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EP3185268B1 - Anordnung und verfahren zur reinigung eines elektrischen kontakts - Google Patents

Anordnung und verfahren zur reinigung eines elektrischen kontakts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3185268B1
EP3185268B1 EP15201617.6A EP15201617A EP3185268B1 EP 3185268 B1 EP3185268 B1 EP 3185268B1 EP 15201617 A EP15201617 A EP 15201617A EP 3185268 B1 EP3185268 B1 EP 3185268B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
contact
electrical contact
contact point
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15201617.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3185268A1 (de
Inventor
Ari Kattainen
Mikko VASKELA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
Original Assignee
Kone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP15201617.6A priority Critical patent/EP3185268B1/de
Priority to PCT/FI2016/050906 priority patent/WO2017109286A1/en
Publication of EP3185268A1 publication Critical patent/EP3185268A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3185268B1 publication Critical patent/EP3185268B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/60—Auxiliary means structurally associated with the switch for cleaning or lubricating contact-making surfaces
    • H01H1/605—Cleaning of contact-making surfaces by relatively high voltage pulses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/22—Operation of door or gate contacts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0031—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/60—Auxiliary means structurally associated with the switch for cleaning or lubricating contact-making surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2231/00—Applications
    • H01H2231/03—Elevator

Definitions

  • the invention concerns in general the technical field of elevator solutions. Especially the invention concerns maintenance of electrical conductivity in the elevator solutions.
  • Electrical contacts have wide range of application areas, wherein is a need to pass electrical current in a controlled manner from a first conductive material, such as metal, to another conductive material.
  • the control may e.g. be achieved by adjusting a gap between the first and the other conductive material.
  • Commonly known electrical contacts are e.g. electrical switches, relays and breakers.
  • Typical contact material is silver or a silver alloy having small amounts of nickel or copper therein, for example.
  • a fault in a safety related electrical contact may e.g. stop the elevator and/or cause cancellation of position information which result delays in the operation.
  • At least one root cause for failures in the electrical contacts is degradation of conductive properties of the material used in the electrical contact or contacts.
  • the degradation may originate from a contamination of the contact surfaces with foreign substances, such as dust and/or chemical vapors.
  • the contamination may at least partially be prevented by ensuring that the air in the electrical contact space is as clean as possible.
  • the question is if the electrical contacts shall be replaced with new ones or if they shall be cleaned in one way or another. Both these options generate costs in the use of elevators, which is not desirable. For this reason there already exist some technical solutions for cleaning the electrical contacts.
  • WO 2011/133163 A1 discloses one solution by means of any contamination in contacts of an elevator safety circuit may be removed. This is done by providing voltage pulse having an appropriate voltage level to the contacts.
  • the document US 6800965 B1 discloses a prior art solution for improving a power consumption of a switch input circuit.
  • the document discloses a concept of wetting circuit which may be used for cleaning contacts in the circuit.
  • the document DE 19513615 A1 discloses a contact detector for detecting an open and closed state of an electrical contact in which alternating current is used for achieving information if a certain contact is in open or closed state even if abrasion or corrosion is occurred in the electrical contact.
  • an arrangement for purging at least one electrical contact of an elevator safety circuit comprising: at least one electrical contact comprising a first contact point and a second contact point coupled to a control unit in the first contact point and to a load in the second contact point, wherein the electrical contact is configured to establish a conductive path across the contact points when the first contact point and the second contact point are in electrically conductive contact with each other and to interrupt a conductive path across the contact points when the first contact point and the second contact point are separated; a capacitor coupled between the second contact point of the electrical contact and a third voltage, V3; wherein the control unit is configured to selectively introduce a first voltage, V1, and a second voltage, V2, to the electrical contact at a high frequency, such as 1000 Hz.
  • the control circuit in the arrangement may be configured to determine a voltage difference over the at least one electrical contact when the first contact point and the second contact point are in electrically conductive contact and either the first voltage, V1, or the second voltage, V2, is introduced to the at least one electrical contact.
  • the control circuit may also be configured to selectively introduce the first voltage and the second voltage in response to a detection that the voltage difference over the at least one electrical contact exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the control circuit may also be configured to receive an indication of an operational state of an entity wherein the safety circuit is arranged in order to determine a need for selectively introducing the first voltage, V1, and the second voltage, V2, to the electrical contact.
  • a method for purging at least one electrical contact of an elevator safety circuit comprising: a control unit; at least one electrical contact comprising a first contact point and a second contact point coupled to a control unit in the first contact point and to a load in the second contact point, wherein the electrical contact is configured to establish a conductive path across the contact points when the first contact point and the second contact point are in electrically conductive contact with each other and to interrupt a conductive path across the contact points when the first contact point and the second contact point are separated; a capacitor coupled between the second contact point of the electrical contact and a third voltage, V3; wherein the method comprising: selectively introducing a first voltage, V1, and a second voltage, V2, to the electrical contact at a high frequency, such as 1000 Hz, by the control unit.
  • the method may further comprise, prior to the selectively introducing the first voltage, V1, and the second voltage, V2, to the electrical contact by the control unit, a step of determining a need for selectively introducing the first voltage, V1, and the second voltage, V2, to the electrical contact.
  • the determination may comprise steps of: determining a voltage difference over the at least one electrical contact when the first contact point and the second contact point are in electrically conductive contact and either the first voltage, V1, or the second voltage, V2, is introduced to the at least one electrical contact; and triggering of selective introduction of the first voltage and the second voltage to the electrical contact in response to a detection that the voltage difference over the at least one electrical contact exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the method may further comprise: receiving, in the control unit, an indication of an operational state of an entity wherein the safety circuit is arranged to in order to determine a need for selectively introducing the first voltage, V1, and the second voltage, V2, to the electrical contact.
  • the present invention relates to a solution for purging at least one electrical contact in an elevator safety circuit.
  • An example of such an arrangement is schematically illustrated in Figure 1 .
  • the arrangement comprises at least one electrical contact 110 comprising a first contact point 112 and a second contact point 114.
  • the at least one electrical contact is coupled to a control unit 120 in the first contact point 112 and to a load 130 in the second contact point 114.
  • the load may be, but is not limited to, an electric motor providing power to an entity, such as a door, in the elevator.
  • the load may also be a measuring device configured to monitor certain parameter in the elevator and/or a voltage meter arranged to measure voltage level on the second side of the elevator contact.
  • the electrical contact 110 is configured to establish a conductive path across the contact points 112, 114 when the first contact point 112 and the second contact point 114 are in electrically conductive contact with each other and to interrupt a conductive path across the contacts 112, 114 when the first contact point 112 and the second contact point 114 are separated i.e. the electrically conductive contact is broken.
  • the control unit 120 is configured at least to control input of two voltage levels V1, V2 differing from each other to the electrical contact 110.
  • the control of input refers to a provision of the voltages V1 and V2 to the electrical contact 110.
  • the control unit 120 may be implemented so that there may be arranged two electrical components to operate as controllable switches, which are alternatively conducting.
  • the arrangement in the elevator safety circuit comprises a capacitor coupled between the second contact 114 and a third voltage V3.
  • a capacitance of the capacitor 140 is advantageously selected so that the current for the 130 load is applicable in a frequency the voltages V1 and V2 are selectively input to the electrical contact 110.
  • the voltage level V3 is selected so that the charging of the capacitor 140 may be adjusted to the application area.
  • control unit 120 is configured to control the input of the voltages V1 and V2 in a predetermined frequency to the electrical contact 110.
  • the electrical contact 110 is arranged in electrically conductive state when the voltages V1 and V2 are input.
  • the input of the voltages V1 and V2 causes the capacitor 140 to charge and the current input to the load 130 is dependent on the capacitance of the capacitor 140 and the frequency used for inputting the voltages V1 and V2 in the arrangement.
  • the frequency in which the voltages V1 and V2 are selectively input to the electrical contact 110 shall be high, such as 1000 Hz, in order to achieve desired effect.
  • the desired effect is that at least part of contamination, such as dust and/or chemical vapors, formed on the surfaces of the first contact point 112 and the second contact point 114 may be purged.
  • the purge is based on a phenomenon in which the input voltages V1 and V2 and their switching frequency cause heating of the electrical contact, i.e. the first and the second contact points 112, 114, when they are in electrically conductive state.
  • the foreign substances, such as impurities, on the surfaces of the electrical contacts get also heated in response to applying voltages V1 and V2 at high frequency to the electrical contact 110 and this causes at least partial purging of the electrical contact from impurities.
  • dielectric dissipation factor is the higher the higher the frequency in which the voltage is applied to the material in question i.e. increases heating of the impurities and even at least partial burning of them apart from the contact surfaces.
  • the safety circuits may comprise multiple electrical contacts in order to improve safety.
  • the present invention as schematically illustrated in Figure 2 , may also be applied to in such implementations.
  • the multiple electrical contacts 110A, 110B, 110C may be purged with the present invention by arranging the control unit 120 to provide voltage levels V1, V2 to all electrical contacts 110A, 110B, 110C.
  • capacitors 140A, 140B, 140C are arranged to each electrical contact branch as described. The number of branches is not limited to three, as illustrated in Figure 2 , but may vary.
  • Some aspects of the present invention relate to determination if the purge of the electrical contact(s) shall be triggered or not. Namely, it may be advantageous to purge the electrical contact(s) periodically rather than constantly.
  • the periodic purging may be established by tying the triggering of the purging to a predetermined event.
  • a measuring device 310 such as voltage meter, is arranged to determine voltage difference over the electrical contact 110. This is schematically illustrated in Figure 3 .
  • the electrical contact works properly and there is no foreign substance on the surfaces of the first and/or the second contact point.
  • the voltage difference exceeds a predetermined limit, it may be concluded that there is need to trigger the purging of the electrical contact in the manner as described.
  • the idea here is that the foreign substance increases resistance in the path which may be seen as a voltage drop between the measurement points.
  • the determination of the triggering of the purging may be performed, for example, by a control unit 120 into which measurement data from the measuring device 310 is input.
  • a device may be arranged to execute the measurement data analysis as well as outputting instructions for the control unit 120 in order to perform the purging.
  • the triggering of the purging may be arranged to be dependent on some predetermined event originating from a device or a system in which the safety circuit is implemented.
  • the purpose is to detect a conductive state of the electrical contact(s) in order to provide a purging signal, i.e. alternating current AC, to the electrical contact(s) at that time.
  • a purging signal i.e. alternating current AC
  • the control unit may be configured to monitor door status, i.e. if the door is open or closed, and based on this information trigger the purging of the electrical contacts in such instant of time that the electrical contact 110 is in a conductive state.
  • the provision of voltages V1 and V2, i.e. the purging signal may also be implemented so that the control unit 120 is configured to provide the purging signal for a predetermined period of time to the electrical contact 110.
  • the period of time may be determined in a control unit 120 with a timer implementation, which timer is initiated to run when the purging signal is input to the electrical contact 110.
  • the control unit may receive information from an external entity, such as a sensor, on an operational state of the electrical contact 110. Then the control unit 120 may be configured to trigger the control signal with a pre-condition that the electrical contact 110 is in a conductive state.
  • the control unit 120 may be configured to control the electrical contact(s) 110 in order to initiate the purging.
  • control unit 120 may be arranged so that the control unit 120 is arranged to be a slave for some master unit which operates the entity marked as load in the figures.
  • the master unit may deliver an indication signal to the control unit 120 and authorize the control unit 120 to control the electrical contacts, or any elements driving the electrical contacts to open and closed states, in order to perform the purging.
  • Figure 4 illustrates schematically a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a first voltage, V1, and a second voltage, V2 are selectively introduced 410 to at least one electrical contact 110 by a control unit 120 as described.
  • the method may comprise a step of determining 510 if there is a need for purging the one or more electrical contacts in the elevator safety circuit.
  • the determination may comprise a measurement of a parameter by means of which it is possible to make a decision if the surfaces of the contact points in the electrical contact are at least partly covered with impurities or not.
  • a parameter may be a voltage over the electrical contact, as already described.
  • the determination may also comprise an analysis of the measured parameter in order to determine if there is need for purging.
  • the determination may comprise a monitoring of a certain event relating to the safety circuit. For example, it may comprise a determination of an operational state of the safety circuit or an entity into which the safety circuit is arranged. The triggering, i.e. introduction of the first and the second voltages to the at least one electrical contact, is initiated in response to a detection that the operational state meets a predetermined criterion or criteria.
  • the determination of a need for purging may also comprise a step to confirm that the at least one electrical contact is in an electrically conductive state.
  • the voltage levels V1 and V2 are selected so that the voltage level of the AC current generated through selective introduction of the first and the second voltages to the electrical contact is 50 V in maximum. This meets extra low voltage limit defined for elevator solutions and thus mitigates need to implement additional safety solutions in order to handle any high currents possibly generated in the safety circuit.
  • the AC current used in safety circuits is typically around 100 mA, which may be at least partly achieved in the present invention by optimal selection of the capacitor in the circuit.
  • the capacitor or the capacitors operates in the circuit so that it, or they, generates high current, such as 20...1000 mA, to the electrical contact with the AC current.
  • the capacitor functions also as a filter towards the load.
  • a rating of the capacitor is at least partly dependent on a rise time of the voltage which, in turn, is at least partly dependent on internal resistances of components and any external current limiting resistances if used, among other possible reasons.
  • a capacitance value of an applicable capacitor with 50 ⁇ s rise time is 1 ⁇ F and such a capacitance generates a current peak of ⁇ 0,5 A.

Landscapes

  • Elevator Control (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Anordnung zum Säubern mindestens eines elektrischen Kontakts einer Aufzugssicherheitsschaltung, wobei der mindestens eine Kontakt (110) einen ersten Kontaktpunkt (112) und einen zweiten Kontaktpunkt (114) aufweist, wobei die Anordnung Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Steuereinheit (120), wobei die Steuereinheit (120) mit dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110) an dem ersten Kontaktpunkt (112) gekoppelt ist, wobei der elektrische Kontakt (110) ausgelegt ist zum Herstellen eines leitenden Pfads über die Kontaktpunkte (112; 114), wenn der erste Kontaktpunkt (112) und der zweite Kontaktpunkt (114) in elektrisch leitendem Kontakt miteinander stehen, und zum Unterbrechen eines leitenden Pfads über die Kontaktpunkte (112; 114), wenn der erste Kontaktpunkt (112) und der zweite Kontaktpunkt (114) getrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Kondensator (140), zwischen den zweiten Kontaktpunkt (114) des elektrischen Kontakts (110) und eine dritte Spannung (V3) geschaltet,
    wobei die Steuereinheit (102) ausgelegt ist zum selektiven Anlegen einer ersten Spannung (V1) und einer zweiten Spannung (V2) an den elektrischen Kontakt (110) mit einer hohen Frequenz, wie etwa 1000 Hz.
  2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Steuereinheit (120) ausgelegt ist zum Bestimmen einer Spannungsdifferenz über dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110), wenn der erste Kontaktpunkt (112) und der zweite Kontaktpunkt (114) in elektrisch leitendem Kontakt stehen und entweder die erste Spannung (V1) oder die zweite Spannung (V2) an dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110) angelegt ist.
  3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Steuereinheit (120) ausgelegt ist zum selektiven Anlegen der ersten Spannung (V1) und der zweiten Spannung (V2) als Reaktion auf eine Detektion, dass die Spannungsdifferenz über dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110) eine vorbestimmte Grenze übersteigt.
  4. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Steuereinheit (120) ausgelegt ist zum Empfangen einer Anzeige eines Betriebszustands einer Entität, wobei die Sicherheitsschaltung dafür eingerichtet ist, eine Notwendigkeit für selektives Anlegen der ersten Spannung (V1) und der zweiten Spannung (V2) an den elektrischen Kontakt (110) zu bestimmen.
  5. Verfahren zum Säubern mindestens eines elektrischen Kontakts einer Aufzugssicherheitsschaltung, wobei der mindestens eine elektrische Kontakt (110) einen ersten Kontaktpunkt (112) und einen zweiten Kontaktpunkt (114) aufweist, wobei das Verfahren mit einer Anordnung implementiert ist, die Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Steuereinheit (120), wobei die Steuereinheit (120) mit dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110) an dem ersten Kontaktpunkt (112) gekoppelt ist, wobei der elektrische Kontakt (110) ausgelegt ist zum Herstellen eines leitenden Pfads über die Kontaktpunkte (112; 114), wenn der erste Kontaktpunkt (112) und der zweite Kontaktpunkt (114) in elektrisch leitendem Kontakt miteinander stehen, und zum Unterbrechen eines leitenden Pfads über die Kontaktpunkte (112; 114), wenn der erste Kontaktpunkt (112) und der zweite Kontaktpunkt (114) getrennt sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Kondensator (140), zwischen den zweiten Kontaktpunkt (114) des elektrischen Kontakts (110) und eine dritte Spannung (V3) geschaltet,
    und dass das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    - selektives Anlegen (410) einer ersten Spannung (V1) und einer zweiten Spannung (V2) an den elektrischen Kontakt (110) mit einer hohen Frequenz, wie etwa 1000 Hz, durch die Steuereinheit (120).
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Verfahren ferner, vor dem selektiven Anlegen der ersten Spannung (V1) und der zweiten Spannung (V2) an den elektrischen Kontakt (110) durch die Steuereinheit (120), einen Schritt des Bestimmens (510) einer Notwendigkeit für selektives Anlegen (410) der ersten Spannung (V1) und der zweiten Spannung (V2) an den elektrischen Kontakt (110) umfasst.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Bestimmung (510) die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Bestimmen einer Spannungsdifferenz über dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110), wenn der erste Kontaktpunkt (112) und der zweite Kontaktpunkt (114) in elektrisch leitendem Kontakt stehen und entweder die erste Spannung (V1) oder die zweite Spannung (V2) an dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110) angelegt ist, und
    - selektives Anlegen (410) der ersten Spannung und der zweiten Spannung an den elektrischen Kontakt (110), als Reaktion auf eine Detektion, dass die Spannungsdifferenz über dem mindestens einen elektrischen Kontakt (110) eine vorbestimmte Grenze übersteigt.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verfahren ferner umfasst:
    - Empfangen, in der Steuereinheit (110), einer Anzeige eines Betriebszustands einer Entität, wobei die Sicherheitsschaltung dafür eingerichtet ist, eine Notwendigkeit für selektives Anlegen der ersten Spannung (V1) und der zweiten Spannung (V2) an den elektrischen Kontakt (110) zu bestimmen.
EP15201617.6A 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Anordnung und verfahren zur reinigung eines elektrischen kontakts Active EP3185268B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15201617.6A EP3185268B1 (de) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Anordnung und verfahren zur reinigung eines elektrischen kontakts
PCT/FI2016/050906 WO2017109286A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2016-12-21 An arrangement and a method for purging an electrical contact

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15201617.6A EP3185268B1 (de) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Anordnung und verfahren zur reinigung eines elektrischen kontakts

Publications (2)

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EP3185268A1 EP3185268A1 (de) 2017-06-28
EP3185268B1 true EP3185268B1 (de) 2018-10-10

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WO (1) WO2017109286A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR0150868B1 (ko) * 1994-04-11 1998-10-01 모리타 류이치로 조명장치내장형 치과용 시린지
AU731189B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2001-03-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh A switch input circuit
JP3625472B1 (ja) * 2004-04-05 2005-03-02 富士通テン株式会社 接点腐食防止装置
FI119231B (fi) * 2006-12-08 2008-09-15 Kone Corp Menetelmä, järjestelmä ja ohjelmistotuote hissin turvakytkinten kunnon seuraamiseksi
EP2560908A4 (de) * 2010-04-23 2017-11-15 Otis Elevator Company Sicherheitsschaltung
US9355791B2 (en) * 2012-11-19 2016-05-31 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Discrete input circuit
US9837219B2 (en) * 2013-12-27 2017-12-05 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Switch contact wetting with low peak instantaneous current draw
US9466444B2 (en) * 2014-05-27 2016-10-11 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Remote switch contact quality maintenance

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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WO2017109286A1 (en) 2017-06-29
EP3185268A1 (de) 2017-06-28

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