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EP3034856B1 - Soupape d'injection de combustible - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3034856B1
EP3034856B1 EP15191378.7A EP15191378A EP3034856B1 EP 3034856 B1 EP3034856 B1 EP 3034856B1 EP 15191378 A EP15191378 A EP 15191378A EP 3034856 B1 EP3034856 B1 EP 3034856B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
fuel injection
injection valve
valve according
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15191378.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3034856A1 (fr
Inventor
Buenyamin Duru
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3034856A1 publication Critical patent/EP3034856A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3034856B1 publication Critical patent/EP3034856B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/27—Fuel-injection apparatus with filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F02M2200/505—Adjusting spring tension by sliding spring seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injector in which a fuel filter is press-fitted into the fuel inlet port at the upstream end of the fuel injector.
  • This fuel filter is provided at the periphery, for example, with a brass ring which forms the mating with the wall of the Brennscherinlassstutzens when pressing the fuel filter.
  • the brass ring surrounds an annular solid plastic section of the main body of the fuel filter, from which extend, for example, three webs in the longitudinal direction to a common bottom portion, of which the actual screen mesh is encapsulated in these sub-areas.
  • An adjusting sleeve downstream of the fuel filter is used to adjust the spring bias of a voltage applied to the adjusting return spring.
  • the valve has an actuator, by the excitation of a lifting movement of a valve needle is achieved, whereby actuation of a valve closing body, which forms a sealing seat together with a valve seat surface, is made possible.
  • the valve has an inlet-side fuel supply, wherein in the fuel inlet, an adjusting element for adjusting the spring force of a return spring is arranged and wherein the adjusting element is bounded by a sleeve to the outside and in the wall and in the bottom of the sleeve a filter area is provided with a plurality of through holes, which are introduced for example by means of laser drilling.
  • a fuel injection valve is already known, in which a disc-shaped throttle element is introduced as an independent insert in the interior of a filter element.
  • the filter element is pressed into the inlet-side fuel supply of the fuel injection valve.
  • the function integration relates insofar as the filtering of the fuel and the damping of pressure pulsations in an assembly, but not the function of a setting element for adjusting the spring force of a return spring.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that a setting element is used as a combined component in the fuel inlet that combines a high functional integration (adjustment of the spring force of the return spring, filtering the fuel, damping of pressure pulsations) in itself, the adjustment of a Sleeve is formed to the outside, which receives an insert in its interior and this safe and protected encloses and in the wall directly a filter function is integrated.
  • the filter region of the adjusting element provided in the sleeve has between 3000 and 17000 passage openings, which are introduced, for example, by means of laser drilling.
  • the cross-sectional area of the filter area as the sum of all cross-sections of the passage openings is greater than the cross-sectional area of the throttle bore of the throttle element.
  • a spring guide can be integrated in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner in the production of the sleeve of the adjusting element, without the need for additional components.
  • the cost of manufacturing the adjustment can be kept low in this way.
  • the internal geometries of the inner pole and the connecting sleeve can be made simplified; the tolerance requirements can be lowered.
  • the spring guide integrated on the adjusting element according to the invention also has the advantage that the wear in the inner pole bore is markedly reduced compared with spring guides arranged directly in the inner pole.
  • FIG. 1 an axial section through a fuel injection valve according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged section of the in FIG. 1 shown fuel injection valve in the area II in FIG. 1 with an embodiment of the adjusting element according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 the adjustment in an outside view
  • FIG. 4 a cut-open adjustment according to FIG. 3
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 Embodiments of a fuel injection valve according to the invention will be described in more detail, is to better understand the invention first with reference to FIG. 1 an already known fuel injection valve will be briefly explained with respect to its essential components.
  • fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1, which has at least one injection opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a constriction 26 and connected to each other by a non-ferromagnetic connecting member 29.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. Upstream of the dial 15 is an armature 20. This is a non-positively connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by an adjusting sleeve 24 to bias.
  • Fuel channels 30, 31 and 32 extend in the upper valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a lower guide element 36.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel distributor line, not shown, and by a further seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
  • a Vorhubfeder 38 is arranged, which holds the armature 20 in the resting state of the fuel injection valve 1 in abutment against the second flange 34.
  • the spring constant of the Vorhubfeder 38 is substantially smaller than the spring constant of the return spring 23rd
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 and the Vorhubfeder 38 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon excitation of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which initially moves the armature 20 counter to the spring force of the prestroke spring 38 in the stroke direction, wherein an anchor free travel is predetermined by the distance between the first flange 21 and the armature 20. After passing through the armature free passage, the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, against the spring force of the return spring 23 also in the stroke direction with.
  • the armature 20 passes through a total stroke, which corresponds to the height of the working gap 27 between the armature 20 and the inner pole 13.
  • the valve closing body 4 communicating with the valve needle 3 lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel guided via the fuel channels 30 to 32 is sprayed through the injection opening 7.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve connected to the needle 3 in communication first flange 21 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the Valve-closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • the Vorhubfeder 38 then acts on the armature 20 again so that it does not rebound from the second flange 34, but returns to the rest state without Anschlagspreller.
  • the inner pole 13 is made sleeve-shaped towards the inlet end of the fuel injection valve 1 and thus forms a connecting sleeve 40 in this area.
  • the connecting sleeve 40 can also be formed as a separate component independently of the inner pole 13, into which then e.g. the inner pole 13 is fitted.
  • the filter element 25 is introduced, which serves to filter out such particles in the fuel, which could otherwise lead to functional impairments of the relevant valve components such as the sealing seat.
  • the electromagnetic circuit may e.g. be replaced by a piezoelectric actuator or a magnetostrictive actuator as an actuator.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a partial axial sectional view of the in FIG. 1
  • an adjustment 50 which is designed as a combined component and at least the functions of the adjusting sleeve 24 and the filter element 25 combines.
  • the adjustment element 50 itself only consists of two parts.
  • the outer sheath of the adjusting element 50 forms a metal sleeve 51, which is executed, for example, multi-stepped and manufactured by deep drawing.
  • the thin-walled sleeve 51 has a radially enlarged region 61 in an inlet-side section, for example, which represents the diameter-largest region of the adjustment element 50.
  • the axially succeeding outflow-side portion is the smallest diameter portion 62 of the adjustment member 50, but is only slightly smaller in outer diameter than the pressing portion 55 and acts as a filter portion 62.
  • the filter element is thus integrated directly; an additional screen member as an insert for the adjustment member 50 is not required.
  • the filter portion 62 is characterized in that a plurality of through holes 63 are provided in it.
  • the filter region 62 in the sleeve 51 of the adjusting element 50 has between 3000 and 17000 through-openings 63.
  • the cross-sectional area of the filter region 62 is the sum of all cross sections of the Throughput openings 63 are larger than the cross-sectional area of a throttle bore 54 of a throttle element 56 integrated in the adjustment element 50.
  • the passage openings 63 are ideally introduced by means of laser drilling in the wall of the sleeve 51.
  • a throttle bore 54 which has an opening cross section which is smaller by a multiple than the opening cross section of the connecting sleeve 40 and the inner pole 13.
  • the throttle bore 54 has, for example, a diameter of 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm, depending on the opening width of the connecting sleeve 40.
  • the throttle bore 54 is introduced in a separate insert, which is designed as a disk-shaped throttle element 56.
  • the throttle element 56 is accommodated at least partially in the radially enlarged region 61 of the thin-walled sleeve 51.
  • the sleeve 51 is designed conically projecting above the pressing area 55 with a bulge 60. Since the throttle element 56 is itself provided with a conical lateral surface at least in a partial region, the throttle element 56 can be received in a form-fitting manner in the area of the bulge 60 of the radially enlarged region 61 of the sleeve 51.
  • connection region can be secured in that a welded connection 69 in the form of a peripheral seam or several stitching points in the area of the bulge 60 is produced.
  • the welded joint 69 can optionally by laser, roll, resistance welding o.ä. Joining methods are produced.
  • the edge region of the throttle element 56 is sealed so far that a bypass to the throttle bore 54 is prevented.
  • the throttle member 56 has, for example, an upstream side portion 66 smaller in diameter than the portion corresponding to the radially enlarged portion 61 of the sleeve 51 and protruding from the sleeve 51.
  • the radially enlarged region 61 of the sleeve 51 can also be cylindrical, so that in this case also the throttle element 56 has a cylindrical insertion region.
  • the lower, downstream end of the adjusting element 50 is formed by a pin-like guide means 67, which adjoins the filter portion 62, but has a significantly smaller diameter and the guide of the return spring 23 is used, so that advantageously a further function in the adjustment 50th is integrated.
  • the adjusting element 50 is guided into the inner pole 13, in which case the return spring 23 is finally adjusted to a desired pre-press dimension via the pressing region 55.
  • the connecting sleeve 40 is inserted over the protruding upper end of the adjusting element 50.
  • FIG. 3 shows the adjustment 50 in an external view.
  • the design of the sleeve 51 which seen over its axial length has a plurality of regions 55, 61, 62, which have a different outer diameter.
  • the throttle element 56 may ideally be a simple, precisely made in outer and inner diameter disc with parallel end faces.
  • FIG. 4 is the adjustment 50 according to FIG. 3 shown in a sectional view.
  • the throttle element 56 is designed disc-shaped and stepped and is the inlet side of the sleeve 51 on the bulge 60 of the sleeve 51 out.
  • the protruding pin-like portion 66 has a significantly smaller outer diameter than the outer diameter of which is located within the sleeve 51 portion of the throttle element 56th
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and also in a variety of other designs of fuel injection valves compared to those in FIG. 1 shown design of the fuel injection valve feasible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1) pour des installations d'injection de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne, en particulier pour l'injection directe de carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un actionneur (9, 10, 13, 20), dont l'activation permet d'obtenir un mouvement de course d'un pointeau de soupape (3), de sorte qu'un actionnement d'un corps de fermeture de soupape (4), qui forme un siège d'étanchéité conjointement avec une surface de siège de soupape (6), soit possible, et comprenant une alimentation en carburant du côté de l'entrée (16), un élément d'ajustement (50) étant disposé dans l'alimentation en carburant pour l'ajustement de la force de ressort d'un ressort de rappel (23), l'élément d'ajustement (50) étant limité vers l'extérieur par une douille (51), une région de filtre (62) avec une pluralité d'ouvertures de passage (63) étant prévue dans la paroi de la douille (51),
    caractérisée en ce que
    un élément d'étranglement (56) est introduit à l'intérieur de la douille (51) en tant que pièce d'insertion autonome, l'élément d'étranglement (56) étant monté au moins en partie dans une région (61) radialement agrandie de la douille (51) et la douille (51) étant réalisée sous forme évasée coniquement avec un évasement (60) pour recevoir de manière sûre l'élément d'étranglement (56), de telle sorte que
    l'élément d'étranglement (56) pourvu au moins en partie d'une surface d'enveloppe conique soit reçu par engagement par correspondance de formes dans la région de l'évasement (60) de la douille (51).
  2. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la douille (51) constitue un composant embouti profond à paroi mince.
  3. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce qu'un étranglement d'écoulement sous la forme d'un alésage d'étranglement (54) est prévu dans l'élément d'étranglement (56), lequel présente une section transversale d'ouverture qui est inférieure d'un multiple à la section transversale d'ouverture de l'alimentation en carburant (16).
  4. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément d'étranglement (56) est réalisé en forme de disque.
  5. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément d'étranglement (56) fait saillie hors de la douille (51) par une portion (66).
  6. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément d'étranglement (56) est introduit du côté de l'entrée dans la douille (51) de l'élément d'ajustement (50).
  7. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la douille (51) présente, vu sur sa longueur axiale, plusieurs régions (55, 61, 62) qui présentent un diamètre extérieur différent.
  8. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la région de filtre (62) dans la douille (51) de l'élément d'ajustement (50) présente entre 3000 et 17 000 ouvertures de passage (63).
  9. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la surface en section transversale de la région de filtre (62), en tant que somme de toutes les sections transversales des ouvertures de passage (63), est supérieure à la surface en section transversale de l'alésage d'étranglement (54) de l'élément d'étranglement (56).
  10. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la surface en section transversale de la région de filtre (62), en tant que somme de toutes les sections transversales des ouvertures de passage (63), vaut entre 1 mm2 et 10 mm2.
  11. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    des moyens (67) qui servent au guidage du ressort de rappel (23) sont prévus sur la douille (51).
EP15191378.7A 2014-12-16 2015-10-26 Soupape d'injection de combustible Active EP3034856B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014225999.1A DE102014225999A1 (de) 2014-12-16 2014-12-16 Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3034856A1 EP3034856A1 (fr) 2016-06-22
EP3034856B1 true EP3034856B1 (fr) 2018-12-12

Family

ID=54360209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15191378.7A Active EP3034856B1 (fr) 2014-12-16 2015-10-26 Soupape d'injection de combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3034856B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014225999A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016226135A1 (de) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4003228A1 (de) 1990-02-03 1991-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares ventil
US5335863A (en) 1993-05-03 1994-08-09 Siemens Automotive L.P. Filter cartridge mounting for a top-feed fuel injector
US6434822B1 (en) 2000-09-13 2002-08-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method of fuel injector assembly
DE10109410A1 (de) 2001-02-28 2002-09-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10220632A1 (de) * 2001-05-10 2002-12-12 Denso Corp Filter und Brennstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit demselben
DE60238813D1 (de) 2001-09-19 2011-02-17 Filtertek Inc Integrierter Kraftstofffilter und Kalibrierungsrohr für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
EP1806497B1 (fr) * 2006-01-10 2010-11-10 Continental Automotive GmbH Injecteur
EP2000662B1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2012-03-14 Continental Automotive GmbH Réglage et agencement de filtre pour soupape d'injection, et soupape d'injection
DE102009000183A1 (de) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
EP2426351B1 (fr) 2010-09-02 2014-11-12 Continental Automotive GmbH Ensemble de filtre de carburant ajustable et soupape d'injection
EP2811151A1 (fr) * 2013-06-04 2014-12-10 Continental Automotive GmbH Filtre pour soupape d'injection de carburant, soupape d'injection de carburant et procédé de fabrication d'un filtre destiné à une soupape d'injection de carburant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3034856A1 (fr) 2016-06-22
DE102014225999A1 (de) 2016-06-16

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