EP2937159B1 - Method of making a spanner - Google Patents

Method of making a spanner Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP2937159B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: spanner; head; arch; shank; metal blank
Prior art date: 2014-12-30
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Active

Application number

EP14200639.4A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP2937159A1 (en

Inventor

Ming-Chang Chen

Mao-Chih Liao

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Individual

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2014-12-30

Filing date

2014-12-30

Publication date

2017-02-15

2014-12-30 Priority to PL14200639T priority Critical patent/PL2937159T3/pl

2014-12-30 Priority to SI201430207T priority patent/SI2937159T1/sl

2014-12-30 Priority to ES14200639.4T priority patent/ES2624611T3/es

2014-12-30 Priority to DK14200639.4T priority patent/DK2937159T3/en

2014-12-30 Priority to EP14200639.4A priority patent/EP2937159B1/en

2014-12-30 Priority to HUE14200639A priority patent/HUE032896T2/hu

2014-12-30 Priority to SM20170230T priority patent/SMT201700230T1/it

2014-12-30 Priority to PT142006394T priority patent/PT2937159T/pt

2014-12-30 Priority to LTEP14200639.4T priority patent/LT2937159T/lt

2014-12-30 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

2014-12-30 Priority to RS20170435A priority patent/RS55922B1/sr

2015-10-28 Publication of EP2937159A1 publication Critical patent/EP2937159A1/en

2017-02-15 Application granted granted Critical

2017-02-15 Publication of EP2937159B1 publication Critical patent/EP2937159B1/en

2017-04-28 Priority to HRP20170659TT priority patent/HRP20170659T1/hr

2017-05-09 Priority to CY20171100497T priority patent/CY1118895T1/el

Status Active legal-status Critical Current

2034-12-30 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Images

Classifications

- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K5/00—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers
- B21K5/16—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers tools for turning nuts

Definitions

This invention relates to a spanner shaping method and relates particularly to a method of making a spanner capable of reducing the waste of the material, shortening the processing time and decreasing the cost.
a traditional method 1 of making a spanner S1 is carried out by hot forging.
the method 1 comprises a preparing step 11 , a cutting step 12 , a heating step 13 , a punching step 14 , a cooling step 15 and a removing step 16 .
the preparing step 11 prepares a rolled round metal blank a .
the cutting step 12 cuts the blank a into a proper length.
the heating step 13 applies a heater 131 providing a fixed and high temperature to heat and soften the blank a .
a punch 141 and dies 142 disposed on the punch 141 and provided with a shaping impress are used in the punching step 14 .
the punching step 14 puts the heated and softened blank a on the dies 142 , pressurizes the round blank a to form a flat blank a1 and presses the flat blank a1 to build an impression of a spanner outline R .
the cooling step 15 cools the impressed flat blank a1 .
the removing step 16 prepares a removing machine 161 to remove the residual metal along the peripheral edge of the spanner outline R . Therefore, a finished spanner S1 is completed.
such heating method requires a high cost for processing with correlated heating machines. Further, the heated blank a1 can only be shaped after the cooling step 15 is done, and this requires more complicated actions and takes much time.
a further traditional method 3 of making a spanner S2 is carried out by cold forging.
the method 3 comprises a preparing step 31 , a head forming step 32 , a stamping 33 and a removing step 34 .
the preparing step 31 prepares a round metal blank b .
the head forming step 32 is executed by cold-forging two ends of the round metal blank b to form two round heads h .
the stamping 33 uses a stamping press (not shown) to press the round metal blank b with two round heads h whereby the round metal blank b is formed into a flat blank b1 with a spanner outline.
the removing step 34 removes the residual metal along the peripheral edge of the spanner outline of the flat blank b1 with another stamping press (not shown) . Therefore, a finished spanner S2 is completed.
the metal blank b must be pressed by a particular press.
the stamping step 33 must prepare a stamping press whose power output and weight is much larger than those of the press used in the head forming step 32 to provide enough driving forces to press the round metal blank b into the flat blank b1 and shape the spanner outline. Therefore, the bulk and the cost of the necessary stamping presses used in the above steps may be much higher than those of the common stamping presses, and this usually increases the processing cost for making the finished spanner S2 .
An object of this invention is to provide a method of making a spanner which reduces the waste of the material, shortens the processing time and decreases the manufacturing cost.
the method of making a spanner of this invention comprises the steps of preparing a flat metal blank (preparing step), forging and pressing a part of the flat metal blank for forming a head and forming a shank which is forged and extended outwards from said head, wherein a width of the shank is smaller than a width of the head (initial forging step), pressing the head to form a first arch-shaped part (first end stamping step), pressing a shank end of the shank far away from the head to expand the shank end and form a second arch-shaped part whose size is smaller than a size of the first arch-shaped part (a second end stamping step), and pressing the head and the shank end again to remove scrap or redundant metal projecting from their arch-shaped parts and punch respective finished holes in the head and the shank end, thereby completing a finished spanner (trimming step). Consequently, the preparation of the flat metal blank for processing facilitates the shortened processing time, the promoted processing efficiency and the reduced amount of scrap and prevents the waste of the material
a width of the flat metal blank in the preparing step equals a maximum outer diameter of the finished spanner.
a cutting step follows the preparing step.
the cutting step cuts the metal blank into sections by using a cutting machine whereby each section of the metal blank is gripped and fed for continuing the initial forging step.
the first end stamping step can not only form the first arch-shaped part by pressing the head but punch a first archetypal hole as an initial form of the finished hole in the first arch-shaped part.
the second end stamping step can not only form the second arch-shaped part by pressing the shank end but punch a second archetypal hole as an initial form of the finished hole in the second arch-shaped part.
the first end stamping step applies a heading machine to press the head.
the heading machine comprises a body, a fixing die and a push unit disposed on the body, a press die disposed opposite the fixing die and a grip unit disposed on the body for gripping and moving the metal blank to where the fixing die is located.
the fixing die forms a shaping cavity and a discharging hole communicating with the shaping cavity.
the push unit can be inserted into the discharging hole.
the second end stamping step applies a forming machine to press the shank end.
the forming machine comprises a pair of lateral dies on which a die cavity is formed and a stamping die disposed in relation to the lateral dies.
the shank is gripped by the lateral dies for executing the pressing action.
the heat treatment is further added in this invention.
a heating step is executed before the initial forging step, the first end stamping step or the second end stamping step.
the initial forging step, the first end stamping step and the second end stamping step come after a first heating step, a second heating step and a third heating step respectively.
a method 4 of a first preferred embodiment of this invention for making a spanner 8 comprises a preparing step 41 , an initial forging step 42 , a first end stamping step 43 , a second end stamping step 44 and a trimming step 45 .
the preparing step 41 prepares a flat metal blank 5 .
the flat metal blank 5 has a shape with four straight sides. It can be especially rectangular in shape as shown.
a width of the flat metal blank 5 at least equals a maximum outer diameter of the finished spanner 8
a thickness of the flat metal blank 5 equals a thickness of the finished spanner 8 .
the initial forging step 42 forges and presses a part of the flat metal blank 5 .
the initial forging step 42 subjects a part of the flat metal blank 5 to compressive forces. Therefore, a head 51 and a shank 52 extended outwards from the head 51 are formed into a T-shaped contour.
the head 51 is formed at one end of the flat metal blank 5 , and the compressed shank 52 connected to the head 51 provides a reduced width w2 smaller than a width w1 of the head 51 .
the width w1 of the head 51 equals the original width of the flat metal blank 5 .
the first end stamping step 43 presses the head 51 to form a first arch-shaped part d1 which is a part with a curved or arched peripheral wall as the archetype of the spanner end. More specifically, the first end stamping step 43 in this preferred embodiment applies a heading machine 6 to press the head 51 .
the heading machine 6 comprises a body 61 , a fixing die 62 and a push unit 63 disposed on the body 61 , a press die 64 disposed opposite the fixing die 62 and a grip unit 65 disposed on the body 61 for gripping and moving the metal blank 5 to where the fixing die 62 is located.
the fixing die 62 has a shaping cavity 621 formed thereon and a discharging hole 622 communicating with the shaping cavity 621 .
the push unit 63 can be inserted into the discharging hole 622 .
the head 51 is accommodated in the shaping cavity 621 and pressed by the press die 64 to form the first arch-shaped part d1 as shown in Fig. 6-1 .
the time of punching a hole in the head 51 is decided by the structure of the dies. For example, the head 51 , as shown in Fig.
a first archetypal hole h1 may be punched in the first arch-shaped part d1 at the time of pressing as shown in Fig. 6-2 so that it is set as an initial form of a first finished hole 81 of the finished spanner 8 .
the push unit 63 then goes into the discharging hole 622 to push the metal blank 5 .
the metal blank 5 is removed from the fixing die 62 to continue the step 44 .
the second end stamping step 44 presses a shank end 521 of the shank 52 in an opposite direction to or far away from the head 51 to form a second arch-shaped part d2 which is a part with a curved or arched peripheral wall as the archetype of the spanner end. More specifically, the second end stamping step 44 in this preferred embodiment applies a forming machine 7 to press the shank end 521 of the shank 52 .
the forming machine 7 comprises a pair of lateral dies 71 between which the metal blank 5 is placed and gripped and a stamping die 72 disposed in relation to the pair of lateral dies 71 .
the pair of lateral dies 71 forms a die cavity 711 thereon.
the stamping die 72 presses the shank end 521 so that the shank end 521 becomes deformed and expanded by the pressing force.
the deformed and expanded shank end 521 then fills the die cavity 711 to form the second arch-shaped part d2 whose size may be smaller than the size of the first arch-shaped part d1 .
the time of punching a hole in the shank end 521 is also decided by the structure of the dies. For example, the shank end 521 , as shown in Fig.
a second archetypal hole h2 may be punched in the second arch-shaped part d2 at the time of pressing as shown in Fig. 6-2 so that it is set as an initial form of a second finished hole 82 of the finished spanner 8 .
the metal blank 5 is removed from the lateral dies 71 to attain a half-finished spanner ready for the next step 45 .
the trimming step 45 removes scrap or redundant metal projecting from the first arch-shaped part d1 of the head 51 and the second arch-shaped part d2 of the shank 52 by pressing two ends of the half-finished spanner again, namely, the head 51 and the shank end 521 as discussed. Because the amount of the scrap is not much, this step 45 , different from the prior technique, attains the removal of the scrap without using the stamping press with large metric tons. This reduces the cost and makes the pressed portions neat. Concurrently, respective finished holes 81 , 82 with the desired dimensions and shapes are also formed on the head 51 and the shank end 521 , thereby completing a finished spanner 8 . It is also noted that these finished holes 81 , 82 can be more easily and quickly punched if the first archetypal hole h1 and the second archetypal hole h2 , as previously described, are made before the trimming step 45 .
the shape of the finished spanner 8 can be classified into three common types.
the A type comprises two ring-shaped heads at two ends of the spanner 8 , each of which forms a central hole 81(82) .
the B type comprises a ring-shaped head with a central hole 81 and jaws with an arch-shaped contour and an open hole 82 .
the C type two sets of jaws, each of which provides an open hole 81 (82) .
the shape of the spanner 8 can be changed according to the structure of manufacturing dies.
a second preferred embodiment of this invention for making a spanner 8 still comprises a preparing step 41 , an initial forging step 42 , a first end stamping step 43 , a second end stamping step 44 and a trimming step 45 .
This embodiment is characterized in that the flat metal blank 5 of the preparing step 41 is continuously rolled, and the preparing step 41 is followed by a cutting step 46 .
the cutting step 46 cuts the rolled metal blank 5 into sections by using a cutting machine 9 at the time of feeding the metal blank 5 . After the metal blank 5 is cut into sections, these sections can be directly and sequentially gripped and fed for continuing the steps 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 .
the actions of the steps 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 are the same as those of the first preferred embodiment and herein are omitted.
a third preferred embodiment and a fourth preferred embodiment of this invention still comprise a preparing step 41 , an initial forging step 42 , a first end stamping step 43 , a second end stamping step 44 and a trimming step 45 .
the fourth preferred embodiment differs from the third preferred embodiment in having the rolled metal blank 5 and the cutting step 46 as previously described.
these two preferred embodiments include a heating step 47 to heat the metal blank 5 by the high-frequency induction or other heating means.
the heating step 47 can be executed before the initial forging step 42 , the first end stamping step 43 or the second end stamping step 44 .
the heating step 47 can be executed before all the steps 42 , 43 , 44 .
the initial forging step 42 follows a first heating step 47a
the first end stamping step 43 follows a second heating step 47b
the second end stamping step 44 follows a third heating step 47c .
the metal blank 5 forms the head 51 and the shank 52 quickly and easily in the initial forging step 42
This also effects the small amount of the scrap, decreases the waste of the material, shortens the working time and increasing the processing efficiency.
the trimming step 45 only needs to remove very little scrap, thereby completing the finished spanner 8 quickly and easily.
this invention takes advantage of the flat metal blank to form the head and the shank directly. Therefore, two ends of the metal blank in the two stamping steps can be directly formed into the arch-shaped parts prepared for the archetype of the spanner to attain a half-finished spanner.
the trimming step is mainly to remove the scrap or redundant metal left on the two ends of the half-finished spanner and make sure that the finished hole are well punched, thereby completing a finished spanner. Therefore, the preparation of the flat metal blank allow the arch-shaped parts to be directly and quickly formed, thereby shortening the processing time, increasing the processing and forming efficiency and decreasing the cost.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Forging (AREA)
Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

EP14200639.4A 2014-12-30 2014-12-30 Method of making a spanner Active EP2937159B1 (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
ES14200639.4T ES2624611T3 (es)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Método de hacer una llave fija
DK14200639.4T DK2937159T3 (en)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Process for making a wrench
EP14200639.4A EP2937159B1 (en)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Method of making a spanner
HUE14200639A HUE032896T2 (hu)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Eljárás csavarkulcs elõállítására
SM20170230T SMT201700230T1 (it)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Procedimento per la realizzazione di una chiave
PT142006394T PT2937159T (pt)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Processo de fabrico de uma chave de porcas
PL14200639T PL2937159T3 (pl)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Sposób wytwarzania klucza maszynowego
RS20170435A RS55922B1 (sr)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Postupak za proizvodnju ključa za navrtku
SI201430207T SI2937159T1 (sl)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Metoda za izdelavo viličastega ključa
LTEP14200639.4T LT2937159T (lt)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Veržliarakčio gamybos būdas
HRP20170659TT HRP20170659T1 (hr)	2014-12-30	2017-04-28	Metoda izrade ključa za matice
CY20171100497T CY1118895T1 (el)	2014-12-30	2017-05-09	Μεθοδος κατασκευης ενος κλειδιου

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP14200639.4A EP2937159B1 (en)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Method of making a spanner

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP2937159A1 EP2937159A1 (en)	2015-10-28
EP2937159B1 true EP2937159B1 (en)	2017-02-15

Family

ID=52146369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP14200639.4A Active EP2937159B1 (en)	2014-12-30	2014-12-30	Method of making a spanner

Country Status (12)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP2937159B1 (hu)
CY (1)	CY1118895T1 (hu)
DK (1)	DK2937159T3 (hu)
ES (1)	ES2624611T3 (hu)
HR (1)	HRP20170659T1 (hu)
HU (1)	HUE032896T2 (hu)
LT (1)	LT2937159T (hu)
PL (1)	PL2937159T3 (hu)
PT (1)	PT2937159T (hu)
RS (1)	RS55922B1 (hu)
SI (1)	SI2937159T1 (hu)
SM (1)	SMT201700230T1 (hu)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
TWI537075B (zh) *	2014-12-09	2016-06-11	陳明昌	扳手工具製程方法
JP2018065166A (ja) *	2016-10-18	2018-04-26	明昌陳	レンチ製造プロセス

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US1564167A (en) *	1922-01-05	1925-12-01	Witherow Steel Company	Wrench blank and method of making the same
FR2831473B1 (fr) *	2001-10-31	2004-03-12	Facom	Piece metallique forgee, procede, outillage et presse de forgeage-poinconnage correspondants
TW201008676A (en) *	2008-08-20	2010-03-01	Hou-Fei Hu	Composite wrench made of sheet material without generating decarburizing layer and method for manufacturing the same

2014
- 2014-12-30 HU HUE14200639A patent/HUE032896T2/hu unknown
- 2014-12-30 RS RS20170435A patent/RS55922B1/sr unknown
- 2014-12-30 PL PL14200639T patent/PL2937159T3/pl unknown
- 2014-12-30 SI SI201430207T patent/SI2937159T1/sl unknown
- 2014-12-30 PT PT142006394T patent/PT2937159T/pt unknown
- 2014-12-30 SM SM20170230T patent/SMT201700230T1/it unknown
- 2014-12-30 ES ES14200639.4T patent/ES2624611T3/es active Active
- 2014-12-30 DK DK14200639.4T patent/DK2937159T3/en active
- 2014-12-30 LT LTEP14200639.4T patent/LT2937159T/lt unknown
- 2014-12-30 EP EP14200639.4A patent/EP2937159B1/en active Active
2017
- 2017-04-28 HR HRP20170659TT patent/HRP20170659T1/hr unknown
- 2017-05-09 CY CY20171100497T patent/CY1118895T1/el unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
PL2937159T3 (pl)	2017-08-31
PT2937159T (pt)	2017-05-25
RS55922B1 (sr)	2017-09-29
SMT201700230T1 (it)	2017-07-18
EP2937159A1 (en)	2015-10-28
ES2624611T3 (es)	2017-07-17
HUE032896T2 (hu)	2017-11-28
DK2937159T3 (en)	2017-05-15
HRP20170659T1 (hr)	2017-09-08
CY1118895T1 (el)	2018-01-10
SI2937159T1 (sl)	2017-08-31
LT2937159T (lt)	2017-07-25

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