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EP3278426A1 - Connection between a shaft of an electric machine and a reducing gear - Google Patents

Connection between a shaft of an electric machine and a reducing gear

Info

Publication number
EP3278426A1
EP3278426A1 EP16712855.2A EP16712855A EP3278426A1 EP 3278426 A1 EP3278426 A1 EP 3278426A1 EP 16712855 A EP16712855 A EP 16712855A EP 3278426 A1 EP3278426 A1 EP 3278426A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
pinion
gearbox
connection
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16712855.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Didier Calmettes
Michel DROIT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
Original Assignee
Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS filed Critical Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
Publication of EP3278426A1 publication Critical patent/EP3278426A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/076—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end by clamping together two faces perpendicular to the axis of rotation, e.g. with bolted flanges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/09—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces
    • F16D1/092—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces the pair of conical mating surfaces being provided on the coupled hub and shaft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
    • F16C2380/27—Motor coupled with a gear, e.g. worm gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/581—Raceways; Race rings integral with other parts, e.g. with housings or machine elements such as shafts or gear wheels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electromechanical assemblies comprising an electric machine and a reducer coupled to the machine.
  • the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to electromechanical assemblies in which the electric machine is a motor, in particular for an automobile traction application.
  • connection between the motor and the gearbox is a source of vibration, which causes noise, which should be reduced to a minimum.
  • FR 605 287 discloses an electric motor with a speed governor comprising a pinion interposed between two reported shafts, engaged in tapered bores of the pinion.
  • a first solution, illustrated in Figure 1, is not to bring coins, but to have a shaft 1 in which is cut the teeth of pinion 2, also called "pinion tree".
  • the material of the tree is generally a steel with high mechanical properties, expensive. Making the gear teeth monolithically with the shaft increases the cost of wear of the machining equipment.
  • the front bearing of the engine must provide an oil seal function. Therefore, the engine has a seal 3 which must, to allow the establishment of the shaft, have an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the pinion.
  • a seal 3 which must, to allow the establishment of the shaft, have an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the pinion.
  • FIG. 3 Another solution, illustrated in Figure 3, is to use a hollow pinion 2, which is attached to the shaft 1 after mounting the seal 3 and the front bearing 5 of the machine. The torque resistance of the pinion on the shaft is then ensured by axial clamping of a screw 6 fixed at the end of the shaft.
  • a disadvantage of such a solution is that the torque resistance of the pinion on the shaft, provided by the tightening of the screw, is relatively limited.
  • the invention achieves this objective by virtue of a connection between a shaft of an electric machine, in particular a motor, and a gear of a gearbox coupled to the machine, which is characterized by the fact that the pinion has a conical bore engaged on the shaft and comprises a portion, called tail, engaged in a bearing of the reducer.
  • the invention has many advantages.
  • the inner diameter of the seal of the machine can be relatively small, which allows operation at high rotational speeds.
  • the tapered bore ensures a high torque recovery.
  • the tail of the pinion defines the rolling surface for rolling the gearbox.
  • the pinion is traversed axially by an axial member useful for attachment to the shaft.
  • This axial element is for example a screw fixed at the end of the shaft, or alternatively a threaded part monoblock with the shaft, the fixing then being effected with a nut screwed on it.
  • the pinion can be axially constrained on the shaft so as to obtain the desired torque transmission.
  • the tail of the pinion can be traversed by a cylindrical bore, in which the aforementioned axial element extends.
  • the invention also relates to an electromechanical assembly comprising a machine coupled to a gearbox, the transmission of torque between the gearbox and the machine being effected by means of a connection according to the invention, as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with such an electromechanical assembly.
  • the invention also relates to a method of mounting a gearbox on an electric machine, to form a connection according to the invention, in which method the pinion is fixed on the shaft of the engine pre-equipped with a bearing and of a joint, then the shaft thus equipped is engaged in the reducer.
  • the invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a connection according to the invention, wherein the conical bore and the part engaged in the bearing are machined on the same machine, so as to reduce eccentricity defects.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial axial section of an example of an electromechanical assembly according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 represents a detail of FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an electromechanical assembly 100 according to the invention, comprising an electric machine 10 coupled to a gearbox 20.
  • the electric machine is an electric motor, capable of operating at a high rotational speed, in particular between 10,000 and 18,000 rpm.
  • This electric motor is for example a traction motor of an electric or hybrid vehicle, being for example mounted centrally under the hood or directly at the hubs of the wheels.
  • the motor 10 comprises a shaft 11 which passes through a front flange 12 carrying a bearing 13 and a seal 14.
  • the gearbox 20 comprises a housing 21 which is fixed to a flange 15 of the front flange 12, for example by bolting.
  • the housing 21 has an opening 28 in which the shaft 11 is engaged.
  • the gearbox 20 houses any reduction or reduction mechanism suitable for the application concerned.
  • This mechanism comprises a pinion 30, which is an input gear of the reducer in the example in question, and which meshes with other elements of the mechanism, not visible in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • This pinion 30 has an enlarged portion 31 on which is formed the toothing 32, and a monolithic tail 33 with the enlarged portion 31 defining a rolling surface 34 for a bearing 23 of the gear 20, for example a needle bearing as illustrated.
  • the toothing 32 can be of any type, helical, straight or conical.
  • the shaft 10 has at the end a conical bearing surface 16 and the enlarged portion 31 of the pinion has a conical bore 35 adapted to fit on the shaft end so as to allow the transmission of the torque between the shaft and the pinion, thanks to the axial clamping of the pinion 30 on the shaft 10 by means of a screw 26 screwed into the shaft and whose head 27 abuts axially on the end edge 37 of the pinion.
  • the screw 26 passes through the pinion tail by means of a cylindrical axial bore 38 thereof.
  • the end 17 of the shaft 10 does not bear against the shoulder 39 formed at the junction of the tapered bore 35 and the cylindrical bore 38, so as to allow axial clamping of the pinion on the shaft .
  • the tapered bore is for example of the MORSE type allowing irreversible drive of the pinion.
  • the force applied to the mounting allows the passage of torque, and operation forward or backward does not allow to loosen the pinion.
  • the taper is preferably between 5 and 10% (10% corresponds to a 1 ⁇ 2 angle at the top of 2 ° 5 ⁇ 45 "), better still 10%, in order to minimize the axial positioning variation of the pinion 30 with respect to a pinion of an intermediate axis of the gearbox with which it meshes and thus guarantee good meshing conditions, low wear and noise, at the gearbox.
  • the shaft 10 can be mounted through the front bearing 13 and the seal 14.
  • the pinion 30 can be mounted on the shaft 10 and fixed on it by means of the screw
  • the shaft 10 thus provided with its pinion 30 can be engaged in the gearbox 20 through the opening 28 thereof, and the clamping flange 15 of the motor flange assembled to the frame 21 of the gearbox.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Abstract

A connection between a shaft (11) of an electric machine (10), in particular an engine, and a pinion (30) of a reducing gear (20) coupled to the machine, characterised by the fact that the pinion has a conical bore (31) engaged on the shaft and comprises a stem (33) engaged in a bearing (23) of the reducing gear.

Description

Liaison entre un arbre de machine électrique et un réducteur  Link between an electric machine shaft and a gearbox
La présente invention concerne les ensembles électromécaniques comportant une machine électrique et un réducteur accouplé à la machine. The present invention relates to electromechanical assemblies comprising an electric machine and a reducer coupled to the machine.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement mais non exclusivement les ensembles électromécaniques dans lesquels la machine électrique est un moteur, notamment pour une application de traction automobile.  The invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to electromechanical assemblies in which the electric machine is a motor, in particular for an automobile traction application.
La liaison entre le moteur et le réducteur est source de vibrations, lesquelles provoquent du bruit, qu'il convient de réduire à un minimum.  The connection between the motor and the gearbox is a source of vibration, which causes noise, which should be reduced to a minimum.
FR 605 287 divulgue un moteur électrique à régulateur de vitesse comportant un pignon interposé entre deux arbres rapportés, engagés dans des alésages coniques du pignon.  FR 605 287 discloses an electric motor with a speed governor comprising a pinion interposed between two reported shafts, engaged in tapered bores of the pinion.
Il existe dans l'art antérieur différents modes de liaison entre un arbre et un pignon.  In the prior art there are different modes of connection between a shaft and a pinion.
Une première solution, illustrée à la figure 1, est de ne pas rapporter de pièces, mais d'avoir un arbre 1 dans lequel est taillée la denture du pignon 2, encore appelé « pignon arbré ».  A first solution, illustrated in Figure 1, is not to bring coins, but to have a shaft 1 in which is cut the teeth of pinion 2, also called "pinion tree".
Cette solution présente deux inconvénients.  This solution has two disadvantages.
Tout d'abord, la matière de l'arbre est généralement un acier à hautes propriétés mécaniques, coûteuse. Le fait de réaliser la denture du pignon de façon monolithique avec l'arbre augmente le coût d'usure du matériel d'usinage.  First, the material of the tree is generally a steel with high mechanical properties, expensive. Making the gear teeth monolithically with the shaft increases the cost of wear of the machining equipment.
Ensuite, le palier avant du moteur doit assurer une fonction d'étanchéité à l'huile. Par conséquent, le moteur comporte un joint 3 qui doit, pour permettre la mise en place de l'arbre, avoir un diamètre intérieur supérieur au diamètre extérieur du pignon. Or, il est problématique d'assurer une étanchéité sur un large diamètre, car la vitesse de contact augmente avec le rayon, et il ne faut pas dépasser une vitesse limite de fonctionnement sous peine d'échauffement excessif du joint.  Then, the front bearing of the engine must provide an oil seal function. Therefore, the engine has a seal 3 which must, to allow the establishment of the shaft, have an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the pinion. However, it is problematic to ensure a seal on a large diameter, because the speed of contact increases with the radius, and it must not exceed a limit speed of operation under penalty of excessive heating of the seal.
Un autre mode de liaison entre pignon et arbre, illustré à la figure 2, consiste à fretter une queue de pignon 4 dans l'arbre 1 ; cette disposition remédie au problème de coût de matière, autorisant l'usage de deux matières différentes pour le pignon et l'arbre.  Another way of connection between pinion and shaft, illustrated in Figure 2, is to fret a pinion tail 4 in the shaft 1; this arrangement alleviates the problem of cost of material, allowing the use of two different materials for the pinion and the shaft.
Toutefois, elle ne résout pas le problème d'étanchéité à haute vitesse précité, car l'arbre et le pignon sont assemblés avant montage de l'ensemble dans le reste de la machine électrique. De plus, pour assurer une transmission de couple suffisante, il est nécessaire d'avoir une longueur de recouvrement adéquate entre la queue du pignon et l'arbre, ce qui tend à accroître l'encombrement de l'ensemble. However, it does not solve the aforementioned high-speed sealing problem because the shaft and the pinion are assembled before assembly of the assembly in the rest of the electrical machine. In addition, to ensure sufficient torque transmission, it is necessary to have an adequate length of recovery between the tail of the pinion and the shaft, which tends to increase the overall size of the assembly.
Une autre solution, illustrée à la figure 3, consiste à utiliser un pignon creux 2, qui est rapporté sur l'arbre 1 après montage du joint d'étanchéité 3 et du roulement avant 5 de la machine. La tenue au couple du pignon sur l'arbre est alors assurée par serrage axial d'une vis 6 fixée en bout d'arbre.  Another solution, illustrated in Figure 3, is to use a hollow pinion 2, which is attached to the shaft 1 after mounting the seal 3 and the front bearing 5 of the machine. The torque resistance of the pinion on the shaft is then ensured by axial clamping of a screw 6 fixed at the end of the shaft.
Un inconvénient d'une telle solution est que la tenue au couple du pignon sur l'arbre, assurée par le serrage de la vis, est relativement limitée.  A disadvantage of such a solution is that the torque resistance of the pinion on the shaft, provided by the tightening of the screw, is relatively limited.
II existe par conséquent un besoin pour perfectionner encore la liaison entre une machine électrique et un réducteur associé, dans le but notamment de réduire au mieux les vibrations générées lors du fonctionnement de l'ensemble électromécanique ainsi constitué, tout en autorisant un fonctionnement à des vitesses de rotation élevées, par exemple de l'ordre de 10000 à 18000 rpm.  There is therefore a need to further improve the connection between an electric machine and an associated reducer, in particular to reduce the vibrations generated during the operation of the electromechanical assembly thus formed, while allowing operation at speeds of high rotation, for example of the order of 10000 to 18000 rpm.
L'invention atteint cet objectif grâce à une liaison entre un arbre d'une machine électrique, notamment un moteur, et un pignon d'un réducteur accouplé à la machine, qui se caractérise par le fait que le pignon présente un alésage conique engagé sur l'arbre et comporte une portion, appelée queue, engagée dans un roulement du réducteur.  The invention achieves this objective by virtue of a connection between a shaft of an electric machine, in particular a motor, and a gear of a gearbox coupled to the machine, which is characterized by the fact that the pinion has a conical bore engaged on the shaft and comprises a portion, called tail, engaged in a bearing of the reducer.
L'invention présente de multiples avantages.  The invention has many advantages.
Tout d'abord, elle permet de monter le pignon sur l'arbre déjà équipé du roulement avant et du joint d'étanchéité, et permet une transmission de couple élevée, l'arbre de la machine ne restant pas en porte-à-faux grâce au roulement du réducteur.  First, it allows to mount the pinion on the shaft already equipped with the front bearing and the seal, and allows a high torque transmission, the shaft of the machine does not remain in cantilever thanks to the gearbox bearing.
Ainsi, le diamètre intérieur du joint d'étanchéité de la machine peut être relativement faible, ce qui autorise un fonctionnement à des vitesses de rotation élevées.  Thus, the inner diameter of the seal of the machine can be relatively small, which allows operation at high rotational speeds.
Par ailleurs, l'alésage conique assure une reprise de couple élevée. In addition, the tapered bore ensures a high torque recovery.
Enfin, le fait d'usiner sur la même pièce constituée par le pignon à la fois l'alésage conique et la surface engagée dans le roulement diminue les défauts de concentricité à la fabrication et permet de minimiser les défauts d'excentration, sources de vibrations et de bruit. Finally, the fact of machining on the same part constituted by the pinion both the conical bore and the surface engaged in the bearing reduces the defects of concentricity in the manufacture and makes it possible to minimize the defects of eccentricity, sources of vibrations and noise.
De préférence, la queue du pignon définit la surface de roulement pour le roulement du réducteur. De préférence également, le pignon est traversé axialement par un élément axial utile à sa fixation sur l'arbre. Cet élément axial est par exemple une vis fixée en bout d'arbre, ou en variante une partie filetée monobloc avec l'arbre, la fixation s'effectuant alors à l'aide d'un écrou vissé sur celle-ci. Ainsi, le pignon peut être contraint axialement sur l'arbre de façon à obtenir la transmission de couple recherchée. Preferably, the tail of the pinion defines the rolling surface for rolling the gearbox. Also preferably, the pinion is traversed axially by an axial member useful for attachment to the shaft. This axial element is for example a screw fixed at the end of the shaft, or alternatively a threaded part monoblock with the shaft, the fixing then being effected with a nut screwed on it. Thus, the pinion can be axially constrained on the shaft so as to obtain the desired torque transmission.
La queue du pignon peut être traversée par un alésage cylindrique, dans lequel s'étend l'élément axial précité.  The tail of the pinion can be traversed by a cylindrical bore, in which the aforementioned axial element extends.
L'invention a encore pour objet un ensemble électromécanique comportant une machine accouplée à un réducteur, la transmission du couple entre le réducteur et la machine s'effectuant à l'aide d'une liaison selon l'invention, telle que définie plus haut.  The invention also relates to an electromechanical assembly comprising a machine coupled to a gearbox, the transmission of torque between the gearbox and the machine being effected by means of a connection according to the invention, as defined above.
L'invention a encore pour objet un véhicule équipé d'un tel ensemble électromécanique.  The invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with such an electromechanical assembly.
L'invention a encore pour objet un procédé de montage d'un réducteur sur une machine électrique, pour former une liaison selon l'invention, procédé dans lequel le pignon est fixé sur l'arbre du moteur pré-équipé d'un roulement et d'un joint, puis l'arbre ainsi équipé est engagé dans le réducteur.  The invention also relates to a method of mounting a gearbox on an electric machine, to form a connection according to the invention, in which method the pinion is fixed on the shaft of the engine pre-equipped with a bearing and of a joint, then the shaft thus equipped is engaged in the reducer.
L'invention a encore pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une liaison selon l'invention, dans lequel l'alésage conique et la partie engagée dans le roulement sont usinés sur la même machine, de façon à réduire les défauts d'excentration.  The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a connection according to the invention, wherein the conical bore and the part engaged in the bearing are machined on the same machine, so as to reduce eccentricity defects.
L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, et à l'examen du dessin annexé, sur lequel :  The invention may be better understood on reading the following detailed description and on examining the appended drawing, in which:
les figures 1 à 3, précédemment décrites, illustrent l'état de la technique, la figure 4 est une coupe axiale partielle d'un exemple d'ensemble électromécanique selon l'invention, et  FIGS. 1 to 3, previously described, illustrate the state of the art, FIG. 4 is a partial axial section of an example of an electromechanical assembly according to the invention, and
- la figure 5 représente un détail de la figure 4.  FIG. 5 represents a detail of FIG. 4.
On a représenté aux figures 5 et 6 un ensemble électromécanique 100 selon l'invention, comportant une machine électrique 10 accouplée à un réducteur 20.  FIGS. 5 and 6 show an electromechanical assembly 100 according to the invention, comprising an electric machine 10 coupled to a gearbox 20.
Dans l'exemple considéré, la machine électrique est un moteur électrique, capable de fonctionner à une vitesse de rotation élevée, notamment comprise entre 10000 et 18000 rpm. Ce moteur électrique est par exemple un moteur de traction d'un véhicule électrique ou hybride, étant par exemple monté en position centrale sous le capot ou directement au niveau des moyeux des roues. In the example considered, the electric machine is an electric motor, capable of operating at a high rotational speed, in particular between 10,000 and 18,000 rpm. This electric motor is for example a traction motor of an electric or hybrid vehicle, being for example mounted centrally under the hood or directly at the hubs of the wheels.
Le moteur 10 comporte un arbre 11 qui traverse un flasque avant 12 portant un roulement 13 et un joint d'étanchéité 14.  The motor 10 comprises a shaft 11 which passes through a front flange 12 carrying a bearing 13 and a seal 14.
Le réducteur 20 comporte un carter 21 qui est fixé à une bride 15 du flasque avant 12, par exemple par boulonnage. Le carter 21 présente une ouverture 28 dans laquelle l'arbre 11 est engagé.  The gearbox 20 comprises a housing 21 which is fixed to a flange 15 of the front flange 12, for example by bolting. The housing 21 has an opening 28 in which the shaft 11 is engaged.
Le réducteur 20 loge tout mécanisme de réduction ou de démultiplication convenant à l'application concernée. Ce mécanisme comporte un pignon 30, qui est un pignon d'entrée du réducteur dans l'exemple considéré, et qui engrène avec d'autres éléments du mécanisme, non apparents sur les figures 5 et 6.  The gearbox 20 houses any reduction or reduction mechanism suitable for the application concerned. This mechanism comprises a pinion 30, which is an input gear of the reducer in the example in question, and which meshes with other elements of the mechanism, not visible in FIGS. 5 and 6.
Ce pignon 30 comporte une partie élargie 31 sur laquelle est réalisée la denture 32, et une queue 33 monolithique avec la partie élargie 31 définissant une surface de roulement 34 pour un roulement 23 du réducteur 20, par exemple un roulement à aiguilles comme illustré. La denture 32 peut être de tout type, hélicoïdal, droit ou conique.  This pinion 30 has an enlarged portion 31 on which is formed the toothing 32, and a monolithic tail 33 with the enlarged portion 31 defining a rolling surface 34 for a bearing 23 of the gear 20, for example a needle bearing as illustrated. The toothing 32 can be of any type, helical, straight or conical.
L'arbre 10 présente en bout une portée conique 16 et la partie élargie 31 du pignon présente un alésage conique 35 adapté à s'emboîter sur le bout d'arbre de façon à permettre la transmission du couple entre l'arbre et le pignon, grâce au serrage axial du pignon 30 sur l'arbre 10 au moyen d'une vis 26 vissée dans l'arbre et dont la tête 27 vient en appui axial sur la tranche d'extrémité 37 du pignon.  The shaft 10 has at the end a conical bearing surface 16 and the enlarged portion 31 of the pinion has a conical bore 35 adapted to fit on the shaft end so as to allow the transmission of the torque between the shaft and the pinion, thanks to the axial clamping of the pinion 30 on the shaft 10 by means of a screw 26 screwed into the shaft and whose head 27 abuts axially on the end edge 37 of the pinion.
La vis 26 traverse la queue du pignon à la faveur d'un alésage axial cylindrique 38 de celui-ci.  The screw 26 passes through the pinion tail by means of a cylindrical axial bore 38 thereof.
L'extrémité 17 de l'arbre 10 ne vient pas en appui contre l'épaulement 39 formé à la jonction de l'alésage conique 35 et de l'alésage cylindrique 38, de façon à permettre un serrage axial du pignon sur l'arbre.  The end 17 of the shaft 10 does not bear against the shoulder 39 formed at the junction of the tapered bore 35 and the cylindrical bore 38, so as to allow axial clamping of the pinion on the shaft .
L'alésage conique est par exemple du type MORSE permettant un entraînement irréversible du pignon. La force appliquée pour le montage permet le passage du couple, et le fonctionnement en marche avant ou arrière ne permet pas de desserrer le pignon. La conicité est de préférence comprise entre 5 et 10% (10% correspond à un ½ angle au sommet de 2°5 Γ45"), mieux est de 10%, afin de minimiser la variation de positionnement axial du pignon 30 par rapport à un pignon d'un axe intermédiaire du réducteur avec lequel il engrène et ainsi garantir de bonnes conditions d'engrènement, de faibles usure et bruit, au niveau du réducteur. The tapered bore is for example of the MORSE type allowing irreversible drive of the pinion. The force applied to the mounting allows the passage of torque, and operation forward or backward does not allow to loosen the pinion. The taper is preferably between 5 and 10% (10% corresponds to a ½ angle at the top of 2 ° 5 Γ 45 "), better still 10%, in order to minimize the axial positioning variation of the pinion 30 with respect to a pinion of an intermediate axis of the gearbox with which it meshes and thus guarantee good meshing conditions, low wear and noise, at the gearbox.
Lors de la fabrication, on peut monter l'arbre 10 à travers le roulement avant 13 et le joint d'étanchéité 14.  During manufacture, the shaft 10 can be mounted through the front bearing 13 and the seal 14.
Ensuite, le pignon 30 peut être monté sur l'arbre 10 et fixé dessus grâce à la vis Then, the pinion 30 can be mounted on the shaft 10 and fixed on it by means of the screw
26. L'arbre 10 ainsi muni de son pignon 30 peut être engagé dans le réducteur 20 par l'ouverture 28 de celui-ci, et la bride de fixation 15 du flasque moteur assemblée au bâti 21 du réducteur. 26. The shaft 10 thus provided with its pinion 30 can be engaged in the gearbox 20 through the opening 28 thereof, and the clamping flange 15 of the motor flange assembled to the frame 21 of the gearbox.
L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple qui vient d'être décrit.  The invention is not limited to the example which has just been described.
L'expression « comportant un » doit être comprise comme étant synonyme de The phrase "with one" should be understood as synonymous with
« comprenant au moins un », sauf si le contraire est spécifié. "Including at least one", unless the opposite is specified.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Liaison entre un arbre (11) d'une machine électrique (10), notamment un moteur, et un pignon (30) d'un réducteur (20) accouplé à la machine, qui se caractérise par le fait que le pignon présente un alésage conique (31) engagé sur l'arbre et par le fait que le pignon comporte une queue (33) engagée dans un roulement (23) du réducteur. 1. Connection between a shaft (11) of an electric machine (10), in particular a motor, and a pinion (30) of a gearbox (20) coupled to the machine, characterized in that the pinion a conical bore (31) engaged on the shaft and in that the pinion comprises a tail (33) engaged in a bearing (23) of the gearbox.
2. Liaison selon la revendication 1, la queue (33) du pignon définissant la surface de roulement (23) pour le roulement du réducteur.  2. Link according to claim 1, the tail (33) of the pinion defining the running surface (23) for rolling gear reducer.
3. Liaison selon la revendication 1 ou 2, le pignon étant traversé axialement par un élément axial (26) utile à sa fixation sur l'arbre.  3. Connection according to claim 1 or 2, the pinion being traversed axially by an axial member (26) useful for its attachment to the shaft.
4. Liaison selon la revendication 3, l'élément axial étant une vis (26) fixée en bout d'arbre.  4. Link according to claim 3, the axial element being a screw (26) fixed at the end of the shaft.
5. Liaison selon la revendication 3 ou 4, la queue du pignon étant traversée par un alésage cylindrique, dans lequel s'étend l'élément axial (26) précité.  5. Connection according to claim 3 or 4, the tail of the pinion being traversed by a cylindrical bore, wherein extends the axial element (26) above.
6. Liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la conicité de l'alésage conique étant de 10%.  6. Connection according to any one of the preceding claims, the taper of the conical bore being 10%.
7. Liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, l'alésage conique (31) ayant été usiné sur la même machine qu'une surface (23) de la queue du pignon engagée dans le roulement.  7. Connection according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the conical bore (31) having been machined on the same machine as a surface (23) of the tail of the pinion engaged in the bearing.
8. Ensemble électromécanique comportant une machine accouplée à un réducteur, la transmission du couple entre le réducteur et la machine s 'effectuant à l'aide d'une liaison selon l'invention, telle que définie dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.  8. An electromechanical assembly comprising a machine coupled to a gearbox, the transmission of torque between the gearbox and the machine being effected by means of a connection according to the invention, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Véhicule équipé d'un ensemble électromécanique selon la revendication 8. 9. Vehicle equipped with an electromechanical assembly according to claim 8.
10. Procédé de montage d'un réducteur sur une machine électrique, pour former une liaison telle que définie dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, procédé dans lequel le pignon (30) est fixé sur l'arbre (11) du moteur alors que cet arbre est pré-équipé d'un roulement (13) et d'un joint (14), puis l'arbre ainsi équipé est engagé dans le réducteur (20). 10. A method of mounting a reducer on an electric machine, to form a connection as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pinion (30) is fixed on the shaft (11) of the engine while this shaft is pre-equipped with a bearing (13) and a seal (14), and the shaft thus equipped is engaged in the gear (20).
EP16712855.2A 2015-03-30 2016-03-25 Connection between a shaft of an electric machine and a reducing gear Withdrawn EP3278426A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1552649A FR3034585B1 (en) 2015-03-30 2015-03-30 CONNECTION BETWEEN AN ELECTRIC MACHINE SHAFT AND A REDUCER
PCT/EP2016/056729 WO2016156272A1 (en) 2015-03-30 2016-03-25 Connection between a shaft of an electric machine and a reducing gear

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3278426A1 true EP3278426A1 (en) 2018-02-07

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EP (1) EP3278426A1 (en)
CN (1) CN107466340A (en)
FR (1) FR3034585B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016156272A1 (en)

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FR3098453B1 (en) * 2019-07-12 2021-07-02 Renault Sas ELECTRIC MOTORIZATION FOR MOTOR VEHICLES AND PROCESS FOR MACHINING CASINGS

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FR3034585B1 (en) 2017-05-12
CN107466340A (en) 2017-12-12
FR3034585A1 (en) 2016-10-07
WO2016156272A1 (en) 2016-10-06

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