EP3224192B1 - Trolley for a lifting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a trolley for a hoist, with a arranged on a support frame hoist, mounted on the support frame wheels over which the trolley is movable on a carrier and of which at least a first impeller is mounted on an axis and the axis together with the impeller by means of a drive motor is driven.

From the German patent application DE 103 45 102 A1 a trolley of a crane is known, which is movable over a total of four wheels on and along a carrier. The wheels are arranged in the usual way from the top of the carrier seen in the corners of an imaginary rectangle. One of the four wheels is electrically powered. In order to safely transmit the driving forces of the driven impeller to the carrier, which also serves as a running rail, a pair of resiliently biased friction rollers is provided, via which the driven impeller is pulled onto the running rail. Alternatively, there is described that several of the wheels can be driven via the one drive or each separate traction drives.

The German patent application DE 1 803 471 A discloses a crane on the trolley a trolley is movable, which is driven by a linear motor. The moving part of the linear motor comprises a traction means designed as a belt or chain which is driven by the stationary part of the linear motor formed by induction coils. About the traction means of the linear motor two wheel axles are driven together with both wheels arranged on each wheel axle at both ends. The traction means is part of the linear motor and drivingly preceded the two wheel axles, so that both axles are driven jointly by the traction means.

In the FR 1 360 309 A a drive for the crane girder of a bridge crane is described, the wheels are drivingly connected by a chain-shaped traction means.

From the German patent application DE 10 2010 041 894 A1 In addition, a conveyor with a trolley is known, the drive has a belt transmission.

The present invention has for its object to provide a trolley of a crane, which ensures a reliable transmission of the driving forces between the impeller and the rail.

The object is achieved by a trolley of a crane with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 9.

According to the invention, in a trolley for a hoist, with a mounted on a support frame hoist, mounted on the support frame wheels over which the trolley is movable on a carrier and of which at least a first impeller is mounted on an axis and the axis together with the impeller by means of a drive motor is driven, wherein the drivable first impeller has a circumferential tread and the tread is configured and arranged so that it is in the process of trolley on the carrier in contact with the carrier, a reliable transmission of the driving forces between the impeller and Driving rail thereby ensures that the drivable first impeller is drivingly connected to at least one of the other wheels via a traction means such that the axis between the traction motor and the traction means arranged and thus the traction means of the axle is drivingly connected downstream, so that the train can be driven by the axis medium, and the tread is in the process of the trolley on the carrier outside the traction means in contact with the carrier. This embodiment has a simple structural design and allows even at relatively large distances of the wheels to simply drive to connect and transfer the corresponding driving forces. Also, the traction means, if this is frictionally formed, prevents any overloading of the chassis, as this easily slips in case of overload. By driving the trolley over at least two wheels, the driving forces are transmitted to the safety rail safer. Thus, a smooth movement of the trolley can be achieved even in harsh operating situations. Also, a slipping of the wheels and thus minimizing their wear. Furthermore, the traction means increases the smoothness of the driven wheels.

The use of the traction means is particularly simple in construction when the driven first impeller and the at least one of the further impellers, viewed in the direction of travel of the trolley, are arranged one behind the other and on a common side of the carrier.

It is preferably provided that the second impeller can be driven by the driven first impeller via the traction means. As a result, sufficient traction is achieved for the majority of operating cases.

In a preferred embodiment, the traction means is designed as a V-ribbed belt. The V-ribbed belt enables safe and slip-resistant transmission of the drive forces.

In terms of design, it is provided that the driven wheels are drivingly assigned in each case a Zugmittelscheibe and the traction means rotates about the Zugmittelscheiben.

A particularly compact and simple design results from the fact that the driven wheels and the associated pulley are each formed in one piece. It is particularly advantageous that the pulley each adjacent to the running surface of the driven wheels.

In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the driven wheels and the associated pulley are drivingly connected to each other via a motor shaft or an axis. The traction means thus extends on the back of the first side member and thus on its side facing away from the carrier. As a result, the traction mechanism is protected from any contamination caused by the process of the trolley on the carrier.

To increase the traction of the driven wheels, these are acted upon by spring-biased friction rollers in the direction of serving as a rail carrier.

• Figur 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Laufkatze eines Krans,
• Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Laufkatze gemäß Figur 1 jedoch ohne Zugmittel,
• Figur 3 eine Vorderansicht der Laufkatze gemäß Figur 1,
• Figur 4 eine Detailansicht der Laufkatze gemäß Figur 1,
• Figur 5a eine Schnittansicht eines antreibenden Laufrads,
• Figur 5b eine Schnittansicht eines angetriebenen Laufrads,
• Figur 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Laufkatze eines Krans in einer zweiten Ausführungsform und
• Figur 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Laufkatze in einer dritten Ausführungsform für ein als Kettenzug ausgebildetes Hebezeug.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments, which are illustrated in a drawing. Show it:

• FIG. 1 a perspective view of a trolley of a crane,
• FIG. 2 a plan view of the trolley according to FIG. 1 but without traction,
• FIG. 3 a front view of the trolley according to FIG. 1 .
• FIG. 4 a detailed view of the trolley according to FIG. 1 .
• FIG. 5a a sectional view of a driving wheel,
• FIG. 5b a sectional view of a driven impeller,
• FIG. 6 a perspective view of a trolley of a crane in a second embodiment and
• FIG. 7 a perspective view of a trolley in a third embodiment of a hoist designed as a chain hoist.

The FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a trolley 1 of a bridge crane, not shown. For the sake of clarity, a usual way horizontally extending support 2 (see FIG. 3 ), on which the trolley moves, and a load hook not shown. The trolley 1 is over a total of four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d, each with the same diameter along the carrier 2, in particular in the longitudinal direction, movable. The wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d are arranged in the usual way from the top of the carrier 2 in the corners of an imaginary rectangle (see also FIG. 2 ). Of the four impellers 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d, a first impeller 3a and a second impeller 3b are commonly driven by an electric traction motor 4. In the direction of travel F of the trolley 1 and thus seen in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2, the first impeller 3a and the second impeller 3b at a distance from each other and arranged one behind the other. The third and fourth opposing the first and second impellers 3a and 3b, respectively Impellers 3c and 3d are not driven and freely rotatable. All wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d are rotatably mounted on a support frame 5 of the trolley 1 about horizontal and mutually parallel or aligned with each other axes. The axes are horizontal, assuming that the treads of the carrier 2 are horizontal.

The inherently rigid support frame 5 of the trolley 1 is composed of several components, which are explained in more detail below. In the direction of travel F of the trolley 1 and thus seen in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2, the support frame 5 is U-shaped. In order to store the four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d in a vehicle-like manner, the support frame 5 has four rectangular bearing brackets 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d, of which in each case the first and third bearing brackets 5a and 5c lying opposite each other with respect to the carrier 2 are connected to each other at their lower ends with a first cross member 6a and the opposite second and fourth bearing brackets 5b and 5d at their lower ends with a second cross member 6b (see FIG. 2 ) are connected. The thus resulting two U-shaped front and rear bearing parts are then connected to the support frame 5 via first and second longitudinal members 5e and 5f, which extend in the direction of travel F of the trolley 1. Here, the first side member 5e connects the first and second bearing brackets 5a and 5b, and the second side member 5f connects the third and fourth bearing brackets 5c and 5d. In the present embodiment, a arranged on the support frame 5 of the trolley 1 lifting 7 takes over the function of the second longitudinal member 5f. The first and second cross beams 6a and 6b are formed as tubes on which the first and second bearing brackets 5a and 5b are slidable and fixable to adjust the trolley 1 to the width of the beam 2 and to be mounted thereon.

Furthermore, the FIG. 1 can be seen that the first mounted on the first bearing bracket 5a impeller 3a is driven by an electric traction motor 4, which is flanged to the first impeller 3a opposite end of the first bearing bracket 5a via a driving gear 9. The axes of rotation of the drive motor 4 and the first impeller 3a are parallel to each other or aligned with each other.

The movable by means of the trolley 1 in the direction of travel F and thus in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 hoist 7 consists in the usual way of an electric Lifting motor 7a, which acts on a cable drum 7c via a screw jack 7b and is preferably designed as a cable pull. Overall, the lifting mechanism 7 has a compact C-shaped form. Here, the lifting motor 7a is disposed below the cable drum 7c, wherein the axes of rotation run parallel and in the direction of travel F. The screw jack 7b connects the lifting motor 7a and the cable drum 7c to each other at a rear end viewed in the direction of travel F. If the carrier 2 is, for example, part of a bridge crane, the carrier 2 can be moved transversely to its longitudinal extension via traction drives arranged on the carrier 2 at both ends. As a result, then the trolley 1 is additionally movable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 with the lifting mechanism 7 arranged thereon. This is a movement of the hoist in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 by means of the trolley 1, regardless of any additional possible movement transverse to the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 by means of the possible drives for the carrier. 2

In order to drive the second impeller 3b in addition to the first impeller 3a, the first impeller 3a and the second impeller 3b are drivingly connected to each other via a traction means 10. The traction means 10 is circumferentially guided around a first pulley 11a and a second pulley 11b, which are respectively associated with the first and second impellers 3a and 3b and have the same effective diameter. In other words, the traction means 10 is arranged outside the traction motor 4 and thus the drive motor 4 and the axis on which the driven first impeller 3a is mounted, drivingly connected downstream, so that the traction means 10 is driven by the corresponding axis. The traction means 10 thus does not drive the axis of the first impeller 3a, but it is driven by it. The traction means 10 drives by the drive connection thus only the axis on which the second impeller 3b is mounted. The first and second pulleys 11a and 11b may be supported on the axles of the first and second wheels 3a and 3b, and may thus be disposed adjacent to, or remote from, the wheels 3a and 3b or directly on the first and second wheels 3a and 3b be attached. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the first and second traction pulleys 11a and 11b are each an integral part of the first and second impellers 3a and 3b. The traction means 10 is preferably formed as a V-ribbed belt and the first and second traction pulley 11a and 11b respectively as profiled V-ribbed pulleys. It is also conceivable, as traction means 10 positive traction means such as timing belt and To use roller chains or friction traction means such as V-belts, flat belts and round belts. The first and second pulley discs 11a and 11b are then formed complementary to the respectively selected traction means 10.

Also, the first and second cross beams 6a and 6b are extended beyond the first and third bearing brackets 5a and 5c to receive an electrical terminal box 8 at the end thereof opposite to the hoist gear 7.

In the FIG. 1 a trolley is shown, which is designed as a so-called Einschienenkatze with a short height. This design is characterized by its compact and space-saving design. Here, the lifting mechanism 7 seen in the direction of travel F is arranged laterally next to the carrier 2, so that the load hook 13 (see FIG. 3 ) can be raised as high as possible under the carrier 2. This results in relation to the center of the carrier 2, a lateral displacement of the mass-center of gravity of the hoist 7. This results in the process of trolley 1 without payload the risk that the driven first and second wheels 3a and 3b, which are the hoist 7 opposite be relieved, take off and / or slip. A comparable operating situation can arise due to a load hook hanging and swinging on the load hook. In order to avoid the relieving, lifting and slipping, the first and second wheels 3a and 3b are respectively associated with pairs of resiliently biased friction rollers 12, which pull the first and second wheels 3a and 3b onto the carrier 2 serving as a running rail 2a. The axes of the four friction rollers 12 are aligned parallel to the axes of the four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d. Each of the four friction rollers 12 is pivotally mounted on the first cross member 6a and second cross member 6b via a lever 12a. The levers 12a of a pair of friction rollers 12 are held by a common adjustable spring element 12b in a prestressed v-shaped position, in which the friction rollers 12 are pressed from below on serving as a rail 2a carrier 2. In this case, viewed transverse to the direction of travel F, the friction rollers 12 are arranged in front of and behind the respective first or second impeller 3a and 3b and arranged in the direction of travel F below the respective first or second impeller 3a and 3b. It is also possible to provide a counterweight instead of the friction rollers 12 and to balance the trolley 1 accordingly.

In the FIG. 2 is a plan view of the trolley 1 according to FIG. 1 shown. For reasons of clarity, however, the traction means 10 between the first and second wheels 3a and 3b has not been shown. From this top view, the vehicle-like arrangement of the four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d in the vertices of an imaginary rectangle can be seen.

The FIG. 3 shows a front view of the trolley 1 according to FIG. 1 , in addition to the carrier 2 and a load hook 13 is located. For reasons of clarity, however, the hoisting rope has been omitted. The carrier 2 is designed as a double-T-carrier, the horizontal lower flange serves as a running rail 2a. On the running rail 2a, the wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d roll off and at the bottom of the running rail 2a, the rolling rollers 12 rolling there are pressed. The carrier 2 may also be formed as a box girder, which has a cross section with opposite slide rails 2a for the wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d and the friction rollers 12.

A detailed view of the trolley 1 according to FIG. 1 from the region of the traction means 10 is in FIG. 4 shown. The traction means 10 drives the second impeller 3b via the first impeller 3a. It goes without saying that an unillustrated and adjustable tensioning device for the traction means 10 must be present. For this a conceivable role is conceivable.

The FIG. 5a shows a sectional view of the driving first impeller 3a. The impeller 3a has in a conventional manner a circumferential tread 3e, with which the trolley 1 is in contact on the support 2. Adjacent to the running surface 3e, specifically at its side facing the bearing bracket 5a, the traction sheave 11a in the form of a widened running surface 3e adjoins. In a design of the traction device 10 as a V-ribbed belt, corresponding v-shaped grooves are incorporated into the peripheral surface of the traction pulley 11a in a complementary configuration to the number and shape of the ribs on the V-ribbed belt. The first pulley 11a and the first impeller 3a are thus integrally formed.

In the FIG. 5b is a sectional view of the driven second impeller 3b, which is one of the FIG. 5a corresponding embodiment of the second Pulley 11 b can be seen. The FIGS. 5a and 5b differ in the storage of the wheels 3a, 3b, since the first impeller 3a is driven via a motor shaft 4a and the second impeller 3b freely rotates about an axis 3f. Under motor shaft 4a here is the output shaft of the transmission 9 to understand.

The FIG. 6 a perspective view of a trolley 1 of a crane in a second embodiment. This embodiment is substantially identical to the trolley 1 described above, so that the description of the FIGS. 1 to 3 Reference is made. This embodiment differs from that described above by the arrangement of the first and second pulley discs 11a, 11b on the rear side of the first and second bearing brackets 5a, 5b. The reverse side is understood to be the side of the bearing brackets 5a, 5b facing away from the carrier 2. The first and second pulley 11a, 11b are thus mounted on the motor shaft 4a and the axis 3f. Accordingly, the first and second traction pulleys 11a, 11b are supported separately from the first and second wheels 3a, 3b on the motor shaft 4a and the shaft 3f. The traction means 10 thus runs on the back of the first longitudinal member 5e, the first and second bearing brackets 5a, 5b and is thus protected from any contamination caused by the method of the trolley 1 on the support 2.

The FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a trolley 1 in a third embodiment of a hoist designed as a chain hoist, which is not shown for reasons of clarity. The design of the trolley 1 is comparable with respect to the essential components with the two trolleys 1 described above. The essential difference lies in a shorter wheelbase of the four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d, of which only the first and second wheels 3a, 3b is visible. The opposing third and fourth wheels 3c, 3d are covered by the serving as a rail 2a carrier 2. Due to the short wheelbase and a more compact design of the support frame 5 is possible, seen in the direction of travel F on the right side of the carrier 2 instead of a first bearing bracket, a second bearing bracket and a first side member a first side part 5g and seen in the direction of travel F on the left Side of the carrier 2 instead of a third bearing bracket, a fourth bearing bracket and a second side member has a second side part 5h. The first and second side parts 5g, 5h are used to support the four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d and are connected via a single tubular or rod-shaped cross member 6a at their lower ends to the U-shaped support frame 5. The in the FIG. 6 Trolley 1 shown is also referred to as Unterflanschfahrwerk, since the four wheels 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d roll on serving as a running rail 2a lower flange of the carrier 2. Centered on the cross member 6a then the chain hoist is suspended, which is movable over the trolley 1 along the carrier.

Also in this third embodiment, the first and second wheels 3a, 3b are driven in common via an electric traction motor 4. The traction motor 4 is drivingly connected to the first impeller 3a through a gear 9 flanged to the right side member 5g. According to the second embodiment, a first and a second pulley 11a, 11b are arranged on the back of the first side part 5g, which are connected via respective shafts with the on the opposite side of the first side part 5g arranged first and second wheels 3a, 3b drivingly connected. Again, the first and the second pulley 11a, 11b are drivingly connected to each other via a circulating and designed as a toothed belt 10 traction means. For the sake of clarity is in the FIG. 7 a cover for the traction means 10 and the Zugmittelscheiben 11a, 11b have been omitted. This cover is arranged between the first side part 5g and the transmission 9.

The present invention generally for use in trolleys 1 for hoists of any kind and not only for the above-described single-rail cat in a short design and chain hoists.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

trolley

2

carrier

2a

running rail

3a

first impeller

3b

second impeller

3c

third wheel

3d

fourth wheel

3e

tread

3f

axis

4

electric traction motor

4a

motor shaft

5

supporting frame

5a

first storage console

5b

second warehouse console

5c

third warehouse console

5d

fourth warehouse console

5e

first side member

5f

second side member

5g

first side part

5h

second side part

6a

first cross member

6b

second cross member

7

hoist

7a

Lifting motor

7b

screw jack

7c

cable drum

8th

electrical connection box

9

Travel gear

10

traction means

11a

first pulley

11b

second pulley

12

friction rollers

12a

lever

12b

spring element

13

load hook

F

direction of travel

Claims (9)

1. Trolley (1) for lifting gear, comprising a lifting mechanism (7) arranged on a support frame (5) and comprising running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) which are mounted on the support frame (5) and via which the trolley (1) can be moved on a beam (2) and of which at least one first running wheel (3a) is mounted on an axle and the axle can be driven together with the running wheel (3a) by means of a drive motor (4), wherein the drivable first running wheel (3a) has a circumferential running surface (3e) and the running surface (3e) is designed and arranged such that it is in contact with the beam (2) when the trolley (1) moves on the beam (2), characterised in that the drivable first running wheel (3a) is drivingly connected to at least one of the further running wheels (3b, 3c, 3d) via a traction mechanism (10) such that the axle is arranged between the drive motor (4) and the traction mechanism (10) and thus the traction mechanism (10) is drivingly connected downstream of the axle, so that the traction mechanism (10) can be driven by the axle, and the running surface (3e) is in contact with the beam (2) when the trolley (1) moves on the beam (2) outside of the traction mechanism (10).
2. Trolley (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the driven first running wheel (3a) and the at least one of the further running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) are arranged, as seen in the direction of travel (F) of the trolley (1), one behind the other and on a common side of the beams (2).
3. Trolley (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second running wheel (3b) can be driven by the driven first running wheel (3a) via the traction mechanism (10).
4. Trolley (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the traction mechanism (10) is designed as a V-ribbed belt.
5. Trolley (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that in each case a traction mechanism disk (11a, 11b) is drivingly allocated to the driven running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) and the traction mechanism (10) rotates about the traction mechanism disks (11a, 11b).
6. Trolley (1) as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the driven running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) and the associated traction mechanism disk (11a, 11b) are each formed in one piece.
7. Trolley (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the traction mechanism disk (11a, 11b) adjoins the respective running surface (3e) of the driven running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d).
8. Trolley (1) as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the driven running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) and the associated traction mechanism disk (11a, 11b) are drivingly connected to one another in each case by means of a motor shaft (4a) or an axle (3f).
9. Trolley (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the driven running wheels (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) are acted upon via resiliently biased friction rollers (12) in the direction of the beam (2) serving as the travel rail.

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