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EP3188961A1 - Surfboard fin having a rearwardly offset bearing surface - Google Patents

Surfboard fin having a rearwardly offset bearing surface

Info

Publication number
EP3188961A1
EP3188961A1 EP15763043.5A EP15763043A EP3188961A1 EP 3188961 A1 EP3188961 A1 EP 3188961A1 EP 15763043 A EP15763043 A EP 15763043A EP 3188961 A1 EP3188961 A1 EP 3188961A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edge
fin
arm
drift
main body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15763043.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3188961B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Lopez
Xabi LAFITTE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3188961A1 publication Critical patent/EP3188961A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3188961B1 publication Critical patent/EP3188961B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B32/00—Water sports boards; Accessories therefor
    • B63B32/60—Board appendages, e.g. fins, hydrofoils or centre boards
    • B63B32/64—Adjustable, e.g. by adding sections, by removing sections or by changing orientation or profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B32/00—Water sports boards; Accessories therefor
    • B63B32/60—Board appendages, e.g. fins, hydrofoils or centre boards
    • B63B32/62—Board appendages, e.g. fins, hydrofoils or centre boards characterised by the material, e.g. laminated materials; characterised by their manufacturing process

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drift for surfboard, and a surfboard equipped with such a drift.
  • the gliding boards on the water also called surfboards, generally have one or more fins arranged vertically in the rear, comprising, starting from the front, a leading edge forming a convex curvature which descends 'tilts backwards, then a lower edge substantially forming a point, which then rises to the rear by the trailing edge generally forming a concave curvature.
  • the fins are vertical planes which have in the longitudinal direction a good penetration into the water to reduce the drag and braking of the board, and in the lateral direction a high resistance limiting the transverse movement.
  • the surfer can thus control the trajectory of the board, by giving this board with his feet an orientation that will substantially form his direction of advancement.
  • the fins of this type can equip all types of surfboard for different sports gliding on the water.
  • the known drifts are relatively compact sets and not flexible laterally, which tends to limit in all circumstances the lateral drift of the rear part of the board.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first fin 4 comprising a first edge 20 fitted under a board 2, forming the boundary with the anchoring part 16.
  • a first inclination axis 30 is defined which starts from the center 36 of the first edge 20, to reach the point of contact 28 of the lower edge 24 with the horizontal line H.
  • Figure 3 shows a second fin 4 having a shorter shape in the longitudinal direction.
  • the convex curves of the leading edge 22 and the concave edge of the trailing edge 26 are more pronounced.
  • the first angle of inclination 32 of the first inclination axis 30 is in this example 27 °.
  • the rear end of the fin 4 forms a rear tip 34 connecting the lower edge 24 and the trailing edge 26.
  • the first inclination angle 32 the main axis of inclination 30 rarely exceeds 45 °.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show commercial fins 4 having a main body 12, and a rear tip 34 protruding rearward of the main body 12, which is very high.
  • the main body 12 is fitted into a main rectangle 40 including a small side which corresponds to the first edge 20 of the fin.
  • a second inclination angle 44 is defined, also referred to as the "sweep angle", the angle made by the straight line passing through the middle 36 of the first edge 20 and the upper right corner of the main rectangle 40, with respect to the perpendicular axis 0 °.
  • a third inclination angle 52 is defined, also called a "rake" angle, the angle that is made with respect to the perpendicular axis 0 °, the line 48 passing through the rear end 38 of the first edge 20, and the middle 50 of the rear edge of the tip 34, which is in contact with its rectangle 46.
  • the drift shown in FIG. 5 has a second angle of inclination 44 of 17 °, and a third angle of inclination 52 of 35 °.
  • a drift for surfboard intended to be fixed alone or with other fins under the board, comprising a main body which comprises a first edge in contact with the board when said drift is fixed on the board, at the front a leading edge and at the rear a trailing edge, a rear curvature connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge, the trailing edge comprising a frontmost point located at the front, characterized in that the main body extends rearwardly by an arm extending from a straight line perpendicular to the first edge and passing through the front point of the trailing edge to the rear curvature, said arm having a length greater than about 8 cm.
  • the rear part of the arm forms a bearing surface which is remote from the main body of the fin, which makes it possible to obtain greater flexion between the rear part of the arm and the main body of the fin which is connected to the board and which is very little flexible.
  • the drift according to the invention provides at the end of the turn a propulsion effect and an acceleration. It is possible to modulate arm flexion by adjusting the arm length, dimensions, geometry and shapes of the bearing surface (s) at the back of the arm.
  • the drift according to the invention makes it possible, under the effect of the speed and the inclination of the board induced by the surfer in the trajectory, to generate a lateral torsion of the arm to its rear end according to an axis perpendicular to the first edge and passing through the plane of the main body (perpendicular to the board) which increases control during the curve and restores propulsion at the end of the trajectory when the surfer releases his support.
  • the arm comprises a reduction in height, the arm comprising at the rear of the height reduction a bearing surface with a height greater than the reduction in height. This feature enhances flexibility.
  • the reduction in height is between 2 and 4 cm and / or the support surface has a height of between 3 and 5 cm.
  • the support surface is spaced apart from the board by a distance greater than about 7 cm.
  • the support surface retains a function of limiting the lateral drift of the board even when it is strongly detached from the water, in particular in the jumps.
  • this rear part away from the board also allows to get the energy of the swell in depth.
  • the rear part of the arm is positioned outside the turbulence that appear on the surface or along the board.
  • the arm has a total length of between about 10 and 20 cm.
  • the arm comprises at the rear at least one fin.
  • the surfboard fin according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, which may be combined with one another.
  • the drift may have a first angle of inclination formed between a tilt axis passing through the center of the first edge and by a central point of a lower edge of the fin (s) and an axis perpendicular to the first edge, which is greater than substantially 45 °.
  • the drift may have a second angle of inclination formed between a tilt axis passing through the center of the first edge and a point of inflection of the leading edge and an axis perpendicular to the first edge, which is greater at substantially 26 °.
  • the drift may have a third angle of inclination formed between a tilting axis passing through the rear end of the first edge and by the rearmost point of the rear curvature and the axis perpendicular to the first edge, which is greater than substantially 40 °.
  • the horizontal rectangle starting from the perpendicular standing at the rear end of the upper edge, in which the arm and the fins are fitted, has a ratio of the length to the width greater than about 2. This configuration makes it possible to reinforce the dynamic effect of drift.
  • the fin may comprise a fin protruding from the arm downwards.
  • the fin has a fin inclined relative to the plane of the main body of the fin.
  • the fin may comprise two fins arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane of the main body of the fin. Some resistance of the drift to vertical movements is obtained.
  • the fin may comprise a third fin disposed in the plane of the main body of the fin.
  • the invention also relates to a surfboard equipped with at least one fin according to one of the preceding characteristics.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a surfboard having a fin according to the invention disposed behind a fin according to the prior art
  • Figures 2 to 5 show criteria for measuring four fins according to the prior art
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show criteria for measuring two fins according to the invention, having a long length
  • FIG. 8 presents criteria for measuring a drift according to the invention, comprising a small length
  • Figures 9a and 9b show fiber reinforcement of a fin according to the invention
  • Figures 10, 11a and 12 are diagrams of three types of fins according to the invention seen from the front, respectively comprising a single vertical fin, a double inclined fin and a triple fin;
  • Figures 11b and 11c are respectively side and top views of the drift shown in Figure 11a;
  • Figures 13a, 13b and 13c are respectively a diagram seen from the front, and drawings seen from the side and from the front, of a fin having an inclined fin;
  • Figures 14a, 14b, 14c are respectively side, top and rear views of a fin having a curved double fin;
  • FIGS. 16a, 16b and 16c are respectively side, top and rear views of a drift comprising a double flat fin
  • FIG. 17A is a side view of a fin configured to removably receive fins
  • FIG. 17B is a top view of fins configured to be mounted on the drift visible in Figure 17A,
  • 17C and 17D are views of the faces of a fin equipped with removable fins in two configurations.
  • FIG. 1 shows a surfboard 2 having a front end rising upwards to slide on a wave, and at the rear successively in the longitudinal axis a drift according to the prior art 4, and a drift according to the invention 10.
  • the fin according to the invention comprises a main body before 12 which is extended upwards by an anchoring part 16 entering the board for fixing, and whose lower edge is extended towards the rear by a substantially horizontal arm 14, ending in a fin 18 protruding from this arm downwards.
  • Figure 6 shows a fin 10 having the leading edge 22 of the main body 12 which extends after its convex curvature by a lower arm edge 60 which is substantially horizontal.
  • the lower edge of arm 60 is extended by a concave curvature 62, and then continues by a substantially horizontal lower edge 24 of a fin 18, which is lower.
  • the arm 14 forming a substantially straight structure extending towards the rear, fixed to the base of the main body 12, then the fin 18 descending below this arm, which has a relatively large lateral flexibility thanks to the flexion of the arm that supports it.
  • FIG. 7 shows a fin 10, comprising a shorter arm 14, having a reduced length of approximately half compared with the drift visible in FIG. to give an order of magnitude, the drift visible in Figure 6 has an arm having a length greater than or equal to about 50 cm (or 20 inches).
  • the drift visible in FIG. 7 has an arm having a length of less than or equal to about 25 cm (or 10 inches) and preferably between about 10 and 20 cm (about 4 and 8 inches).
  • the first angle of inclination 32 is 65 ° for the drift shown in FIG. 6 and 50 ° for that shown in FIG. 7, which is greater than the limit of 45 ° which is not substantially exceeded on the drifts. known 4.
  • Figure 8 shows a fin 10 having a second inclination angle 44 of 27 °, and a third inclination angle 52 of 50 °.
  • the fins 10 according to the invention can be made by any known method, in particular by machining a blank, for example wood, or by molding.
  • composite materials comprising a reinforcement such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, or synthetic flax fiber, and a matrix such as a polyester or epoxy resin.
  • the selected materials are distributed according to a particular arrangement, to obtain the desired flexibility for each part giving the dynamic characteristics that one wishes to obtain from the drift.
  • FIG. 9a shows a fin 10 having inside the main body before 12 carbon reinforcing fibers 70, ending in a point that ends slightly above the lower edge. This internal reinforcement gives a certain flexibility.
  • FIG. 9b shows carbon reinforcing fibers 72 forming on each side an outer horizontal strip, which extends over the entire length of the fin at an average height of the arm 14. It is obtained by these reinforcements external strong lateral stiffness. For example, it is possible to stiffen in this way the fins with a very long arm so as to obtain a very long and stiff support surface. This feature increases the ability of the board to keep a straight line in very large waves.
  • Figure 10 shows a fin 10 having a single fin 18 remaining in the same plane as the main body 12 of the fin.
  • Figures 11a, 11b and 11c show a fin 10 having a double fin 18 comprising two fins 80 inclined downwards, forming a "V" in front view.
  • Figure 12 shows a fin 10 having a triple fin 18 comprising two fins 82 disposed flat in opposition, and a third fin 88 in the plane of the main body 12, facing downwards.
  • the fins 18 shown in Figure 11a and 12 having a horizontal component, ensures the board a certain holding in the vertical direction that keeps it in contact with water.
  • Figures 13a, 13b and 13c show a fin 10 having a fin 90 having its portion disposed below the arm 14, which is slightly inclined at the side with respect to the plane of the main body 12.
  • the inclination is in this example 45 ° in relation to the vertical plane. In general, the inclination can be between 15 and 75 °.
  • Figures 14a, 14b and 14c show a fin 10 having a double fin 18 comprising two fins 84 fixed horizontally in opposition to the base of the arm 14, which are bent upwardly outwardly.
  • This drift design is more particularly adapted to the boards allowing the practice of standing surf at the front of the board ("nose-ride" in English).
  • Figure 15 shows a fin 10 having a double fin 18 with two fins 84 fixed in opposition at the top of the arm 14, forming an "V" open upwards.
  • Figures 16a, 16b and 16c show a fin 10 having a triple fin 18 with two fins 82 fixed horizontally in opposition to the base of the arm 14.
  • the arm 14 disposed in a vertical plane, is extended by a boss on a part of the length of the fin 18, forming a third fin 88 facing upwards.
  • the triple fin 18 thus has a resistance both in the vertical direction with the two horizontal fins 82, and in the horizontal direction with the third fin 88.
  • the horizontal fins allow a counter-support at the back of the surfboard that allows the surfer to position himself at the front of the board while sliding on the face of the wave without baking.
  • different fin shapes can be associated with an arm 14 of suitable length and flexibility, to obtain a particular dynamic behavior of the board that is suitable for the surfer and the conditions of the sea.
  • the fins 18 are connected to the rest of the fin removably.
  • the arm 14 comprises a substantially horizontal slot 92 which opens towards the front of the fin.
  • the fin 18 comprises a slot 94 disposed in the median position, which delimits two fins 96, 96 'and which opens towards the rear of the fin 18.
  • the slots 92 and 94 are dimensioned in a suitable manner to allow a assembly of the fin 18 to the rest of the drift by interlocking.
  • the fin 18 may be flat or formed a V, the slot 94 being positioned at the edge of the V.
  • the fin 18 can be integrated into the arm 14.
  • the fin has a main body 12 which comprises a first edge 20 in contact with the board when the fin is attached to the board, in front a leading edge 22 and a rear edge 26, a rear curvature 27 connecting the leading edge 22 and the trailing edge 26.
  • the main body 12 is extended rearwardly by an arm 14 which extends from a straight line perpendicular to the first edge 20 and passing through the front point of the trailing edge 26 to the rear curvature 27, the arm 14 having a length L greater than about 8 cm (about 3 inches).
  • the length L is between 12 and 18 cm (approximately between 5 and 7 inches) to obtain a suitable flexibility for acceleration and driving the board.
  • the point before the trailing edge 26 corresponds to the rear point 38 of the first edge 20 in the case of the variants visible in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the front point 31 of the trailing edge 26 is shifted forward with respect to the rearward point 38.
  • the length L of the arm corresponds to the dimension of the arm parallel to the first edge 20.
  • the rear part of the arm 14 forms a bearing surface connected by the arm 14 to the main body 12 shifted rearwardly, which makes it possible to obtain flexibility along an axis perpendicular to the first edge 20 and passing through the plane of the main body 12 (perpendicular to the board 2).
  • the arm 14 comprises a height reduction 33, the portion of the arm and / or the bearing surface 35 located at the rear of the height reduction having a height greater than said reduction.
  • the height of the arm corresponds to the dimension of the arm perpendicular to the first edge 20.
  • the reduction in height is of the order of 2 to 4 cm.
  • the bearing surface 35 has a height of between 3 and 5 cm greater than the reduction in height.
  • the bearing surface 35 is spaced apart from the board by a distance greater than about 7 cm.
  • the leading edge comprises a point of inflection 29.
  • a point of inflection corresponds to a point at which the leading edge crosses the tangent to the point of inflection.
  • the leading edge 24 may comprise a rectilinear portion, the leading edge having a convex curvature at the front of the rectilinear portion and a concave curvature at the back. In this case, the point of inflection corresponds to the point before the rectilinear portion.
  • a line passing through the rear end 38 of the first edge 20 and the point of inflection 29 of the leading edge 22 is perpendicular to the first edge 20.

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Abstract

The subject of the invention is a surfboard fin, having a main body (12) which comprises a first edge (20) in contact with the board when said fin is fixed to the board, a leading edge (22) at the front and a trailing edge (26) at the rear, a rear curvature connecting the leading edge (22) and the trailing edge (26), the trailing edge (26) comprising a forwardmost tip (31), characterized in that the main body (12) is extended towards the rear by an arm (14) which extends from a straight line perpendicular to the first edge (20) and passing through the tip of the trailing edge (26) as far as the rear curvature, said arm (14) having a length greater than about 8 cm.

Description

DERIVE POUR PLANCHE DE SURF COMPORTANT UNE SURFACE D'APPUI DECALEE VERS l'ARRIERE  SURFBOARD DERIVATIVE COMPRISING A SUPPORT SURFACE DECALED TO THE BACK
La présente invention concerne une dérive pour planche de surf, ainsi qu'une planche de surf équipée d'une telle dérive. The present invention relates to a drift for surfboard, and a surfboard equipped with such a drift.
Les planches de glisse sur l'eau appelées aussi planches de surf, comportent généralement vers l'arrière une ou plusieurs dérives disposées suivant des plans verticaux, comprenant en partant de l'avant un bord d'attaque formant une courbure convexe qui en descendant s'incline vers l'arrière, puis un bord inférieur formant sensiblement une pointe, qui remonte ensuite à l'arrière par le bord de fuite formant généralement une courbure concave.  The gliding boards on the water, also called surfboards, generally have one or more fins arranged vertically in the rear, comprising, starting from the front, a leading edge forming a convex curvature which descends 'tilts backwards, then a lower edge substantially forming a point, which then rises to the rear by the trailing edge generally forming a concave curvature.
Les dérives constituent des plans verticaux qui présentent dans la direction longitudinale une bonne pénétration dans l'eau afin de réduire la traînée et le freinage de la planche, et dans le sens latéral une résistance élevée limitant le mouvement transversal. The fins are vertical planes which have in the longitudinal direction a good penetration into the water to reduce the drag and braking of the board, and in the lateral direction a high resistance limiting the transverse movement.
Le surfeur peut ainsi contrôler la trajectoire de la planche, en donnant à cette planche avec ses pieds une orientation qui formera sensiblement sa direction d'avancement.  The surfer can thus control the trajectory of the board, by giving this board with his feet an orientation that will substantially form his direction of advancement.
D'une manière générale les dérives de ce type peuvent équiper tous types de planche de surf pour différents sports de glisse sur l'eau. In general, the fins of this type can equip all types of surfboard for different sports gliding on the water.
Les dérives connues constituent des ensembles relativement compacts et peu flexibles latéralement, ce qui tend à limiter dans toutes les circonstances la dérive latérale de la partie arrière de la planche. The known drifts are relatively compact sets and not flexible laterally, which tends to limit in all circumstances the lateral drift of the rear part of the board.
La figure 2 présente une première dérive 4 comportant un premier bord 20 ajusté sous une planche 2, formant la limite avec la partie d'ancrage 16.  FIG. 2 shows a first fin 4 comprising a first edge 20 fitted under a board 2, forming the boundary with the anchoring part 16.
En partant de l'avant du premier bord 20, on a successivement un bord d'attaque 22 avec une courbure convexe inclinée vers l'arrière, un bord inférieur 24 très court qui touche en un point la ligne horizontale H, puis un bord de fuite 26 avec une courbure concave qui rejoint l'arrière du premier bord 20. Starting from the front of the first edge 20, there is successively a leading edge 22 with a convex curvature inclined towards the rear, a very short lower edge 24 which touches at a point the horizontal line H, then an edge of leak 26 with a concave curvature which joins the rear of the first edge 20.
On définit un premier axe d'inclinaison 30 qui part du centre 36 du premier bord 20, pour rejoindre le point de contact 28 du bord inférieur 24 avec la ligne horizontale H. On définit ensuite un premier angle d'inclinaison 32 de ce premier axe d'inclinaison 30 par rapport à l'axe perpendiculaire 0° au premier bord supérieur, qui est dans cet exemple de 45°. A first inclination axis 30 is defined which starts from the center 36 of the first edge 20, to reach the point of contact 28 of the lower edge 24 with the horizontal line H. We define then a first angle of inclination 32 of this first axis of inclination 30 with respect to the perpendicular axis 0 ° to the first upper edge, which in this example is 45 °.
La figure 3 présente une deuxième dérive 4 comportant une forme plus courte dans la direction longitudinale. Les courbes convexes du bord d'attaque 22 et concave du bord de fuite 26 sont plus prononcées. Le premier angle d'inclinaison 32 du premier axe d'inclinaison 30 est dans cet exemple de 27°. Figure 3 shows a second fin 4 having a shorter shape in the longitudinal direction. The convex curves of the leading edge 22 and the concave edge of the trailing edge 26 are more pronounced. The first angle of inclination 32 of the first inclination axis 30 is in this example 27 °.
On notera pour ces exemples présentés figures 2 et 3, que l'extrémité arrière de la dérive 4 forme une pointe arrière 34 raccordant le bord inférieur 24 et le bord de fuite 26. Pour ces formes de dérive 4 le premier angle d'inclinaison 32 de l'axe principal d'inclinaison 30 dépasse rarement 45°.  Note for these examples shown in Figures 2 and 3, the rear end of the fin 4 forms a rear tip 34 connecting the lower edge 24 and the trailing edge 26. For these forms of drift 4 the first inclination angle 32 the main axis of inclination 30 rarely exceeds 45 °.
Les figures 4 et 5 présentent des dérives 4 commercialisées comportant un corps principal 12, et une pointe arrière 34 dépassant vers l'arrière de ce corps principal 12, qui est très haute.  Figures 4 and 5 show commercial fins 4 having a main body 12, and a rear tip 34 protruding rearward of the main body 12, which is very high.
Le corps principal 12 est ajusté dans un rectangle principal 40 comprenant un petit côté qui correspond au premier bord 20 de la dérive. On définit un deuxième angle d'inclinaison 44 appelé aussi angle de « sweep », l'angle que fait la droite passant par le milieu 36 du premier bord 20 et le coin supérieur droit du rectangle principal 40, par rapport à l'axe perpendiculaire 0°.  The main body 12 is fitted into a main rectangle 40 including a small side which corresponds to the first edge 20 of the fin. A second inclination angle 44 is defined, also referred to as the "sweep angle", the angle made by the straight line passing through the middle 36 of the first edge 20 and the upper right corner of the main rectangle 40, with respect to the perpendicular axis 0 °.
La pointe arrière 34 est ajustée dans un rectangle de pointe 46, qui est accolé au rectangle principal 40. On définit un troisième angle d'inclinaison 52 appelé aussi angle de « rake », l'angle que fait par rapport à l'axe perpendiculaire 0°, la droite 48 passant par l'extrémité arrière 38 du premier bord 20, et le milieu 50 du bord arrière de la pointe 34, qui est en contact avec son rectangle 46.  The rear tip 34 is fitted into a point rectangle 46, which is attached to the main rectangle 40. A third inclination angle 52 is defined, also called a "rake" angle, the angle that is made with respect to the perpendicular axis 0 °, the line 48 passing through the rear end 38 of the first edge 20, and the middle 50 of the rear edge of the tip 34, which is in contact with its rectangle 46.
On a pour la dérive présentée figure 4, un deuxième angle d'inclinaison 44 de 17°, et un troisième angle d'inclinaison 52 de 40°.  For the drift shown in FIG. 4, there is a second angle of inclination 44 of 17 ° and a third angle of inclination 52 of 40 °.
On a pour la dérive présentée figure 5 un deuxième angle d'inclinaison 44 de 17°, et un troisième angle d'inclinaison 52 de 35°.  The drift shown in FIG. 5 has a second angle of inclination 44 of 17 °, and a third angle of inclination 52 of 35 °.
On obtient pour les dérives présentées figure 4 et 5 une pointe arrière 34 assez massive, comportant une hauteur importante. Toutefois cette pointe arrière 34 directement rattachée au corps principal 12, comporte une forte raideur en flexion latérale qui donne peu de caractéristique dynamique à la dérive. La présente invention a notamment pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients de la technique antérieure. For the fins shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a fairly massive rear tip 34 having a large height is obtained. However, this rear tip 34 directly attached to the main body 12, has a high stiffness in lateral bending which gives little dynamic characteristic drift. The present invention is intended to avoid these disadvantages of the prior art.
Elle propose à cet effet une dérive pour planche de surf, prévue pour être fixée seule ou avec d'autres dérives sous la planche, comportant un corps principal qui comprend un premier bord en contact avec la planche lorsque ladite dérive est fixée sur la planche, à l'avant un bord d'attaque et à l'arrière un bord de fuite, une courbure arrière reliant le bord d'attaque et le bord de fuite, le bord de fuite comprenant un point avant situé le plus à l'avant, caractérisée en ce que le corps principal se prolonge vers l'arrière par un bras qui s'étend à partir d'une droite perpendiculaire au premier bord et passant par le point avant du bord de fuite jusqu'à la courbure arrière, ledit bras ayant une longueur supérieure à environ 8 cm.  It proposes for this purpose a drift for surfboard, intended to be fixed alone or with other fins under the board, comprising a main body which comprises a first edge in contact with the board when said drift is fixed on the board, at the front a leading edge and at the rear a trailing edge, a rear curvature connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge, the trailing edge comprising a frontmost point located at the front, characterized in that the main body extends rearwardly by an arm extending from a straight line perpendicular to the first edge and passing through the front point of the trailing edge to the rear curvature, said arm having a length greater than about 8 cm.
Selon l'invention, la partie arrière du bras forme une surface d'appui qui est éloignée du corps principal de la dérive ce qui permet d'obtenir une plus grande flexion entre la partie arrière du bras et le corps principal de la dérive qui est relié à la planche et qui est très peu flexible. La dérive selon l'invention procure en sortie de virage un effet de propulsion et une accélération. Il est possible de moduler la flexion du bras en ajustant la longueur du bras, les dimensions, la géométrie et les formes de la ou des surfaces d'appui situées à l'arrière du bras. Selon un autre avantage, la dérive selon l'invention permet, sous l'effet de la vitesse et de l'inclinaison de la planche induite par le surfeur dans la trajectoire, de générer une torsion latérale du bras jusqu'à son extrémité arrière selon un axe perpendiculaire au premier bord et passant par le plan du corps principal (soit perpendiculaire à la planche) ce qui augmente le contrôle pendant la courbe et qui restitue une propulsion en fin de trajectoire lorsque le surfeur relâche son appui.  According to the invention, the rear part of the arm forms a bearing surface which is remote from the main body of the fin, which makes it possible to obtain greater flexion between the rear part of the arm and the main body of the fin which is connected to the board and which is very little flexible. The drift according to the invention provides at the end of the turn a propulsion effect and an acceleration. It is possible to modulate arm flexion by adjusting the arm length, dimensions, geometry and shapes of the bearing surface (s) at the back of the arm. According to another advantage, the drift according to the invention makes it possible, under the effect of the speed and the inclination of the board induced by the surfer in the trajectory, to generate a lateral torsion of the arm to its rear end according to an axis perpendicular to the first edge and passing through the plane of the main body (perpendicular to the board) which increases control during the curve and restores propulsion at the end of the trajectory when the surfer releases his support.
Avantageusement, le bras comprend une réduction de hauteur, le bras comprenant à l'arrière de la réduction de hauteur une surface d'appui avec une hauteur supérieure à la réduction de hauteur. Cette caractéristique permet de renforcer la flexibilité.  Advantageously, the arm comprises a reduction in height, the arm comprising at the rear of the height reduction a bearing surface with a height greater than the reduction in height. This feature enhances flexibility.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques, la réduction de hauteur est comprise entre 2 et 4 cm et/ou la surface d'appui a une hauteur comprise entre 3 et 5 cm. According to other features, the reduction in height is between 2 and 4 cm and / or the support surface has a height of between 3 and 5 cm.
Avantageusement, la surface d'appui est écartée de la planche d'une distance supérieure à environ 7 cm.  Advantageously, the support surface is spaced apart from the board by a distance greater than about 7 cm.
Selon cette caractéristique, la surface d'appui conserve une fonction de limitation de la dérive latérale de la planche même quand elle est fortement décollée de l'eau, en particulier dans les sauts. De plus, cette partie arrière écartée de la planche permet aussi d'aller chercher l'énergie de la houle en profondeur. Selon cette configuration, la partie arrière du bras est positionnée en dehors des turbulences qui apparaissent à la surface ou le long de la planche. According to this characteristic, the support surface retains a function of limiting the lateral drift of the board even when it is strongly detached from the water, in particular in the jumps. In addition, this rear part away from the board also allows to get the energy of the swell in depth. According to this configuration, the rear part of the arm is positioned outside the turbulence that appear on the surface or along the board.
De préférence, le bras a une longueur totale comprise entre environ 10 et 20 cm. Preferably, the arm has a total length of between about 10 and 20 cm.
Selon une autre caractéristique, le bras comprend à l'arrière au moins une ailette. According to another characteristic, the arm comprises at the rear at least one fin.
Des essais ont montré que, les ailettes fixées à l'extrémité arrière d'un bras présentant une certaine flexibilité latérale, on obtient une réaction dynamique de ces ailettes qui peut donner à la planche une propulsion en sortie de virage dans les petites vagues. On obtient aussi un meilleur contrôle de la trajectoire dans les vagues intermédiaires ou fortes, qui sécurise le surfeur grâce aux gains de vitesse que procure la dérive. Tests have shown that, the fins attached to the rear end of an arm having a certain lateral flexibility, a dynamic reaction of these fins is obtained which can give the board a propulsion at the end of a turn in small waves. We also get better control of the trajectory in the intermediate or strong waves, which secures the surfer thanks to the speed gains that drift provides.
La dérive pour planche de surf selon l'invention peut comporter de plus une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, qui peuvent être combinées entre elles.  The surfboard fin according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, which may be combined with one another.
En particulier, la dérive peut présenter un premier angle d'inclinaison formé entre un axe d'inclinaison passant par le centre du premier bord et par un point central d'un bord inférieur de la ou des ailette(s) et un axe perpendiculaire au premier bord, qui est supérieur à sensiblement 45°.  In particular, the drift may have a first angle of inclination formed between a tilt axis passing through the center of the first edge and by a central point of a lower edge of the fin (s) and an axis perpendicular to the first edge, which is greater than substantially 45 °.
En particulier, la dérive peut présenter un deuxième angle d'inclinaison formé entre un axe d'inclinaison passant par le centre du premier bord et par un point d'inflexion du bord d'attaque et un axe perpendiculaire au premier bord, qui est supérieur à sensiblement 26°. En particulier, la dérive peut présenter un troisième angle d'inclinaison formé entre un axe d'inclinaison passant par l'extrémité arrière du premier bord et par le point situé le plus à l'arrière de la courbure arrière et l'axe perpendiculaire au premier bord, qui est supérieur à sensiblement 40°.  In particular, the drift may have a second angle of inclination formed between a tilt axis passing through the center of the first edge and a point of inflection of the leading edge and an axis perpendicular to the first edge, which is greater at substantially 26 °. In particular, the drift may have a third angle of inclination formed between a tilting axis passing through the rear end of the first edge and by the rearmost point of the rear curvature and the axis perpendicular to the first edge, which is greater than substantially 40 °.
Avantageusement, le rectangle horizontal partant de la perpendiculaire dressée à l'extrémité arrière du bord supérieur, dans lequel sont ajustés le bras et les ailettes, comporte un rapport de la longueur sur la largeur supérieur à environ 2. Cette configuration permet de renforcer l'effet dynamique de la dérive. Advantageously, the horizontal rectangle starting from the perpendicular standing at the rear end of the upper edge, in which the arm and the fins are fitted, has a ratio of the length to the width greater than about 2. This configuration makes it possible to reinforce the dynamic effect of drift.
En particulier, la dérive peut comporter une ailette dépassant du bras vers le bas.  In particular, the fin may comprise a fin protruding from the arm downwards.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la dérive comporte une ailette inclinée par rapport au plan du corps principal de la dérive. La dérive peut comporter deux ailettes disposées symétriquement par rapport au plan du corps principal de la dérive. On obtient une certaine résistance de la dérive aux mouvements verticaux. According to one embodiment, the fin has a fin inclined relative to the plane of the main body of the fin. The fin may comprise two fins arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane of the main body of the fin. Some resistance of the drift to vertical movements is obtained.
De plus, la dérive peut comporter une troisième ailette disposée dans le plan du corps principal de la dérive.  In addition, the fin may comprise a third fin disposed in the plane of the main body of the fin.
L'invention a aussi pour objet une planche de surf équipée d'au moins une dérive selon l'une des caractéristiques précédentes.  The invention also relates to a surfboard equipped with at least one fin according to one of the preceding characteristics.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront de la description qui va suivre de l'invention, description donnée à titre d'exemple uniquement, en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :  Other features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of the invention, a description given by way of example only, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
la figure 1 est une vue de côté d'une planche de surf comportant une dérive selon l'invention disposée derrière une dérive selon l'art antérieur ;  Figure 1 is a side view of a surfboard having a fin according to the invention disposed behind a fin according to the prior art;
les figures 2 à 5 présentent des critères de mesure de quatre dérives selon l'art antérieur ;  Figures 2 to 5 show criteria for measuring four fins according to the prior art;
- les figures 6 et 7 présentent des critères de mesure de deux dérives selon l'invention, comportant une grande longueur ; - Figures 6 and 7 show criteria for measuring two fins according to the invention, having a long length;
la figure 8 présente des critères de mesure d'une dérive selon l'invention, comportant une petite longueur ;  FIG. 8 presents criteria for measuring a drift according to the invention, comprising a small length;
les figures 9a et 9b présentent le renforcement par des fibres d'une dérive selon l'invention ;  Figures 9a and 9b show fiber reinforcement of a fin according to the invention;
les figures 10, lia et 12 sont des schémas de trois types de dérives selon l'invention vues de l'avant, comportant respectivement une ailette simple verticale, une double ailette inclinée et une triple ailette ;  Figures 10, 11a and 12 are diagrams of three types of fins according to the invention seen from the front, respectively comprising a single vertical fin, a double inclined fin and a triple fin;
les figures 11b et 11c sont respectivement des vues de côté et de dessus de la dérive présentée figure lia ;  Figures 11b and 11c are respectively side and top views of the drift shown in Figure 11a;
les figures 13a, 13b et 13c sont respectivement un schéma vu de face, et des dessins vus de côté et de l'avant, d'une dérive comportant une ailette inclinée ;  Figures 13a, 13b and 13c are respectively a diagram seen from the front, and drawings seen from the side and from the front, of a fin having an inclined fin;
les figures 14a, 14b, 14c sont respectivement des vues de côté, de dessus et arrière d'une dérive comportant une double ailette courbée ;  Figures 14a, 14b, 14c are respectively side, top and rear views of a fin having a curved double fin;
- la figure 15 est une vue arrière d'une dérive comportant une double ailette inclinée ; les figures 16a, 16b et 16c sont respectivement des vues de côté, de dessus et arrière d'une dérive comportant une double ailette plate, - Figure 15 is a rear view of a fin having a double inclined fin; FIGS. 16a, 16b and 16c are respectively side, top and rear views of a drift comprising a double flat fin,
la figure 17A est une vue de côté d'une dérive configurée pour recevoir de manière démontable des ailettes,  FIG. 17A is a side view of a fin configured to removably receive fins,
- la figure 17B est une vue de dessus d'ailettes configurées pour être montées sur la dérive visible sur la figure 17A, - Figure 17B is a top view of fins configured to be mounted on the drift visible in Figure 17A,
les figures 17C et 17D sont des vues de faces d'une dérive équipée d'ailettes démontables selon deux configurations.  17C and 17D are views of the faces of a fin equipped with removable fins in two configurations.
La figure 1 présente une planche de surf 2 comportant une extrémité avant remontant vers le haut pour glisser sur une vague, et à l'arrière successivement dans l'axe longitudinal une dérive selon l'art antérieur 4, et une dérive selon l'invention 10.  FIG. 1 shows a surfboard 2 having a front end rising upwards to slide on a wave, and at the rear successively in the longitudinal axis a drift according to the prior art 4, and a drift according to the invention 10.
La dérive selon l'invention 10 comporte un corps principal avant 12 qui se prolonge vers le haut par une partie d'ancrage 16 entrant dans la planche pour la fixation, et dont le bord inférieur se prolonge vers l'arrière par un bras sensiblement horizontal 14, se terminant par une ailette 18 dépassant de ce bras vers le bas.  The fin according to the invention comprises a main body before 12 which is extended upwards by an anchoring part 16 entering the board for fixing, and whose lower edge is extended towards the rear by a substantially horizontal arm 14, ending in a fin 18 protruding from this arm downwards.
Toutes les dérives présentées dans les figures sont disposées à l'envers, les côtés supérieur et inférieur de ces dérives faisant toujours référence à leur disposition en fonctionnement, et non pas sur ces dessins qui sont inversés.  All the fins shown in the figures are arranged upside down, the upper and lower sides of these fins always referring to their arrangement in operation, and not on these drawings which are reversed.
La figure 6 présente une dérive 10 comportant le bord d'attaque 22 du corps principal 12 qui se prolonge après sa courbure convexe par un bord inférieur de bras 60 qui est sensiblement horizontal. Le bord inférieur de bras 60 se prolonge par une courbure concave 62, et continue ensuite par un bord inférieur sensiblement horizontal 24 d'une ailette 18, qui se trouve plus bas.  Figure 6 shows a fin 10 having the leading edge 22 of the main body 12 which extends after its convex curvature by a lower arm edge 60 which is substantially horizontal. The lower edge of arm 60 is extended by a concave curvature 62, and then continues by a substantially horizontal lower edge 24 of a fin 18, which is lower.
On a après l'ailette 18 une courbure convexe qui remonte, et continue par le bord supérieur de bras 64 qui est aussi sensiblement horizontal, pour rejoindre ensuite le bord de fuite 26 à l'arrière du corps principal 12.  After the fin 18 a convex curvature that rises, and continues by the upper arm edge 64 which is also substantially horizontal, to then reach the trailing edge 26 at the rear of the main body 12.
On obtient ainsi dans un même plan vertical le bras 14 formant une structure sensiblement droite allongée vers l'arrière, fixée à la base du corps principal 12, puis l'ailette 18 descendant en dessous de ce bras, qui présente une souplesse latérale relativement importante grâce à la flexion du bras qui la supporte.  Thus, in the same vertical plane, the arm 14 forming a substantially straight structure extending towards the rear, fixed to the base of the main body 12, then the fin 18 descending below this arm, which has a relatively large lateral flexibility thanks to the flexion of the arm that supports it.
La figure 7 présente une dérive 10, comportant un bras 14 plus court, présentant une longueur réduite d'environ de moitié par rapport à la dérive visible sur la figure 6. Pour donner un ordre de grandeur, la dérive visible sur la figure 6 a un bras ayant une longueur supérieure ou égale à environ 50 cm (ou 20 pouces). La dérive visible sur la figure 7 a un bras ayant une longueur inférieure ou égale à environ 25 cm (ou 10 pouces) et comprise de préférence entre environ 10 et 20 cm (soit environ 4 et 8 pouces). FIG. 7 shows a fin 10, comprising a shorter arm 14, having a reduced length of approximately half compared with the drift visible in FIG. to give an order of magnitude, the drift visible in Figure 6 has an arm having a length greater than or equal to about 50 cm (or 20 inches). The drift visible in FIG. 7 has an arm having a length of less than or equal to about 25 cm (or 10 inches) and preferably between about 10 and 20 cm (about 4 and 8 inches).
Comme illustré sur la figure 7, le fait de décaler l'extrémité arrière du bras 14 vers l'arrière et de l'écarter du corps principal 12 favorise une flexion selon un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au premier bord 20 contrairement aux variantes de l'art antérieur visibles sur les figures 4 et 5 qui n'avait qu'une faible capacité de flexion selon un axe sensiblement parallèle au premier bord 20. Cette flexion selon un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au premier bord 20 procure en sortie de virage un effet de propulsion et une accélération.As shown in FIG. 7, shifting the rear end of the arm 14 backward and away from the main body 12 promotes bending along an axis substantially perpendicular to the first edge 20 contrary to the variants of the art. previous view in Figures 4 and 5 which had a low bending capacity along an axis substantially parallel to the first edge 20. This bending along an axis substantially perpendicular to the first edge 20 provides turn output a propulsion effect and an acceleration.
On notera que le premier angle d'inclinaison 32 est de 65° pour la dérive présentée figure 6 et de 50° pour celle présentée figure 7, ce qui est supérieur à la limite de 45° qui n'est sensiblement pas dépassée sur les dérives connues 4. It will be noted that the first angle of inclination 32 is 65 ° for the drift shown in FIG. 6 and 50 ° for that shown in FIG. 7, which is greater than the limit of 45 ° which is not substantially exceeded on the drifts. known 4.
La figure 8 présente une dérive 10 comportant un deuxième angle d'inclinaison 44 de 27°, et un troisième angle d'inclinaison 52 de 50°.  Figure 8 shows a fin 10 having a second inclination angle 44 of 27 °, and a third inclination angle 52 of 50 °.
On a aussi un rapport de la surface de la partie arrière formée par le bras 14 et l'ailette 18, inscrite dans son rectangle 46, sur la surface du corps principal avant 12 inscrit dans son rectangle 40, qui est de 0,75, un rapport du troisième angle d'inclinaison 52 sur le deuxième 44 qui est de 1,85, et un rapport du côté horizontal du rectangle de pointe 46 sur son côté vertical qui est de 2.  There is also a ratio of the area of the rear portion formed by the arm 14 and the fin 18, inscribed in its rectangle 46, on the surface of the main body before 12 inscribed in its rectangle 40, which is 0.75, a ratio of the third angle of inclination 52 to the second angle 44 which is 1.85, and a ratio of the horizontal side of the point rectangle 46 to its vertical side which is 2.
Les dérives 10 selon l'invention peuvent être réalisées par tous procédés connus, en particulier par usinage d'une ébauche, par exemple en bois, ou par moulage. On peut notamment utiliser des matériaux composites comportant un renfort comme des fibres de verre, de carbone, ou des fibres synthétiques de lin, et une matrice comme une résine polyester ou époxy.  The fins 10 according to the invention can be made by any known method, in particular by machining a blank, for example wood, or by molding. In particular, it is possible to use composite materials comprising a reinforcement such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, or synthetic flax fiber, and a matrix such as a polyester or epoxy resin.
On répartit les matériaux choisis suivant une disposition particulière, pour obtenir la flexibilité recherchée pour chaque partie donnant les caractéristiques dynamiques que l'on veut obtenir de la dérive.  The selected materials are distributed according to a particular arrangement, to obtain the desired flexibility for each part giving the dynamic characteristics that one wishes to obtain from the drift.
En particulier on peut réaliser la dérive à partir d'une plaque de matériau composite mise en forme, comprenant des fibres de verre pré-imprégnées de résine époxy, recevant autour en renfort un tissu de fibres de verre présentant une densité de 600 gr/m2. Après polymérisation de l'ensemble, on obtient une dérive légère et très résistante. La figure 9a présente une dérive 10 comportant à l'intérieur du corps principal avant 12 des fibres de renfort en carbone 70, se terminant par une pointe qui finit un peu au-dessus du bord inférieur. On obtient par ce renfort intérieur une certaine souplesse. In particular, it is possible to carry out the drift from a shaped composite material plate, comprising glass fibers pre-impregnated with epoxy resin, receiving reinforcement around a fiberglass fabric having a density of 600 gr / m. 2 . After polymerization of the whole, a light and very strong drift is obtained. Figure 9a shows a fin 10 having inside the main body before 12 carbon reinforcing fibers 70, ending in a point that ends slightly above the lower edge. This internal reinforcement gives a certain flexibility.
Selon une autre particularité, en plus de pouvoir moduler la flexion selon un axe perpendiculaire au premier bord 20 grâce à la géométrie de la dérive, il est possible de moduler cette flexion grâce à la nature des matériaux utilisés. Ainsi, la figure 9b présente des fibres de renfort en carbone 72 formant de chaque côté une bande horizontale disposée à l'extérieur, qui s'étend sur toute la longueur de la dérive à une hauteur moyenne du bras 14. On obtient par ces renforts extérieurs une forte rigidité latérale. A titre d'exemple, il est possible de rigidifier de cette manière les dérives avec un bras très long de manière à obtenir une surface d'appui très longue et raide. Cette particularité permet d'accroître la capacité de la planche à conserver une ligne droite dans les très grosses vagues. According to another feature, in addition to being able to modulate the flexion along an axis perpendicular to the first edge 20 thanks to the geometry of the fin, it is possible to modulate this bending thanks to the nature of the materials used. Thus, FIG. 9b shows carbon reinforcing fibers 72 forming on each side an outer horizontal strip, which extends over the entire length of the fin at an average height of the arm 14. It is obtained by these reinforcements external strong lateral stiffness. For example, it is possible to stiffen in this way the fins with a very long arm so as to obtain a very long and stiff support surface. This feature increases the ability of the board to keep a straight line in very large waves.
La figure 10 présente une dérive 10 comportant une ailette simple 18 restant dans le même plan que le corps principal 12 de la dérive.  Figure 10 shows a fin 10 having a single fin 18 remaining in the same plane as the main body 12 of the fin.
Les figures lia, 11b et 11c présentent une dérive 10 comportant une double ailette 18 comprenant deux ailettes 80 inclinées vers le bas, formant un « V » en vue de face. Figures 11a, 11b and 11c show a fin 10 having a double fin 18 comprising two fins 80 inclined downwards, forming a "V" in front view.
La figure 12 présente une dérive 10 comportant une triple ailette 18 comprenant deux ailettes 82 disposées à plat en opposition, et une troisième ailette 88 dans le plan du corps principal 12, tournée vers le bas.  Figure 12 shows a fin 10 having a triple fin 18 comprising two fins 82 disposed flat in opposition, and a third fin 88 in the plane of the main body 12, facing downwards.
Les ailettes 18 présentées figure lia et 12 comportant une composante horizontale, assure à la planche une certaine tenue dans la direction verticale qui permet de la maintenir au contact de l'eau. The fins 18 shown in Figure 11a and 12 having a horizontal component, ensures the board a certain holding in the vertical direction that keeps it in contact with water.
Les figures 13a, 13b et 13c présentent une dérive 10 comportant une ailette 90 présentant sa partie disposée en dessous du bras 14, qui est légèrement inclinée sur le côté par rapport au plan du corps principal 12. L'inclinaison est dans cet exemple de 45° par rapport au plan vertical. D'une manière générale l'inclinaison peut être comprise entre 15 et 75°.  Figures 13a, 13b and 13c show a fin 10 having a fin 90 having its portion disposed below the arm 14, which is slightly inclined at the side with respect to the plane of the main body 12. The inclination is in this example 45 ° in relation to the vertical plane. In general, the inclination can be between 15 and 75 °.
On obtient certains effets dynamiques particuliers, qui peuvent être recherchés pour effectuer avec la planche des figures. We obtain some particular dynamic effects, which can be sought to perform with the board of figures.
Les figures 14a, 14b et 14c présentent une dérive 10 comportant une double ailette 18 comprenant deux ailettes 84 fixées horizontalement en opposition à la base du bras 14, qui sont recourbées vers le haut en partant vers l'extérieur. Cette conception de la dérive est plus particulièrement adaptée aux planches permettant la pratique du surf debout à l'avant de la planche (« nose-ride » en anglais). Figures 14a, 14b and 14c show a fin 10 having a double fin 18 comprising two fins 84 fixed horizontally in opposition to the base of the arm 14, which are bent upwardly outwardly. This drift design is more particularly adapted to the boards allowing the practice of standing surf at the front of the board ("nose-ride" in English).
La figure 15 présente une dérive 10 comportant une double ailette 18 à deux ailettes 84 fixées en opposition en haut du bras 14, formant un « V » ouvert vers le haut.  Figure 15 shows a fin 10 having a double fin 18 with two fins 84 fixed in opposition at the top of the arm 14, forming an "V" open upwards.
Les figures 16a, 16b et 16c présentent une dérive 10 comportant une triple ailette 18 à deux ailettes 82 fixées horizontalement en opposition à la base du bras 14. Le bras 14 disposé dans un plan vertical, se prolonge par un bossage sur une partie de la longueur de l'ailette 18, en formant une troisième ailette 88 tournée vers le haut. Figures 16a, 16b and 16c show a fin 10 having a triple fin 18 with two fins 82 fixed horizontally in opposition to the base of the arm 14. The arm 14 disposed in a vertical plane, is extended by a boss on a part of the length of the fin 18, forming a third fin 88 facing upwards.
La triple ailette 18 présente ainsi une résistance à la fois dans le sens vertical avec les deux ailettes horizontale 82, et dans le sens horizontal avec la troisième ailette 88.  The triple fin 18 thus has a resistance both in the vertical direction with the two horizontal fins 82, and in the horizontal direction with the third fin 88.
On note que pour cette dérive les bords du bras 14 sont arrondis, la section variable de ce bras allant en s'affinant vers l'arrière.  It is noted that for this drift the edges of the arm 14 are rounded, the variable section of this arm being refined towards the rear.
Les ailettes horizontales permettent un contre appui à l'arrière de la planche de surf qui permet au surfeur de se positionner à l'avant de la planche tout en glissant sur la face de la vague sans enfourner.  The horizontal fins allow a counter-support at the back of the surfboard that allows the surfer to position himself at the front of the board while sliding on the face of the wave without baking.
D'une manière générale, on peut associer différentes formes d'ailettes à un bras 14 de longueur et de flexibilité adaptées, pour obtenir un comportement dynamique particulier de la planche convenant au niveau du surfeur et aux conditions de la mer.  In general, different fin shapes can be associated with an arm 14 of suitable length and flexibility, to obtain a particular dynamic behavior of the board that is suitable for the surfer and the conditions of the sea.
Selon une autre variante illustrée sur les figures 17A à 17D, les ailettes 18 sont reliées au reste de la dérive de manière démontable. A cet effet, le bras 14 comprend une fente 92 sensiblement horizontale qui débouche vers l'avant de la dérive. En complément, l'ailette 18 comprend une fente 94 disposée en position médiane, qui délimite deux ailettes 96, 96' et qui débouche vers l'arrière de l'ailette 18. Les fentes 92 et 94 sont dimensionnées de manière adaptée pour permettre un assemblage de l'ailette 18 au reste de la dérive par emboîtement. According to another variant illustrated in Figures 17A to 17D, the fins 18 are connected to the rest of the fin removably. For this purpose, the arm 14 comprises a substantially horizontal slot 92 which opens towards the front of the fin. In addition, the fin 18 comprises a slot 94 disposed in the median position, which delimits two fins 96, 96 'and which opens towards the rear of the fin 18. The slots 92 and 94 are dimensioned in a suitable manner to allow a assembly of the fin 18 to the rest of the drift by interlocking.
L'ailette 18 peut être plate ou formée un V, la fente 94 étant positionnée au niveau de l'arête du V.  The fin 18 may be flat or formed a V, the slot 94 being positioned at the edge of the V.
Selon cette configuration, différentes ailettes peuvent être solidarisées successivement à une même dérive. Selon un autre avantage, une même ailette 18 peut être solidarisée selon différentes configurations, les bords des ailettes 96, 96' pouvant être orientés vers le bas comme illustré sur la figure 17C ou vers le haut comme illustré sur la figure 17D.  According to this configuration, different fins can be successively secured to one and the same drift. According to another advantage, the same fin 18 can be secured in different configurations, the edges of the fins 96, 96 'can be oriented downwards as shown in Figure 17C or upwards as shown in Figure 17D.
Selon une variante simplifiée, l'ailette 18 peut être intégrée au bras 14. Quelle que soit la variante, la dérive comporte un corps principal 12 qui comprend un premier bord 20 en contact avec la planche lorsque la dérive est fixée à la planche, à l'avant un bord d'attaque 22 et à l'arrière un bord de fuite 26, une courbure arrière 27 reliant le bord d'attaque 22 et le bord de fuite 26. Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le corps principal 12 se prolonge vers l'arrière par un bras 14 qui s'étend à partir d'une droite perpendiculaire au premier bord 20 et passant par le point avant du bord de fuite 26 jusqu'à la courbure arrière 27, le bras 14 ayant une longueur L supérieure à environ 8 cm (environ 3 pouces). De préférence, la longueur L est comprise entre 12 et 18 cm (soit environ entre 5 et 7 pouces) pour obtenir une flexibilité convenable pour l'accélération et la conduite de la planche. According to a simplified variant, the fin 18 can be integrated into the arm 14. Whatever the variant, the fin has a main body 12 which comprises a first edge 20 in contact with the board when the fin is attached to the board, in front a leading edge 22 and a rear edge 26, a rear curvature 27 connecting the leading edge 22 and the trailing edge 26. According to a feature of the invention, the main body 12 is extended rearwardly by an arm 14 which extends from a straight line perpendicular to the first edge 20 and passing through the front point of the trailing edge 26 to the rear curvature 27, the arm 14 having a length L greater than about 8 cm (about 3 inches). Preferably, the length L is between 12 and 18 cm (approximately between 5 and 7 inches) to obtain a suitable flexibility for acceleration and driving the board.
Le point avant du bord de fuite 26 correspond au point arrière 38 du premier bord 20 dans le cas des variantes visibles sur les figures 6 et 7. Dans le cas de la variante visible sur la figure 8, le point avant 31 du bord de fuite 26 est décalé vers l'avant par rapport au point arrière 38.  The point before the trailing edge 26 corresponds to the rear point 38 of the first edge 20 in the case of the variants visible in FIGS. 6 and 7. In the case of the variant visible in FIG. 8, the front point 31 of the trailing edge 26 is shifted forward with respect to the rearward point 38.
La longueur L du bras correspond à la dimension du bras parallèle au premier bord 20. The length L of the arm corresponds to the dimension of the arm parallel to the first edge 20.
Ainsi, selon l'invention, la partie arrière du bras 14 forme une surface d'appui reliée par le bras 14 au corps principal 12 décalée vers l'arrière ce qui permet d'obtenir une flexibilité selon un axe perpendiculaire au premier bord 20 et passant par le plan du corps principal 12 (soit perpendiculaire à la planche 2).  Thus, according to the invention, the rear part of the arm 14 forms a bearing surface connected by the arm 14 to the main body 12 shifted rearwardly, which makes it possible to obtain flexibility along an axis perpendicular to the first edge 20 and passing through the plane of the main body 12 (perpendicular to the board 2).
Selon une autre particularité, le bras 14 comprend une réduction de hauteur 33, la partie du bras et/ou la surface d'appui 35 située à l'arrière de la réduction de hauteur ayant une hauteur supérieure à ladite réduction. In another feature, the arm 14 comprises a height reduction 33, the portion of the arm and / or the bearing surface 35 located at the rear of the height reduction having a height greater than said reduction.
La hauteur du bras correspond à la dimension du bras perpendiculaire au premier bord 20. De préférence, la réduction de hauteur est de l'ordre de 2 à 4 cm. La surface d'appui 35 a une hauteur comprise entre 3 et 5 cm supérieure à la réduction de hauteur.  The height of the arm corresponds to the dimension of the arm perpendicular to the first edge 20. Preferably, the reduction in height is of the order of 2 to 4 cm. The bearing surface 35 has a height of between 3 and 5 cm greater than the reduction in height.
Avantageusement, la surface d'appui 35 est écartée de la planche d'une distance supérieure à environ 7 cm.  Advantageously, the bearing surface 35 is spaced apart from the board by a distance greater than about 7 cm.
En présence d'une réduction de hauteur, le bord d'attaque comprend un point d'inflexion 29. Un point d'inflexion correspond à un point au niveau duquel le bord d'attaque traverse la tangente au point d'inflexion. Le bord d'attaque 24 peut comprendre une portion rectiligne, le bord d'attaque ayant une courbure convexe à l'avant de la portion rectiligne et une courbure concave à l'arrière. Dans ce cas, le point d'inflexion correspond au point avant de la portion rectiligne. In the presence of a reduction in height, the leading edge comprises a point of inflection 29. A point of inflection corresponds to a point at which the leading edge crosses the tangent to the point of inflection. The leading edge 24 may comprise a rectilinear portion, the leading edge having a convex curvature at the front of the rectilinear portion and a concave curvature at the back. In this case, the point of inflection corresponds to the point before the rectilinear portion.
De préférence, une droite passant par l'extrémité arrière 38 du premier bord 20 et le point d'inflexion 29 du bord d'attaque 22 est perpendiculaire au premier bord 20.  Preferably, a line passing through the rear end 38 of the first edge 20 and the point of inflection 29 of the leading edge 22 is perpendicular to the first edge 20.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dérive pour planche de surf, prévue pour être fixée seule ou avec d'autres dérives (4) sous une planche (2), comportant un corps principal (12) qui comprend un premier bord (20) en contact avec la planche lorsque ladite dérive est fixée sur la planche, à l'avant un bord d'attaque (22) et à l'arrière un bord de fuite (26), une courbure arrière (27) reliant le bord d'attaque (22) et le bord de fuite (26), le bord de fuite (26) comprenant un point avant (31, 38) situé le plus à l'avant, caractérisée en ce que le corps principal (12) se prolonge vers l'arrière par un bras (14) qui s'étend à partir d'une droite perpendiculaire au premier bord (20) et passant par le point avant (31, 38) du bord de fuite (26) jusqu'à la courbure arrière (27), ledit bras (14) ayant une longueur supérieure à environ 8 cm. 1. A surfboard dashboard, intended to be fixed alone or with other fins (4) under a board (2), having a main body (12) which includes a first edge (20) in contact with the board when said fin is fixed to the board, at the front a leading edge (22) and at the rear a trailing edge (26), a rear curvature (27) connecting the leading edge (22) and the trailing edge (26), the trailing edge (26) comprising a forwardmost point (31, 38), characterized in that the main body (12) is extended rearward by an arm (14) extending from a line perpendicular to the first edge (20) and passing through the front point (31, 38) of the trailing edge (26) to the rear curvature (27), said arm (14) having a length greater than about 8 cm.
2. Dérive selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le bras (14) comprend une réduction de hauteur (33), le bras (14) comprenant à l'arrière de la réduction de hauteur (33) une surface d'appui (35) avec une hauteur supérieure à la réduction de hauteur (33).  2. Drift according to claim 1, characterized in that the arm (14) comprises a height reduction (33), the arm (14) comprising at the rear of the height reduction (33) a bearing surface ( 35) with a height greater than the height reduction (33).
3. Dérive selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la réduction de hauteur (33) est comprise entre 2 et 4 cm.  3. Drift according to claim 2, characterized in that the height reduction (33) is between 2 and 4 cm.
4. Dérive selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la surface d'appui (35) a une hauteur comprise entre 3 et 5 cm.  4. Drift according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the bearing surface (35) has a height of between 3 and 5 cm.
5. Dérive selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la surface d'appui (35) est écartée de la planche d'une distance supérieure à environ 7 cm.  5. Drift according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the bearing surface (35) is spaced from the board a distance greater than about 7 cm.
6. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le bras (14) a une longueur totale comprise entre environ 10 et 20 cm.  6. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arm (14) has a total length of between about 10 and 20 cm.
7. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le bras (14) comprend à l'arrière au moins une ailette (18).  7. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arm (14) comprises at the rear at least one fin (18).
8. Dérive selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente un premier angle d'inclinaison (32) formé entre un axe d'inclinaison (30) passant par le centre (36) du premier bord (20) et par un point central (28) d'un bord inférieur (24) de la ou des ailette(s) (18), et un axe perpendiculaire (0°) au premier bord (20), qui est supérieur à sensiblement 45°.  8. Drift according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it has a first inclination angle (32) formed between a tilt axis (30) passing through the center (36) of the first edge (20) and by a central point (28) of a lower edge (24) of the fin (s) (18), and an axis perpendicular (0 °) to the first edge (20), which is greater than substantially 45 °.
9. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente un deuxième angle d'inclinaison (44) formé entre un axe d'inclinaison (42) passant par le centre (36) du premier bord (20) et par un point d'inflexion (29) du bord d'attaque et un axe perpendiculaire (0°) au premier bord (20), qui est supérieur à sensiblement 26°. 9. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a second inclination angle (44) formed between a tilt axis (42) passing through the center (36) of the first edge (20) and by a point of inflection (29) of the edge and an axis perpendicular (0 °) to the first edge (20), which is greater than substantially 26 °.
10. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente un troisième angle d'inclinaison (52) formé entre un axe d'inclinaison (48) passant par le point de jonction (38) du bord de fuite (26) et du premier bord (20) et le point (50) situé le plus à l'arrière de la courbure arrière (27) et un axe perpendiculaire (0°) au premier bord (20), qui est supérieur à sensiblement 40°.  10. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a third inclination angle (52) formed between a tilt axis (48) passing through the junction point (38) of the trailing edge (26) and the first edge (20) and the point (50) located the most rearward of the rear curvature (27) and a perpendicular axis (0 °) to the first edge (20), which is greater than substantially 40 °.
11. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un rectangle dont un côté est confondu avec une droite perpendiculaire au premier bord (20) passant par un point de jonction (38) du bord de fuite (26) et du premier bord (20) et dans lequel sont inscrits le bras (14) et les éventuelles ailettes (18), ledit rectangle ayant un rapport de la longueur sur la largeur supérieur à environ 2.  11. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a rectangle whose one side coincides with a straight line perpendicular to the first edge (20) passing through a junction point (38) of the trailing edge (26). ) and the first edge (20) and wherein are inscribed the arm (14) and any fins (18), said rectangle having a ratio of the length to the width greater than about 2.
12. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une ailette inclinée (90) par rapport au plan du corps principal (12).  12. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an inclined fin (90) relative to the plane of the main body (12).
13. Dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins deux ailettes (80, 82, 84, 86) disposées symétriquement par rapport au plan du corps principal (12).  13. Drift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two fins (80, 82, 84, 86) arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane of the main body (12).
14. Dérive selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une troisième ailette (88) disposée dans le plan du corps principal (12).  14. Drift according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a third fin (88) disposed in the plane of the main body (12).
15. Planche de surf équipée d'au moins une dérive selon l'une des revendications précédentes.  15. Surfboard equipped with at least one fin according to one of the preceding claims.
EP15763043.5A 2014-09-04 2015-07-28 Surfboard fin having a rearwardly offset bearing surface Active EP3188961B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201462045799P 2014-09-04 2014-09-04
PCT/FR2015/052093 WO2016034784A1 (en) 2014-09-04 2015-07-28 Surfboard fin having a rearwardly offset bearing surface

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EP3188961A1 true EP3188961A1 (en) 2017-07-12
EP3188961B1 EP3188961B1 (en) 2019-05-15

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US (1) US20170283016A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3188961B1 (en)
AU (2) AU2015310758A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2742153T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3188961T (en)
WO (1) WO2016034784A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10800495B1 (en) * 2014-11-29 2020-10-13 Paul Thomas Enhanced planing devices and systems
AU2021269309B2 (en) * 2020-09-28 2024-02-29 Philip James Todd A watercraft manoeuvring device and a surface watercraft including the manoeuvring device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4320546A (en) * 1979-07-23 1982-03-23 Knox Carleton R Surfboard
NL8400891A (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-16 Graeme Scott Attey FIN, RUDDER, KILE OR SWORD FOR A VESSEL OR THE LIKE.
WO2013159860A1 (en) * 2012-04-23 2013-10-31 Wunner Felix Fin for water sport and a surfboard for this purpose

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AU2019219755B2 (en) 2022-07-07
PT3188961T (en) 2019-08-29
US20170283016A1 (en) 2017-10-05
AU2019219755A1 (en) 2019-09-05
AU2015310758A1 (en) 2017-03-30
WO2016034784A1 (en) 2016-03-10
ES2742153T3 (en) 2020-02-13
EP3188961B1 (en) 2019-05-15

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