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EP3317892B1 - Combination of an electromagnetic switch, a controller and an external power supply - Google Patents

Combination of an electromagnetic switch, a controller and an external power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3317892B1
EP3317892B1 EP16732635.4A EP16732635A EP3317892B1 EP 3317892 B1 EP3317892 B1 EP 3317892B1 EP 16732635 A EP16732635 A EP 16732635A EP 3317892 B1 EP3317892 B1 EP 3317892B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
controller
electromagnetic
switch
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16732635.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3317892A1 (en
Inventor
Amritendu DAS
Arend Lammers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd
Original Assignee
Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB1518682.8A external-priority patent/GB2543547A/en
Application filed by Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd filed Critical Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd
Publication of EP3317892A1 publication Critical patent/EP3317892A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3317892B1 publication Critical patent/EP3317892B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combination of:
  • Such a combination is for example known from EP 1986302 .
  • Switchgear such as a vacuum interrupter is typically used for medium and high voltage applications, to switch a power supply to a bad, like for example an electric pump.
  • the circuit responsible for opening the vacuum interrupter is a very safety critical part of the controller. This opening circuit opens the vacuum interrupter contacts after receiving any external opening command from a user or from a protection relay to break the electric circuit between the supply and load during any normal or abnormal condition.
  • the controller of the switchgear is powered by an external power supply. If external power supply fails, then the switchgear controller will be switched-off and will not able to perform any vacuum interrupter opening or closing operation after receiving any command
  • the opening circuit of the controller is at least powered from the energy stored in vacuum interrupter opening capacitor or from a separate backup power supply, such as described by EP 1986302 .
  • the size of the opening capacitor has to be bigger as to store the sufficient energy for powering the opening circuit for few hours and also to provide sufficient energy to activate the electromagnetic opening coil. Or a separate power backup needs to be provided
  • the software keeps the controller into sleep mode during external power failure for less power consumption, such as for example described in US 2013015712 .
  • other parts of the combination like a DC to DC converter, which provides the power supply to the micro-controller and opening circuit in the controller need to be active and will continue to consume power.
  • a combination according to the invention which combination is characterized by an opening control switch having an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is connected to the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch and wherein the output terminal is connected to the open command input and to the power supply input of the controller.
  • the controller When a power failure of the external power supply occurs, the controller will be fully switched-off. This ensures that no power is drained If the electromagnetic switch needs to be switched to the open position, the opening control switch will be closed, for example manually. This will cause power of the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch to be supplied to the controller, such that the controller can start up. Furthermore, the power of the first power supply is supplied to the open command input of the controller to supply the command for opening the electromagnetic switch. So, as soon as the controller has been started up, it will detect the command on the open command input and start the sequence for opening the electromagnetic switch.
  • the power failure can be virtually indefinite and with the invention, it will still be able to switch the electromagnetic switch to the open position.
  • the only limitation will be any internal power leakage of the first power supply.
  • a first voltage converter is arranged between the external power supply and the power supply input of the controller and wherein a second voltage converter is arranged between the output terminal and the power supply input of the controller.
  • the first and second voltage converters are used to bring the voltage of the external power supply or the first power supply to a level at which the power can be supplied to the controller and electronics circuits.
  • the second voltage converter is arranged to the output terminal of the opening control switch, such that the converter is only supplied with power when the opening control switch is closed.
  • the electromagnetic switch further comprises an electromagnetic closing coil for moving the switch to a closed state and a second power supply, preferably a capacitor, for driving the closing coil, which second power supply is connected to the external power supply; wherein the second power supply is connected to the first power supply via a diode with the forward direction of the diode towards the first power supply.
  • both an electromagnetic closing coil and an electromagnetic opening coil there are both an electromagnetic closing coil and an electromagnetic opening coil. Both coils have corresponding power supplies, typically capacitors.
  • the electromagnetic switch only needs to be opened Closing, after opening, is no longer required in such a power failure condition. So the power of the second power supply can be used also for the opening circuit. So, by connecting the second power supply via a diode to the first power supply, the second power supply can be used to charge the first power supply, if the power slowly drains from the first power supply due to internal leakage. This will extend the period in which the electromagnetic switch can still be controlled to an open position during a prolonged power failure.
  • the combination further comprises a charger unit arranged between the external power supply and the first power supply and / or second power supply of the electromagnetic switch.
  • the charger unit is used for ensuring that the first and second power supply are full charged when the external power supply is functional, such that upon a power failure, the first and second power supply can optimally be used for controlling the electromagnetic switch to an open position at a desired moment during the power failure.
  • the opening control switch is both manually and electromagnetic operable. This allows for a user to manually switch the electromagnetic switch to an open position or to have an external control system close the opening control switch.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the combination according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the stationary contact 1 and the movable contact 2 of a vacuum interrupter. Both contacts 1, 2 are shown in the closed position of the vacuum interrupter.
  • the movable contact 2 is connected via an actuator rod 3 to the movable pole body 4 of actuator 5.
  • the actuator 5 furthermore has a static pole body 6. Both pole bodies 4, 6 have cavities in which a second electromagnetic coil 7 and a first electromagnetic coil 8 is arranged The first coil 8 is used to move the contacts 1, 2 to an open position, while the second electromagnetic coil 7 is used to move the contacts 1, 2 towards each other.
  • the stationary pole body 6 is furthermore provided with a permanent magnet 9, which will attract the movable pole body 4 once the contacts 1, 2 are in closed position. This ensures that the second electromagnetic coil 7 does not need to be powered during the complete period that the contacts 1, 2 are in the closed position.
  • a spring 10 is arranged between the movable pole body 4 and the stationary pole body 6 to ensure that the actuator and contacts 1, 2 maintain an open position and are not pulled to the closed position by the stationary magnet 9 alone.
  • a first circuit with the first electromagnetic coil 8 and a capacitor 12 is switched by a control switch 11, such that the pole bodies 4, 6 are urged away from each other to open the contacts 1, 2.
  • a second circuit with the second electromagnetic coil 7 and a capacitor 13 is switched by a control switch 14, such that the pole bodies 4, 6 are pulled towards each other to close the contacts 1, 2.
  • the control switches 11, 14 are controlled by a micro-controller 15, which has an open command input 16 for receiving an opening command and an open output 17 connected to the switch 11.
  • the micro-controller 15 has furthermore a close command input 18 for receiving a closing command and a close output 19 connected to the switch 14.
  • An external power supply 20 is provided which supplies power to a charger 21 for charging both capacitors 12, 13.
  • the power supply 20 also provides voltage supply via an AC to DC converter 22 and via a DC to DC converter 23 to the power supply input 24 of the controller 15.
  • the external power supply 20 thus powers the controller 15, which can receive open commands from 16 after pressing switch 25 or 26 and or close command from 18 and according control the first and second electromagnetic coils 7, 8 such that the contacts 1, 2 open or close. This time second voltage converter 27 is disabled
  • the micro-controller 15 When the external power supply 20 fails, the micro-controller 15 will not be powered and signals on the open command input 16 and close command input 18 will have no effect.
  • an opening control switch 25, 26 is provided The opening control switch 26 can be operated manually or the opening control switch 25 can be operated like a relay by an external circuit.
  • the DC to DC converter 27 When external power supply fails and at least one of the opening control switches 25, 26 is closed, the DC to DC converter 27 will be enabled to power the microcontroller 15 from the first capacitor 12. At the same time, the open command input 16 will be activated, such that as soon as the micro-controller 15 is fully started the opening sequence will be performed, which includes closing control switch 11 such that the first capacitor 12 also powers the first electromagnetic coil 8 for opening the contacts 1, 2.
  • the power of the second capacitor 13 can also be used for powering the micro-controller 15 and for energizing the electromagnetic coil 8 and thus open the contacts 1, 2 although the external power supply 20 fails.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Description

  • The invention relates to a combination of:
    • an electromagnetic switch, such as a vacuum interrupter, comprising:
      • + at least an electromagnetic opening coil for moving the switch to an open state;
      • + a first power supply, preferably a capacitor, for driving the opening coil; and
      • + a control switch for controlling the power of the first power supply to the electromagnetic opening coil;
    • a controller having an open command input for receiving an opening command, an open output for controlling the control switch of the electromagnetic switch and a power supply input;
    • an external power supply connected at least to the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch and to the power supply input of the controller.
  • Such a combination is for example known from EP 1986302 .
  • Switchgear such as a vacuum interrupter is typically used for medium and high voltage applications, to switch a power supply to a bad, like for example an electric pump. With such switchgear, the circuit responsible for opening the vacuum interrupter is a very safety critical part of the controller. This opening circuit opens the vacuum interrupter contacts after receiving any external opening command from a user or from a protection relay to break the electric circuit between the supply and load during any normal or abnormal condition.
  • The controller of the switchgear is powered by an external power supply. If external power supply fails, then the switchgear controller will be switched-off and will not able to perform any vacuum interrupter opening or closing operation after receiving any command
  • However during this period of external power failure it is required to keep the vacuum interrupter opening circuit alive for at least a few hours for opening the contacts if an opening command is received
  • Typically, the opening circuit of the controller is at least powered from the energy stored in vacuum interrupter opening capacitor or from a separate backup power supply, such as described by EP 1986302 . The size of the opening capacitor has to be bigger as to store the sufficient energy for powering the opening circuit for few hours and also to provide sufficient energy to activate the electromagnetic opening coil. Or a separate power backup needs to be provided
  • Generally in software implemented switchgear controllers, the software keeps the controller into sleep mode during external power failure for less power consumption, such as for example described in US 2013015712 . But other parts of the combination, like a DC to DC converter, which provides the power supply to the micro-controller and opening circuit in the controller need to be active and will continue to consume power.
  • For all the known prior art solutions, the period in which the opening circuit can function during a power failure is limited, because still some parts of the controller will consume power.
  • It is an object of the invention to reduce or even remove the above mentioned disadvantages.
  • This object is achieved with a combination according to the invention, which combination is characterized by an opening control switch having an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is connected to the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch and wherein the output terminal is connected to the open command input and to the power supply input of the controller.
  • When a power failure of the external power supply occurs, the controller will be fully switched-off. This ensures that no power is drained If the electromagnetic switch needs to be switched to the open position, the opening control switch will be closed, for example manually. This will cause power of the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch to be supplied to the controller, such that the controller can start up. Furthermore, the power of the first power supply is supplied to the open command input of the controller to supply the command for opening the electromagnetic switch. So, as soon as the controller has been started up, it will detect the command on the open command input and start the sequence for opening the electromagnetic switch. Thus, with the invention only power is drained from the first power supply for the controller during power failure of the external power supply once the electromagnetic switch needs to be opened As a result, the power failure can be virtually indefinite and with the invention, it will still be able to switch the electromagnetic switch to the open position. The only limitation will be any internal power leakage of the first power supply.
  • In an embodiment of the combination according to the invention a first voltage converter is arranged between the external power supply and the power supply input of the controller and wherein a second voltage converter is arranged between the output terminal and the power supply input of the controller.
  • The first and second voltage converters are used to bring the voltage of the external power supply or the first power supply to a level at which the power can be supplied to the controller and electronics circuits.
  • As such voltage converters consume some power during converting, the second voltage converter is arranged to the output terminal of the opening control switch, such that the converter is only supplied with power when the opening control switch is closed.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the combination according to the invention the electromagnetic switch further comprises an electromagnetic closing coil for moving the switch to a closed state and a second power supply, preferably a capacitor, for driving the closing coil, which second power supply is connected to the external power supply; wherein the second power supply is connected to the first power supply via a diode with the forward direction of the diode towards the first power supply.
  • For example with vacuum interrupters, there are both an electromagnetic closing coil and an electromagnetic opening coil. Both coils have corresponding power supplies, typically capacitors.
  • Once a power failure of the external power supply is present, the electromagnetic switch only needs to be opened Closing, after opening, is no longer required in such a power failure condition. So the power of the second power supply can be used also for the opening circuit. So, by connecting the second power supply via a diode to the first power supply, the second power supply can be used to charge the first power supply, if the power slowly drains from the first power supply due to internal leakage. This will extend the period in which the electromagnetic switch can still be controlled to an open position during a prolonged power failure.
  • Preferably, the combination further comprises a charger unit arranged between the external power supply and the first power supply and / or second power supply of the electromagnetic switch. The charger unit is used for ensuring that the first and second power supply are full charged when the external power supply is functional, such that upon a power failure, the first and second power supply can optimally be used for controlling the electromagnetic switch to an open position at a desired moment during the power failure.
  • Furthermore it is preferred that the opening control switch is both manually and electromagnetic operable. This allows for a user to manually switch the electromagnetic switch to an open position or to have an external control system close the opening control switch.
  • These and other features of the invention will be elucidated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the combination according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the stationary contact 1 and the movable contact 2 of a vacuum interrupter. Both contacts 1, 2 are shown in the closed position of the vacuum interrupter.
  • The movable contact 2 is connected via an actuator rod 3 to the movable pole body 4 of actuator 5. The actuator 5 furthermore has a static pole body 6. Both pole bodies 4, 6 have cavities in which a second electromagnetic coil 7 and a first electromagnetic coil 8 is arranged The first coil 8 is used to move the contacts 1, 2 to an open position, while the second electromagnetic coil 7 is used to move the contacts 1, 2 towards each other.
  • The stationary pole body 6 is furthermore provided with a permanent magnet 9, which will attract the movable pole body 4 once the contacts 1, 2 are in closed position. This ensures that the second electromagnetic coil 7 does not need to be powered during the complete period that the contacts 1, 2 are in the closed position.
  • Finally, a spring 10 is arranged between the movable pole body 4 and the stationary pole body 6 to ensure that the actuator and contacts 1, 2 maintain an open position and are not pulled to the closed position by the stationary magnet 9 alone.
  • A first circuit with the first electromagnetic coil 8 and a capacitor 12 is switched by a control switch 11, such that the pole bodies 4, 6 are urged away from each other to open the contacts 1, 2. A second circuit with the second electromagnetic coil 7 and a capacitor 13 is switched by a control switch 14, such that the pole bodies 4, 6 are pulled towards each other to close the contacts 1, 2.
  • The control switches 11, 14 are controlled by a micro-controller 15, which has an open command input 16 for receiving an opening command and an open output 17 connected to the switch 11. The micro-controller 15 has furthermore a close command input 18 for receiving a closing command and a close output 19 connected to the switch 14.
  • An external power supply 20 is provided which supplies power to a charger 21 for charging both capacitors 12, 13. The power supply 20 also provides voltage supply via an AC to DC converter 22 and via a DC to DC converter 23 to the power supply input 24 of the controller 15. During normal use, the external power supply 20 thus powers the controller 15, which can receive open commands from 16 after pressing switch 25 or 26 and or close command from 18 and according control the first and second electromagnetic coils 7, 8 such that the contacts 1, 2 open or close. This time second voltage converter 27 is disabled
  • When the external power supply 20 fails, the micro-controller 15 will not be powered and signals on the open command input 16 and close command input 18 will have no effect.
  • According to the invention, an opening control switch 25, 26 is provided The opening control switch 26 can be operated manually or the opening control switch 25 can be operated like a relay by an external circuit.
  • When external power supply fails and at least one of the opening control switches 25, 26 is closed, the DC to DC converter 27 will be enabled to power the microcontroller 15 from the first capacitor 12. At the same time, the open command input 16 will be activated, such that as soon as the micro-controller 15 is fully started the opening sequence will be performed, which includes closing control switch 11 such that the first capacitor 12 also powers the first electromagnetic coil 8 for opening the contacts 1, 2.
  • As the second capacitor 13 is connected to the first capacitor 12 via a diode 28 with the forward direction of the diode towards the first capacitor 12, the power of the second capacitor 13 can also be used for powering the micro-controller 15 and for energizing the electromagnetic coil 8 and thus open the contacts 1, 2 although the external power supply 20 fails.

Claims (5)

  1. Combination of:
    - an electromagnetic switch, such as a vacuum interrupter, comprising:
    + at least an electromagnetic opening coil (8) for moving the switch to an open state;
    + a first power supply, preferably a capacitor (12), for driving the opening coil; and
    + a control switch (11) for controlling the power of the first power supply to the electromagnetic opening coil;
    - a controller (15) having an open command input (16) for receiving an opening command, an open output (17) for controlling the control switch of the electromagnetic switch and a power supply input (24);
    - an external power supply (20) connected at least to the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch and to the power supply input of the controller,
    characterized by
    an opening control switch (25, 26) having an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is connected to the first power supply of the electromagnetic switch and wherein the output terminal is connected to the open command input and to the power supply input of the controller.
  2. Combination according to claim 1, wherein a first voltage converter (22, 23) is arranged between the external power supply and the power supply input of the controller and wherein a second voltage converter (27) is arranged between the opening control switch output terminal and the power supply input of the controller.
  3. Combination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electromagnetic switch further comprises an electromagnetic closing coil (7) for moving the switch to a closed state and a second power supply, preferably a capacitor (13), for driving the closing coil, which second power supply is connected to the external power supply; wherein the second power supply is connected to the first power supply via a diode (28) with the forward direction of the diode towards the first power supply.
  4. Combination according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a charger unit (21) arranged between the external power supply and the first power supply and / or second power supply of the electromagnetic switch.
  5. Combination according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the opening control switch is both manually and electromagnetic operable.
EP16732635.4A 2015-06-30 2016-06-28 Combination of an electromagnetic switch, a controller and an external power supply Active EP3317892B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1951DE2015 2015-06-30
GB1518682.8A GB2543547A (en) 2015-10-21 2015-10-21 Combination of an electromagnetic switch, a controller and an external power supply
PCT/EP2016/064946 WO2017001371A1 (en) 2015-06-30 2016-06-28 Combination of an electromagnetic switch, a controller and an external power supply

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3317892A1 EP3317892A1 (en) 2018-05-09
EP3317892B1 true EP3317892B1 (en) 2019-08-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16732635.4A Active EP3317892B1 (en) 2015-06-30 2016-06-28 Combination of an electromagnetic switch, a controller and an external power supply

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3317892B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017001371A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11587751B2 (en) 2018-01-22 2023-02-21 Omron Corporation Electromagnetic relay and terminal block

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US6753493B2 (en) * 2001-06-01 2004-06-22 Hubbell Incorporated Electrical circuit interrupting device
EP1416503B1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2013-09-18 Hitachi, Ltd. Solenoid-operated switching device and control device for electromagnet
US6930271B1 (en) * 2004-08-13 2005-08-16 Eaton Corporation Circuit interrupter including linear actuator and manual pivot member
EP1986302A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2008-10-29 ABB Technology AG Power backup in a drive unit for a circuit breaker, and a circuit breaker
CN101399124B (en) * 2007-09-24 2010-11-10 王光顺 Control circuit for bistable state permanent magnet operating mechanism
DE102008018260A1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Controller for electromechanical drive of electrical switchgear i.e. contactor, has current sensor connected with output, and energy storage i.e. capacitor, supplying current to electromechanical drive after omission of control voltage
CN101667505B (en) * 2009-07-16 2013-11-20 东莞市广安电气检测中心有限公司 Heavy-current phase control closing device
EP2367189B1 (en) * 2010-03-18 2013-09-04 ABB Technology AG Switch unit, and related method

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11587751B2 (en) 2018-01-22 2023-02-21 Omron Corporation Electromagnetic relay and terminal block

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017001371A1 (en) 2017-01-05
EP3317892A1 (en) 2018-05-09

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