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EP3351705B1 - A swimming pool provided with a stand and a method for building same - Google Patents

A swimming pool provided with a stand and a method for building same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3351705B1
EP3351705B1 EP18151956.2A EP18151956A EP3351705B1 EP 3351705 B1 EP3351705 B1 EP 3351705B1 EP 18151956 A EP18151956 A EP 18151956A EP 3351705 B1 EP3351705 B1 EP 3351705B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foot
wall
building method
blades
upright
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18151956.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3351705A1 (en
Inventor
Jocelyn Bourgeois
Corentin LECHAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procopi SA
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Procopi SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3351705A1 publication Critical patent/EP3351705A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3351705B1 publication Critical patent/EP3351705B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0018—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools
    • E04H4/0062—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools characterised by stacked planks or staves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0018—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools
    • E04H4/0043—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools mainly made of panels
    • E04H4/005—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools mainly made of panels characterised by the framework for supporting the panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0018—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools
    • E04H2004/0068—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools made of plastic shells or plastic elements including at least parts of walls and floors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of constructing a swimming pool which may be above ground, semi-buried or buried, as well as a swimming pool.
  • One field of application of the invention relates to swimming pools or pleasure basins, in particular for swimming.
  • pools are in particular intended to be mounted by a non-professional user from a kit of parts purchased, in an area located outdoors, such as for example a garden or other, or indoors.
  • swimming pools of this kind are known for example from documents FR-A-2 892 138 , EP-A-2 415 952 and FR-A-2 843 769 .
  • the document US-A-3,877,085 relates to a modular swimming pool mounted on the ground, comprising vertical external and internal posts fixed to horizontal radial base element ending in flat sections with T-shaped end on which are fixed elements having upward-facing openings serving receive the exterior wall of the pool.
  • the document DE-A-3441 344 relates to a basin having a lower frame in the form of a U-shaped profile turned upwards, on which are disposed vertical walls. Vertical struts are attached to the lower frame and to a horizontal lower support disposed under the lower frame. The lower frame is poured into a concrete slab.
  • the document DE-A- 3437 327 relates to a basin installed in the ground, comprising vertical struts between which are fixed lower horizontal crossbars of reinforcement integrated into the ground, a basin wall being fixed to the struts.
  • the document US-B-8 028 476 relates to a system for adjusting the vertical level of the walls of a swimming pool, this system being embedded in concrete used to surround the walls of the swimming pool.
  • the type of swimming pool concerned is that comprising struts to which vertical walls are fixed to form an exterior contour of the swimming pool.
  • the positioning of the struts is therefore essential for the construction of the pool.
  • This positioning must be done with great care and can be difficult to perform in a precise and fast manner.
  • Another drawback of these known swimming pools is also the long time required between controlling the swimming pool and putting it into service in the finished state of construction.
  • the invention aims to obtain a method according to claim 1 for construction and a swimming pool according to claim 25 constructed according to it, which overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art and which allows easier and faster assembly of the swimming pool.
  • a first object of the invention is a method of constructing a swimming pool, which may be above-ground, semi-buried or buried, according to claim 1.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to install the strut directly on the ground before pouring the concrete slab or trench, while ensuring that the wall strips to be arranged on the bearing surface are located above the concrete slab.
  • the invention makes it possible to draw up several struts on the ground and to arrange the wall blades on the bearing surfaces of the struts and thus achieving positioning at the right dimensions and at the right locations for the struts on the ground, and being able to adjust this positioning directly on the ground at will, which is easy and quick, and to not pour the concrete slab or the concrete trench only after the positioning of the struts on the ground and the blades on the struts is carried out.
  • the concrete slab or concrete trench makes it possible to seal the foot (s) in it, up to the level of the bearing surfaces of the wall slats or below.
  • the invention thus ensures both precise positioning of the components of the pool and a solid anchoring of the struts on the ground and saves time compared to an assembly where the struts would be trapped in the pouring of the concrete slab before mounting the structure according to the state of the art.
  • the invention allows the user to assemble his structure before pouring the concrete slab or the concrete trench, leaving him a large adjustment margin.
  • Claims 2 to 24 relate to embodiments of the construction method.
  • a second object of the invention is a swimming pool, which may be above-ground, semi-buried or buried, according to claim 25.
  • a strut 1 according to the invention comprises an upper vertical upright 2 and a lower foot 3 in contact with the ground.
  • the lower leg 3 is fixed to the upright 2.
  • the foot 3 and the upright 2 can be for example in one piece, for example by having a common metal frame surrounded by parts made of synthetic material.
  • the foot 3 is attached under the upright 2.
  • the lower leg 3 is cantilevered with respect to the upright 2.
  • the lower leg 3 protrudes forward with respect to the upright 2 and is intended to be located towards the inner side Cint of the swimming pool with respect to the upright 2
  • the leg 3 extends from a rear side 32 located under the upright 2 to a front side 33 located in overhang in front of the upright 2.
  • the front side 33 is intended to be located towards the inner side Cint of the swimming pool, while the rear side 32 is intended to be towards the exterior side Cext of the swimming pool.
  • the strut 1 has at least one support 4 for the blades L of the wall or the walls P to be placed on it.
  • the support 4 has a support surface 41, turned upwards to allow the wall blades L stacked vertically to be pressed against them to form the wall P or a wall P in one piece.
  • This support 4 is fixed to the foot 3 and / or to the upright 2.
  • the wall blades L or the walls P can be made of wood (planks or the like) or of synthetic material.
  • the lowest wall blades L, directly supported on the supports 4 can be made of a rot-proof synthetic material, and not of wood.
  • a device for fixing the swimming pool basin which must contain bathing water.
  • This basin is for example constituted by a flexible envelope (in English liner ) whose peripheral edge is fixed in the fixing device on the walls P, for example by the fact that the edge of this flexible envelope comprises a bead which is fixed in a hooking device formed of horizontal profiles fixed on the upper part of the walls P.
  • the swimming pool comprising the feet 1 and the walls P may for example be an above-ground swimming pool, a semi-inground swimming pool or an inground swimming pool.
  • the pool is modular.
  • the upward vertical direction is a first direction Z
  • the direction going from the rear side 32 towards the front side 33 of the foot 3 towards the interior of the pool is a second horizontal direction Y and the third direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z linked to the second direction Y and the third horizontal direction X longitudinal.
  • the wall blades L comprise for example at their lower part one or more grooves and / or one or more ribs extending in the direction of their length in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the bearing surface 4 comprises one or more rib (s) 401 used for guiding and receiving one or more groove (s) from one of the blades L and / or one or more groove (s) 402 used for guiding and receiving one or more rib (s) of one of the blades L.
  • the rib (s) 401 and / or the groove (s) 402 of the surface 4 support are for example horizontal and extend for example in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the lower leg 3 is intended to be integrated into a concrete slab DB or a concrete trench TB to be poured on the ground.
  • the bearing surface 41 is located at a greater height than the foot 3.
  • the lower leg 3 is intended to be taken in the concrete slab DB or trench TB of concrete to be poured on the ground over a determined height HB of the foot 3.
  • the support surface 41 is located at the height determined HB of foot 3 or above the determined height HB of foot 3.
  • the wall blades L are positioned at a greater height than the foot 3.
  • the foot 3 is connected to one or more elements 5 for anchoring in the ground, located under the foot 3.
  • This element 5 for anchoring is for example connected to the front side 33 of the foot 3, intended to be towards the inside the pool.
  • the foot 3 can be connected to at least one support member 6 against the ground, located under the foot 3.
  • This support member 6 comprises for example at least one horizontal plate 60, for example in the form of a disc. , to be pressed against the upper horizontal surface of the ground.
  • the anchoring element 5 and / or the support member 6 is connected to the foot 3 by means of at least one member 7 of link adjustable in height with respect to the foot 3.
  • the foot 3 may include one or more lower plates 73 in which the adjustable link member or members 7 are mounted.
  • the adjustable connecting member 7 adjustable in height and spaced horizontally from each other, and for example at the figure 1 at least three height-adjustable connecting members 7 are arranged in a triangle with respect to each other, in particular one member 7 near the front side 33 and two members 7 near the rear side 32 on either side of the upright 2.
  • the connecting member (s) 7 may comprise a vertical screw 70 screwed into a through thread 71 of the leg 3 or of the plate 73, this screw 70 comprising at its upper end a head 72 making it possible to rotate the screw using a removable tool, such as for example a pipe wrench.
  • the anchoring element 5 comprises a stake 51 ending in a point 50 capable of being pitted into the ground.
  • the anchoring member 5 comprises a vertical tube 52 for guiding the stake 51.
  • the guide tube 52 is connected to the foot 3.
  • the stake 51 is capable of being inserted vertically into the tube 52 by the high so that its point 50 protrudes under the tube 52 in order to be poked into the ground, the post 51 being of greater vertical length than the tube 52.
  • the member (s) 5 d anchoring and / or the stake (s) 51 could be integral with the foot 3, under the latter.
  • the connecting member 7 adjustable in height is formed by the vertical tube 52, which can carry the thread of the screw 70 on its outer surface.
  • the foot 3 has a horizontal upper edge 31, located below the level of the support surface 41.
  • the horizontal upper edge 31 is used for positioning a horizontal trellis 13 in the concrete slab DB.
  • the support (s) 4 are at a great height than the upper edge 31 of the foot 3 on each leg 1 of force.
  • the difference in height between the support surface 41 of the support 4 and the upper edge 31 is for example between 1 and 10 cm, and may in particular be 3 cm.
  • the height HB is for example that delimited between the lower members 6 for bearing against the ground and the bearing surface 41 for the blades L.
  • the height HB can be for example between 5 and 30 cm, in particular between 10 and 20 cm and can in particular be 15 cm.
  • the foot 3 comprises a housing 8 used to receive at least one LC formwork blade of the concrete slab DB.
  • This housing 8 is located behind the rear side 32 of the foot 3.
  • This housing 8 is for example formed by a rebate 80 fixed by a rear tab 81 to the rear side 32 of the foot 3.
  • This rebate 80 and this housing 8 are vertical.
  • the vertical rebate 45 for separation is used to separate the first blades La with respect to the second blades Lb.
  • the support surface 41, 41a, 41b and the rabbet 45 for separation are for example located on the inside of the upright 2, to be turned towards the inside Cint of the pool.
  • the support 4, 4a, 4b is for example formed by a beak 46 turned upwards and resting on an intermediate part 23 connecting the upright 2 to the foot 3.
  • the upright 2 has a vertical wall 21, on which there is at least one relief or thinning 22 for locating the position of at least one hole to be drilled to fix the blades L to the upright 2.
  • the wall 21 is for example a vertical inner wall adjoining the support (s) 4.
  • the upright 2 has a vertical wall 21 in which is formed at least one hole 23 allowing the introduction of a member for fixing at least one of the blades L to the upright 2, the blade L can also include a hole T allowing the fixing member to pass through, as shown in the figure 17 .
  • the foot 3 has a second housing or second reservation 9 used to receive a horizontal indication tool, for example a spirit level, to facilitate the adjustment of its positioning on the ground.
  • a horizontal indication tool for example a spirit level
  • the second housing 9 is located on the lower base 91 of the foot 3.
  • the housing 9 is located on an upper surface 92 of the foot 3.
  • one of the struts comprises a fixing member 11, used to fix a device for checking horizontality (such as, for example, a laser transmitter or a cord or the like).
  • a device for checking horizontality such as, for example, a laser transmitter or a cord or the like.
  • Another of the struts 1 may include, as shown in the figure 2 , a target organ 11b for the laser or for the cord.
  • strut 1 It can be provided as a strut 1, one or more corner struts la and / or one or more lateral struts 1b.
  • Each strut the corner has supports 4a and 4b directed in two horizontal directions Xa and Xb making an angle between them not zero, for example at right angles, as shown by way of example figures 6 and 10 , to have above the blades La and Lb respectively directed in these directions Xb and Xa, that is to say with a non-zero angle between these blades La and Lb.
  • Each lateral strut 1b comprises supports 4a and 4b directed along, respectively, horizontal directions Xa and Xb parallel and / or in the extension of one another, so that the blades La and Lb disposed respectively above are directed in the same direction Xa, Xb, in line with one another and / or with a zero angle between them, as shown by way of example in figures 1 and 9 .
  • the method of building a swimming pool using several struts 1 comprises the following steps.
  • struts 1 are trained in prescribed positions on the ground.
  • wall blades L are positioned between the struts 1, by placing them on the bearing surfaces 41, as shown in FIGS. figures 7 to 10 .
  • a concrete slab DB or a concrete trench TB is poured onto the ground to drown the feet 3 of the struts 1.
  • the concrete slab DB or concrete trench TB goes up to a level less than or equal to the bottom of the lowest wall slats L, as shown in the figure 12 .
  • the concrete of the DB concrete slab or TB concrete trench is for example self-leveling.
  • the blades L are fixed to the uprights 2 of the struts 1 for example, by fixing them there by screws or other fixing members through holes (which the user drills through the uprights 2 at the location of the aforementioned reliefs or thinnings 22 or in the holes 23 already present).
  • the LC formwork blades are inserted into the housings 8 provided at the rear of the legs 3.
  • the LC formwork blades delimiting between them a space delimiting the concrete slab DB to be poured during the third stage or the TB concrete trench to be poured during the third stage, the feet 3 of the legs 1 of upright force being in this delimitation space.
  • the LC formwork blades are adjusted so that the bearing surface 41 of the blades L or walls P is located at a level less than or equal to an upper end of these LC blades.
  • the position (s) 7 of height-adjustable connection is adjusted by the position of the foot 3 relative to the ground and in particular the distance between the body (s) 6 bearing against the ground and the foot 3.
  • This adjustment is, for example, made to provide a non-zero prescribed distance between the support member (s) 6 and the foot 3, for example a distance between 1 and 10 cm, in particular approximately 5 cm.
  • the adjustment of the height connecting member (s) 7 also makes it possible to adjust the verticality of the upright 2 relative to the ground in the two intersecting vertical planes YZ and XZ, that is to say the inclination of the upright 2 with respect to the vertical axis Z.
  • the distance between the legs 1 of force can be adjusted using a blade L positioned on the supports 4 of the legs 1, as shown in the figure 7 , so that the longitudinal ends L1 and L2 of the blade L are well supported on the supports 4 and against the separating rebates 45.
  • a tool Out for example a pipe wrench, or the like, makes it possible to rotate the screws 70 in the feet 3 to modify the angular positioning of each leg 1. Once the correct positioning has been carried out, the user inserts a stake 51 in the tube 72 and stings it into the ground to immobilize the leg 1, as shown in the figure 8 .
  • the user positions the figures 7 and 8 successively for several struts erected according to a perimeter contour on the ground, for example rectangular, square or other, as shown in the figure 9 .
  • the user then stacks blades L on top of each other between the legs 1, for example up to the upper end of the legs 1 at the figure 10 . However, it is not necessary to stack the blades L up to the upper end of the legs 1 to go to the next step.
  • a trellis 13 is positioned on the upper edge 31 of the feet 3.
  • This trellis 13 is for example formed by a welded trellis, a mesh, for example metallic with meshes perpendicular to each other.
  • LC formwork blades are also inserted into the housings 8, these LC blades serving to delimit the concrete DB slab and being arranged vertically, as shown in the figure 11 .
  • the bearing surface 41 is located above the level of the trellis 13 or the chainage 170. The bearing surface 41 is located at the same or slightly below the level of the upper end of the LC formwork blades.
  • the concrete slab DB is poured onto the ground in the space delimited by the formwork slats LC up to or below the level of the supports 4 so that the concrete slab DB is under the wall slats L or at the lower edge of the lower wall blades L.
  • the foot 3 is then integrated into the concrete of the slab DB, including its upper edge 31 and including the lattice 13.
  • the use of a self-leveling and fluid concrete makes it easier to set up of the slab in hard to reach areas, namely under the walls and in the excavations of the struts. It also makes it possible to obtain a smooth surface, as its name suggests, without having to resort to manual smoothing which is often tedious.
  • This intermediate support 14 is put in place on the upper ends of the legs 1.
  • This intermediate support 14 is for example formed of horizontal joists 21 forming a double peripheral belt bearing on the legs 1.
  • a coping 15 is fixed on the intermediate support 14, this coping 15 forming the free upper edge of the swimming pool, peripheral thereto.
  • cladding pieces 60 are affixed against the uprights 2 by being fixed thereto or against the walls P, in order to hide these uprights 2, in the case of an above-ground or semi-buried swimming pool.
  • the base 3 has one or more through lateral holes 16, directed in the direction X.
  • the holes 16 allow passage through the concrete of the slab DB, to improve the sealing of the foot 3 therein.
  • these holes 16 make it possible to pass a connecting member (for example ligature or other) from the foot 3 to a chaining 170 making it possible to connect the struts 1 of force in the concrete trench TB.
  • the concrete TB trench connects several feet 3 of several legs 1 to each other, for example legs 1 located on different sides of the pool, such as those making a non-zero angle between them or located one opposite the other, as shown for example in the figure 20 .
  • the chaining 170 can be connected by any other means to the foot 3 or simply be placed in the trench TB before it is filled with concrete.
  • the chaining 170 is formed of metal rods delimiting for example a parallelepipedic contour, for example of square vertical section.
  • the TB trenches make it possible to avoid the creation of a complete DB slab, and are more easily achievable by an individual wishing to excavate himself and / or having a concrete mixer. It will then have less concrete to pour, and a smaller surface to smooth. He will however have to deposit a layer of a more flexible material such as sand to obtain an identical surface under the entirety of his basin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de construction d'une piscine pouvant être hors-sol, semi-enterrée ou enterrée, ainsi qu'une piscine.The invention relates to a method of constructing a swimming pool which may be above ground, semi-buried or buried, as well as a swimming pool.

Un domaine d'application de l'invention concerne les piscines ou bassins d'agrément, notamment pour la baignade.One field of application of the invention relates to swimming pools or pleasure basins, in particular for swimming.

Ces piscines sont notamment destinées à être montées par un utilisateur non professionnel à partir d'un kit de pièces acheté, dans une zone située en plein air, tel que par exemple un jardin ou autre, ou bien en intérieur.These pools are in particular intended to be mounted by a non-professional user from a kit of parts purchased, in an area located outdoors, such as for example a garden or other, or indoors.

Les piscines de ce genre sont connues par exemple par les documents FR-A-2 892 138 , EP-A-2 415 952 et FR-A-2 843 769 .Swimming pools of this kind are known for example from documents FR-A-2 892 138 , EP-A-2 415 952 and FR-A-2 843 769 .

Le document US-A-3 877 085 concerne une piscine modulaire montée sur le sol, comportant des poteaux verticaux extérieurs et intérieurs fixés à élément de base radiaux horizontaux se terminant par des sections plates à extrémité en forme de T sur lesquelles sont fixés des éléments ayant des ouvertures tournées vers le haut servant à recevoir la paroi extérieure de la piscine.The document US-A-3,877,085 relates to a modular swimming pool mounted on the ground, comprising vertical external and internal posts fixed to horizontal radial base element ending in flat sections with T-shaped end on which are fixed elements having upward-facing openings serving receive the exterior wall of the pool.

Le document DE-A-3441 344 concerne un bassin ayant un cadre inférieur en forme de profilé en U tourné vers le haut, sur lequel sont disposées des parois verticales. Des jambes de force verticales sont fixées au cadre inférieur et à un support inférieur horizontal disposé sous la cadre inférieur. Le cadre inférieur est coulé dans une dalle de béton.The document DE-A-3441 344 relates to a basin having a lower frame in the form of a U-shaped profile turned upwards, on which are disposed vertical walls. Vertical struts are attached to the lower frame and to a horizontal lower support disposed under the lower frame. The lower frame is poured into a concrete slab.

Le document DE-A- 3437 327 concerne un bassin installé dans le sol, comportant des jambes de force verticales entre lesquelles sont fixées des traverses horizontales inférieures de renfort intégrées dans le sol, une paroi de bassin étant fixée aux jambes de force.The document DE-A- 3437 327 relates to a basin installed in the ground, comprising vertical struts between which are fixed lower horizontal crossbars of reinforcement integrated into the ground, a basin wall being fixed to the struts.

Le document US-B-8 028 476 concerne un système pour régler le niveau vertical des parois d'une piscine, ce système étant encastré dans du béton utilisé pour entourer les parois de la piscine.The document US-B-8 028 476 relates to a system for adjusting the vertical level of the walls of a swimming pool, this system being embedded in concrete used to surround the walls of the swimming pool.

Le type de piscine concerné est celui comportant des jambes de force auxquelles sont fixées des parois verticales pour former un contour extérieur de la piscine.The type of swimming pool concerned is that comprising struts to which vertical walls are fixed to form an exterior contour of the swimming pool.

Un procédé connu de construction des piscines hors sol, semi-enterrées ou enterrées prévoit les étapes suivantes :

  1. 1) Positionnement des jambes de force dans l'excavation et contrôle des entraxes,
  2. 2) Positionnement du treillis et coulage de la dalle de béton (les jambes de forces sont alors prises dans la dalle),
  3. 3) Séchage de la dalle (environ 3 semaines),
  4. 4) Montage des parois, celles-ci reposant sur la dalle de béton fraîchement séchée.
A known method for constructing above-ground, semi-buried or buried pools provides for the following steps:
  1. 1) Positioning of the struts in the excavation and control of the centers,
  2. 2) Positioning the trellis and pouring the concrete slab (the struts are then taken in the slab),
  3. 3) Drying of the slab (around 3 weeks),
  4. 4) Assembly of the walls, these resting on the freshly dried concrete slab.

L'une des difficultés de ces piscines est que le positionnement des jambes de force doit être parfait, ou sinon la structure du bassin comportera des défauts d'alignement ou d'aplomb dans le meilleur des cas. Dans le pire des cas, l'utilisateur ne pourra pas monter sa structure en présence de trop nombreux défauts.One of the difficulties of these pools is that the positioning of the struts must be perfect, or else the structure of the pool will have alignment or plumb defects in the best of cases. In the worst case, the user will not be able to assemble his structure in the presence of too many faults.

Le positionnement des jambes de force est donc primordial pour la construction de la piscine.The positioning of the struts is therefore essential for the construction of the pool.

Ce positionnement doit être fait avec le plus grand soin et peut être difficile à effectuer d'une manière précise et rapide.This positioning must be done with great care and can be difficult to perform in a precise and fast manner.

Un autre inconvénient de ces piscines connues est également la grande durée nécessaire entre la commande de la piscine et sa mise en service à l'état fini de construction.Another drawback of these known swimming pools is also the long time required between controlling the swimming pool and putting it into service in the finished state of construction.

L'invention vise à obtenir un procédé selon la revendication 1 de construction et une piscine selon la revendication 25 construite selon celui-ci, qui pallient les inconvénients de l'état de la technique et qui permette un montage plus facile et plus rapide de la piscine.The invention aims to obtain a method according to claim 1 for construction and a swimming pool according to claim 25 constructed according to it, which overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art and which allows easier and faster assembly of the swimming pool.

A cet effet, un premier objet de l'invention est un procédé de construction d'une piscine, pouvant être hors-sol, semi-enterrée ou enterrée, suivant la revendication 1.To this end, a first object of the invention is a method of constructing a swimming pool, which may be above-ground, semi-buried or buried, according to claim 1.

L'invention permet ainsi d'installer la jambe de force directement sur le sol avant le coulage de la dalle ou tranchée de béton, tout en garantissant que les lames de paroi devant être disposées sur la surface d'appui soient situées au-dessus de la dalle de béton. Ainsi, l'invention permet de dresser plusieurs jambes de force sur le sol et de disposer les lames de paroi sur les surfaces d'appui des jambes de force et ainsi de réaliser un positionnement aux bonnes dimensions et aux bons emplacements des jambes de force sur le sol, et de pouvoir régler à volonté ce positionnement directement sur le sol, ce qui est aisé et rapide, et de ne couler la dalle de béton ou la tranchée de béton qu'une fois que le positionnement des jambes de force sur le sol et des lames sur les jambes de force est effectué. La dalle de béton ou tranchée de béton permet de sceller le ou les pieds dans celle-ci, jusqu'au niveau des surfaces d'appui des lames de paroi ou en dessous. L'invention assure ainsi à la fois un positionnement précis des éléments constitutifs de la piscine et un ancrage solide des jambes de force sur le sol et permet de gagner du temps par rapport à un montage où les jambes de force seraient emprisonnées au coulage de la dalle béton avant montage de la structure selon l'état de la technique. L'invention permet à l'utilisateur de monter sa structure avant coulage de la dalle de béton ou de la tranchée de béton, en lui laissant une grande marge de réglage.The invention thus makes it possible to install the strut directly on the ground before pouring the concrete slab or trench, while ensuring that the wall strips to be arranged on the bearing surface are located above the concrete slab. Thus, the invention makes it possible to draw up several struts on the ground and to arrange the wall blades on the bearing surfaces of the struts and thus achieving positioning at the right dimensions and at the right locations for the struts on the ground, and being able to adjust this positioning directly on the ground at will, which is easy and quick, and to not pour the concrete slab or the concrete trench only after the positioning of the struts on the ground and the blades on the struts is carried out. The concrete slab or concrete trench makes it possible to seal the foot (s) in it, up to the level of the bearing surfaces of the wall slats or below. The invention thus ensures both precise positioning of the components of the pool and a solid anchoring of the struts on the ground and saves time compared to an assembly where the struts would be trapped in the pouring of the concrete slab before mounting the structure according to the state of the art. The invention allows the user to assemble his structure before pouring the concrete slab or the concrete trench, leaving him a large adjustment margin.

Les revendications 2 à 24 concernent des modes de réalisation du procédé de construction.Claims 2 to 24 relate to embodiments of the construction method.

Un deuxième objet de l'invention est une piscine, pouvant être hors-sol, semi-enterrée ou enterrée, suivant la revendication 25.A second object of the invention is a swimming pool, which may be above-ground, semi-buried or buried, according to claim 25.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • les figures 1 à 6 sont des vues schématiques en perspective de la partie inférieure de jambes de force suivant des modes de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 7 à 15 sont des vues schématiques en perspective de de jambes de force suivant des modes de réalisation de l'invention et des étapes successives de construction d'une piscine à partir de ces jambes de force,
  • les figures 16 et 17 représentent schématiquement une partie d'une paroi de piscine suivant des modes de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 18 et 19 représentent schématiquement un chainage pouvant être utilisé avec une jambe de force suivant des modes de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 20 représente schématiquement un exemple de chainage pouvant être utilisé pour une piscine rectangulaire.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the Figures 1 to 6 are schematic perspective views of the lower part of struts according to embodiments of the invention,
  • the figures 7 to 15 are schematic perspective views of struts according to embodiments of the invention and successive stages of construction of a swimming pool from these struts,
  • the figures 16 and 17 schematically represent a part of a swimming pool wall according to embodiments of the invention,
  • the figures 18 and 19 schematically represent a chaining which can be used with a strut according to embodiments of the invention,
  • the figure 20 schematically represents an example of chaining which can be used for a rectangular swimming pool.

Aux figures, une jambe 1 de force suivant l'invention comporte un montant 2 vertical supérieur et un pied inférieur 3 de contact avec le sol. Le pied inférieur 3 est fixé au montant 2. Le pied 3 et le montant 2 peuvent être par exemple d'une seule pièce, par exemple en ayant une armature commune en métal entouré de parties en matière synthétique. En variante, le pied 3 est rapporté sous le montant 2.In the figures, a strut 1 according to the invention comprises an upper vertical upright 2 and a lower foot 3 in contact with the ground. The lower leg 3 is fixed to the upright 2. The foot 3 and the upright 2 can be for example in one piece, for example by having a common metal frame surrounded by parts made of synthetic material. As a variant, the foot 3 is attached under the upright 2.

Le pied inférieur 3 est en porte-à-faux par rapport au montant 2. Le pied inférieur 3 dépasse vers l'avant par rapport au montant 2 et est destiné à se trouver vers le côté intérieur Cint de la piscine par rapport au montant 2. Le pied 3 s'étend depuis un côté arrière 32 situé sous le montant 2 vers un côté avant 33 situé en porte-à-faux devant le montant 2. Le côté avant 33 est destiné à se trouver vers le côté intérieur Cint de la piscine, tandis que le côté arrière 32 est destiné à se trouver vers le côté extérieur Cext de la piscine.The lower leg 3 is cantilevered with respect to the upright 2. The lower leg 3 protrudes forward with respect to the upright 2 and is intended to be located towards the inner side Cint of the swimming pool with respect to the upright 2 The leg 3 extends from a rear side 32 located under the upright 2 to a front side 33 located in overhang in front of the upright 2. The front side 33 is intended to be located towards the inner side Cint of the swimming pool, while the rear side 32 is intended to be towards the exterior side Cext of the swimming pool.

La jambe 1 de force comporte au moins un support 4 pour des lames L de paroi ou des parois P à disposer dessus. Le support 4 comporte une surface 41 d'appui, tournée vers le haut pour permettre d'appuyer dessus les lames L de paroi empilées verticalement pour former la paroi P ou une paroi P d'une seule pièce. Ce support 4 est fixé au pied 3 et/ou au montant 2. Les lames L de paroi ou les parois P peuvent être en bois (madriers ou autres) ou en matière synthétique. Par exemple, les lames L de paroi les plus basses, directement en appui sur les supports 4, peuvent être en une matière synthétique imputrescible, et non en bois.The strut 1 has at least one support 4 for the blades L of the wall or the walls P to be placed on it. The support 4 has a support surface 41, turned upwards to allow the wall blades L stacked vertically to be pressed against them to form the wall P or a wall P in one piece. This support 4 is fixed to the foot 3 and / or to the upright 2. The wall blades L or the walls P can be made of wood (planks or the like) or of synthetic material. For example, the lowest wall blades L, directly supported on the supports 4, can be made of a rot-proof synthetic material, and not of wood.

Sur les parois P est monté un dispositif de fixation du bassin de la piscine, devant contenir de l'eau de baignade. Ce bassin est par exemple constitué par une enveloppe souple (en anglais liner) dont le bord périphérique est fixé dans le dispositif de fixation sur les parois P, par exemple par le fait que le bord de cette enveloppe souple comporte un bourrelet qui est fixé dans un dispositif d'accrochage formé de profilés horizontaux fixés sur la partie supérieure des parois P. La piscine comportant les pieds 1 et les parois P peut être par exemple une piscine hors-sol, une piscine semi-enterrée ou une piscine enterrée. La piscine est modulaire.On the walls P is mounted a device for fixing the swimming pool basin, which must contain bathing water. This basin is for example constituted by a flexible envelope (in English liner ) whose peripheral edge is fixed in the fixing device on the walls P, for example by the fact that the edge of this flexible envelope comprises a bead which is fixed in a hooking device formed of horizontal profiles fixed on the upper part of the walls P. The swimming pool comprising the feet 1 and the walls P may for example be an above-ground swimming pool, a semi-inground swimming pool or an inground swimming pool. The pool is modular.

Aux figures, la direction verticale ascendante est une première direction Z, la direction allant du côté arrière 32 vers le côté avant 33 du pied 3 vers l'intérieur de la piscine est une deuxième direction horizontale Y et la troisième direction X perpendiculaire à la première direction Z liée à la deuxième direction Y et la troisième direction horizontale X longitudinale.In the figures, the upward vertical direction is a first direction Z, the direction going from the rear side 32 towards the front side 33 of the foot 3 towards the interior of the pool is a second horizontal direction Y and the third direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z linked to the second direction Y and the third horizontal direction X longitudinal.

Les lames L de paroi comportent par exemple à leur partie inférieure une ou plusieurs rainures et/ou une ou plusieurs nervures s'étendant dans le sens de leur longueur suivant la direction longitudinale X.The wall blades L comprise for example at their lower part one or more grooves and / or one or more ribs extending in the direction of their length in the longitudinal direction X.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, la surface 4 d'appui comporte une ou plusieurs nervure(s) 401 servant au guidage et à la réception d'une ou plusieurs rainure(s) d'une des lames L et/ou une ou plusieurs rainure(s) 402 servant au guidage et à la réception d'une ou plusieurs nervure(s) d'une des lames L. La ou les nervure(s) 401 et/ou la ou les rainure(s) 402 de la surface 4 d'appui sont par exemple horizontales et s'étendent par exemple suivant la direction longitudinale X.According to one embodiment, the bearing surface 4 comprises one or more rib (s) 401 used for guiding and receiving one or more groove (s) from one of the blades L and / or one or more groove (s) 402 used for guiding and receiving one or more rib (s) of one of the blades L. The rib (s) 401 and / or the groove (s) 402 of the surface 4 support are for example horizontal and extend for example in the longitudinal direction X.

Le pied inférieur 3 est destiné à être intégré dans une dalle DB de béton ou une tranchée TB de béton à couler sur le sol.The lower leg 3 is intended to be integrated into a concrete slab DB or a concrete trench TB to be poured on the ground.

Suivant l'invention, la surface 41 d'appui est située à une plus grande hauteur que le pied 3.According to the invention, the bearing surface 41 is located at a greater height than the foot 3.

Par exemple, le pied inférieur 3 est destiné à être pris dans la dalle DB de béton ou tranchée TB de béton à couler sur le sol sur une hauteur déterminée HB du pied 3. La surface 41 d'appui est située au niveau de la hauteur déterminée HB du pied 3 ou au-dessus de la hauteur déterminée HB du pied 3.For example, the lower leg 3 is intended to be taken in the concrete slab DB or trench TB of concrete to be poured on the ground over a determined height HB of the foot 3. The support surface 41 is located at the height determined HB of foot 3 or above the determined height HB of foot 3.

Ainsi, les lames L de paroi sont positionnées à une plus grande hauteur que le pied 3.Thus, the wall blades L are positioned at a greater height than the foot 3.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 1, le pied 3 est relié à un ou plusieurs éléments 5 d'ancrage dans le sol, situés sous le pied 3. Cet élément 5 d'ancrage est par exemple relié au côté avant 33 du pied 3, destiné à se trouver vers l'intérieur de la piscine.In the embodiment shown in figure 1 , the foot 3 is connected to one or more elements 5 for anchoring in the ground, located under the foot 3. This element 5 for anchoring is for example connected to the front side 33 of the foot 3, intended to be towards the inside the pool.

En outre, le pied 3 peut être relié à au moins un organe 6 d'appui contre le sol, situé sous le pied 3. Cet organe 6 d'appui comporte par exemple au moins une plaque horizontale 60, par exemple en forme de disque, pour être plaquée contre la surface horizontale supérieure du sol.In addition, the foot 3 can be connected to at least one support member 6 against the ground, located under the foot 3. This support member 6 comprises for example at least one horizontal plate 60, for example in the form of a disc. , to be pressed against the upper horizontal surface of the ground.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, l'élément 5 d'ancrage et/ou l'organe 6 d'appui est relié au pied 3 par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un organe 7 de liaison réglable en hauteur par rapport au pied 3. Le pied 3 peut comporter une ou plusieurs platines inférieures 73 dans lesquelles sont montés le ou les organes 7 de liaison réglables. Ainsi, on peut régler l'inclinaison du montant 2 par rapport à la verticale grâce à l'organe 7 de liaison réglable. Il peut être prévu plusieurs organes 7 de liaison réglables en hauteur et distants horizontalement l'un de l'autre, et par exemple à la figure 1 au moins trois organes 7 de liaison réglables en hauteur sont disposés en triangle l'un par rapport à l'autre, notamment un organe 7 près du côté avant 33 et deux organes 7 près du côté arrière 32 de part et d'autre du montant 2. Le ou les organe(s) 7 de liaison peut comprendre une vis 70 verticale vissée dans un taraudage traversant 71 du pied 3 ou de la platine 73, cette vis 70 comportant à son extrémité supérieure une tête 72 permettant de faire tourner la vis à l'aide d'un outil amovible, tel que par exemple une clé à pipe.In the embodiment of the figure 1 , the anchoring element 5 and / or the support member 6 is connected to the foot 3 by means of at least one member 7 of link adjustable in height with respect to the foot 3. The foot 3 may include one or more lower plates 73 in which the adjustable link member or members 7 are mounted. Thus, one can adjust the inclination of the upright 2 relative to the vertical through the adjustable connecting member 7. There can be provided several connecting members 7 adjustable in height and spaced horizontally from each other, and for example at the figure 1 at least three height-adjustable connecting members 7 are arranged in a triangle with respect to each other, in particular one member 7 near the front side 33 and two members 7 near the rear side 32 on either side of the upright 2. The connecting member (s) 7 may comprise a vertical screw 70 screwed into a through thread 71 of the leg 3 or of the plate 73, this screw 70 comprising at its upper end a head 72 making it possible to rotate the screw using a removable tool, such as for example a pipe wrench.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, l'élément 5 d'ancrage comporte un piquet 51 se terminant par une pointe 50 apte à être piquée dans le sol.According to one embodiment, the anchoring element 5 comprises a stake 51 ending in a point 50 capable of being pitted into the ground.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, l'organe 5 d'ancrage comporte un tube vertical 52 de guidage du piquet 51. Le tube 52 de guidage est relié au pied 3. Le piquet 51 est apte à être inséré verticalement dans le tube 52 par le haut pour que sa pointe 50 dépasse sous le tube 52 afin d'être piquée dans le sol, le piquet 51 étant de plus grande longueur verticale que le tube 52. Bien entendu, dans un autre mode de réalisation, le ou les organes 5 d'ancrage et/ou le ou les piquets 51 pourraient être solidaires du pied 3, sous celui-ci.According to one embodiment, the anchoring member 5 comprises a vertical tube 52 for guiding the stake 51. The guide tube 52 is connected to the foot 3. The stake 51 is capable of being inserted vertically into the tube 52 by the high so that its point 50 protrudes under the tube 52 in order to be poked into the ground, the post 51 being of greater vertical length than the tube 52. Of course, in another embodiment, the member (s) 5 d anchoring and / or the stake (s) 51 could be integral with the foot 3, under the latter.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, l'organe 7 de liaison réglable en hauteur est formé par le tube vertical 52, pouvant porter le filetage de la vis 70 sur sa surface extérieure.According to one embodiment, the connecting member 7 adjustable in height is formed by the vertical tube 52, which can carry the thread of the screw 70 on its outer surface.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 1, le pied 3 comporte un bord supérieur horizontal 31, situé sous le niveau de la surface 41 d'appui. Le bord supérieur horizontal 31 sert au positionnement d'un treillis horizontal 13 dans la dalle DB de béton. Le ou les support(s) 4 se trouvent à une grande hauteur que le bord supérieur 31 du pied 3 sur chaque jambe 1 de force. La différence de hauteur entre la surface 41 d'appui du support 4 et le bord supérieur 31est par exemple comprise entre 1 et 10 cm, et peut être notamment de 3 cm. La hauteur HB est par exemple celle délimitée entre les organes inférieurs 6 d'appui contre le sol et la surface 41 d'appui pour les lames L. La hauteur HB peut être comprise par exemple entre 5 et 30 cm, notamment entre 10 et 20 cm et peut être notamment de 15 cm.In the embodiment shown in figure 1 , the foot 3 has a horizontal upper edge 31, located below the level of the support surface 41. The horizontal upper edge 31 is used for positioning a horizontal trellis 13 in the concrete slab DB. The support (s) 4 are at a great height than the upper edge 31 of the foot 3 on each leg 1 of force. The difference in height between the support surface 41 of the support 4 and the upper edge 31 is for example between 1 and 10 cm, and may in particular be 3 cm. The height HB is for example that delimited between the lower members 6 for bearing against the ground and the bearing surface 41 for the blades L. The height HB can be for example between 5 and 30 cm, in particular between 10 and 20 cm and can in particular be 15 cm.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, le pied 3 comporte un logement 8 servant à recevoir au moins une lame LC de coffrage de la dalle DB de béton. Ce logement 8 se trouve derrière le côté arrière 32 du pied 3. Ce logement 8 est par exemple formé par une feuillure 80 fixée par une patte arrière 81 au côté arrière 32 du pied 3. Cette feuillure 80 et ce logement 8 sont verticaux.According to one embodiment, the foot 3 comprises a housing 8 used to receive at least one LC formwork blade of the concrete slab DB. This housing 8 is located behind the rear side 32 of the foot 3. This housing 8 is for example formed by a rebate 80 fixed by a rear tab 81 to the rear side 32 of the foot 3. This rebate 80 and this housing 8 are vertical.

Il est par exemple prévu comme support 4 :

  • un premier support 4a, qui est situé à droite d'une feuillure verticale 45 de séparation laquelle comporte une première surface 41a d'appui pour empiler dessus des premières lames La de paroi (par exemple visibles à la figure 9),
  • un deuxième support 4b qui est situé à gauche de la feuillure verticale 45 de séparation et qui comporte une deuxième surface 41b d'appui pour empiler dessus des deuxièmes lames Lb de paroi.
It is for example provided as support 4:
  • a first support 4a, which is located to the right of a vertical rebate 45 of separation which comprises a first support surface 41a for stacking above the first wall blades La (for example visible at the figure 9 ),
  • a second support 4b which is located to the left of the vertical rebate 45 for separation and which comprises a second bearing surface 41b for stacking above the second wall blades Lb.

La feuillure verticale 45 de séparation sert à séparer les premières lames La par rapport aux deuxièmes lames Lb.The vertical rebate 45 for separation is used to separate the first blades La with respect to the second blades Lb.

La surface 41, 41a, 41b d'appui et la feuillure 45 de séparation sont par exemple situées du côté intérieur du montant 2, devant être tourné vers le côté intérieur Cint de la piscine.The support surface 41, 41a, 41b and the rabbet 45 for separation are for example located on the inside of the upright 2, to be turned towards the inside Cint of the pool.

Le support 4, 4a, 4b est par exemple formé par un bec 46 tourné vers le haut et s'appuyant sur une partie intermédiaire 23 reliant le montant 2 au pied 3.The support 4, 4a, 4b is for example formed by a beak 46 turned upwards and resting on an intermediate part 23 connecting the upright 2 to the foot 3.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 4 et 5, le montant 2 comporte une paroi verticale 21, sur laquelle se trouve au moins un relief ou amincissement 22 de repérage de la position d'au moins un trou à percer pour fixer les lames L au montant 2. La paroi 21 est par exemple une paroi intérieure verticale jouxtant le ou les support(s) 4.In the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5 , the upright 2 has a vertical wall 21, on which there is at least one relief or thinning 22 for locating the position of at least one hole to be drilled to fix the blades L to the upright 2. The wall 21 is for example a vertical inner wall adjoining the support (s) 4.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 6, le montant 2 comporte une paroi verticale 21 dans laquelle est ménagé au moins un trou 23 permettant l'introduction d'un organe de fixation d'au moins une des lames L au montant 2, la lame L pouvant comporter également un trou T permettant d'y passer l'organe de fixation, ainsi que représenté à la figure 17.In the embodiment shown in figure 6 , the upright 2 has a vertical wall 21 in which is formed at least one hole 23 allowing the introduction of a member for fixing at least one of the blades L to the upright 2, the blade L can also include a hole T allowing the fixing member to pass through, as shown in the figure 17 .

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 2 et 3, le pied 3 comporte un deuxième logement ou deuxième réservation 9 servant à recevoir un outil d'indication d'horizontalité, par exemple un niveau à bulle, pour permettre de faciliter le réglage de son positionnement sur le sol. A la figure 2, le deuxième logement 9 est situé sur l'embase inférieure 91 du pied 3. A la figure 3, le logement 9 est situé sur une surface supérieure 92 du pied 3.In the embodiment shown in figures 2 and 3 , the foot 3 has a second housing or second reservation 9 used to receive a horizontal indication tool, for example a spirit level, to facilitate the adjustment of its positioning on the ground. To the figure 2 , the second housing 9 is located on the lower base 91 of the foot 3. At the figure 3 , the housing 9 is located on an upper surface 92 of the foot 3.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 2 et 3, l'une des jambes de force comporte un organe 11 de fixation, servant à fixer un dispositif de vérification d'horizontalité (tel que, par exemple, un émetteur laser ou un cordeau ou autre). Une autre des jambes 1 de force peut comporter, ainsi que représenté à la figure 2, un organe 11b de cible pour le laser ou pour le cordeau.In the embodiment shown in figures 2 and 3 , one of the struts comprises a fixing member 11, used to fix a device for checking horizontality (such as, for example, a laser transmitter or a cord or the like). Another of the struts 1 may include, as shown in the figure 2 , a target organ 11b for the laser or for the cord.

Il peut être prévu comme jambe de force 1, une ou plusieurs jambes de force la de coin et/ou une ou plusieurs jambes de force 1b latérales.It can be provided as a strut 1, one or more corner struts la and / or one or more lateral struts 1b.

Chaque jambe de force la de coin comporte des supports 4a et 4b dirigés suivant deux directions horizontales Xa et Xb faisant un angle entre elles non nul, par exemple à angle droit, ainsi que représenté à titre d'exemple aux figures 6 et 10, pour disposer dessus des lames La et Lb respectivement dirigées suivant ces directions Xb et Xa, c'est-à-dire avec un angle non nul entre ces lames La et Lb. Chaque jambe de force latérale 1b comporte des supports 4a et 4b dirigés suivant, respectivement, des directions horizontales Xa et Xb parallèles et/ou dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre, afin que les lames La et Lb disposées respectivement dessus soient dirigées suivant la même direction Xa, Xb, dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre et/ou avec un angle nul entre elles, ainsi que représenté à titre d'exemple aux figures 1 et 9.Each strut the corner has supports 4a and 4b directed in two horizontal directions Xa and Xb making an angle between them not zero, for example at right angles, as shown by way of example figures 6 and 10 , to have above the blades La and Lb respectively directed in these directions Xb and Xa, that is to say with a non-zero angle between these blades La and Lb. Each lateral strut 1b comprises supports 4a and 4b directed along, respectively, horizontal directions Xa and Xb parallel and / or in the extension of one another, so that the blades La and Lb disposed respectively above are directed in the same direction Xa, Xb, in line with one another and / or with a zero angle between them, as shown by way of example in figures 1 and 9 .

Le procédé de construction d'une piscine à l'aide de plusieurs jambes 1 de force comporte les étapes suivantes.The method of building a swimming pool using several struts 1 comprises the following steps.

Lors d'une première étape, on dresse plusieurs jambes 1 de force en des positions prescrites sur le sol.During a first step, several struts 1 are trained in prescribed positions on the ground.

Au cours d'une deuxième étape postérieure à la première étape, on positionne des lames L de paroi entre les jambes 1 de force, en les disposant sur les surfaces 41 d'appui, ainsi que représenté aux figures 7 à 10.During a second step subsequent to the first step, wall blades L are positioned between the struts 1, by placing them on the bearing surfaces 41, as shown in FIGS. figures 7 to 10 .

Au cours d'une troisième étape, postérieure à la deuxième étape, on coule une dalle de béton DB ou une tranchée TB de béton sur le sol pour y noyer les pieds 3 des jambes 1 de force. La dalle DB de béton ou tranchée TB de béton va jusqu'à un niveau inférieur ou égal au bas des lames L de paroi les plus basses, ainsi que représenté à la figure 12. Le béton de la dalle DB de béton ou tranchée TB de béton est par exemple auto-lissant.During a third step, after the second step, a concrete slab DB or a concrete trench TB is poured onto the ground to drown the feet 3 of the struts 1. The concrete slab DB or concrete trench TB goes up to a level less than or equal to the bottom of the lowest wall slats L, as shown in the figure 12 . The concrete of the DB concrete slab or TB concrete trench is for example self-leveling.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, lors de la deuxième étape, on fixe les lames L aux montants 2 des jambes 1 de force, par exemple, en les y fixant par des vis ou autres organes de fixation au travers de trous (que l'utilisateur perce au travers des montants 2 à l'endroit des reliefs ou amincissements 22 de repérage précités ou dans les trous 23 déjà présents).According to one embodiment, during the second step, the blades L are fixed to the uprights 2 of the struts 1 for example, by fixing them there by screws or other fixing members through holes (which the user drills through the uprights 2 at the location of the aforementioned reliefs or thinnings 22 or in the holes 23 already present).

Suivant un mode de réalisation, lors de la deuxième étape, on insère les lames LC de coffrage dans les logements 8 prévus à l'arrière des pieds 3. Les lames LC de coffrage délimitant entre elles un espace de délimitation de la dalle DB de béton à couler lors de la troisième étape ou de la tranchée TB de béton à couler lors de la troisième étape, les pieds 3 des jambes 1 de force dressées se trouvant dans cet espace de délimitation. Les lames LC de coffrage sont réglées pour que la surface 41 d'appui des lames L ou parois P soit située à un niveau inférieur ou égal à une extrémité supérieure de ces lames LC.According to one embodiment, during the second step, the LC formwork blades are inserted into the housings 8 provided at the rear of the legs 3. The LC formwork blades delimiting between them a space delimiting the concrete slab DB to be poured during the third stage or the TB concrete trench to be poured during the third stage, the feet 3 of the legs 1 of upright force being in this delimitation space. The LC formwork blades are adjusted so that the bearing surface 41 of the blades L or walls P is located at a level less than or equal to an upper end of these LC blades.

Ce procédé de construction est décrit plus en détail ci-dessous en référence aux figures 7 à 15 représentant les étapes successives du procédé de construction.This construction process is described in more detail below with reference to figures 7 to 15 representing the successive stages of the construction process.

A la figure 7, on suppose que l'on a creusé dans le sol une cavité C de profondeur inférieure ou égale à la hauteur HB et de dimensions correspondant à l'écartement prescrit entre les jambes 1 de force. Les jambes de force suivant l'invention permettent de réduire les dimensions de la cavité à creuser, le pied étant tourné vers le côté intérieur Cint de la piscine. On a ainsi de faibles dimensions de l'excavation nécessaire à l'implantation de la piscine.To the figure 7 , it is assumed that a cavity C has been dug into the ground with a depth less than or equal to the height HB and of dimensions corresponding to the prescribed spacing between the struts 1. The struts according to the invention make it possible to reduce the dimensions of the cavity to be dug, the foot being turned towards the inner side Cint of the pool. There are thus small dimensions of the excavation necessary for the installation of the swimming pool.

Lors de la première étape, à la figure 7, on règle par le ou les organe(s) 7 de liaison réglables en hauteur la position du pied 3 par rapport au sol et notamment la distance entre le ou les organe(s) 6 d'appui contre le sol et le pied 3. Ce réglage est par exemple effectué pour ménager une distance prescrite non nulle entre le ou les organe(s) 6 d'appui et le pied 3, par exemple une distance comprise entre 1 et 10 cm, notamment environ 5 cm. Le réglage du ou des organe(s) 7 de liaison en hauteur permet également de régler l'aplomb du montant 2 par rapport au sol dans les deux plans verticaux sécants YZ et XZ, c'est-à-dire l'inclinaison du montant 2 par rapport à l'axe vertical Z. Le cas échéant, la distance entre les jambes 1de force peut être réglée en utilisant une lame L positionnée sur les supports 4 des jambes 1, ainsi que représenté à la figure 7, afin que les extrémités L1 et L2 longitudinales de la lame L soient bien en appui sur les supports 4 et contre les feuillures 45 de séparation. A la figure 8, un outillage Out, par exemple une clé à pipe, ou autre, permet de faire tourner les vis 70 dans les pieds 3 pour modifier le positionnement angulaire de chaque jambe 1. Une fois le positionnement correct effectué, l'utilisateur insère un piquet 51 dans le tube 72 et le pique dans le sol afin d'immobiliser la jambe 1, ainsi que représenté à la figure 8. L'utilisateur effectue le positionnement des figures 7 et 8 successivement pour plusieurs jambes de force dressées selon un contour périmétrique sur le sol, par exemple rectangulaire, carré ou autre, ainsi que représenté à la figure 9. L'utilisateur empile ensuite des lames L les unes sur les autres entre les jambes 1, par exemple jusqu'à l'extrémité supérieure des jambes 1 à la figure 10. Il n'est cependant pas nécessaire d'empiler les lames L jusqu'à l'extrémité supérieure des jambes 1 pour passer à l'étape suivante.In the first stage, at the figure 7 , the position (s) 7 of height-adjustable connection is adjusted by the position of the foot 3 relative to the ground and in particular the distance between the body (s) 6 bearing against the ground and the foot 3. This adjustment is, for example, made to provide a non-zero prescribed distance between the support member (s) 6 and the foot 3, for example a distance between 1 and 10 cm, in particular approximately 5 cm. The adjustment of the height connecting member (s) 7 also makes it possible to adjust the verticality of the upright 2 relative to the ground in the two intersecting vertical planes YZ and XZ, that is to say the inclination of the upright 2 with respect to the vertical axis Z. If necessary, the distance between the legs 1 of force can be adjusted using a blade L positioned on the supports 4 of the legs 1, as shown in the figure 7 , so that the longitudinal ends L1 and L2 of the blade L are well supported on the supports 4 and against the separating rebates 45. To the figure 8 , a tool Out, for example a pipe wrench, or the like, makes it possible to rotate the screws 70 in the feet 3 to modify the angular positioning of each leg 1. Once the correct positioning has been carried out, the user inserts a stake 51 in the tube 72 and stings it into the ground to immobilize the leg 1, as shown in the figure 8 . The user positions the figures 7 and 8 successively for several struts erected according to a perimeter contour on the ground, for example rectangular, square or other, as shown in the figure 9 . The user then stacks blades L on top of each other between the legs 1, for example up to the upper end of the legs 1 at the figure 10 . However, it is not necessary to stack the blades L up to the upper end of the legs 1 to go to the next step.

Puis, à la figure 11, on positionne un treillis 13 sur le bord supérieur 31 des pieds 3. Ce treillis 13 est par exemple formé par un treillis soudé, un grillage, par exemple métallique à mailles perpendiculaires les unes aux autres. On insère également des lames LC de coffrage dans les logements 8, ces lames LC servant à délimiter la dalle DB de béton et étant disposées verticalement, ainsi que représenté à la figure 11. La surface 41 d'appui est située au -dessus du niveau du treillis 13 ou du chainage 170. La surface 41 d'appui est située au même ou légèrement sous le niveau de l'extrémité supérieure des lames LC de coffrage.Then, at the figure 11 , a trellis 13 is positioned on the upper edge 31 of the feet 3. This trellis 13 is for example formed by a welded trellis, a mesh, for example metallic with meshes perpendicular to each other. LC formwork blades are also inserted into the housings 8, these LC blades serving to delimit the concrete DB slab and being arranged vertically, as shown in the figure 11 . The bearing surface 41 is located above the level of the trellis 13 or the chainage 170. The bearing surface 41 is located at the same or slightly below the level of the upper end of the LC formwork blades.

Puis, à la figure 12, on coule la dalle DB de béton sur le sol dans l'espace délimité par les lames LC de coffrage jusqu'au niveau ou jusque sous le niveau des supports 4 pour que la dalle DB de béton se trouve sous les lames L de paroi ou au niveau du bord inférieur des lames L de paroi les plus basses. Le pied 3 est alors intégré dans le béton de la dalle DB, y compris son bord supérieur 31 et y compris le treillis 13. Pour cette étape, l'utilisation d'un béton auto-lissant et fluide permet de faciliter la mise en place de la dalle dans les zones difficiles d'accès, à savoir sous les parois et dans les excavations des jambes de force. Elle permet aussi de d'obtenir une surface lisse, comme son nom l'indique, sans avoir recours à un lissage manuel souvent fastidieux.Then, at the figure 12 , the concrete slab DB is poured onto the ground in the space delimited by the formwork slats LC up to or below the level of the supports 4 so that the concrete slab DB is under the wall slats L or at the lower edge of the lower wall blades L. The foot 3 is then integrated into the concrete of the slab DB, including its upper edge 31 and including the lattice 13. For this step, the use of a self-leveling and fluid concrete makes it easier to set up of the slab in hard to reach areas, namely under the walls and in the excavations of the struts. It also makes it possible to obtain a smooth surface, as its name suggests, without having to resort to manual smoothing which is often tedious.

On peut finir de placer et/ou fixer les lames L de paroi ou les parois après solidification et séchage de la dalle DB de béton.It is possible to finish placing and / or fixing the wall slats L or the walls after solidification and drying of the concrete slab DB.

Puis, à la figure 13, après solidification et séchage de la dalle DB de béton, on met en place un support intermédiaire 14 sur les extrémités supérieures des jambes 1. Ce support intermédiaire 14 est par exemple formé de solives horizontales 21 formant une double ceinture périphérique prenant appui sur les jambes 1.Then, at the figure 13 , after solidification and drying of the concrete slab DB, an intermediate support 14 is put in place on the upper ends of the legs 1. This intermediate support 14 is for example formed of horizontal joists 21 forming a double peripheral belt bearing on the legs 1.

Puis, à la figure 14, on fixe une margelle 15 sur le support intermédiaire 14, cette margelle 15 formant le bord supérieur libre de la piscine, périphérique à celle-ci.Then, at the figure 14 , a coping 15 is fixed on the intermediate support 14, this coping 15 forming the free upper edge of the swimming pool, peripheral thereto.

Puis, à la figure 15, des pièces d'habillage 60 sont apposées contre les montants 2 en étant fixées à ceux-ci ou contre les parois P, afin de cacher ces montants 2, dans le cas d'une piscine hors-sol ou semi-enterrée.Then, at the figure 15 , cladding pieces 60 are affixed against the uprights 2 by being fixed thereto or against the walls P, in order to hide these uprights 2, in the case of an above-ground or semi-buried swimming pool.

Suivant un mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 2 et 19, le pied 3 comporte un ou plusieurs trous latéraux traversants 16, dirigés suivant la direction X. A la figure 2, les trous 16 permettent le passage au travers du béton de la dalle DB, pour améliorer le scellement du pied 3 dedans.According to an embodiment shown in figures 2 and 19 , the base 3 has one or more through lateral holes 16, directed in the direction X. At the figure 2 , the holes 16 allow passage through the concrete of the slab DB, to improve the sealing of the foot 3 therein.

A la figure 19, ces trous 16 permettent de faire passer un organe de liaison (par exemple ligature ou autre) du pied 3 à un chaînage 170 permettant de relier entre elles les jambes 1 de force dans la tranchée TB de béton. La tranchée TB de béton relie plusieurs pieds 3 de plusieurs jambes 1 entre eux, par exemple de jambes 1 situées sur des côtés différents de la piscine, comme ceux faisant un angle non nul entre eux ou situés l'un en face de l'autre, ainsi que représenté par exemple à la figure 20. A la figure 18, le chaînage 170 peut être relié par tout autre moyen au pied 3 ou simplement être posé dans la tranchée TB avant son remplissage de béton. Le chaînage 170 est formé de tiges métalliques délimitant par exemple un contour parallélépipédique, par exemple de section verticale carrée. Les tranchées TB permettent d'éviter la réalisation d'une dalle complète DB, et sont plus facilement réalisables par un particulier souhaitant faire son excavation lui-même et/ou possédant une bétonnière. Il aura alors moins de béton à couler, et une surface à lisser moins importante. Il devra cependant déposer une couche d'un matériau plus souple comme du sable pour obtenir une surface identique sous l'intégralité de son bassin.To the figure 19 , these holes 16 make it possible to pass a connecting member (for example ligature or other) from the foot 3 to a chaining 170 making it possible to connect the struts 1 of force in the concrete trench TB. The concrete TB trench connects several feet 3 of several legs 1 to each other, for example legs 1 located on different sides of the pool, such as those making a non-zero angle between them or located one opposite the other, as shown for example in the figure 20 . To the figure 18 , the chaining 170 can be connected by any other means to the foot 3 or simply be placed in the trench TB before it is filled with concrete. The chaining 170 is formed of metal rods delimiting for example a parallelepipedic contour, for example of square vertical section. The TB trenches make it possible to avoid the creation of a complete DB slab, and are more easily achievable by an individual wishing to excavate himself and / or having a concrete mixer. It will then have less concrete to pour, and a smaller surface to smooth. He will however have to deposit a layer of a more flexible material such as sand to obtain an identical surface under the entirety of his basin.

Claims (25)

  1. A method for building a swimming pool, which can be an above-ground, semi-inground or inground swimming pool, comprising the following steps:
    - first step, during which several suspension struts (1) are erected in prescribed positions on the ground,
    each suspension strut (1) coprising an upper vertical upright (2), a lower ground-engaging foot (3), which is fixed to the upright (2) and which is cantilevered from the upright (2), a support (4) having a bearing surface (41) turned upwards, the bearing surface (41) being located at a larger height than the foot (3), the support (4) being fixed to the foot and/or to the upright (2),
    - second step, which is subsequent to the first step and during which stacked wall blades (L) or walls (P) are positioned between the suspension struts (1) on their bearing surfaces (41),
    - third step, which is subsequent to the second step and during which a concrete slab (DB) or concrete trench (TB) is poured on the ground at a determined height (HB) of the feet (3), the concrete slab (DB) or concrete trench (TB) extending up to a level lower than or equal to the bottom of the lowest wall blades (L) or up to the bottom of the wall (P).
  2. The building method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the second step, the wall blades (L) or the wall (P) are fixed to the uprights (2) of the suspension struts (1).
  3. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the second step, formwork blades (LC) are inserted in housings (8) provided at the rear of the feet (3), the formwork blades (LC) delimiting therebetween a delimitation space in which the feet (3) are located,
    the concrete being poured into said delimitation space during the third step, the formwork blades (LC) being used to delimit the concrete slab (DB) and/or the concrete trench (TB).
  4. The building method according to claim 3, characterized in that the bearing surface (41) is located at a level lower than or equal to an upper end of the formwork blades (LC).
  5. The building method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the foot (3) extends from a rear side (32) located under the upright (2) towards a front side (33), which is cantilevered in front of the upright (2) and located inwardly of the swimming pool,
    the housing (8) is located behind the rear side (32) of the feet (3) .
  6. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete of the concrete slab (DB) or concrete trench (TB) is self-levelling.
  7. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foot (3) is connected to at least one ground anchoring element (5) located under the foot (3).
  8. The building method according to claim 7, characterized in that the foot (3) extends from a rear side (32) located under the upright (2) towards a front side (33) cantilevered in front of the upright (2) and intended to be located inwardly of the swimming pool, the anchoring element (5) being connected to the front side (33) of the foot (3).
  9. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foot (3) is connected to at least one ground bearing member (6) located under the foot (3).
  10. The building method according to claim 9, characterized in that the bearing member (6) comprises at least one horizontal plate (60).
  11. The building method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the anchoring element (5) and/or the bearing member (6) is connected to the foot (3) by means of at least one connecting member (7) adjustable in height relative to the foot (3) .
  12. The building method according to claim 11, characterized in that several connecting members (7) adjustable in height and distant horizontally from each other are provided.
  13. The building method according to claim 11, characterized in that at least three connecting members (7) adjustable in height and disposed horizontally in a triangle relative to each other are provided.
  14. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are provided as a support (4) a first support (4a) located to the right of a vertical separation rabbet (45) and having a first bearing surface (41a) for stacking above first wall blades (La) or a first wall (P), and a second support (4b) located to the left of the vertical separation rabbet (45) and having a second bearing surface (41b) for stacking above second wall blades (Lb) or a second wall, the vertical separation rabbet (45) being used to separate the first blades (La) relative to the second blades (Lb) or to separate the first wall relative to the second wall.
  15. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upright (2) comprises another vertical wall (21) on which there is at least one relief or thinning (22), used for marking the position of at least one hole to be drilled to fix the wall blades (L) or the wall (P) to the upright (2).
  16. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upright (2) comprises another vertical wall (21) in which at least one hole (23) is formed allowing the introduction of a member intended to fix at least one of the wall blades (L) or of the wall (P) to the upright (2).
  17. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing surface (41) comprises at least one rib used to receive at least one groove of one of the wall blades (L) or of the wall (P) and/or at least one groove used to receive at least one rib of one of the wall blades (L) or of the wall (P).
  18. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foot (3) comprises at least one through hole (16), allowing the passage of the concrete therein and/or of at least one member intended to fix a chaining (170) to the foot (3).
  19. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foot (3) comprises a horizontal upper edge (31), located below the level of the bearing surface (41),
    a horizontal trellis (13) is positioned on the horizontal upper edge (31) between the second step and the third step,
    during the third step, the trellis (13) is immersed in the concrete slab (DB).
  20. The building method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the concrete trench (TB) connects at least two feet (3) of two suspension struts (1).
  21. The building method according to claim 20, characterized in that a chaining (170) connected to the two feet (3) is provided in the concrete trench (TB) prior to the third step.
  22. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foot (3) comprises at least a second housing (9) used to receive a horizontality-indicating tool.
  23. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension strut (1) comprises at least one fixing member (11) used to fix a horizontality-verifying device.
  24. The building method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension strut (1) comprises at least one target member (11b) for a laser emitter or for a cord.
  25. A swimming pool which can be an above-ground, semi-inground or inground swimming pool, comprising several suspension struts (1), each suspension strut (1) comprising an upper vertical upright (2), a lower ground-engaging foot (3), which is fixed to the upright (2) and which is cantilevered from the upright (2), a support (4) having a bearing surface (41) turned upwards, the support (4) being fixed to the foot and/or to the upright (2),
    the suspension struts (1) being interconnected by stacked wall blades (L) or walls (P) on their bearing surfaces (41), the wall blades (L) or the walls (P) being fixed to the uprights (2), characterized in a way that the swimming pool comprises the bearing surface (41) located at a greater height than the foot (3) in the erected position on the ground and the feet (3) of the suspension struts (1) immobilized in a concrete slab or at least one concrete trench, extending on a determined height (HB) of the feet (3) up to a level lower than or equal to the bottom of the lowest wall blades (L) or to the bottom of the walls (P), the swimming pool being built according to the building method according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP18151956.2A 2017-01-20 2018-01-16 A swimming pool provided with a stand and a method for building same Active EP3351705B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1750504A FR3062150B1 (en) 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 STRUT, SWIMMING POOL EQUIPPED WITH IT AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

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EP3351705A1 EP3351705A1 (en) 2018-07-25
EP3351705B1 true EP3351705B1 (en) 2020-07-15

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ES (1) ES2814604T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3062150B1 (en)

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FR3136000A1 (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-12-01 Geberit International Ag FOOT UNIT FOR A SANITARY MOUNTING DEVICE
WO2024224159A1 (en) * 2023-10-04 2024-10-31 Jaak Kangro A modular support structure for a hot tub

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IT202200023445A1 (en) * 2022-11-14 2024-05-14 Enrico Aquilani ABOVE GROUND POOL STRUCTURE

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US3877085A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-04-15 Delta Ind Inc Above-ground modular swimming pool enclosures
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DE3441344A1 (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-15 Debes & Wunder GmbH & Co Schwimmbad-Schwimmbadzubehör Freizeitprodukte KG, 8752 Johannesberg Swimming pool
US8028476B1 (en) * 2004-12-13 2011-10-04 Alford Michael R Pool leveling system

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FR3136000A1 (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-12-01 Geberit International Ag FOOT UNIT FOR A SANITARY MOUNTING DEVICE
WO2024224159A1 (en) * 2023-10-04 2024-10-31 Jaak Kangro A modular support structure for a hot tub

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FR3062150A1 (en) 2018-07-27
FR3062150B1 (en) 2022-06-10
ES2814604T3 (en) 2021-03-29
EP3351705A1 (en) 2018-07-25

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