EP3102755A1

EP3102755A1 - Composite wall for construction, as well as construction units comprising at least one such composite wall

Info

Publication number: EP3102755A1
Application number: EP15702466.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thierry PAUGET; Edouard BUREL
Original assignee: Art Metal Charpente
Current assignee: Art Metal Charpente
Priority date: 2014-02-03
Filing date: 2015-02-02
Publication date: 2016-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2035-02-02
Also published as: WO2015114147A1; FR3017143B1; EP3102755B1; FR3017143A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite wall (100) comprising a rigid or semi-rigid insulating layer (113), inserted between two facing panels (111, 112) and at least one load-bearing structural insert (116), which extends lengthwise between the two opposite horizontal edges (100A, 100C) of the composite wall and which is arranged in the insulating layer. Along a first (100A) of the two opposite horizontal edges of the composite wall, the insulating layer forms, in the portion thereof facing a first (112) of the two facing panels, a projection (113.A1) that extends lengthwise along this first horizontal edge, whereas the portion thereof facing the second facing panel forms a first tying cavity (113A.2) that extends along the projection. Along the second horizontal edge (100C) of the composite wall, the insulating layer forms, in the portion thereof facing the first facing panel, a raised joining element (113C.1) matching the projection, which extends lengthwise along the second horizontal edge of the composite wall, whereas the portion thereof facing the second facing panel forms a second tying cavity (113C.2) that extends along the joining element. In addition, the or each load-bearing insert is provided, at each of the longitudinal ends thereof, with means (116A, 116B, 116C, 116D) for rigidly connecting same with another inserted tying cavity (131, 132), arranged in the first and second tying cavities, respectively.

Description

COMPOSITE WALL FOR CONSTRUCTION, AS WELL AS CONSTRUCTION UNITS COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH COMPOSITE WALL

The present invention relates to a composite wall for the construction, as well as building assemblies including at least one such composite wall.

The invention is more specifically concerned with composite walls, comprising an insulation layer, rigid or semi-rigid, typically made of foam, such as polyurethane foam, this insulation layer being interposed between two facing panels, parallel and aligned, often derived from wood, concrete or plaster. This type of wall is traditionally designated by the acronym SIP (corresponding to the English expression "structural insulated panel"). Such "SIP" walls have remarkable interests. In fact, thanks to their insulating core, they have higher insulation values than standard wood frame or concrete constructions. In addition, these "SIP" walls offer better control of air leaks, faster execution of construction and a reduction of waste produced on construction sites.

That said, the "SIP" composite walls currently on the market have technical limitations, related to the very constitution of these walls. Indeed, although their facing panels provide structural strength to these walls and that the insulating layer somewhat completes this structural strength, these walls are only low load, in the sense that the realization of several floors of a building by such walls, arranged in line with each other, is delicate. In addition, the joining between two adjacent walls is traditionally carried out by planks or other elements of chaining, which are interposed between the respective insulation layers of the two walls and to which the facing panels are directly contiguous to be secured by reported fasteners, such as glue, nails, screws, etc. It follows that the chaining of the composite walls necessarily induces thermal bridges between the two main sides of the composite walls, that is to say between their inner side and their outer side.

GB-A-2 482 042 proposes to strengthen the carrying capacity of such composite walls by integrating bearing structural inserts, in particular metal, which extend vertically in the insulation layer, while avoiding forming a thermal bridge between the two facing panels, through the interposition, between each carrier insert and each of the two facing panels, insulating spacers and a part of the insulation layer, namely that filling the space between the spacers succeeding one another along the same side of the insert. The assembly of several of these walls, in particular one above the other, however, presents a limited strength and is restrictive: GB-A-2,482,042 provide to cover the upper horizontal edge of its composite wall by a rail "U" facing downwards and fix to this rail hooks on respective projecting branches of which is reported a chaining beam which thus extends completely outside the assembled walls.

The object of the present invention is to provide walls of the "SIP" type, which have improved performance, particularly as regards the mechanical strength of their assembly.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a composite wall for the construction, as defined in claim 1.

One of the ideas underlying the invention is to seek to provide walls of the type "SIP", which can be assembled on several floors of a building. To do this, the invention provides for mechanically reinforcing the composite wall by one or more load-bearing structural inserts, which extend in the insulation layer, between the two opposite horizontal edges of the composite wall. As this or these inserts are trapped in the rigid or semi-rigid insulation layer, this insulating layer acts on the inserts or as a stiffener, increasing the structural strength of the insert or inserts within the composite wall, both in compression and bending, without inducing significant deformation. It is therefore clear that the inserts or inserts provide a substantial, or almost total, of the overall structural strength of the composite wall, which potentially participate panels facing and / or the insulation layer. As a result, the facing panels and / or the insulation layer may be provided less structurally resistant and thus be made of materials hitherto little used or not used to manufacture walls "SIP" of the prior art. By way of nonlimiting illustration, rather than using a polyurethane foam having a density of at least 45 Kg / m ³ , a foam having a density at least one third lower or even three quarters lower is possible for a composite wall according to the invention.

In addition, for the presence of the structural insert or inserts does not significantly affect the thermal insulation performance of the composite wall according to the invention, a portion of the insulation layer is interposed between each panel of facing and the or each insert, at least the current portion of this insert, that is to say its main longitudinal portion, connecting one to the other its two opposite longitudinal ends. In this way, no significant thermal bridge is created, horizontally, between the two facing panels by the inserts or in the insulation layer since there is no direct contact between each of the panels of facing and most, if not all, of the or each insert. In addition, the or each insert advantageously plays a role of thermal diffuser vertically.

According to the invention, the inserts carrying the composite wall are designed to transfer construction loads between the two opposite horizontal edges of the composite wall, more specifically between chaining elements respectively provided at these opposite horizontal edges, being arranged in dedicated chaining houses formed by the insulation layer. These chaining units are formed by only part of the insulation layer, namely that facing one of the two facing panels, while the remaining part of the insulation layer forms along the two horizontal edges opposite of the composite wall, respectively a projection and a complementary junction relief with this projection: it is understood that when two such composite walls are assembled one above the other, the projection of one cooperates by complementarity of forms with the relief of the other to ensure the junction between the two walls, in the manner of an assembly key, which ensures a good joint of the respective insulation layers of the two composite walls. In practice, the specific geometry of the projection and, therefore, the complementary geometry of the junction relief are not limiting of the invention, a multitude of complementary profiles can be envisaged, and this as well in withdrawal, outcropping or overflow corresponding ends of one and / or the other facing panels.

The fact that the inserts are carriers passes through an ad hoc dimensioning of these inserts: in practice, depending on the need to withstand loads, it is particularly possible to adapt the material, the value of the cross section and / or the number of the insert or inserts of the composite wall according to the invention. By way of example with regard to the material of the insert or inserts, it may be wood and / or metal and / or plastic: for the most important load support needs, the inserts or inserts carriers are preferably made of metal, if necessary in the form of cross sections, I, U, T, C, etc., with or without stiffener. Conversely, the wood is used to make the inserts or carriers when the load support needs are more limited, the wood also having the advantage of being easily screwed and / or glued.

In all cases, the invention further provides that the longitudinal ends of each carrier insert are secured, by ad hoc means of these ends, with the attached chaining elements, arranged in the chaining housings provided at the level of the horizontal edges. opposite of the composite wall. Mechanical resistance of the wall according to the invention, in particular its resistance to tearing against the linkage elements reported, is significantly enhanced.

In the direct extension of the foregoing considerations, the invention also relates to a building assembly as defined in claim 15: it is understood that at one of the two sides of the composite walls thus assembled one to one other, typically on the side of these walls turned towards the interior of a construction, the floor and the ceiling of each level can be secured to chaining elements reported on the composite walls and secured to their inserts, while maintaining between each of these elements of chaining and the opposite side of the composite walls, an insulation layer thickness, namely the thickness of its projection and / or its junction relief. This saves a lot of time during the construction of the building and its levels, while significantly increasing the structural strength, particularly the resistance to tearing typically due to wind or earthquake, and removing the thermal bridges.

Additional advantageous features of the composite wall according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The invention further relates to a building assembly as defined in claim 16.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the drawings in which:

- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a composite wall according to the invention;

- Figures 2 to 4 are sections respectively in the planes II, III and IV of Figure 1;

- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a composite corner piece, belonging to a building assembly according to the invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a building assembly according to the invention, including several composite walls of FIG. 1, as well as several composite corner pieces of FIG. 5;

FIGS. 7 to 9 are sections respectively in the planes VII, VIII and IX of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a composite wall variant according to the invention;

- Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of yet another alternative composite wall, according to the invention; FIG. 12 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 11, in which some of the constituents of the composite wall of FIG. 11 have been omitted for reasons of visibility;

FIGS. 13 to 17 illustrate another variant of composite wall, according to the invention, FIGS. 13, 16 and 17 being respectively similar to FIGS. 3, 4 and 7, whereas FIGS. lines XIV-XIV and XV-XV of FIG. 13; and

FIGS. 18 and 19 respectively illustrate two variants of composite corner pieces, belonging to a building assembly according to the invention, these FIGS. 18 and 19 being similar to FIG.

In Figures 1 to 4 is shown a composite wall 10 for use in the construction of a building.

Overall, the wall 10 has two dimensions much larger than its third dimension, the latter corresponding to the thickness of the wall. The wall 10 thus has two opposite main faces, separated from each other by the thickness of this wall, namely a so-called inner face 101, intended to be turned towards the inside of the building constructed with the wall, and a so-called outer face 10E, intended to be turned towards the outside of this building.

The wall 10 has four edges, each of which connects the inner and outer faces 10I and 10E to each other around the wall 10, namely:

a so-called upper horizontal edge 10A, which, when the wall 10 is used for the construction of a building, extends horizontally and is turned upwards,

a so-called lower horizontal edge 10C, which is opposite to the upper horizontal edge

10A, and

opposite side edges 10B and 10D, which each connect the opposite horizontal edges 10A and 10C to one another and which, when the composite wall 10 is used for the construction of a building, extend either strictly to the vertical, being inclined with respect to the vertical.

Advantageously, the vertical dimension of the composite wall 10 substantially corresponds to that of a floor of a building constructed with this wall.

As clearly visible in FIGS. 2 to 4, the composite wall 10 comprises two panels 11 and 12, which are parallel to each other and aligned with each other, so as to delimit between them a space substantially parallelepipedic. The panel 1 1 is called an inner panel, in the sense that its face turned away from the panel 12 constitutes at least the bulk of the inner face 101 of the wall 10. The panel 12 is qualified exterior panel, in the sense that its face facing away from the panel 1 1 is at least the bulk of the outer face 10E of the wall 10.

The wall 10 also comprises a layer 13, rigid or semi-rigid, which is interposed between the panels 1 1 and 12, connecting the respective faces of the panels 1 1 and 12, facing one another. By its constituent material, which will be specified later, the layer 13 is an insulation layer, mainly thermal but also phonic, for the composite wall 10, while the panels 1 1 and 12 are siding, respectively inside and outside , for this composite wall.

In practice, the insulation layer 13 may be made of various materials, in a non-limiting manner. By way of example, this layer 13 consists of a polyurethane foam, a polyisocyanurate foam, a polyethylene foam, an epoxy foam, a polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, glass fibers and of rock, cork, cellulose wadding, etc. According to a preferred embodiment, the insulation layer 13 is made of natural foam based on wood tannin resin, such a foam having substantially the same characteristics of thermal insulation that a polyurethane foam, with the advantage of being more ecological and better withstand fire. If necessary, the material constituting the insulation layer 13 is additive and / or treated, in particular to render it flame retardant. Moreover, this layer 13 can also be monolithic, thus forming a "monolayer", that be "multilayer" consisting of a superposition of several thicknesses of material. In all cases, the material or materials constituting the insulating layer 13 provide the latter, in addition to an important thermal insulating power, a certain structural rigidity and stability over time.

Regarding the cladding panels 1 1 and 12, their constituent material may also be various, without limitation. Thus, these panels 1 1 and 12 are made of wood, solid or in the form of particles such as "OSB" particles, composite concrete (aggregate glass, rock, wood, etc.) armed or not with a lattice of fibers, of plaster, such as gypsum / cellulose type plasterboard or other, made of paper or aluminum or plastic or bituminous or self-adhesive film, of metal, especially in the form of metal cladding, etc. Note that the inner panel 1 1 may be made of the same material as the outer panel 12, but, alternatively, these panels may have different constituent materials. Preferably, the outer panel 12 is made of reinforced composite concrete or gypsum and the inner panel January 1 is provided in gypsum. Whatever their constituent material, the outer facing panel 12 is advantageously intended to be directly coated while that the inner cladding panel 1 1 is advantageously intended to be directly painted or covered with wallpaper, once the building incorporating the composite wall 10 is constructed.

The composite wall 10 forms a sandwich structure, in the sense that, in the thickness direction of the composite wall 10, the face of the panel 1 1 facing the panel 12, the thickness of the panel 1, is directly following one another. 1, the face of the panel 1 1 facing the panel 12, the thickness of the layer 13, the face of the panel 12 facing the panel 1 1, the thickness of the panel 12, and the face of the panel 12 turned to the opposite of the panel 1 1. This sandwich structure is made between most of the inner face 101 and most of the outer face 10E of the composite wall 10, specific arrangements being provided along the edges 10A to 10D of this wall, as detailed below. after.

In the exemplary embodiment considered in the figures, and as more particularly visible in FIGS. 1 and 4, the insulation layer 13 is, along the side edge 10D, set back from the corresponding ends 11D and 12D of the panels. 1 1 and 12, substantially aligned in the thickness direction of the composite wall 10: along this side edge 10D, the layer 13 thus forms a mortise 13D. Opposite this side edge 10D, the insulating layer 13 protrudes from the corresponding ends 11B and 12B of the panels 11 and 12, substantially aligned in the thickness direction of the wall 10: thus, along the side edge 10B, the layer 13 forms a pin 13B which is provided substantially complementary to the mortise 13D.

Moreover, and as clearly visible in FIGS. 1 to 3, the insulation layer 13 is, along the upper horizontal edge 10A of the wall 10, partially overflowing with the corresponding ends 1 1 A and 12A of the panels 1 1 and 12, substantially aligned in the thickness direction of the wall 10. More specifically, only the portion of the layer 13, facing the panel 12, protrudes from the ends 1 1 A and 12A of the panels 1 1 and 12, and forms a projection 13A.1 which extends in length on the edge 10A of the wall 10, connecting to each other the opposite side edges 10B and 10D. In addition, the portion of the layer 13, turned towards the inner panel 1 1, is, in turn, set back from the corresponding ends 1 1 A and 12A of the panels 1 1 and 12, and forms a housing 13A.2, which , for reasons which will appear later, is called chaining housing, and running along the projection 13A.1, between the opposite side edges 10B and 10D.

In contrast to the upper horizontal edge 10A, the layer 13 is recessed from the corresponding ends 1 1 C and 12C of the panels 1 1 and 12, substantially aligned in the thickness direction of the composite wall: thus, along the edge horizontal 10C, the layer 13 forms a free space 13C, which, for reasons which will appear later, is called interlocking space, and the depth, relative to the ends 1 1 C and 12C of the panels 1 1 and 12, is substantially equal to the overflow dimension, with respect to the ends 1 1 A and 12A of the panels, the projection 13A.1. From a functional point of view and as explained below, this interlocking space 13C is constituted, for its portion facing the panel 1 1, a chaining housing 13C.2 and, for its part facing the panel 12, a trough 13C.1 complementary junction with the projection 13A.1.

As an advantageous optional arrangement, for reasons which will appear later, the composite wall 10 is provided with a plate 14 which, along the upper horizontal edge 10A and along the side edge 10B, covers the respective faces of the protrusion 13A.1 and pin 13B, turned away from the panel 1 1. This plate has an overall shape in "L", running all along the projection 13A.1 and pin 13B. Of course, this wafer "L" may be monolithic as well as be composed of several adjacent parts, or abutted, to each other. As clearly visible in FIGS. 2 to 4, this plate 14 extends into the insulation layer 13, being contiguous to the outer facing panel 12. In other words, in the direction of the thickness of the composite wall 10, a extension of the horizontal portion of the wafer 14 is interposed between the end 12A of the panel 12 and the insulation layer 13, and an extension of the lateral portion of the wafer 14 is interposed between the end 12B of the panel 12 and the insulation layer. In practice, this plate 14 is made of a material identical or similar to that of the panels 1 1 and 12. It is thus understood that, when looking at the outer face 10E of the composite wall 10, the plate 14 is visible and covers the projection 13A.1 and the pin 13B of the insulation layer 13.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the composite wall 10 also comprises inserts, namely an insert 15 and two inserts 16. Before clarifying further the differences between the insert 15 and the inserts 16, it will be noted that each of the inserts 15 and 16 extend in length between the opposite horizontal edges 10A and 10C of the wall 10, these inserts extending parallel to each other, as well as opposite side edges 10B and 10D of the wall 10. each of the inserts 15 and 16 is arranged between the cladding panels 1 1 and 12, more precisely inside the insulating layer 13, without forming contact between each of the panels 1 1 and 12 and the insert, at least the main current part of the insert, connecting the opposite longitudinal ends of this insert to each other. Thus, as clearly visible in FIGS. 2 to 4, part of the insulation layer 13 is interposed, in the direction of the thickness of the wall 10, between each of the panels 1 1 and 12 and the whole of the insert 15, and a part of the insulation layer is also interposed, in the direction of the thickness of the wall, between each of the panels 1 1 and 12 and any the current part of each of the inserts 16.

In practice, in the exemplary embodiment considered in FIGS. 1 to 4, each of the inserts 15 and 16 is permanently bonded to the insulation layer 13, being embedded in this insulating layer, typically during manufacture. of the composite wall 10.

Whatever the method of manufacturing the composite wall 10, each of the inserts 15 and 16 is, in a way, trapped in the insulation layer 13, the rigid or semi-rigid material constituting the latter then acting as a stiffener inserts, which greatly increases the structural strength provided by the inserts 15 and 16 within the composite wall 10, in particular in compression and bending. In other words, each of the inserts 15 and 16 provides a significant or even essential part of the overall structural strength for the composite wall 10, each of these inserts 15 and 16 can thus be described as structural insert.

In the embodiment considered in the figures, the insert 15 differs from the inserts 16 in that it extends in length in the pin 13B formed by the insulation layer 13 along the side edge 13B of the composite wall 10. This insert 15, which can be described as connecting insert, reinforces an assembly between the pin 13B of the composite wall 10 and the mortise 13D of another copy of the composite wall 10 , assembled adjacent the first composite wall and in the horizontal extension thereof. Indeed, the fixing of this "tenon-mortise" assembly between two such composite walls 10 can be fixed by attached elements, such as glue, screws, nails, etc., which are secured to the insert of link 15, as illustrated below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9.

Fasteners, such as glue nails, screws, etc. and which are partially indicated in dotted lines only in FIG. 4 under the reference 2, can be reported from one and / or the other of the inner 101 and outer 10E faces of the composite wall 10, through the corresponding panel 1 1 and / or 12 and a part of the thickness of the insulating layer 13, to be secured to the connecting insert 15: in this way, the connection between one and / or the other of the panels 1 1 and 12 and the insulation layer 13 is reinforced along the side edge 10B of the wall 10, limiting the risk of deformation of the corresponding ends 1 1 B and 12B of the panels in time.

As regards the inserts 16, they are, in the embodiment considered in the figures, each placed at a distance from the opposite lateral edges 10B and 10D of the composite wall 10, being distributed in the horizontal direction connecting the one to the other these side edges 10B and 10D. Each insert 16 extends in length between the housing 13A.2 and the housing 13C.2, delimited by the insulation layer 13 respectively along the opposite horizontal edges 10A and 10C of the composite wall 10. More specifically, in the In the example of FIGS. 1 to 4, each insert 16 defines, at its upper longitudinal end, a surface 16A, which faces upwards and forms part of the bottom of the housing 13A.2: thus, this upper free surface 16A of each insert 16 is, in the bottom of the housing 13A.2, flush with the insulation layer 13. In the same way, each insert 16 has, at its lower longitudinal end, a surface 16B, which is turned downwards. and which constitutes a part of the bottom of the housing 13C.2: thus, the lower free surface 16B of each insert 16 is, in the bottom of the housing 13C.2, flush with the insulation layer 13. It is thus clear that, when a chaining element is received in s the housing 13A.2 or 13C.2, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9, the load applied by or to this element of chaining is reported, for a large part, almost even total, between the opposite horizontal edges 10A and 10C of the wall 10 by the inserts 16. More generally, each of the inserts 16 can thus be described as a carrier insert, in the sense that the insert transfers the essential, or almost all, charges between the opposite horizontal edges 10A and 10C of the composite wall 10, the other components of the composite wall providing only a limited load transfer or negligible.

In the continuation of the foregoing considerations, it will be noted that, in the exemplary embodiment considered in FIGS. 1 to 4, the binding insert 15 does not constitute a carrier insert, in the sense defined above, by providing that the opposite longitudinal ends of this insert 15 are at least slightly set back from the respective bottoms of the housing 13A.2 and 13C space, as shown schematically in Figure 2. This being, as a variant not shown, the insert of connection 15 may be provided carrier, providing at its opposite longitudinal ends load bearing surfaces, similar to the surfaces 16A and 16B of the inserts 16.

Each longitudinal end of each insert 16 is designed to be firmly fixed to a chaining member pressed on the corresponding surface 16A or 16B: in the embodiment considered, this fastening is implemented by a wing 16C, 16D, which is rigidly projecting from the corresponding surface 16A, 16B, and is adapted to integrally cooperate with the chaining member and, where appropriate, be secured thereto by bolting or the like. More generally, by providing at the longitudinal ends of each insert 16 securing means to a chaining member received in the housing 13A.2 or 13C.2, the inserts 16 have a high resistance to tearing with respect to the elements of chaining, as explained below.

With regard to the functions, which have just been described, of the bonding insert 15 and the carrier inserts 16, the bonding insert 15 is preferably made of wood, this material having, among other advantages, easy to cooperate by example by screwing or gluing, with the fixing elements mentioned above, such as the elements referenced 2 in Figure 4, as well as being natural and conduct low heat. Conversely, the carrier inserts 16 are preferably made of metal, where appropriate in the form of profiles. This being the case, as detailed in the first part of this document, other materials are conceivable for the connecting insert 15 and / or the carrying inserts 16.

As an optional arrangement, the composite wall 10 delimits, in the thickness of its insulation layer 13, free reservations 17 which connect the edges 10A to 10D of the wall. In known manner, these reservations allow the passage of ducts, cables, pipes, etc., within the building constructed with the composite wall 10.

In Figure 5 is shown a composite corner piece 20, which comprises an inner cladding panel 21, an outer cladding bend 22, an insulating layer 23, a wafer 24, a connecting insert 25, a carrier insert 26 and reservations 27, which are respectively similar, from a functional point of view, or even structural, with the components 1 1 to 17 of the composite wall 10. In other words, the corner piece 20 is functionally similar to the wall composite 10. The arrangement of the corner piece 20 differs from that of the wall 10, in that the outer facing bend 22 includes, at the same time, a portion 22.1, parallel and aligned with the facing panel 21, and a bent portion 22.2, which horizontally extends the portion 22.1, then folds substantially at 90 ° so as to define an angle for the corner piece 20.

The insulation layer 23 of the corner piece 20 also extends horizontally so as to cover the bent portion 22.2 of the outer facing bend 22: more precisely, only the part of the insulation layer 23, which is turned towards the outer facing bend 22, is thus extended horizontally, while the remainder of the insulation layer, that is to say its portion facing the inner facing panel 21, does not protrude from the corresponding end 21 D of the inner panel 21. As a result, as clearly visible in FIG. 5, the aforementioned extension of the insulating layer 23 forms a mortise 23D which is provided complementary to the post 13B of the composite wall 10, as shown in FIG. 8 which will be commented more far. In addition, within the aforementioned extension of the insulating layer 23, forming the mortise 23D, the corner piece 20 is provided with an insert 28, which extends in length between the opposite horizontal edges of the corner piece 20, which is arranged in the bottom of the mortise 23D, and whose technical interest will appear a little further.

Other features and aspects of the composite wall 10 and the corner piece 20 will emerge from the following description of a building assembly 30 shown in FIGS. 6 to 9. By way of example and as shown in Figure 6, this building assembly 30 corresponds to a portion of a two-storey building, topped with a roof.

The assembly 30 includes six copies of the composite wall 10, namely three copies for each level, and two copies of the corner piece 20, namely one copy for each level.

When one is more specifically interested in one or the other of the levels of the assembly 30, it is noted that the composite walls 10 are assembled in the horizontal extension of each other, by assembly between the pin 13B of one of these composite walls with the mortise 13D of another of these walls, as shown in Figure 8. Each of these type "mortise-mortise" assemblies is fixed by attached fasteners, such as the glue, screws, nails, etc. and which are indicated partially and schematically, only in FIG. 8, in the form of dashed lines referenced 2 ': these fastening elements 2' pass through from one and / or the other of the inner and outer faces 101 and 10E of the composite wall 10 associated with the mortise 13D considered, the corresponding panel 1 1 and / or 12 and the thickness of the insulation layer 13 of the composite wall, to be secured in the connecting insert 15 of the composite wall 10 associated with the corresponding pin 13B.

As can be clearly seen in FIG. 8, the "tongue-and-groove" type assembly also leads, along the respective side edges of the two walls 10 thus assembled, to the wafer 14 associated with the tenon under consideration. interior of the corresponding mortise 13D, contiguous against the panel 12 associated with this mortise: thus, the plate 14 forms a connecting piece between the respective panels 12 of the two assembled walls 10, overlapping the joint between these two panels 12. In relating ad hoc fasteners, such as glue, screws, nails, etc. and which are indicated partially and schematically in the form of dashed lines referenced 3, the wafer 14 is, all along the side edges of the walls 10, attached to the two assembled walls, on either side of the joint between their panel 12, avoiding any risk of cracking at this joint. Still looking at each level of the assembly assembly 30, the assembly between the corner piece 20 and the adjacent composite wall 10 is made by cooperation between the pin 13B of this wall 10 and the mortise 23D of the corner piece 20. Again, this assembly type "tenon mortise" is advantageously fixed by inserts, such as glue, screws, nails, etc.. which are shown schematically under reference 4 in FIG. 8: these fastening elements pass, from the outside of the corner piece 20, the outer facing bend 22 and the insulating layer 23, so as to become firmly attached to the insert 28, as well as the insert 15 of the wall 10.

When we now focus more specifically on the assembly between two of the composite walls 10, provided respectively at the two levels of the assembly of construction 30, it will be noted that this assembly associates, in addition to the two aforementioned walls 10, respectively low and high, one or more beams of chaining 31 extending horizontally, as clearly visible in Figures 7 and 9. In the embodiment considered, one of these beams 31 runs between the lower walls 10 and the walls 10, while another of these beams 31 is perpendicular to the beam 31 first quoted and runs between the low corner piece 20 and the upper corner piece 20.

Between two of the composite walls 10, respectively high and low, the chaining beam 31 is received inside the housing 13A.2 of the lower wall, pressing downwards against the respective surfaces 16A of the carrier inserts 16 of FIG. this low wall. At the same time, this beam 31 is, in the same way, received in the housing 13C.2 of the space 13C of the upper wall 10 and the projection 13A.1 of the lower wall 10 is also received inside. 13C space, more precisely in the trough junction 13C.1 of the latter, joining the bottom of the trough 13C.1: the beam 31 and the projection 13A.1 thus fit together in the space of 13C interlocking. This interlocking assembly is clearly visible in the upper part of FIG. 7. Fastening elements, such as glue, nails, screws, etc. and which are shown schematically under the reference 5 in Figure 7, are reported through the respective panels 1 1 of the high and low walls 10 and / or the respective panels 12 of these high and low walls, until secured in the beam chaining 31, thereby securing the assembly by interlocking between these high and low walls.

Thanks to the presence of the projection 13.1 of the bottom wall 10, no thermal bridge is established by direct contact between the chaining beam 31 and the outer face 10E of this wall 10. In addition, on the inner side of this wall, there is also no thermal bridge in the sense that the chaining beam 31 is located at the separation insulation between the two levels of the building assembly 30. In addition, thanks to the interlocking assembly which has just been described, it is understood that the surface 16B of the inserts 16 of the upper wall 10 is supported downwardly against the chaining beam 31, as shown in FIG. Figure 7: thus, the loads of the building assembly 30, coming from the upper level of this assembly, are directly transferred to the inserts 16 of the lower wall 10, via the chaining beam 31, without solicit the other components of the lower wall. Furthermore, the flange 16C of each insert 16 of the bottom wall and the flange 16D of each insert 16 of the upper wall are received in complementary recesses of the beam 31, as clearly visible in the upper part of FIG. these wings 16C and 16D solidly secure the inserts 16 and thereby the upper and lower walls to the beam 31, in particular ensuring a high resistance to tearing between the inserts and the beam, which is typically due to the forces exerted by wind on the walls or due to seismic forces. In order to reinforce this pull-out resistance, fixing members, not shown, are advantageously attached to bind the flanges 16C and 16D of the inserts 16 to the chaining beam 31.

In the extension of the foregoing considerations, the building assembly 30 comprises, in the embodiment considered in FIGS. 6 to 9, beams 32, which extend inside the building to which the set of construction 30, perpendicular to the beam 31: most, indeed almost all of the load induced by these beams 32 is supported by the inserts 16 of the lower wall 10, through the beam 31 and 33. Advantageously, as shown in Figure 7, the beams 32, or at least some of them, are horizontally aligned with the inserts 16 to promote load transfer. In all cases, it is understood that the position of the beam 31 against the inner panel January 1 makes it possible to safely secure the beams 32 by creating a solid connection between each shoe 33, the panel 1 1 and the chaining beam 31.

As clearly visible in FIG. 7, the interlocking assembly also leads to the fact that, along the respective horizontal edges of the two walls 10 thus assembled, the plate 14 associated with the projection considered is found, inside the corresponding space 13C, contiguous against the panel 12 associated with this space: thus, the wafer 14 forms a connecting piece between the respective panels 12 of the two assembled walls 10, overlapping the joint between these two panels 12. By connecting elements of ad hoc fastening, such as glue, screws, nails, etc. and which are indicated partially and schematically in the form of dashed lines referenced 3, the wafer 14 is, all along the horizontal edges of the walls 10, attached to both assembled walls, on both sides of the joint between their panel 12, avoiding any risk of cracking at this joint.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment considered in FIGS. 6 to 9, the respective housings 13C.2 of the lower composite walls 10 receive a sill or, more generally, a ground chaining element 34, to which the lower end of each carrier insert 16 is fixed in a tear-resistant manner by cooperation between its fastening flange 16D and the chaining element 34. In this embodiment, the chaining element 34 further occupies the trough 13C. 1, thus being received by interlocking throughout the space 13C. Similarly, in a manner not shown in detail, the housing 13A.2 of the high walls 10 receive structural members or, more generally, roof chaining elements 35.

What has just been described for the interlocking connection between one of the lower composite walls 10 and one of the upper composite walls 10 applies for the interlocking connection between the low angle piece 20 and the high corner piece 20, through the corresponding beam 31.

Furthermore, at least some of the type of "tenon-mortise" and / or interlocking assemblies can be reinforced by glue and / or sealed by an intermediate seal. Preferably, the glue used is based on wood tannin resin. In all cases, this arrangement makes the building assembly 30 airtight and creates a unit of material that enhances its seismic resistance.

FIG. 10 shows a composite wall 50, which is identical to the composite wall 40 of FIG. 10, with the only difference that its insulation layer delimits, in its thickness, reservations 59 adapted to receive each, complementary, an insert insert insert, which is not shown in Figure 10 and which is similar to the carrier inserts 16 of the composite wall 10. This variant of Figure 10 illustrates the modularity of the composite wall 50, in the sense that, in depending on the use made of this composite wall 50, in particular as a function of the need for transfer, for example in connection with seismic concerns, of load between the upper and lower horizontal edges of this wall, ie the reservations 59 of this wall 50 are left empty, or one or both reservations 59 receive a complementary carrier insert, fixed within this or these reservations, in particular by co tch.

In FIGS. 11 and 12 is shown a composite wall 60 whose components, functionally similar to those of the composite wall 10, bear the same references as the latter: thus, the wall 60 includes facing panels 11 and 12, an insulation layer 13, a wafer 14, a connecting insert 15, The wall 60 differs from the wall 10 in that the wall 60 further comprises a bracing brace 70, which is commonly known as St. Andrew's Cross and which is shown in FIG. 12. : in this figure 12, only part of the components of the wall 60 are visible, in the sense that the facing panel 1 1 and the insulation layer 13 have been omitted. Within the composite wall 60, the bracing brace 70 is arranged in the insulation layer 23, more precisely in the thickness of this layer 13, separating the panel 1 1 and the inserts 16. The cross brace 70 is designed to connect the upper longitudinal end of one of the inserts 16, secured, for example by welding, to a horizontal linking beam 71, at the lower longitudinal end of another of the inserts 16, secured by example by welding, to a horizontal chaining beam 72 opposite the beam 71: in this way, it is understood that the horizontal forces applied to the composite wall 60, typically those applied to the wall by the wind, are supported more efficiently, with load transfers between the beams 71 and 72 through the bracing brace 70. Gussets 71 A, provided at opposite ends of the beam 71, allow ensure continuity of the chaining, while reservations in the panel 1 1 allow, if necessary, to access the securing zones between the inserts and the beams 71 and 72.

Of course, by way of variant not shown, other embodiments than the spider 70 are possible as part (s) of bracing.

In all cases, such bracing elements make it possible, in a manner known per se, to stiffen the structure of the composite wall 60 and, more generally, of a construction assembly including two such composite walls 60 nested one above the other. above each other. In particular, when each face of a building and, where appropriate, each level of this building incorporates bracing systems, it is known that the forces applied to the building, due to its weight, wind, seismic waves, etc., are channeled in three dimensions, and this on several floors.

FIGS. 13 to 16 show a composite wall 100, which, similarly to the composite wall 10 described above, has horizontal edges, 100A and 100C respectively, and opposite side edges 100B and 100D, and components, functionally similar to those of the composite wall 10, have the same references as the latter but increased by one hundred: thus, the wall 100 comprises an inner facing panel 1 1 1, an outer facing panel 1 12, a coating layer 1, 1 13, a wafer 1 14, carrier inserts 1 16 and reservations 1 17, which are functionally similar to, respectively, the components 1 1, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 17. In Figure 17 is shown a set of construction 130, which corresponds to a portion of a two-storey building and which includes a plurality of copies of the composite wall 100, two of which, joined to one another, are visible in FIG. 17, namely one copy for each floor.

The composite wall 100 is distinguished from the composite wall 10 described above by a first aspect, according to which, as clearly visible in FIG. 16, the wall 100 is devoid of a connecting insert such as the insert 15 of the wall 10. In other words, the inserts 1 16 of the wall 100 are all carriers, each being placed at a distance from the opposite side edges 100B and 100D of the wall 100 and being distributed in the horizontal direction connecting these singings to one another. side.

The composite wall 100 is distinguished from the wall 10 by a second aspect, according to which the assembly of two walls 100 one above the other does not pass through the complete interlocking of the upper horizontal edge 100A of the wall low 100 in an interlocking space, such as the interlocking space 13C of the wall 10, provided along the lower horizontal edge 100C of the upper wall 100. More precisely, as clearly visible in FIG. turned towards the panel 1 12, the insulating layer 1 13 overflows from the corresponding end 1 1 1 A of the panel 1 1 1, while being substantially flush with the corresponding end 1 12A of the panel 1 12: this part of the insulating layer 1 13 forms a protrusion 1 13A.1 extending in length on the upper horizontal edge 100A of the wall 100, connecting to each other the opposite side edges 100B and 100D. The portion of the layer 1 13, turned towards the panel 1 1 1, is, in turn, set back from the corresponding end 1 12A of the panel 1 12 and forms a chaining housing 1 13A.2, which extends along the projection 1 13A.1, between the opposite lateral edges 100B and 100D, and whose bottom is substantially flush with the corresponding end 1 1 1 A of the panel 1 1 1. Along the lower horizontal edge 100C, the layer 1 13 presents arrangements similar to what has just been described at the level of the upper horizontal edge 100A, these arrangements being in particular symmetrical with respect to those of the upper edge 100A with respect to a plane horizontal median geometric wall 100: thus, the portion of the insulation layer 130, facing the panel 1 1 1, is set back from the corresponding end 1 12C of the panel 1 12 and forms a chaining housing 1 13C .2 whose bottom is substantially flush with the corresponding end 1 1 1 A of the panel 1 1 1, while the portion of the layer 1 13, facing the panel 1 12, forms a projection 1 13C.1, the along which extends the chaining housing 1 13C.2, which protrudes from the end 1 1 1 C of the panel 1 1 1 and is substantially flush with the end 1 12C of the panel 1 12.

Within the building assembly 130, that is to say in the assembled state, one above the other, the two walls 100, as shown in FIG. 17, a beam of chaining 131 is reported at the junction between the upper horizontal edge 100A of the lower wall 100 and the lower horizontal edge 100C of the upper wall 100: this link beam 131 is arranged in both the housing 1 13A. 2 of the lower wall 100 and in the chaining housing 1 13C.2 of the upper wall 100, while the respective projections 1 13A.1 and 1 13C.1 of the two walls are abutted in a complementary manner, by joining the one to the other, in particular according to a horizontal interface. At the lower horizontal edge 100C of the bottom wall 100, a chaining beam 132 is arranged in the chaining housing 1 13C.2, while resting on a floor slab D or a similar building structure, while the projection 1 13C.1 overhangs this slab D without vertical interposition of the beam 132.

More generally, taking into account the previous explanations relating to the assembly of the composite walls 10 and the assembly of the composite walls 100, it is understood that the insulation layer 13, 13 of these walls presents, for its part turned towards their panel 1 1, 1 1 1 and along their opposite horizontal edges, arrangements of forms allowing the complementary joining of the walls during their assembly one above the other: for each wall 10 or 100, these arrangements are, on one of the horizontal edges, the projection 13A.1 or 1 13A.1 and, on the opposite horizontal edge, the recess 13C.1 or the projection 1 13C.1, in other words, more generally, a relief 13C.1 or 1 13C .1 additional junction with projection 13A.1 or 13A.1, the term "relief" to be understood in the broad sense and covers recessed and / or bumps and / or flat as they cooperate by complementarity of forms with the aforementioned projection during the assembly of the walls one above the other. The embodiments of these projections and junction reliefs, shown in the figures, are therefore not limiting of the invention: in particular, the specific geometry of these projections and junction reliefs can be very diverse, without having to be constant along the horizontal edges, or even locally interrupted one or more times along the horizontal edges; likewise, the relative positioning of these protrusions and junction reliefs vis-à-vis the corresponding ends 1 1 A, 12A, 1 1 1 A and 1 12A of one and / or the other facing panels 1 1, 12, 1 1 1 and 1 12 is not limiting and can be subject to variants, especially as, on each of the horizontal edges of the composite walls, the corresponding end of the interior facing panel is not necessarily aligned rigorously, in the thickness direction of the wall, with the corresponding end of the panel of the outer facing, as is the case for the panels 1 1 1 and 1 12 of the wall 100 shown. To illustrate this multitude of possible embodiments for the protrusions 13A.1 and 13A.1 and their associated joint relief 13C.1, 13C.1, one of them is shown in dashed lines only in FIG. 13.

The composite wall 100 is distinguished from the composite wall 10 by a third aspect, according to which the connection between the opposite longitudinal ends of its inserts 1 16 and respectively the chaining beam 131 and the chaining beam 132, received in respectively the chaining units 1 13A.2 and 1 13C.2 are not made by means of wings, such as the flanges 16C and 16D of the wall 10, which cooperate by way of complementarity of shapes with recesses of the beams of chaining, or by means of welded surfaces to these chaining beams, but by means of a through hole 1 16A, respectively 1 16B, provided to receive a fastener, such as a rivet or a bolting system, c a screw, which is inserted into the hole 1 16A, 1 16B and which is screwed into a nut so as to clamp, between its head and this nut, the corresponding end of the insert and the beam chaining 131, 132. In Figures 13 to 15, the holes 1 16A and 1 16B are shown free and, according to an advantageous optional arrangement, each open into the bore of a nut 1 16C, 1 16D whose corresponding end of the insert 1 16 is permanently fixed, for example by welding. Note that, in the embodiment considered, a single hole 1 16A, 1 16B is provided at each of the longitudinal ends of the insert 1 16 while, of course, by way of variant not shown, several holes may be provided at each end of the insert. In Figure 17, a screw 101 cooperates with each hole 1 16A, 1 16B and with the corresponding nut 1 16C, 1 16D. Whatever the embodiment of the fastener received in the holes 1 16A and 1 16B and, where appropriate, in engagement with the nuts 1 16C and 1 16D, it is understood that the holes 1 16A and 1 16B allow to fix the opposite ends of the inserts 1 16 respectively to the chaining beams 131 and 132 in a particularly strong manner, in particular resistant to tearing them: the forces, in particular due to the wind or an earthquake, exerted on the upper wall 100 are mainly supported by the inserts 1 16 of this upper wall and are transmitted to the floor slab D, essentially by the beam 131, the inserts 1 16 of the lower wall 100 and the beam 132, in particular thanks to the fastening, here by bolting, the longitudinal ends of the inserts to these beams.

In the extension of the above considerations, optional arrangements of the composite wall 100, which are also implemented in the embodiment considered in Figures 13 to 17 and which are independent of each other, consist in providing than : - A residual clearance remains between the projection 1 13A.1 of the lower wall 100 and the projection 1 13C.1 of the upper wall 100, this residual clearance can be sealed by glue or an attached seal; and or

- A residual clearance, which can also be sealed, remains between the projection 1 13C.1 of the lower wall 100 and the floor slab D; and or

the opposite longitudinal ends of each insert 1 16 are located in the immediate vicinity of the chaining units 1 13A.2, respectively 1 13C.2, or even partially delimit these chaining housings, so that the holes 1 16A and 1 16B open directly and freely in these docking housing, which, in particular, facilitates the establishment of associated fasteners, such as screws 101; and or

both inserts 1 16 and chaining beams 131 and 132 are made in the form of open-section metal sections, for example having a "C" section, which, in particular, also facilitates the positioning of fixing members .

The composite wall 100 is distinguished from the wall 10 by a fourth aspect, in which the wall 100 comprises, in addition to its plate 1 14, covering the respective faces, facing away from the panel 1 1 1, the projection 1 13A.1 and the pin 1 13B formed along the side edge 100B of the wall 100 in the same way as the pin 13B of the wall 10, a plate 1 18: as clearly visible in Figure 16, this additional plate 1 18 covers the face of the pin 1 13B, facing away from the panel 1 12 and extends into the insulating layer 1 13, being contiguous to the panel 1 1 1. In other words, along the side edge 100B, the plate 1 18 and the corresponding portion of the wafer 1 14 are substantially symmetrical to one another, with respect to a vertical vertical geometric plane of the wall 100, parallel to the panels 1 1 1 and 1 12. It is understood that, when the composite wall 100 is laterally assembled to a similar composite wall by the assembly "mortise and tenon" described in detail in connection with the wall 10, the wafer 1 18 form a connecting piece between the respective panels 1 1 1 of the two walls thus assembled 100, overlapping the joint between these two panels 1 1 1. By bringing back ad hoc fixing elements, such as glue, screws, nails, etc., the plate 1 18 of the wall 100, which is found inside the corresponding mortise 1 13D of the other wall 100, is, all along the side edges of the walls 100, attached to these two walls assembled, on either side of the joint between their panel 1 1 1, avoiding in particular any risk of cracking at this joint. Taking into account the above explanations, it is understood that this wafer 1 18 provides, in a way, at least a part of the connection function provided by the insert 15 for the wall 10. In Fig. 18 is shown a composite corner piece 120 consisting of two parts 120 'and 120 ", each of the parts 120' and 120" of the corner piece 120 includes an interior facing panel 121 ', 121 ", an outer cladding panel 122 ', 122 ", and an insulation layer 123', 123", which are respectively similar, from a functional point of view, or even structural, to the components 1 1 1 to 1 13 of the wall 100. Each of the parts 120 'and 120 "of the corner piece 120 differs from the composite wall 100 in that the side edge 120'D of the part 120' does not have a mortise but is beveled and that the side edge 120 "B of the part 120" does not have a tenon but is also beveled, and this complementary to the bevel formed by the side edge 120'D of the part 120 ': thanks to this complementarity, the bevel formed by the side edge 120'D is abutted against the bevel formed by the side edge 120 "B, thus giving the corner piece 120 its angular shape, the inner panels 121 'and 121 "forming between them an angle of substantially 90 ° in the example shown in Figure 18. In other words, the parts 120' and 120 "of the corner piece 120 extend generally symmetrically from each other with respect to a geometric plane defined by the abutment of the complementary bevels formed by the side edges 120'D and 120" B , this plane of symmetry forming, with respect to each of the outer panels 122 'and 122 ", an angle of 45 ° in the example of FIG. 18. In practice, it will be noted that the aforesaid symmetry applies to the respective regions, turned towards each other, parts 120 'and 120 ", without applying to the respective opposite regions of these parts: indeed, as clearly visible in FIG. 18, the part 120' presents, in the direction of its horizontal songs, an extension a little more important than the extent, in the di rection of its horizontal edges, the piece 120 "and, especially, the side edge 120'B of the workpiece 120 'forms a pin 123'B, functionally similar to the pin 1 13B of the composite wall 100, while the side edge 120 "B of the portion 120" forms a mortise 123 "D, functionally similar to the mortise 1 13D of the wall 100.

It will be understood that the assembly of the corner piece 120 with, for example, the composite wall 100, laterally to one another, rests on a "tongue and groove" type assembly as described above. Moreover, in FIG. 18, the composite wall 100 represented at its post 1 13B received in the mortise 123 "D of the corner piece 120 for the purposes of assembling this wall 100 and this corner piece 120 within a corresponding building set.

According to optional arrangements, which are also implemented in the embodiment of FIG. 18: at least one of the parts 120 'and 120 "of the corner piece 120, in this case the part 120" in FIG. 18, further comprises a carrier insert 126', functionally similar, or even structurally, to the insert 1 16 of the wall 100; and or

- The pin 123'B of the corner piece 120 has its face, facing away from the inner facing panel 121 ', covered with a wafer 124' similar functionally or structurally to the wafer 1 14 of the wall 100; and or

- The pin 123'B of the corner piece 120 has its face, facing away from the outer facing panel 122 ', covered with a wafer 128' similar functionally or structurally to the wafer 1 18 of the wall 100; and or

in the abutting zone of the parts 120 'and 120 ", the corner piece 120 further comprises an additional carrier insert 126 arranged in both the insulating layer 1 13' and in the layer of insulation 1 13 "; and or

also in the abutment zone of the parts 120 'and 120 ", the corner piece 120 further comprises a bent plate 124 which directly connects the faces facing the inner panels 121' and 121 ", outer panels 122 'and 122" and / or

in the abutment zone of the portions 120 'and 120 ", the corner piece 120 further comprises an angled plate 128 which directly connects the faces facing each other, facing the outer panels 122' and 122 ", interior panels 121 'and 121".

In Figure 19, there is shown a composite corner piece 140, variant of the corner piece 120. The corner pieces 120 and 140 are identical, except that the angular shape of the corner piece 140 is obtuse. This variant illustrates the variations, ranging from 0 ° to 360 °, of the angle that can be chosen for the angular shape of the corner pieces 120 and 140, with a suitable angulation of the bevels respectively formed by the side edge 120'D, 140'D of the portion 120 ', 140' of the corner piece 120, 140 and the side edge 120 "B, 140" B of the portion 120 ", 140" of the corner piece 120, 140.

In practice, it is understood that a possibility of manufacturing the corner pieces 120 and 140 consists in disposing of the composite wall 100 and cutting the composite wall in a vertical inclined plane with respect to the cladding panels 121, 122 so as to obtain the two parts 120 'and 120 "of the corner piece 120 or the two parts 140' and 140" of the corner piece 140 according to the angulation of this section plane. Once these two parts obtained by cutting the composite wall 100, the one against the other is beveled their respective bevel and fixed integrally to each other by any appropriate means, if necessary by sealing the area abutment, for example by glue or by intermediate seal, and, where appropriate, relating the additional carrier insert 126 and the bent plates 124 and 128.

Furthermore, various arrangements and variants to the composite walls 10, 50, 60 and 100, the corner pieces 20, 120 and 140, and the building sets 30 and 130, described so far, are also possible. As examples:

as illustrated in FIG. 6 for the construction assembly 30, the composite walls 10, 50 and 100 may, if necessary, be cut in order to delimit openings in the construction, trimmers or similar materials that can be inserted along cut slices of the panels, depending on the finishing needs;

rather than being completely integral with the remainder of the insulation layer 13 or 13, the pin 13B or 13B may, as shown in dashed lines only in FIGS. 4 and 16, be partially formed of a insert, which extends along the side edge 10B or 100B of the composite wall and which, where appropriate, incorporates a connecting insert or a carrier insert;

as an option, a lattice may be integrated in the thickness of the insulation layer 13, 23, 13, 123 'or 123 "by arranging such a lattice against the inserts 15, 16, 16, 126 'and / or 126, this mesh improves the thermal diffusion and / or reinforces the resistance to burglary of the composite wall;

as an option, a plaster support and / or a primary support and / or an insulating coating and / or a sound or thermal insulation plate may be added to one or both of the faces 10E and 101 composite walls;

- The "mortise and tenon" assembly keys, that is to say the complementary profiles between the tenon and the mortise of the composite walls, can be changed for reasons of optimization of the joints and / or for reasons marketing; it is the same for the connecting keys between the projection and the junction relief; and or

- In addition to the corner pieces 20, 120 and 140 envisaged above, other angular junction pieces may be provided to adapt to the final assembly; so ; it will be understood that right angle pieces, left corner pieces, cross pieces, T-pieces, angular junction pieces, angular joining pieces can be provided. obtuse, etc. ; likewise, composite termination walls can be provided.

Claims

1. - Composite wall (10; 50; 60; 100) for construction,

having a rigid or semi-rigid insulation layer (13; 13), which is interposed between two facing panels (1 1, 12; 1 1 1, 1 12), substantially parallel and aligned, and at least a carrier structural insert (16; 1 16), which extends in length between the two opposite horizontal edges (10A, 10C; 100A, 100C) of the composite wall and which is arranged in the insulation layer (13; 13) so that the insulation layer is interposed between each of the two facing panels (1 1, 12; 1 1 1, 1 12) and at least the current portion of the carrier insert (16; 1 16),

characterized in that, along a first (10A; 100A) of the two opposite horizontal edges (10A, 10C; 100A, 100C) of the composite wall (10; 50; 60; 100), the insulation layer ( 13; 1 13) forms, in its portion facing a first (12; 1 12) of the two facing panels (1 1, 12; 1 1 1, 1 12), a projection (13A.1; 1 13A.1 ) which extends in length on the first horizontal edge of the composite wall, while its portion facing the second facing panel (1 1; 1 1 1) forms a first chaining housing (13A.2; 1 13A. 2) extending along the projection (13A.1);

in that, along the second horizontal edge (10C; 100C) of the composite wall (10; 50; 60; 100), the insulation layer (13; 13) forms, in its portion facing the first panel facing (12; 1 12), a relief (13C.1; 1 13C.1) of junction complementary to the projection (13A.1; 1 13A.1), which extends in length on the second horizontal edge of the composite wall, while its portion facing the second facing panel (1 1; 1 1 1) forms a second chaining housing (13C.2; 1 13C.2) which extends along the junction relief;

and in that the or each carrier insert (16; 1 16) is provided, at each of its longitudinal ends, with means (16C, 16D, 1 16A, 1 16B, 1 16C, 1 16D) for securing with an element of chaining (31, 34, 35; 131, 132) arranged respectively in the first chaining housing (13A.2; 13A.2) or in the second chaining housing (13C; 13C.2).

2. Composite wall according to claim 1,

characterized in that, along the first horizontal edge (10A) of the composite wall (10):

the protrusion (13A.1) of the insulation layer (13) protrudes from the respective corresponding ends (11A, 12A) of the two facing panels (1 1, 12), and - The first chaining housing (13A.2) has its bottom which is set back the respective corresponding ends (1 1 C, 12C) of the two facing panels (1 1, 12);

and in that, along the second horizontal edge (10C) of the composite wall (10), the entire insulation layer (13) is recessed from the respective corresponding ends (1 1 C, 12C) of the two facing panels (1 1, 12), the junction relief (13C.1) and the second chaining slot (13C.2) together forming an interlocking space (13C) for selectively an attached chaining member (34) or the projection (13A.1) and the first chaining housing (13A.2) receiving an attached chaining member (31).

3. - Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing means of each longitudinal end of the or each carrier insert (1 16) comprise at least one hole (1 16A, 1 16B) receiving a member (101) for attachment to the associated chaining element (131, 132), delimited by the end of the carrier insert.

4. - Composite wall according to claim 3, characterized in that the securing means of each longitudinal end of the or each carrier insert (1 16) further comprises a nut (1 16C, 1 16D), which is fixed permanently at the end of the carrier insert, into which said hole (1 16A, 1 16B) opens and which is adapted to be engaged by the fastener, in particular a screw (101), received in said hole.

5. - Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing means of each longitudinal end of the or each carrier insert (16) comprise at least one relief (16C, 16D) of the end of the carrier insert, designed to cooperate by complementarity of shapes with the associated chaining element (31, 34).

6. - Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the securing means of each longitudinal end of the or each carrier insert is adapted to be welded to the associated chaining element.

7. - Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite wall (10; 50; 60; 100) further comprises a first plate (14; 1 14), which covers the face of the protrusion (13A.1; 1 13A.1), shot in the opposite of the second facing panel (1 1; 1 1 1), and which extends into the insulation layer (13; 1 13), being contiguous to the first facing panel (12; 1 12).

8. - Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, along a first (10D; 100D) of the two opposite side edges (10B, 10D; 100B, 100D) of the composite wall (10 50; 60; 100), the insulation layer (13; 13) is recessed from respective corresponding ends (11D, 12D) of the facing panels (11,12; 11,11,12); and thereby forming a mortise (13D; 13D), and in that, along the second side edge (10B; 100B) of the composite wall, the insulation layer (13; 13) overflows respective corresponding ends ( 1 1 B, 12B) facing panels (1 1, 12; 1 1 1, 1 12) and thus forms a pin (13B; 1 13B), which is substantially complementary to the mortise (13D; 1 13D).

9. - composite wall according to claims 7 and 8 taken together, characterized in that the first plate (14; 1 14) also covers the face of the pin (13B; 1 13B), facing away from the second facing panel (1 1, 1 1 1).

10. - composite wall according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the composite wall (100) further comprises a second plate (1 18), which covers the face of the post (1 13B), turned to the opposite the first facing panel (1 12), and which extends into the insulation layer (1 13), being contiguous to the second facing panel (1 1 1).

1 1. Composite wall according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the composite wall (10) further comprises at least one structural connecting insert (15), which is arranged in the insulation layer (13) so that the insulation layer is interposed between each of the two facing panels (1 1, 12) and at least the current portion of the connecting insert (15), and which extends in length, at a time , between the two opposite horizontal edges (10A, 10C) of the composite wall and in the pin (13B) to secure thereon elements (2 ') for fixing the assembly between the tenon of the composite wall and the mortise d another composite wall.

12. - Composite wall according to any one of claims 8 to 1 1, characterized in that the pin (13B; 1 13B) is partially formed of a piece attached to the remainder of the insulation layer (13; ), which extends along the second song side (10B; 100B) of the composite wall (10; 50; 60; 100) and which optionally incorporates the one or one of the carrier inserts (16; 1 16) or the one or one of the connecting inserts (15).

13. Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by several carrier inserts (16), and in that the composite wall (60) further comprises at least one bracing element (70), which is arranged in the insulation layer (13) and which connects the upper longitudinal end of one of the insert (16) to the lower longitudinal end of another of the inserts (16).

14. Composite wall according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or at least one of the carrier inserts (16) is either permanently bonded to the insulation layer (13), being embedded in this layer insulation, is received and fixed in a complementary reservation (59), delimited by the insulation layer (13).

15.- Construction assembly (30; 130), characterized in that it comprises:

- at least two composite walls (10; 50; 60; 100) according to any one of the preceding claims, the projection (13A.1; 1 13A.1) of a first of two composite walls cooperating by complementarity of shapes with the joining relief (13C.1; 1 13C.1) of the second composite wall, and

- at least one chaining element (31; 131), which, on the one hand, is arranged in the first chaining housing (13A.2; 1 13A.2) of a first of the two composite walls and is fixed therein to the securing means (16C; 1 16A, 1 16C) of the corresponding longitudinal end of the or each carrier insert (16; 1 16) of the first composite wall and which, on the other hand, is arranged in the second housing chaining (13C; 1 13C.2) of the second composite wall and is attached thereto to the securing means (16D; 1B, 16D) of the corresponding longitudinal end of the or each carrier insert (16; of the second composite wall so that the first and second composite walls are resiliently joined to one another, particularly to tearing off.

16.- Construction assembly, characterized in that it comprises:

at least one composite wall (100) according to claim 8 or according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and 9 to 14 taken in combination with claim 8, and

at least one composite corner piece (120) consisting of two parts (120 '),

120 "): - each comprising a rigid or semi-rigid insulation layer (123 ', 123 ") interposed between two substantially parallel and aligned panels (1 1 1', 1 12 ', 1 1 1", 1 12 "),

- whose respective side edges (120'D, 120 "B) are bevelled complementary to one another and are abutted against one another by giving an angular shape to the corner piece (120 ), and

- whose respective side edges (120'B, 120 "D), opposite their bevelled edge, form, respectively, a tenon (123'B) and a mortise (123" D) which are substantially complementary to the mortise (1 13D) and the pin (1 13B) of the composite wall (100) so as to assemble the composite wall laterally to the corner piece.