EP3179022B1 - Gate, especially sectional gate and gate drive - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door, in particular a sectional door or side sectional door, which comprises a plurality of interconnected panels which are guided in rollers by guide rollers. The door leaf can be moved at least from a fully open to a closed position via a door drive.

To close the openings of buildings, garages or the like, gates are generally used which are available in a wide variety of designs, for example in the form of swing gates, tilting gates, roller gates, swing gates or also as sectional gates. In sectional doors, the door leaf consists of several panels that are connected to each other, each of which is guided by rollers in guide rails. These sectional doors are moved from a closed position to an open position by being guided along the guide rails under the ceiling, for example the garage.

For reasons of manufacturing costs, assembly costs and also for optical reasons, it is actually desirable to assemble the door from panels that are as small as possible. However, in order to be able to pull the rollers of the door along the side guide rails, it is necessary that the width of the successive panels is comparatively small so that the roller pairs can run along the guide rails without polygons. The wider the individual panels become, the greater the radius of the curved transition area of the guide rails in order to ensure smooth running. A comparatively large radius of the transition area of the guide rails in turn leads to a large fall above the opening which is to be closed with the garage door. This makes sectional doors with large panels essentially suitable for construction situations in which there is enough space above the door opening to arrange the guide rails. Prefabricated garages in particular, in which only a comparatively low lintel is provided, cannot usually be provided with sectional doors with large panels, since there is no sufficiently high lintel available here.

On the other hand, it is desirable that an air exchange with the surroundings is achieved if desired, even when closing with a gate. For this purpose, it is already known to use different types of ventilation systems. For example, the top panel can be provided with ventilation slots. Alternatively, the bottom panel in the area of the closing edge can be provided with a combination of a sealing and ventilation profile.

Independent of the known solutions, ventilation systems are also known in which the top panel is folded away in the completely closed position of the door by a pivoting movement in order to allow the area separated by the door to be exchanged with the surroundings.

From the DE 20 2006 013 676 U1 A solution is known in which the door leaf is brought into a ventilation position by the fact that the door drive which is present anyway is used to move the door leaf to tilt the door leaf into a ventilation position. In this case, however, the door is pivoted by the driver driven by the door drive into an area of the uppermost, freely tiltable panel, the entire door being lifted from the floor by a gap. This results in a ventilation gap in the floor area and a ventilation gap in the upper panel area. However, the formation of the gap area on the floor is undesirable since vermin, for example rats or mice, can slip through the gap here. In addition, a burglar could also pry open the gate more easily after the appropriate gap has been created using a suitable caulking tool. To prevent this, the DE 20 2006 013 676 U1 a separate locking device that secures the door leaf in a accessible ventilation position.

From the DE 20 2008 001 121 Another solution is known in which the top panel of a door leaf consisting of several panels can be tilted without creating a gap between the floor and a panel near the bottom (bottom panel). The tilting functionality of the top panel is achieved by guiding a pair of castors connected to the top panel in a separate guide rail. The course of the guide rail disclosed in this document is discussed in detail later Fig. 1 shown. It can be seen that the guide rail for the uppermost pair of rollers runs essentially horizontally, then changes into a downward bend, which at a kink changes directly into an upward bend. To tilt the top panel, the upwardly extending bend of the guide rails, which starts from the kink, is used to allow the panel to tilt.

A disadvantage of the embodiment described above is that the travel speed of the door leaf or the panels is reduced to zero must when the uppermost pair of rollers reaches the kink, i.e. the low point of the guide rails specially provided for the top pair of rollers. At this point, the slope of the guide rail provided for the uppermost pair of rollers changes abruptly, so that the travel speed of the door or the pair of rollers must be reduced very much when this kink point is reached, or even reduced to zero or a value close to zero. A particularly precise sensor system is required to reliably determine the point at which the kink is reached. Furthermore, it is disadvantageous for the travel motor of the door leaf or for the door drive that the motor drive cannot simply start and stop during a closing or opening process, but that at the predetermined point, namely when the top pair of rollers reaches the kink point, the motor drive must be braked specifically before it can start again. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that this inevitably leads to a shortening of the overall service life of the drive, since starting and braking the drive are among the most wear-intensive states of a drive.

Starting from the previously known prior art, the task is to develop a generic door in such a way that it is possible to make the door drive less robust and still maintain the tilting functionality. Of course, it should also be ensured that the door touches the floor during the ventilation position.

This object is achieved by a gate according to claim 1.

Accordingly, the door, which in particular can be a sectional door, comprises a door leaf which has a plurality of panels connected to one another, pairs of rollers which are connected to one of the plurality of panels and which are designed to guide a respective panel in guide rails, the door comprises a top pair of rollers, a bottom pair of rollers and at least one middle pair of rollers, and the top pair of rollers, the bottom pair of rollers and at least one center pair of rollers each in separate Guide rails run. The door according to the invention is further characterized in that the guide rails of the uppermost pair of rollers have a course which has a trough-like shape on one section, which corresponds to a differentiable function.

The course of the guide rails for the uppermost pair of rollers has a trough-like shape, that is to say it has a bulge in comparison to a straight extension. This has the advantage that the uppermost panel can be tilted to ventilate the space to be closed with the door by moving the uppermost pair of rollers, which is connected to the uppermost panel, into the trough in the direction of the trough bottom. This only triggers a tilting movement of the top panel, so that there is no pulling movement of the other panels, which would lead to the door opening.

In addition, it is advantageous for the drive of the door that the travel speed from an open state of the door to a closed state of the door only has to be braked at a start and an end point and not at a kink as in the prior art the guide rails belonging to the top pair of rollers. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the trough shape does not have any kinks that would make such behavior necessary.

The fact that the guide rail according to the invention has no kink for the uppermost pair of rollers is taken into account in particular in that the trough-like shape corresponds to a differentiable function. A differentiable function is characterized by the fact that the derivation is unique at every position, i.e. it has no peaks or kinks. The feature after the travel of the top pair of rollers through the guide rails corresponds to a differentiable function or the guide rails provide a travel that corresponds to a differentiable function ensures that the guide rails for the top pair of rollers have no kink in their travel.

Another advantage is that there is no longer any need for sensors that cause the top pair of rollers to stop at the exact point of kink with high reliability.
Overall, the trough-shaped guide rail is better for the drive motor of the door, since there is no braking and starting at the kink. The trough-shaped guide rails contain no kink or kink. In addition, the manufacture of the guide rails provided for the uppermost pair of rollers is simpler than those provided with a kink.

The course of the guide rails provided for the uppermost pair of rollers has a dimpled or trough-shaped shape in its trough-like section. It is also possible that the top pair of rollers can be in the trough-like course of the associated guide rails when the bottom pair of rollers has reached their end position, and the door is in a completely closed position when the top pair of rollers has passed through the trough-like profile of the guide rails . Starting from an open state of the door, the uppermost pair of rollers runs into the trough, crosses the trough valley and leaves the trough in order to achieve a completely closed state of the door. Retraction of the top pair of rollers from a closed gate state causes the top panel to tilt when the top pair moves in the direction of the trough. In order to reach a tilt position, it is of minor importance whether the top pair of rollers stops at the lowest point in the trough of the guide rails or not.
According to a further modification of the invention, the convex side of the trough-like section of the course of the guide rails is for the top one Pair of rollers aligned downward, and / or the guide rails for the top pair of rollers are aligned substantially horizontally.
The guide rails for the uppermost pair of rollers have a rectilinear section which merges into the trough-like section. The trough-like section falls out of the rectilinear section and then leads approximately back to the height of the rectilinear section after having passed through the Mulde valley. The guide rail designed in this way is arranged essentially horizontally, the horizontal orientation being able to be defined on the basis of the straight section. The trough is oriented so that the convex component seen from the straight section is oriented downwards towards the floor.
The guide rails for the uppermost pair of rollers are preferably arranged such that the end of a guide rail which is closer to the trough-like course is closer to the panels in a closed state of the door than the end of the guide rail is to the trough-like course. This expresses the fact that the trough-like course of the guide rails is arranged close to the panels in a closed state, so that the trough-like course can also bring about the tilting function of the uppermost panel.

According to the invention, the course of the respective guide rails, with its respective trough-like shape, corresponds to a dent-like or trough-like course, which falls from a straight section into a bend, thereby forming a first trough edge, producing the trough bottom with a further bend and producing the second trough edge with a last bend. Preferably, at the end of the second tub edge, the level of the rectilinear section that merges into the first tub edge is essentially reached again.

The uppermost pair of rollers preferably runs over the entire travel path during its opening or closing in its separate guide rails. The guide rails for the top pair of rollers are therefore only available exclusively to this pair of rollers and are not shared by another pair of rollers, for example a middle pair of rollers or the bottom pair of rollers.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the guide rails for the at least one middle pair of rollers comprise a substantially vertical and a substantially horizontal section, which are each connected to one another by an arcuate guide rail section.

It is also possible for the guide rails to consist at least partially of sheet metal profiles. Guide rails which at least partially consist of sheet metal profiles are particularly easy to manufacture and very robust.

However, the guide rails, in particular the guide rails for the uppermost pair of rollers, preferably consist of a plastic molded part in their curved region.

Furthermore, the invention comprises a door according to one of the embodiments described above, which consists of two or more, in particular three or four, panels.

According to a further optional modification of the invention, the door leaf can be moved from a fully open to a closed position via a door drive. Alternatively, however, the door leaf can also be moved manually from a fully open to a closed position, which is advantageous, for example, in the event of a defective motor.

According to a further embodiment, the door comprises a door drive for moving the door leaf between a fully open to a closed position and vice versa with a drive motor, a guide device, a driver which is movable along the guide device by the drive motor and which is connected to the door leaf, and a controller .

The invention also relates to a door drive for moving the door leaf of a door according to the last-described embodiment, the door drive being characterized in that at least one ventilation position can first be approached by the control when the door is opened from the completely closed state by the top panel is tilted, the top pair of rollers is located in the trough-like course of the associated guide rails.

Different ventilation positions can preferably be set in different tilt angles by tapping the top panel.

Fig. 1

ein Tor nach dem Stand der Technik, das in den Führungsschienen, die das oberste Laufrollenpaar aufnehmen, einen Knick aufweist,

Fig. 2

ein erfindungsgemäßes Tor, deren Führungsschienen für das oberste Laufrollenpaar einen Verlauf aufweisen, der in einem Abschnitt eine muldenartige Form besitzt,

Fig. 3

ein erfindungsgemäßes Tor, bei dem die Führungsschienen für das mindestens eine mittlere Laufrollenpaar gekürzt sind,

Fig 4a

eine Seitenansicht der Führungsschienen gemäß einer Ausführungsform, welche nicht Teil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist,

Fig. 4b

eine Seitenansicht in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung der Führungsschienen gemäß Fig. 4a, und

Fig. 4c

eine Querschnittsansicht einer Führungsschiene.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become clear in connection with the description of the drawings listed below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a gate according to the prior art, which has a kink in the guide rails which accommodate the uppermost pair of rollers,

Fig. 2

a door according to the invention, the guide rails for the uppermost pair of rollers have a course which has a trough-like shape in one section,

Fig. 3

a door according to the invention, in which the guide rails for the at least one middle pair of rollers are shortened,

Fig. 4a

2 shows a side view of the guide rails according to an embodiment which is not part of the present invention,

Fig. 4b

a side view in a spaced-apart arrangement of the guide rails according to Fig. 4a , and

Fig. 4c

a cross-sectional view of a guide rail.

In Fig. 1 a gate 90 is shown in simplified form in perspective, which serves to close the opening of a prefabricated garage. This gate is already known from the prior art. It is typical of the door known in the prior art that the guide rails 91, in which the uppermost pair of rollers 92 are guided, have a kink. The kink is marked with the reference number 93. The disadvantages associated with this have already been discussed in the introductory part of the application, which is why a renewed discussion will be dispensed with.

Fig. 2 shows a section of a gate 1 shown in perspective in a simplified form, which is designed as a sectional gate. It has a total of three panels 21, 22, 23 which are articulated to one another in a known manner. The lower edge of the lowermost panel 21 also forms a closing edge in a known manner. Pairs of rollers 31, 32, 33 are arranged on the panels, of which only a part of the pair is visible. An uppermost pair of rollers 33 is arranged laterally at the uppermost end of the upper panel 23. A first middle pair of rollers 32 is arranged in the upper region of the panel 22 adjoining the top panel at the bottom, while the bottom panel 21 has a middle pair of rollers 32 in its upper region and a bottom pair of rollers 31 in its lower region near the closing edge. The pairs of rollers 31, 32, 33 run in separate guide rails 41, 42, 43 each arranged on the side.

Thus, a guide rail 42 of the guide rail system is provided for the middle pairs of rollers 32, which consists in a known manner of a vertical and a horizontal area and an area connecting them in an arcuate manner.

Gate 1 is in Fig. 2 completely closed, whereby it is pulled upwards into the garage in order to transfer it into a partially open or into an open state in a driver, not shown, along the individual travel paths of the guide rails 41, 42, 43. In this case, the top panel 23 is first tilted backwards from the closed state of the gate 1, so that the top pair of rollers 33 lies in the trough-like section of the guide rails 43.

For a transition of the garage door 1 from a closed to an open state, a tensile force is applied in the vicinity of the upper edge of the uppermost panel 23 towards the inside of the garage, which due to the trough-like section 5 during the closed position does not slow down or vice versa must be reduced to zero or a value close to zero.

Fig. 3 shows an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in which the guide rails 42 of the at least one middle roller pair 32 are shortened. It is not necessary to let the middle guide rails 42 run close to a floor area or to extend the entire length of the guide rails 43 for the uppermost pair of rollers 33. As in Fig. 3 As can be seen, this results from the fact that even in the closed state of the door leaf 2, the bottom panel 21 with its central pair of rollers 32 does not come close to the area near the floor.

Conversely, this also applies to the uppermost panel 23, which, when the door 1 is in a fully open state, does not get near the uppermost pair of rollers 33 with its middle pair of rollers 32. Therefore, the Guide rails 42 are shortened accordingly for the at least one medium pair of rollers.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the door equipped according to the invention was provided with a door drive. However, the invention does not depend on the presence of a corresponding door operator. A gate according to the present invention can also be moved manually without departing from the inventive concept. As far as the door is moved manually, the uppermost tiltable panel can be provided with a lock in order to fix and / or secure it in a desired ventilation position.

Fig. 4a shows a further embodiment, which, however, is not part of the present invention, in which the guide rails 43, 41 for the uppermost and the lowest pair of rollers are essentially connected by linear guide rail elements which are connected to one another.

It can be seen that the guide rail 43 for the uppermost pair of rollers is arranged essentially on a straight line, from which only the trough-shaped form 5 deviates. This is implemented by two rectilinear guide rail elements 51, 52, which together form a V-shape. The two distal ends of the V-shape are connected to the guide rail elements arranged on a straight line.

The guide rail 41 for the bottom pair of rollers consists of a connection of two essentially straight guide rail elements.

The construction of the guide rails with the straight-line elements is advantageous in terms of production costs, since the materials used for this do not have to be bent.

Fig. 4b shows the individual guide rails according to the in Fig. 4a illustrated embodiment in a view spaced from the other guide rails.

Fig. 4c shows the cross section of a guide rail. It can be seen in cross section that the guide rail has a running channel 61 in which the rollers or the rollers are moved. A side wall 62 adjoins one side of the channel 61 and is typically used to produce a fastening with a wall element of a building. In cross section, a roof 63 adjoins the side wall 62 to prevent dirt from entering. An opening is provided between the end of the roof 63 protruding from the side wall 62 and the end of the channel 61 remote from the side wall 62, through which an opening is made with the gate guided in the guide rail.

Claims (14)

1. Door (1), in particular a sectional door, comprising:

   a door leaf (2) which includes several interconnected panels (21, 22, 23),

   pairs of track rollers (31, 32, 33) which are connected with one of the several panels (21, 22, 23) and are designed to guide a respective panel (21, 22, 23) in guide rails (41 42, 43), wherein

   the door (1) comprises an uppermost pair of track rollers (33), a bottommost pair of track rollers (31) and at least one middle pair of track rollers (32), and

   the uppermost pair of track rollers (33), the bottommost pair of track rollers (31) and the at least one middle pair of track rollers (32) each run in separate guide rails (41, 42, 43),

   characterized in that

   the guide rails (43) of the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) have a course which in one portion has an essentially symmetrical, trough-like shape (5), which corresponds to a differentiable function, wherein the course of the respective guide rails (43) with its trough-like shape (5) preferably corresponds to a dent-shaped or a pan-shaped course that declines in a bend from a linear portion, thereby forms a first pan edge, with a further bend produces the pan bottom and with a last bend produces the second pan edge.
2. Door (1) according to claim 1, wherein the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) can be located in the trough-like part (5) of the associated guide rails (43), when the bottommost pair of track rollers (31) has reached its end position, and the door (1) is in a completely closed position when the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) has gone through the trough-like part (5) of the guide rails (43).
3. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the convex side of the trough-like portion (5) of the course of the guide rails (43) for the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) is oriented downwards and/or preferably the guide rails (43) for the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) substantially are oriented horizontally.
4. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the guide rails (43) for the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) have a substantially linear part (52) which transitions into the trough-like part (5) and/or with respect to which the trough-like part is defined, and wherein preferably the guide rails (43) for the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) are arranged such that in a closed state of the door (1) the end of a guide rail (43) closer to the trough-like part (5) is positioned closer to the panels (21, 22, 23) than the end of the guide rails (43) which is further away from the trough-like part (5).
5. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein during opening or closing of the door (1) the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) is running in its separate guide rails (43) along the entire path of movement.
6. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the guide rails (42) for the at least one middle pair of track rollers (32) comprise a substantially vertical and a substantially horizontal portion, which each are connected with each other by an arc-shaped guide rail portion.
7. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the guide rails (41, 42, 43) at least partly consist of sheet-metal sections.
8. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the guide rails (41, 42, 43), in particular the guide rails (43) for the uppermost pair of track rollers (33), consist of a molded plastic part in their bent region.
9. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of three or four panels (21, 22, 23).
10. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the door leaf (2) can be transferred from a completely open into a closed position by means of a door drive.
11. Door (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the door leaf (2) can manually be transferred from a completely open into a closed position.
12. Door (12) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a door drive for moving a door leaf (2) between a completely open into a closed position and vice versa, comprising a drive motor, a guiding device, a carrier movable by the drive motor along the guiding device, which carrier is connected with the door leaf (2), and a controller.
13. Door according to claim 12, characterized in that on opening of the door (1) from the completely closed state at least one ventilation position initially can be moved to by the controller, in that the uppermost panel (23) is tilted, the uppermost pair of track rollers (33) hence is located in the trough-like part (5) of the associated guide rails (43).
14. Door according to claim 13, wherein different ventilation positions are adjustable by tilting the uppermost panel (23) by different tilt angles.

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