fed via a deduction line 13 connected to the deasphalting unit 5 to a processing which is not specified in detail here, and subsequent recycling in devices designed in accordance therewith.
- the now deseamed fuel 15 is supplied together with the solvent 11 of the solvent recovery unit 7.
- the deasphalting unit 5 is a discharge line
- the solvent 11 is separated from the deasphalted fuel 15 and returned to the deasphalting process.
- the solvent recovery unit 7 is connected to a return line 21, which is fluidically connected to a supply line 23 of the deasphalting unit 5.
- the solvent 11 thus circulates in a circuit 25 between the solvent recovery unit 7 and the deasphalting unit 5.
- the separation of the solvent 11 in the solvent recovery unit 7 is effected thermally by evaporation of the solvent 11.
- the mixture of solvent 11 and the deasphalted fuel 15 on heated to about 200 ° C.
- the waste heat of a turbine exhaust gas is used.
- the solvent recovery unit 7 is thermally coupled to a gas turbine 27 for this purpose.
- the thermal coupling is characterized in the present case generally by the line 28.
- the gas turbine 27 provides enough "free" waste heat
- the deasphalted fuel 15 is supplied to the gas turbine 27 for the purpose of generating electricity and is emitted therein for energy production.
- a discharge line 29 of the solvent recovery unit 7 is fluidly connected to the gas turbine 27. Since the temperature of the deasphalted fuel 15 when entering the gas turbine should be at most 70 ° C, the fuel is previously cooled.
- FIG. 2 shows a further schematic illustration of a device 31 for the purification of a fuel containing asphaltene 3.
- the device 31 also comprises the deasphalting unit 5 and the solvent processing unit 7 fluidically coupled to the deasphalting unit 5.
- FIG. 2 shows, quite generally, a separating unit 35.
- the fuel 3 to be deasphalted is fed to the separating unit 35 via a feed line 36.
- the separation unit 35 which comprises a first separation stage and / or a second separation stage, one or more fractions of light and / or medium boilers are separated from the fuel 3 as needed.
- fuel 3 is enriched in asphaltenes and heavy metals. Only then is the enriched fuel 3 fed to the deasphalting unit 5.
- FIG. 3 shows, quite generally, a separating unit 35.
- the fuel 3 to be deasphalted is fed to the separating unit 35 via a feed line 36.
- the separation unit 35 which comprises a first separation stage and / or a second separation stage, one or more fractions of light and / or medium boilers are separated from the fuel 3 as needed.
- fuel 3 is enriched in asphaltenes and heavy metals. Only then is the enriched fuel 3 fed to the deasphalting unit 5.
- the fuel 3 within the deasphalting unit 5 is removed by means of the solvent 11 purified from asphaltenes and heavy metals.
- the separated asphaltenes and heavy metals are fed via the discharge line 13 to a workup and subsequent recovery.
- the after-separation deasphalted fuel 15 is supplied together with the solvent 11 to the solvent recovery unit 7, in which the solvent 11 is separated from the deasphalted fuel 15 and returned to the deasphalting process.
- the separation of the solvent 11 in the solvent recovery unit 7 is effected thermally by evaporation of the solvent 11 by means of the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 27, as already described.
- the separated solvent is returned to the deasphalting unit 5 via the return line 21 of the solvent recovery unit 7.
- the deasphalted fuel 15 is supplied via the discharge line 29 of the solvent recovery unit 7 for generating power to the gas turbine 27.
- the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 27 for separating the or each fractions of light and / or medium boilers from the asphaltene-containing fuel 3 within the separation unit 35 - ie within the process of pre-evaporation of asphalten inconveniencen fuel - used.
- the separation unit 35 is thermally coupled to the gas turbine 27.
- the thermal coupling is generally characterized by the line 37 in the present case.
- the heat existing in the process is internally transferred between the separation unit 35 and the solvent recovery unit 7. This is indicated by the line 39. A detailed representation and the corresponding description for this are to be taken from FIG. 3 described below.
- FIG. 3 shows the device 31 according to FIG. 2 in a detailed representation.
- the device comprises the Deasphalting unit 5, the solvent recovery unit 7 fluidly coupled to the deasphalting unit 5, as well as the separation unit 35 upstream of the deasphalting unit 5.
- a first separation stage 41 designed as a distillation unit (as part of a separation unit 35).
- a first substream with 43 low-boiling fuel constituents is separated from the asphaltene-containing fuel 3.
- the first substream 43 contains essentially short chain hydrocarbons, such as butanes (C4), pentanes (C5), hexanes
- the first partial flow 43 of the first separation stage 41 is removed via a discharge line 45 and fed to a solvent collecting tank 47.
- the withdrawal line 45 is fluidically coupled to a supply line 49 of the corresponding solvent collection container 47.
- the first separation stage 41 a heat exchanger 51 is connected, which is thermally coupled to an exhaust pipe 52 of the gas turbine 27. Via the heat exchanger 51, the asphaltene-containing fuel 3 flowing in the first separation stage 41 is heated.
- the first partial flow 43 evaporates.
- the first separation stage 41 is a second, designed as a phase separator separation stage 53 downstream of flow.
- a discharge line 55 of the first separation stage 41 is fluidically coupled to a feed line 57 of the second separation stage 53.
- the separation of the second partial flow 59 from the fuel 3 also takes place via the utilization of the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine.
- the fuel 3 is heated to temperatures of up to 450 ° C before being fed to the second separation stage 53.
- supply line 57 of the second separation stage is thermally coupled to an exhaust line 61 of the gas turbine.
- a heat exchanger 63 is connected, which is flowed through by the turbine exhaust gas. In this case, the fuel 3 leaving the first separation stage 41 is heated before it enters the second separation stage 41.
- a first discharge line 65 of the second separation stage 53 is thermally coupled to the supply line 57 of the second separation stage 53. This takes place via a further heat exchanger 67 which is connected to the supply line 57 of the second separating stage 53.
- the second partial stream 59 separated from the fuel 3 in the second separating stage 53 passes through the heat exchanger 67 and gives excess heat to the first when the heat exchanger 67 passes Abtrtre 41 leaving fuel 3 from.
- the fuel 3 leaving the first separation stage 41 is heated, in addition to being heated by the turbine exhaust gas, by the second partial flow 59 separated from the fuel 3.
- the second partial flow 59 is itself brought to the lower temperatures of maximum 70 ° C. required for the generation of electricity in the turbine 69. Since the second partial flow 59 no longer contains vanadium, the separated second partial flow 59 is fed to a high-performance turbine 69.
- the first discharge line 65 of the second separation stage 53 is fluidically connected to a supply line 71 of the corresponding vanadium-sensitive high-performance turbine 69 coupled.
- the second separation stage 53 is further connected to a second discharge line 73, which is fluidically coupled to the supply line 9 of the deasphalting unit 5.
- a second discharge line 73 which is fluidically coupled to the supply line 9 of the deasphalting unit 5.
- the deasphalting itself is carried out by ultrafast mixing of the fuel 3 and the solvent 11 in a corresponding mixing element and by the subsequent precipitation of the asphaltenes or asphaltene particles.
- the asphaltene particles are preferably separated from the fuel by their particle size.
- the asphaltenes separated from the fuel 3 are withdrawn via a discharge line 13 from the deasphalting unit 5 and fed to a further, unspecified utilization.
- the deasphalted fuel 15, together with the solvent is fed to the solvent recovery unit 7 via the fluidic coupling of the discharge line 17 of the deasphalting unit 5 to the supply line 19.
- the solvent recovery unit 7 is formed with a distillation column 75. In the distillation column 75, the solvent 11 is separated from the deasphalted fuel 15 and returned via the return line 21 in the
- the separation of the solvent 11 also takes place via the coupling of the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 27.
- a heat exchanger 77 is connected in the supply line 19 of the solvent recovery unit 7, the thermally coupled with an exhaust pipe 79 of the gas turbine 27. is pelt. Through the heat exchanger 77, the mixture of deasphalted fuel 15 and solvent 11 is heated to about 200 ° C before entering the distillation column 75.
- the deasphalted fuel 15 is supplied after the separation of the solvent 11 in the distillation column 75 for the gas turbine 27 to the gasification and for energy in this exudes.
- the discharge line 29 of the solvent recovery unit 7 is fluidically coupled to the gas turbine 27.
- FIG. 4 shows a further schematic illustration of a device 91 for purifying a fuel 3 containing asphaltene.
- the device 91 comprises the deasphalting unit 5 and the solvent-processing unit 7 fluidically coupled thereto.
- the fuel 3 is delivered to the deasphalting unit 5 via the Feed line 9 fed and cleaned there of asphaltenes and heavy metals.
- the device 91 comprises a heat exchanger circuit 93.
- the heat exchanger circuit 93 is thermally coupled with an exhaust pipe 95 of the gas turbine 27 and thus constitutes a secondary carrier circuit. The waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is thus indirectly to each heating media or device components under the
- the heat exchanger circuit 93 is present with a
- Steam stage 97 formed a steam circuit.
- the water vapor generated in such a circuit 93 by the waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas in the steam stage 97 is used for the solvent recovery within the solvent recovery unit.
- the separation of the solvent 11 in the solvent recovery unit 7 takes place thermally here as well Evaporation of the solvent 11.
- the required heat is provided only indirectly by the waste heat of a turbine exhaust gas.
- the heat transferring circuit 93 is connected between the gas turbine 27 and the solvent recovery unit 7.
- thermo-technical coupling is characterized in the present case generally by the line 99.
- FIG. 5 shows a further schematic illustration of a device 111 for the purification of a fuel 3 containing asphaltene. Like all of the above-described devices 1, 31, 91, the device 111 also includes the deasphalting unit 5 and the solvent processing unit 7 coupled with it in terms of flow.
- the essential difference from the device 91 according to FIG. 4 lies in the fact that the fuel 3 to be deasphalted is first pre-evaporated before it is fed to the actual deasphalting.
- the pre-evaporation takes place as such this analogous to the pre-evaporation, as described for FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the device 111 comprises the separation unit 35, in which one or more fractions of light and / or medium boilers are separated from the fuel 3 as required. Then, the fuel 3 enriched in asphaltenes and heavy metals is supplied to the deasphalting unit 5 and purified by the solvent 11 of asphaltenes and heavy metals.
- the deasphalted fuel is supplied to the deasphalting unit 5 and purified by the solvent 11 of asphaltenes and heavy metals.
- the pre-evaporation and the solvent recovery are carried out here by the indirect use of the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 27.
- the device 111 is for this purpose also formed with the heat transfer circuit 93 comprising the steam stage 97, which is thermally coupled to the exhaust gas line 95 of the gas turbine 27 , The waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas is then transferred via the heat exchanger circuit 95 to both the separation unit 35, and to the solvent recovery unit 7.
- thermo-technical coupling of the solvent recovery unit 7 with the steam stage 97 is indicated by the line 99.
- the thermal engineering coupling of the separation unit 35 with the heat exchanger circuit 93 or with the steam stage 97 is generally characterized by the line 113 in the present case.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016206900 | 2016-04-22 | ||
PCT/EP2017/054920 WO2017182187A1 (de) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-03-02 | Verfahren zur aufreinigung eines asphaltenhaltigen brennstoffes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3408356A1 true EP3408356A1 (de) | 2018-12-05 |
Family
ID=58228121
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17708749.1A Withdrawn EP3408356A1 (de) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-03-02 | Verfahren zur aufreinigung eines asphaltenhaltigen brennstoffes |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10858598B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3408356A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2019518817A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20180135477A (de) |
CN (1) | CN109072092A (de) |
CA (1) | CA3021709C (de) |
MX (1) | MX2018012614A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017182187A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11680521B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2023-06-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated production of hydrogen, petrochemicals, and power |
US11193072B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2021-12-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Processing facility to form hydrogen and petrochemicals |
US11572517B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2023-02-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Processing facility to produce hydrogen and petrochemicals |
KR20210121723A (ko) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-08 | 현대오일뱅크 주식회사 | 초임계 추출을 이용한 중질유의 탈황 방법 |
US11492255B2 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2022-11-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Steam methane reforming with steam regeneration |
US11583824B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2023-02-21 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrogen production with membrane reformer |
US11492254B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2022-11-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrogen production with membrane reformer |
US11999619B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2024-06-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrogen production with membrane reactor |
US11718575B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-08-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methanol production via dry reforming and methanol synthesis in a vessel |
US11578016B1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Olefin production via dry reforming and olefin synthesis in a vessel |
US11787759B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-10-17 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Dimethyl ether production via dry reforming and dimethyl ether synthesis in a vessel |
US12258272B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2025-03-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Dry reforming of methane using a nickel-based bi-metallic catalyst |
US11617981B1 (en) | 2022-01-03 | 2023-04-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for capturing CO2 with assisted vapor compression |
Family Cites Families (16)
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US3278414A (en) | 1962-09-27 | 1966-10-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for refining lubricating oil fractions |
ES2140989B1 (es) | 1995-08-02 | 2000-08-16 | Sener Ing & Sist | Procedimiento para generar energia electrica a partir de aceites usados y otros residuos de origen petrolifero. |
US5914010A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-06-22 | Ormat Industries Ltd. | Apparatus for solvent-deasphalting residual oil containing asphaltenes |
US5911875A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-06-15 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Method and system for generating power from residual fuel oil |
US5976361A (en) * | 1997-08-13 | 1999-11-02 | Ormat Industries Ltd. | Method of and means for upgrading hydrocarbons containing metals and asphaltenes |
CN1142259C (zh) * | 2000-09-25 | 2004-03-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 浅度溶剂脱沥青与延迟焦化的组合方法 |
JP4271585B2 (ja) | 2002-03-15 | 2009-06-03 | 日揮株式会社 | 石油の精製方法および精製装置 |
JP2007508745A (ja) | 2003-10-10 | 2007-04-05 | ルーリング オプティクス エルエルシー | 回転可能なミラーを備える高速スキャナおよび画像処理システム |
JP2006067100A (ja) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Sharp Corp | 撮像装置、周囲光色バランス補正システム、およびそれらに用いられる発光素子 |
US20110094937A1 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-04-28 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Residuum Oil Supercritical Extraction Process |
JP2012103176A (ja) | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-31 | Techno System Kk | 検査装置 |
JP5745951B2 (ja) | 2011-06-27 | 2015-07-08 | 京セラ株式会社 | 撮影機器 |
RU2634721C2 (ru) * | 2012-03-19 | 2017-11-03 | ФОСТЕР ВИЛЕР ЮЭсЭй КОРПОРЕЙШН | Объединение в один процесс стадий деасфальтизации и гидрообработки смолы и замедленного коксования |
WO2014152329A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc. | Tube tray vision system |
US9663732B2 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2017-05-30 | Uop Llc | Process for controlling operations of a residue process unit |
WO2016192895A1 (de) | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abtrennung von asphaltenen aus einem asphaltenhaltigen brennstoff |
-
2017
- 2017-03-02 KR KR1020187033412A patent/KR20180135477A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 2017-03-02 EP EP17708749.1A patent/EP3408356A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-03-02 MX MX2018012614A patent/MX2018012614A/es unknown
- 2017-03-02 WO PCT/EP2017/054920 patent/WO2017182187A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-03-02 US US16/089,617 patent/US10858598B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-03-02 CN CN201780025020.6A patent/CN109072092A/zh active Pending
- 2017-03-02 CA CA3021709A patent/CA3021709C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-03-02 JP JP2018555203A patent/JP2019518817A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3021709A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
KR20180135477A (ko) | 2018-12-20 |
MX2018012614A (es) | 2019-07-04 |
US10858598B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
CN109072092A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
WO2017182187A1 (de) | 2017-10-26 |
CA3021709C (en) | 2021-01-19 |
US20190112535A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
JP2019518817A (ja) | 2019-07-04 |
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