EP3118946A1 - Slip ring and slip ring unit with slip ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a slip ring comprising a dielectric carrier body (1, 1 ') with a peripheral lateral surface (1.4) and radially oriented feedthroughs (1.1, 1.2) and a first conductor element (10.1) and a second conductor element (20.1). The conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) are arranged in a circumferential direction in a first section (10.11, 20.11) parallel to the axial offset (a) on the lateral surface (1.4) and run in a second section (10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13) in FIG the bushings (1.1, 1.2) with radial direction component. The first sections (10.11, 20.11) extend in the circumferential direction each over a first angular range (± 10, ± 20) of less than 360 °, so that along the circumferential direction of the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) each in a second angular range (²10 , 220) has a discontinuity (u10, u20). Furthermore, the feedthroughs (1.1, 1.2) are arranged so that the second angle range (²10) of the first conductor element (10.1) is offset relative to the second angle range (²20) of the second conductor element (20.1) in the circumferential direction, wherein the first and the second conductor element (10.1, 20.1) are electrically connected to one another. (Figure 6)

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to a slip ring according to claim 1 and a slip ring unit comprising such a slip ring according to claim 10.

A slip ring unit usually comprises two component groups, namely a stator and a rotor. The stator often comprises at least one brush unit, whereas the rotor usually has a series of slip rings. In operation brushes of the brush units have sliding contact with the shell sides of the rotating slip rings. Such slip ring units are used in many technical fields to transmit electrical signals or electrical power from a stationary to a rotating electrical unit or in the opposite direction.

STATE OF THE ART

In the patent US 5224138 discloses a slip ring having a cylindrical carrier body made of insulating material, on the lateral surface of a conductor strip is arranged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention has for its object to provide a slip ring for a slip ring unit, which is particularly suitable for the transmission of high-frequency currents or signals, while allowing a simple and economical production.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and of claim 10.

Accordingly, the slip ring comprises a dielectric carrier body with a peripheral lateral surface and radially oriented passages which penetrate the lateral surface or the carrier body. Furthermore, the slip ring comprises a first and a second conductor element, wherein the conductor elements each have a first portion and a second portion. In the first section, the two conductor elements are arranged to extend in the circumferential direction parallel to the axial offset on the lateral surface. In the second section, the conductor elements run in the bushings with a radial direction component. In each case, the first section extends over a first angular range of less than 360 °, so that there is a discontinuity along the circumferential direction of the conductor elements in each case in a second angular range. Furthermore, the bushings are arranged such that the second angle range of the first conductor element is arranged offset relative to the second angle range of the second conductor element in the circumferential direction. The first and second conductor elements are electrically connected together. In particular, then the first and the second conductor element are assigned to one and the same track.

The first sections of the two conductor elements therefore extend parallel to the axial offset, in particular in circular arc form on the lateral surface in the circumferential direction, while the second sections of the conductor elements in the passages extend in particular in a straight line with a radial directional component.

The term lateral surface is to be understood below according to the geometric definition for a cylindrical body, wherein the slip ring is cylindrical, may be configured in particular hollow cylindrical or annular. The lateral surface is in particular the peripheral outer surface of the slip ring, but it can also be understood below the circumferential inner surface under this term.

In particular, the first angle range and the second angle range along a circumferential line of a conductor element are dimensioned such that they extend in total over 360 °, ie over the full circumference.

The term discontinuity in the following means a point along a circumferential line, in which a conductor element at its outer diameter (in the case that the conductor elements are mounted on the outer lateral surface) or at its inner diameter (in the case that the conductor elements on the inner circumferential surface are mounted) does not rotate on the carrier body. In particular, the ends of the first portion of a conductor element are spaced by a gap or a shock. Thus, for example, discontinuity can also be understood here as a gap or impact.

Thus, the discontinuity extends over a central angle corresponding to the second angular range, which is calculated in particular by the formula 360 ° minus the first angular range of the first portion of the conductor element.

Advantageously, the lateral surface comprises a first and a second circumferential groove, wherein the first conductor element is arranged in the first groove and the second conductor element in the second groove.

In a further development of the invention, the slip ring on a third conductor element, which is arranged in a first portion parallel with axial offset to the first and the second conductor element on the lateral surface extending in the circumferential direction. In addition, the third conductor element extends with radial direction component in a second section in bushings. The first section extends over a first angular range of less than 360 °, so that there is a discontinuity along the circumferential direction of the third conductor element in each case in a second angular range or along the second angular range. Furthermore, the Passages arranged so that the second angle range of the third conductor element is arranged offset relative to the second angle range of the first and / or the second conductor element in the circumferential direction, wherein the first, the second and the third conductor element are electrically connected together.

In an analogous manner, further conductor elements can be arranged on the carrier body, so that, for example, four or more conductor elements can be arranged in four or more grooves.

Advantageously, the first angular range extends over at least 270 °, in a further advantageous embodiment over 300 °, in particular over 340 °.

Alternatively, the slip ring can also be designed so that along a circumferential line a plurality of conductor elements are arranged in the circumferential direction lined up, so that occur along this circumferential line several discontinuities.

In a further embodiment of the invention is between the implementation of the first conductor element and the implementation of the second conductor element in the circumferential direction on the lateral surface a distance.

Advantageously, the conductor elements are each configured as a wire, which in particular has a cross section of less than 20 mm ² , in particular less than 10 mm ² , in particular less than 5 mm ² .

The wire can have a round cross-section, which can bring advantages in particular for the transmission of high-frequency signals.

Advantageously, the conductor elements are configured in one piece with their first and second sections.

Advantageously, the conductor elements are coated with a noble metal, for example gold.

According to a preferred construction, the electrical connection of the conductor elements is arranged radially inwardly with respect to the first section. In this construction, the conductor elements are arranged on the outer circumference of the carrier body.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the electrically interconnected conductor elements are associated with a track which is bounded by webs axially.

The invention also relates to a slip ring unit which comprises a corresponding slip ring and a brush unit with a brush. In the respective first section of a conductor element, the two conductor elements can be contacted in a sliding manner by the brush via the respective first angular region, wherein the first angular region extends over at least 270 °.

In an embodiment of the slip ring with three conductor elements, the slip ring unit can be configured such that at least two conductor elements in the respective first section of the relevant conductor element can be contacted in a sliding manner over the entire circumference by the brush.

Advantageously, the brush is made of a metal-containing material. In particular, from a non-carbonaceous material.

According to a preferred variant of the slip ring unit, the brush has a precious metal-containing, for example, gold-containing, surface.

The slip ring unit can in particular be constructed such that a conductor element can be doubly contacted by the brush. In this context, the brush advantageously has two free ends, each of which bears against one and the same conductor element with an offset in the circumferential direction. This arrangement can also be referred to as a double brush, which brings in particular a redundancy of the current or data transmission with it.

In a further embodiment of the invention, in particular those conductor elements which form a track in the first section axially surrounded by webs, which limit the axial mobility of the brush a larger outer diameter than the first portion of the conductor elements.

The slip ring unit is used for the transmission of electrical power and / or electrical signals, so for the transmission of information.

By the slip ring according to the invention or by the slip ring unit according to the invention high-frequency signals can be transmitted in a relatively simple manner. In particular, the special design of the slip ring proves advantageous in terms of a reduced electrical capacity.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention will remove the dependent claims.

Further details and advantages of the slip ring according to the invention or the slip ring unit according to the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Schleifringeinheit,

Figur 2

eine Seitenansicht der Schleifringeinheit,

Figur 3

eine Detailansicht auf die Mantelfläche des Schleifrings ohne Leiterelemente,

Figur 4

eine Detailansicht des Trägerkörpers des Schleifrings ohne Leiterelemente als Schnittdarstellung,

Figur 5

eine Detailansicht auf die Mantelfläche des Schleifrings mit den Leiterelementen,

Figur 6

eine Detailansicht des Schleifringsmit den Leiterelementen als Schnittdarstellung,

Figur 7

eine Detailansicht der Schleifringeinheit mit den Leiterelementen als Schnittdarstellung,

Figur 8

eine Detailansicht des Schleifrings mit den Leiterelementen als Schnittdarstellung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Figur 9

eine Detailansicht der Schleifringeinheit mit den Leiterelementen als Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Figur 10

eine Detailansicht der Schleifringeinheit mit den Leiterelementen als Schnittdarstellung gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.

It show the

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a slip ring unit,

FIG. 2

a side view of the slip ring unit,

FIG. 3

a detailed view of the lateral surface of the slip ring without conductor elements,

FIG. 4

a detailed view of the carrier body of the slip ring without conductor elements as a sectional view,

FIG. 5

a detailed view of the lateral surface of the slip ring with the conductor elements,

FIG. 6

a detailed view of the slip ring with the conductor elements as a sectional view,

FIG. 7

a detailed view of the slip ring unit with the conductor elements as a sectional view,

FIG. 8

a detailed view of the slip ring with the conductor elements as a sectional view according to a second embodiment,

FIG. 9

a detailed view of the slip ring unit with the conductor elements as a sectional view according to the second embodiment,

FIG. 10

a detailed view of the slip ring unit with the conductor elements as a sectional view according to a third embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

In the Figures 1 and 2 a slip ring unit is shown, which comprises a dielectric support body 1, which is designed substantially annular and a brush unit 2. Although the slip ring unit has a total of five tracks for transmitting five different currents or signals, only two tracks will be exemplified below Channels explained in detail. Accordingly, the other of the tracks or channels are not provided with reference numerals.

On the support body 1 or on its lateral surface 1.4 are conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2 arranged, wherein the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 of a first track and the conductor elements 10.2, 20.2 can be assigned to a second track. The brush unit 2 has a plurality of electrically conductive brushes 2.1, 2.2, which are fastened to a brush holder 2.3. In the exemplary embodiment presented, the brushes 2.1, 2.2 are each designed as wires, in particular with a round cross-section, which are preferably coated with gold. The first brush 2.1 belongs to the first track and the second brush 2.2 to the second track.

The slip ring unit is designed so that upon a relative rotation of the carrier body 1 or the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2 about an axis A is a current transmission, in particular a signal transmission between the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2 and the brushes 2.1, 2.2 is possible. In the illustrated embodiment, a conductor element 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2 contacted twice by a brush 2.1, 2.2, since each brush 2.1, 2.2 two areas each having a free end (double brush design). The ends are radially movable in the context of the elasticity of the brush 2.1, 2.2.

In the circumferential surface of the support body 1.4 1.4 grooves 1.41, 1.42 are incorporated, which are formed in the illustrated embodiment as a circumferential v-shaped grooves 1.41, 1.42 (see FIGS. 3 and 4 ). In this case, two grooves 1.41, 1.42 are provided for a track or a transmission channel in the illustrated embodiment. The Kehllinien the grooves 1.41, 1.42, so those lines that arise at the points where the two surfaces of a groove 1.41, 1.42 converge, are arranged at an axial distance a. The Kehllinien run perpendicular to the axis A in the circumferential direction. Axially between a pair of grooves 1.41, 1.42 webs 1.44 are arranged.

In the carrier body 1 are, as in the FIG. 3 represented, radially oriented feedthroughs 1.1, 1.2 or holes arranged, which penetrate the lateral surface 1.4, wherein the bushings 1.1, 1.2 are arranged on one and the same circumferential line at a distance U. In the region of the kinked lines, the bushings 1.1, 1.2 each have a recess 1.11, 1.21.

In the FIG. 5 is the same section of the slip ring as in FIG. 3 shown with the difference that in the FIG. 5 the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 of the first track and the conductor elements 10.2, 20.2 of the second track are mounted on the carrier body 1.

In the following, the detailed structure of the slip ring will be explained with reference to the first track. The material for the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 can be made available as a wound semi-finished product, so that the slip ring is comparatively inexpensive and economical to produce. In the course of this assembly, the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 are correspondingly cut to length and bent so that the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 have legs bent at their ends or second sections 10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13 ( FIG. 6 ).

Thereafter, the thus prepared conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 placed in the grooves 1.41, 1.42. The second sections 10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13 are inserted into the feedthroughs 1.1, 1.2, so that the second sections 10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13 or their ends protrude radially inward from the carrier body 1 ( FIG. 6 ). The conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 each have a first portion 10.1, 20.11, which runs in the respective groove 1.41, 1.42 in a circular arc around the axis A in the circumferential direction, in particular, the radial outer contour of the first sections 10.1, 20.11 extends along a circular arc. Through the recesses 1.11, 1.21 is a precisely fitting arrangement of the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 in the grooves 1.41, 1.42 in parallel with axial offset a possible.

After the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 are arranged on the carrier body 1, the second sections 10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13 or the ends of the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 are soldered together. In this case, a first solder joint 40.1 is generated, which connects the second sections 10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13 electrically and mechanically. In the FIG. 6 the solder joint 40.1 is indicated by a dotted line. Thus, the two conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 of the first track (which are thus arranged between two webs 1.44), by soldering the associated second portions 10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13 on the same electrical potential. In later operation of the slip ring unit, the signal of a channel is applied to the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1.

The remaining conductor elements 10.2, 20.2 are mounted analogously.

The conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2 are arranged in the grooves 1.41, 1.42 so that they each rotate in a wrap angle of less than 360 °. In other words, the first sections 10.11, 20.11 of the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 of the first track each extend along a circumferential line over a first angular range α10, α20 of less than 360 ° (in this case 355 °). Accordingly, there is along the circumferential direction of these conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 in each case in a second angular range β10, β20 a discontinuity u10, u20 or in each case a gap. The second angle ranges β10, β20 extend here over an angle of 5 °. In the exemplary embodiment presented, the first angle range α10, α20 in each case complements the second angle range β10, β20 to 360 °. Thus: $$\mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{10}+\mathrm{\beta }\mathrm{10}=\mathrm{360}\mathrm{°}=\mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{20}+\mathrm{\beta }\mathrm{20th}$$

Characterized in that the bushings 1.1, 1.2 are arranged so that the second angle range β10 of the first conductor element 10.1 is offset relative to the second angle range β20 of the second conductor element 20.1 in the circumferential direction, is a permanent contact of the brush 1.1 of the first track over a full Rotation with at least one of the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 of the first track possible.

Due to the staggered arrangement of the bushings 1.1, 1.2 extend the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2 in the grooves 1.41, 1.42 in such a way that the respective discontinuities u of a track in the circumferential direction by the dimension T are arranged offset from one another. The conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 thus each have a first section 10.1, 20.11 which runs in the groove 1.41, 1.42 in a circular arc around the axis A, in particular the radial outer contour of the first sections 10.1, 20.11 (ie outside the discontinuity u10, u20) along a circular arc.

In the FIG. 7 a detail view is shown in which the brushes 2.1, 2.2 are in sliding contact with the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 or 10.2, 20.2. The brushes 2.1, 2.2 are each configured in the form of a comparatively elastic electrically conductive metal wire, wherein the surfaces of the brushes 2.1, 2.2 are gold-plated. The brushes 2.1, 2.2 dip with a partial cross section between the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2, so that the brushes 2.1, 2.2 can not shift in the axial direction during operation of the slip ring unit. In particular, for example, in the first track, the brush 2.1 in the first section 10.11 of the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 with two conductor elements 10.1, 20.1 in electrical contact.

The slip ring unit is used for transmitting electrical signals, in particular high-frequency signals. The slip ring unit can transmit high data rates for example for Ethernet, Sercos data connections or other real-time data connections. In particular, it is ensured by the special construction that the brushes 2.1, 2.2 permanent contact with conductor elements 10.1, 20.1; 10.2, 20.2. Furthermore, the new design is characterized by a comparatively small electrical capacity in the transmission path, so that even extremely high-frequency signals are transferable.

According to a second embodiment according to FIG. 8 9, the first track comprises three grooves 1.41, 1.42, 1.43 in the lateral surface 1.4 of the carrier body 1 '. In these grooves 1.41, 1.42, 1.43 conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 are mounted in an analogous manner as in the first embodiment. Accordingly, here too, the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 are arranged in the grooves 1.41, 1.42, 1.43 so that they each rotate in a first angular range α10, α20, α30 of less than 360 °. As a result, a discontinuity u10, u20, u30 or a gap is present on the outer circumference of the respective conductor element 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 in a second angular range β10, β20, β30. By an offset arrangement of the feedthroughs 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 in the carrier body 1 ', the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 in the grooves 1.41, 1.42, 1.43 run in such a way that the respective discontinuities u10, u20, u30 are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction.

The first track with the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 is separated from a neighboring second track by a bridge 1.44. The first Brush 2.1 'comprises two brush elements 2.1a', 2.1b '. In the exemplary embodiment presented, the brush elements 2.1a ', 2.1b' are each designed as wires, in particular with a round cross-section, which are preferably coated with a noble metal, for example gold.

According to the FIG. 10 , in which a third embodiment is shown, the first track comprises three grooves 1.41, 1.42, 1.43 in the lateral surface 1.4 of the carrier body 1. "In these grooves 1.41, 1.42, 1.43 conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 mounted in an analogous manner as in first or second embodiment.

The first track with the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1 is separated from a neighboring second track by a bridge 1.44. The first brush 2.1 "comprises two brush elements 2.1a", 2.1b "soldered to one another. In the exemplary embodiment presented, the first brush element 2.1a" is designed as a wire, in particular with a round cross section. At this first brush element 2.1a "is the second brush element 2.1b" fastened. This is designed substantially parallelepipedic and is made in particular of silver graphite. During operation of the slip ring unit, the first brush element 2.1a "serves to transmit currents or signals and to radially spring the second brush element 2.1b" to the conductor elements 10.1, 20.1, 30.1. By the webs 1.44 also a limitation of the movement of the second brush element 2.1 b "is ensured in the axial direction.

Claims (15)

Comprising slip ring - A dielectric support body (1, 1 ') with a circumferential surface (1.4) and radially oriented passages (1.1, 1.2), which penetrate the lateral surface (1.4) and a first conductor element (10.1) and a second conductor element (20.1), wherein the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1)
in a first section (10.11, 20.11) parallel to the axial offset (a) on the lateral surface (1.4) extending in the circumferential direction are arranged and
in a second section (10.12, 10.13, 20.12, 20.13) run in the bushings (1.1, 1.2) with radial direction component,
wherein the first sections (10.11, 20.11) in the circumferential direction in each case over a first angular range (α10, α20) of less than 360 ° extend, so that along the circumferential direction of the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) each in a second angular range (β10, β20 ) has a discontinuity (u10, u20) and Furthermore, the bushings (1.1, 1.2) are arranged so that the second angle range (β10) of the first conductor element (10.1) is offset relative to the second angle range (β20) of the second conductor element (20.1) in the circumferential direction, wherein
the first and the second conductor element (10.1, 20.1) are electrically connected to one another. Slip ring according to claim 1, wherein the lateral surface (1.4) comprises a first and a second circumferential groove (1.41, 1.42), wherein the first conductor element (10.1) in the first groove (1.41) is arranged and the second conductor element (20.1) in the second groove (1.42). Slip ring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slip ring comprises a third conductor element (30.1) which
in a first section (30.11) parallel to the axial offset (a) to the first and the second conductor element (10.1, 20.1) on the lateral surface (1.4) extending in the circumferential direction is arranged and
in a second section (30.12) in bushings (1.3) with a radial direction component,
wherein the first section (30.11) extends over a first angular range (α30) of less than 360 ° so that a discontinuity (u30) is present along the circumferential direction of the third conductor element (30.1) in each case in a second angular range (β30)
Furthermore, the bushings (1.3) are arranged so that the second angle range (β30) of the third conductor element (30.1) relative to the second angular range (β10, β20) of the first and / or the second conductor element (10.1, 20.1) offset in the circumferential direction is arranged, wherein the first, the second and the third conductor element (10.1, 20.1, 30.1) are electrically connected together. Slip ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein there is a spacing (U) in the circumferential direction between the passage (1.1) of the first conductor element (10.1) and the leadthrough (1.2) of the second conductor element (20.1). Slip ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) are each designed as a wire. A slip ring according to claim 5, wherein the wire has a cross-section of less than 20 mm ² . Slip ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) are each designed in one piece. Slip ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical connection (40.1) of the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) with respect to the first portion (10.11, 20.11) is arranged radially inwardly. Slip ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrically interconnected conductor elements (10.1, 20.1; 30.1) are associated with a track which is axially delimited by webs (1.44). Slip ring unit comprising a slip ring according to one of claims 1 to 9 and a brush unit (2) with a brush (2.1, 2.1 ', 2.1 "), wherein the two conductor elements (10.1, 20.1) in the first section (10.11, 20.11) of the brush (2.1, 2.1 ', 2.1 ") can each be rubbed over the first angle range (α10, α20), the first angle range (α10, α20) being at least 270 °. Slip ring unit comprising a slip ring according to claim 3 to 9 and a brush unit (2) with a brush (2.1 "), wherein by the brush (2.1") at least two conductor elements (10.1, 20.1, 30.1) in the first section (10.11, 20.11, 30.11) can be contacted over the entire circumference. The slip ring unit according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the brush (2.1, 2.1 ', 2.1 ") is made of a metal-containing material. Slip ring unit according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the brush (2.1, 2.1 ', 2.1 ") has a surface containing noble metal. Slip ring unit according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein at least one conductor element (10.1, 20.1, 30.1) of the brush (2.1, 2.1 ', 2.1 ") is doubly contactable. Slip ring unit according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the conductor elements (10.1, 20.1, 30.1) in the first section (10.11, 20.11, 30.11) axially by webs (1.44) to limit the axial mobility of the brush (2.1; 2.1 ', 2.1 " ) are surrounded.

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