EP3312099A1 - Method for producing a pallet-free packaging unit and packaging unit manufactured according to this method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a palletless packaging unit (18) comprising a plurality of packaging articles (4) stacked to form a stack (2), in which the packaging articles (4) are stacked such that a special layer (8) is provided in at least one stacking plane. is formed, which forms at least two engagement portions (14, 16) for fork legs of a lift truck, the special situation (8) is initially stacked on a relative to this larger normal position (5), the stack (2) in any case with its engagement areas (14 , 16) is wrapped with a first film (22), the one-sided wrapped good stack (2) is turned so that the special layer (8) having part of the stack comes down and the stack with a up to the first film (22 Enveloping) second film (24) is wrapped. The present invention is based on the problem to provide a method for producing a palletless packaging unit and one which is easier to handle and proposes to use the special layer (8) has two first engagement regions (14) and two second engagement regions (16) forming the fork legs, wherein the second engagement portions (16) extend substantially perpendicular to the first engagement portions (14).

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a palletless packaging unit comprising a plurality of packaging items stacked in a stack, in which the packaging items are stacked in such a way that at least two engagement areas for fork legs of a lift truck are formed in at least one stack level, the stack at least with its engagement region a first film is wrapped, the unilaterally wrapped good pile is turned so that the engaging portions having portion of the stack comes down and the stack is wrapped with a preferably reaching into the engagement areas of the second film. In particular, the present invention relates to a method with the preamble features of claim 1.

Such a method is from those attributable to the present applicant DE 26 14 558 and DE 27 02 613 known. In this prior art method, a shrink hood is pulled over the stack as a first film, which subsequently applied by heat shrinking under welding with another plastic film, which has been previously placed on the stack, closely to the stack. After turning, another shrink film hood was pulled over the stack as a second sheet and also shrunk to the stack by thermal shrinkage, welding to the overlapping portions of the first sheet.

The generic method has proven particularly useful for forming packages of stacked bags, for example bags of petrochemical products, fertilizers, cement, gypsum or mortar products, particularly in those areas where the use of pallets for storing a stack of goods is unusual. and / or the repatriation or use of pallets after unloading the packaging objects deleted.

However, wishes remain open also in the case of the previously known procedure, which relate in particular to the handling of the packaging unit. While previously palletless packaging units were handled as piece goods for themselves, today these are usually transported in containers. For the most compact possible filling of the container with the packaging units, there is the need to give the individual packaging units in a special way and orientation relative to each other in the container.

The present invention intends to specify a method which is suitable for the production of palletlessly produced packaging units and a correspondingly pallet-free packaged packaging unit which can be handled in an improved manner.

To solve the problem, it is proposed with respect to the method to form the first special situation with two first engagement areas, which are designed and arranged adapted for the engagement of two fork legs of a lift truck. Furthermore, the special position forms two second engagement regions for the fork legs, which extend at right angles to the first engagement regions and are adapted to engage the fork legs of a lift truck. The packaging unit produced by the method is, as usual, preferably a packaging unit with a rectangular base. Thus, the first engagement regions extend in a first direction and the second engagement regions extend in a second, substantially perpendicular direction.

Accordingly, the packaging unit provided with the present invention has two first engaging portions of the aforementioned type and two second engaging portions of the aforementioned type, wherein the first and second engaging portions are perpendicular to each other and extend. Thus, a handling unit of the lift truck from two relative to each other by 90 ° offset directions with its fork legs retract into the engagement areas and lift the stack and then maneuver. For example, good stacks can be arranged with different orientation to each other in a container.

Usual good stacks regularly have a rectangular and not a square plan with a base area that has a width of about 1100 mm and a length of about 1300 mm. The description of the present invention preferably relates to packaging units which are formed from bags filled with bulk material. Although usually the blank forming the blank can be made to measure, due to the bulk material received in the bag, there is some variation in the dimension as well as the weight of the bags filled with bulk material. Thus, all the information given in this description on the dimensions and weights of the bags are to be understood with a certain tolerance. Modern scales can determine the exact filling weight for a bag with high accuracy and speed. Thus, the specified weights are to be understood with an inaccuracy of about 2%. With regard to the dimensions, greater inaccuracies which can be determined by the morphology and / or particle size distribution and / or the weight of the bulk material apply. Thus, the dimensions should be understood with an inaccuracy of up to 10%, preferably up to 5%.

The material forming the first and second film may be a shrink film with which the product stack is initially wrapped substantially without tension. Thereafter, by applying heat, the tubular film is heated so that when the film is formed, frozen orientations of the molecular chains relax, thereby shrinking the dimensions of the film, as is generally the case in the prior art described above DE 26 14 558 and DE 27 02 613 is known.

Alternatively, the first and / or second film may also be formed by a stretch film, as for example from that attributed to the Applicant EP 2 036 818 A1 is known. The special features given there for the formation of a stretch hood formed from a tubular film can also be used in the present method. This applies in particular to the feeding of material of the second film, so that it ends at the level of the engagement regions and actively released, for example by driving Reffrollen to push in the area of the engagement areas befindlichem there foil material inwardly and substantially to the contour of the stack of goods and to apply the areas surrounding the engaging areas, as shown in FIG EP 2 036 818 A1 is known.

In the method according to the invention and in the packaging unit according to the invention, the engagement areas are usually provided in a horizontal position formed by a single layer of packaging objects. In the case of a stack of bags formed from sacks accordingly several bags in a plane to form the special situation. This special situation is covered to form the engagement areas usually over its entire peripheral surface of the overlying normal position. When stacking the stack of goods, therefore, the usually last layer is placed as a special layer in the middle and with a lateral distance to the side surfaces of the previously stacked cuboid part of the stack. The special situation thus has for each edge to the side surface a suitable for engagement of the fork legs of a lift truck distance.

In particular, when stacking a stack of goods consisting of filled bulk bags, it has been proven to arrange them so that engagement areas are formed. In the prior art, this is achieved by using identically shaped bags with a different arrangement of the bags in the special situation with a reduced number of bags. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, however, it is proposed to form the packaging units of the special situation smaller than the packaging units of the normal position. Smaller means that the dimensions of the packaging units in the plan view of the same in the packaging units of the special situation lower than in the packaging units of Normal position are. The plan view is a plan view of the base of the lying on a plane sacks, so that the main side surface of the bags is visible.

The packaging units forming the special layer are of the same size within the scope of the tolerance to be recognized in the production of packaging units. They are also preferably the same weight and in particular have a filling weight of about 18.75 kg. There are preferably four bags as packaging units in the special situation and the same training formed. The overlying normal position usually has five packaging units. The five preferably the normal layer forming piece goods sacks usually have a weight of 25 kg.

While maintaining the otherwise known dimensions for piece bags with a width of 440 mm and a length of 650 mm, it has proven to be advantageous to form the special layer of packaging objects, preferably bags that have a corresponding base of 440 mm +/- 30 mm wide and 510 mm +/- 30 mm in length. The preferred four packaging units are preferably joined into a rectangle, which leads to a special layer with a base area of 880 mm +/- 60 mm in width and 1020 mm +/- 60 mm in length. The usually overlying normal position is clamped by five conventional bags with a base area of about 1100 mm in width and 1300 mm in length. Normally, all layers except the special layer with this dimension are provided. However, the bags are stacked in successive layers staggered to each other to obtain the best possible composite of the bags.

According to a preferred development of the present invention, sacks of different lengths are produced and filled at a bagging plant. In this process, bags of different sizes are produced on an identical bagging system. This bagging system communicates with a supply of bulk material to be bagged. In the baghouse usually the bags to be filled are made from an identical supplied tubing and first sealed with a lower transverse weld, then filled and then sealed with an upper transverse weld to include the bulk material in the bag (form-fill-seal method). The bags thus produced are deposited on a conveyor line and fed to a palletizer, in which the bags are stacked as packaging units to form a stack. In the production of the bags by means of the form-fill-seal method, the same sheet material is preferably used, whereby the process is simplified.

In this case, the sacks can each be supplied by the bagging installation in the quantity and sequence of the palletizing device required for stacking the entire stack of articles. Assuming that the stack has eleven normal plies and a special ply, 55 bags of the normal ply and then four bags of the special ply in the baghouse are accordingly produced, filled and fed to the palletizer in one cycle.

The arrangement of bagging, conveyor and palletizer is known in the art as such. In the prior art, there is usually between the bagging and the palletizing a control device which is adapted to identify useless bags and eliminate, d. H. auszuschleusen from the conveyor line, so that they are not supplied to the palletizer. For example, unusable bags are those that are not reliably closed. For this purpose, the control device can detect the trickle of bulk material from the bag and eject the corresponding bag. Equally well, a metal detector can identify those sacks containing metallic debris. For example, sacks of plastic granules are usually discharged if they contain metallic foreign bodies.

Such a control device may be data coupled with the baghouse to replace the respective discharged bag without the desired sequence of smaller bags and larger bags for stacking the special situation and the normal position of the cycle 'is disturbed. The bagging plant can accordingly produce and fill bags of different sizes in that cycle, in which the corresponding sequence of bags of different sizes is required for stacking the stack. Only the removal of a bag justifies a replacement requirement, which is directly satisfied by the bagging plant.

Alternatively, the bagging plant can supply bags of different sizes to the palletizing device via different conveying paths, so that at one point in the area of the palletizing device the bags for the special layer and at another point the bags for the normal position are kept ready. Thus, for stacking the normal layers on the provided for the normal position bags is accessed. To place the special situation, the other conveyor line is accessed.

In this case, the entire stack can be stacked at a single Palettierposition. The stacking can be done with a device such as in EP 2 258 618 B1 described is. Any other conventional palletizer for stacking the bags is also suitable.

Alternatively, in the palletizing device, the sacks of the normal layer may first be stacked at a first palletizing position, as is common. From there, the not yet finished stack of goods from the first palletizing preferably be conveyed away via a conveyor line with drive for moving the stack of goods to lifting it from the conveyor line. At a second stacking position, the special layer is laid on by means of a special layer laying device. This device may be formed by a robot or other handle. The procedure described above eliminates the need to refill defective sacks immediately upon completion to complete the cycle of small and large sacks, which can be particularly problematic if the defective sack occurs immediately after a change, such as a defective sack the regular four smaller bags of special situation, the device has already begun, however, to produce a succession of bags for the normal layers. In view of this, it is preferable to deposit a large number of special-purpose sacks in a memory which is used to form the special layer. In the same way, the sacks of the normal layers are stored in a memory. The device for carrying out the method recognizes a bag that has been rejected as faulty and determines the substitute requirement justified as a result. The storage is filled up accordingly, so that at any time sufficient sacks for stacking the pile of goods are kept.

The process defined in claims 10 to 13 and the above description of the process control as well as the device-specific conditions for carrying out the process may be essential to the invention per se. Thus, the presently described invention can also be seen in the fact that bags of different sizes are produced one after the other in a single bagging system, preferably in alternating sequences, and fed to a palletizing device. One cycle may involve the production of 40 to 140, preferably up to 60 large sacks of the normal layer followed by 3 to 20, preferably to 6 small sacks of the special layer. It is usually carried out several cycles in a row. With regard to the desired sequence of smaller and larger bags, the device also includes a memory which counts the total number of bags dispensed and processes the data thus determined so that the controller of the device stores and accesses data representing the number of different sizes Sacks in the area of the buffer or storage behind the baghouse or immediately before the palletizer knows and can spend for the process control.

Figur 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine Normallage des Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine Sonderlage des Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht von oben auf den Gutstapel mit den äußeren Konturen einer Normallage und den darunterliegenden gestrichelten Konturen einer Sonderlage und

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht eines vollständig umhüllten Gutstapels umfassend eine Sonderlage und eine Vielzahl von Normallagen.

Further details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the present invention taken in conjunction with the drawings. In this show:

FIG. 1

a plan view of a normal position of the embodiment;

FIG. 2

a plan view of a special situation of the embodiment;

FIG. 3

a top view from the top of the stack with the outer contours of a normal position and the underlying dashed contours of a special situation and

FIG. 4

a side view of a completely wrapped stack of goods comprising a special situation and a variety of normal layers.

The FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the stack 2 with several summarized in a stack level packaging items 4, which should be formed in the present case by filled with bulk bags. On top of each other several levels of packaging items 4 are stacked. Each stack level has in the normal layers 5, the same number of packaging items 4, so that there is a substantially cuboid stack 2. Only the topmost stacked layer is formed as a special layer 8 and has less packaging items 10. When stacking the special layer 8, this is stacked with allseitigem distance to 12 marked side surfaces of a cuboid formed by the normal layers 5.

The stack of goods 2 thus formed is coated in a conventional manner in a Kontehaubenverfahren, as is derived from the going back to the applicant EP 2 036 818 A1 or. EP 2 248 722 A1 is known. After this procedure, the special layer is at the bottom and forms below the lowest normal position 5.1 engagement areas that in FIG. 3 are characterized with first engaging portions 14 and second engaging portions 16. The engagement areas have approximately the same coverage. Accordingly, the last normal position 5.1 projects beyond the special situation 8 on all peripheral surfaces with approximately the same overhang.

A so formed stack 2 is formed in the embodiment with a special layer 8, the in FIG. 3 is shown. It consists of four Stückgutsäcken 10, each with a length L of 510 mm and a width B of 440 mm. This results in the base area of the special layer SB = 880 mm and SL = 1020 mm.

In the finished packaged and designed as a packaging unit 18 stack 2 lies on this special layer 8, the top normal position 5.1, which consists of five packaging items 4 like any other normal position 5. These bags 4 have a length I of 650 mm and a width of 440 mm. They are in the in FIG. 1 apparent manner juxtaposed with three sacks 4, which adjoin one another in the longitudinal direction and two frontally provided bags 4, which adjoin each other over their broad side. Thus, the normal position 5 is raised to a base area having a width NB and a length NL of 1100 and 1300 mm. In an assumed concentric arrangement of the lowest normal position 5.1 and the overlying normal layers 5 on the special layer 8 results in each of the engagement areas with an overlap by the overlying first normal position 5.1 of at least 110 mm.

The packaging unit 18 thus formed is in the in FIG. 4 shown embodiment according to the teaching of EP 2 036 818 A1 coated with different film hoods, namely a holding position 20, a like the holding position first from the top bottom over the stack 2 drawn first sheet 22 and after turning the stack 2 such that the special layer 8 comes down over the so-oriented stack 2 formed second film hood 24. The first and the second sheet material could be identical or different.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

stack

4

Packaging items of the normal situation

5

normal position

6

top

8th

special location

10

Packaging items of special situation

12

faces

14

first intervention area

16

second engagement area

18

Packaging Unit

20

holding position

22

first slide

24

second foil

b

Wide article of packaging of the normal position

I

Length of the packaging item of the normal position

B

Wide packing item of special situation

L

Length of the packaging item of the special situation

NB

Wide normal position

NL

Length normal position

SB

Wide special situation

SL

Length special situation

Claims (15)

Method for producing a palletless packaging unit (18) comprising a plurality of packaging articles (4, 10) stacked to form a stack (2), in which the packaging articles (4, 10) are stacked such that a special layer (8) is formed in at least one stacking plane is formed, the at least two engagement portions (14, 16) for fork legs of a lift truck, wherein the special situation (8) is initially stacked on a relative to this larger normal position (5),
the stack of goods (2) is wrapped in any case with its engagement areas (14, 16) with a first film (22);
the one-sided wrapped good stack is turned so that the special layer (8) having part of the stack (2) comes down and the stack (2) with a up to the first film (22) reaching second film (24) is wrapped,
characterized,
in that the special ply (8) forms two first engagement regions (14) for the fork legs and two second engagement regions (16) for the fork legs, the second engagement regions (16) extending substantially at right angles to the first engagement regions (14). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some, the special layer (8) forming packaging units (10) are smaller than the normal position (5) forming packaging units (4). Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that all the packaging units (10) forming the special layer (8) are smaller than the packaging units (4) forming the normal layer (5). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the normal position (5) forming the packaging units (4) are made the same size. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the normal position (5) with five packaging units (4) and that the special layer (8) with four packaging units (10) is formed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the special units (8) forming packing units (10) are bags with a base whose width (B) with 440 mm +/- 30 mm, preferably +/- 15 mm and their Length (L) with between 510 mm +/- 30 mm, preferably +/- 15 mm is determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the special layer (8) has a base whose width (SB) with 880 mm +/- 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm and whose length (SL) with 1020 mm + / - 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm is determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the normal position (5) has a base area whose width (NB) is 1100 mm +/- 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm and whose length (NL) is 1300 mm + / - 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm is determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that bags of different size are produced and filled at a bagging plant and fed via a conveyor line of a palletizing, which piled up the bags as packaging units to a stack. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the palletizing stacks the sacks of the normal position and the sacks of the special situation at a palletizing position. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the palletizing stacked the sacks of the normal position at a first Palettierposition and that the bags of special situation is placed on a special layers Auflegevorrichtung. Method according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the sacks of the normal position and the sacks of the special layer are produced by means of a form-fill-seal method from the same film material. Packaging unit (18) having a plurality of layers of stacked packaging objects (4, 10) stacked such that in a stacking plane by a special layer (8) engaging portions (14, 16) are formed for fork legs of a lift truck, on the one to the special position (8) larger normal position (5) rests, with a top side (6) and in any case parts of the side surfaces (12) of the packaging unit (18) enveloping hood of a first foil material (22) and in an opposite direction to this over the stack (2) pulled hood from a second A film material (24), characterized in that the special layer (8) forms two first engagement regions (14) for the fork legs and two second engagement regions (16) for the fork legs, the second engagement regions (16) being substantially perpendicular to the first engagement regions (16). 14). Packaging unit (18) according to claim 13, characterized in that the packaging units are filled with bulk bags. Packaging unit (18) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by a development according to one of claims 2 to 8.

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