EP2904138B1 - Device and method for the treatment, in particular electrolysis or cleaning, of endless fibers, threads or webs of fabric - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for the treatment of endless fibers, threads or webs, in particular for electrolysis or for cleaning, comprising a bath container which is at least partially filled with a process liquid and having means for introducing the endless fibers, threads or webs.

In known baths for electrolysis or the subsequent purification of endless fibers, the fibers are introduced by means of deflection rollers in a bath, treated electrochemically or only chemically, and led out by means of deflection rollers from the bath. The baths can - depending on the treatment time and the passage speed of the fibers - be over 50 meters long, which enormously increases the cost of producing the baths and the volume of liquid to be used. Furthermore, a complete and uniform treatment of the fiber strands across the width of the bath is not always guaranteed, since uneven flows can occur within the bath. With the size of the resulting bathrooms, an easy-to-open cover of the baths and a reliable extraction of vapors are difficult to realize.

In the US 2,481,992 a fountain roller is attached in and on the bath tank. This results in complex storage and sealing problems, in view of the aggressive and hot process fluid. An exchange or maintenance of the dipping roller is only with an emptied Bath tank possible. Starting the system and threading the web is dangerous for the operating personnel.

The EP 1348794 / DE60315909 shows a bath tank, run through the two filter belts in V-shape and thereby take the textiles to be treated. Thus, neither a reduction of the process fluid nor an adjustment of the flow can be realized. The guide rollers can be serviced or replaced only after a drained bath tank.

The DD70060 shows a process container in which an approximately v-shaped container wall (19) is arranged. On the inlet side, the web is sprayed by means of spray nozzles (21, 22), and on the outlet side of the process liquid passes into the container wall (19). The transport of the web takes place via two chains arranged in the bath. A fast run with an intensive treatment of the web is not possible with this system.

It is an object of the invention to provide a device and a method for the treatment of endless fibers, filaments or webs, in particular for electrolysis or cleaning, having a shortened length, in which the flow conditions are adjustable and in which the insertion of the endless fibers, Threads or webs is easily possible.

The invention solves the problem by the teaching of claim 1 and 13; Further advantageous features of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.

According to the technical teaching according to claim 1, the device comprises a bath container, which is at least partially filled with a process liquid and having means for introducing the endless fibers, threads or webs, wherein the means are arranged such that the endless fibers, threads or web in V-shape are passed through the bathroom. By passing the endless fibers in a V-shape through the bath, the baths in the outer dimensions can be significantly reduced, although the residence time of the fibers to be treated remains the same or can be significantly increased. With the shortening of the bath length there are many more advantages, such as a structurally simpler bath cover, since a much smaller area must be covered.

The means for introducing the endless fibers, threads or webs are two guide rollers and a dipping roller. These are also arranged in V-shape, wherein the guide rollers is arranged in each case in the region of an edge of the bath container, and the fountain roller retractable in the middle in the bath container. It can thus, compared to the prior art, be operated with a roller less the bath, which means a large cost advantage in the roll lengths and diameters.

A further improvement is achieved in that the bath tank is formed in a V-shape. Thus, a first volume reduction of the required process fluid can be achieved. With the volume reduction of the process liquid such as electrolysis liquid or washing liquid, the associated components we pumps, piping, etc. can be made smaller, which makes the system more compact and cheaper. Furthermore, a smaller amount of process liquid also means a smaller problem in the disposal or treatment of the process liquid, which lowers the operating costs for the system. The fact that the dipping roller is arranged on a displacement body, results in a simple attachment for the fountain roller, which therefore does not have to be arranged on or in the bath tank. simultaneously reduces the displacer the required process fluid, so that the benefits listed above come particularly to advantage again.

Another advantage is achieved in that the displacer is arranged vertically movable and can move in and out of the bath container. When starting the baths, for example an electrolysis bath, the displacer can be completely extended with the dip roller from the bath. The endless fibers, threads or web can be inserted into the bath without the operator coming in contact with the process liquid. The endless fibers can be introduced in an almost straight line between the deflection and dipping rollers. Only with the lowering of the displacement of the V-shaped passage of the endless fibers through the bath tank.

In an advantageous embodiment, the displacer has a shape corresponding to the bath container, so that, when the displacer is shut down between the displacer and the bath container, a channel filled with process liquid is formed, through which the endless fibers, filaments or web are guided. The channel serves to further reduce the required volume of process fluid. At the same time advantageous flow conditions for the treatment of the endless fibers can be adjusted via the channel, which significantly reduce the residence time and thus contribute to the further reduction of the bath lengths. For example, the process fluid may be adjusted in the cocurrent or countercurrent process in the channel, which may affect the treatment of the continuous fibers.

Furthermore, by the connection of an overflow with the channel, a continuous flow between several side by side arranged baths are generated. The process liquid flows continuously through the channels of all baths, without a height graduation of these baths is necessary.

The baths are advantageously designed so that a plurality of baths can be arranged in a modular manner next to each other. For this purpose, the scaffolds of the baths can be arranged so that between two freestanding baths another bathroom is suspended, with only the horizontal scaffolding parts and two vertical supports are needed. Due to the arrangement of the guide rollers above the bath container, two bath tanks can divide a guide roller.

An advantageous embodiment is provided in that the displacement body has a hood for covering the bath container. The integration of the hood with the displacer creates a secure cover of the bath container. Contrary to the prior art, it is not necessary to first open the hood, and then move the displacer with the fountain roller. Another advantage is the cost-effective arrangement of the hood, which no longer needs to be attached to its own joints and opened.

The fact that the hood has an exhaust, unwanted vapors can be sucked.

A simultaneous vertical displacement of the displacer with the hood and the suction allows a reliable operation. With the raising of the displacer, for example, to insert a new continuous fiber, the bath container is opened at the same time. In contrast to the prior art, this can be done automatically according to the invention, whereby a malfunction is excluded. In operation, the bathrooms are always closed, so that for example in an electrolysis this can never be operated with the hood open.

In an advantageous embodiment, the device is designed as a washing bath, it being possible to use, for example, water or demin water as the process fluid.

For the execution as an electrolysis bath, the device can be performed completely electrically isolated.

The cathodes can be arranged on the displacement body, so that they can be exchanged when moving out of the displacement. The cathodes are active in this design only when they dip into the process liquid and an electrical connection is made via the endless fibers to the guide roller, which is designed as an anode roller.

In the method according to the invention for treating endless fibers, threads or webs, in particular for electrolysis or for cleaning, in which the endless fibers, threads or webs are guided in a bath container with a process liquid, the endless fibers, threads or web are in V- Form passed through the bath.

Thus, the residence time of the endless fibers in the bath can be increased, although the baths in the outer dimensions are significantly reduced. With the shortening of the bath length there are many more advantages, such as a structurally simpler bath cover, since a much smaller area must be covered.

The endless fibers, threads or webs are passed through a channel in the bath tank, which is formed from a V-shaped bath tank and a corresponding displacement body. The displacement body serves to further reduce the required volume of process fluid. At the same time advantageous flow conditions for the treatment of the be set endless fibers, which significantly reduce the residence time and thus contribute to the further reduction of the bath lengths. For example, the process fluid may be adjusted in the cocurrent or countercurrent process in the channel, which may affect the treatment of the continuous fibers.

It is possible to use the carbonization plant in which endless fibers, filaments or webs of plastic are oxidized, carbonized and subjected to surface treatment in a combined electrolysis and washing bath, wherein the endless fibers, filaments or webs in V-shape the electrolysis and washing bath are passed. The total carbonization plants can reach well over 100 m in length and are built in a separate hall. Each shortening of individual components significantly reduces the total investment, so that not only the baths can be produced at a lower cost over shorter electrolysis and wash baths with the same residence time, but this has a clear influence on the overall system.

A carbonization system with electrolysis and wash baths, which have a V-shaped bath container with a corresponding displacement body, which can form a channel for the treatment of endless fibers, filaments or webs, has the advantage that the flow conditions in the channel can be adjusted in that the number of baths and their length can be reduced. The entire system is thus shorter and it results in the entire carbonization process shorter throughput times, since the upstream memory, which should buffer the different operating times of the individual plant components, can be made smaller.

Figur 1:

eine Seitenansicht auf mehrere Elektrolysebäder mit anschließenden Waschbädern;

Figur 2:

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Waschbades;

Figur 3:

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Elektrolysebades;

Figur 3a:

der freie Querschnitt eines Elektrolyse- oder Waschbades ohne Verdrängerkörper;

Figur 3b:

der freie Querschnitt eines Elektrolyse- oder Waschbades mit Verdrängerkörper.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a possible schematically illustrated embodiment. It shows:

FIG. 1:

a side view of several electrolysis baths with subsequent washing baths;

FIG. 2:

an enlarged view of a wash bath;

FIG. 3:

an enlarged view of an electrolytic bath;

FIG. 3a:

the free cross-section of an electrolysis or wash bath without displacer;

FIG. 3b:

the free cross-section of an electrolysis or washing bath with displacement.

In FIG. 1 a plant 1 for treating endless threads, fibers or webs is shown, which consists inter alia of a combined electrolysis and washing. The combined electrolysis and washing bath can be part of an overall system in which, for example, endless plastic fibers are carbonized. The combined electrolysis and washing bath is then preceded by, for example, a memory and / or a pulling device, and arranged downstream of a winding device.

In this embodiment, the combined electrolysis and washing bath comprises three electrolysis baths 2 arranged one behind the other and subsequently three washing baths 3 arranged one behind the other. The baths 2, 3 can be arranged in a modular fashion one behind the other, wherein a part of a vertical stand 15 alone or in Connection with the skeleton of the next bath 2, 3 may be supporting. It can be seen that, depending on the materials to be processed, any other number of electrolysis and / or washing baths 2, 3 is possible or can be combined with one another.

Each bath 2, 3 has a bath tank 4, which is formed in this embodiment as an inverted trapezoid or triangle, that is substantially a V-shape, wherein in the lower tip of the trapezoid or the triangle, the inflow control 5 for the liquid of the bath 2, 3 is arranged. Above the bath 2, 3, slightly laterally two deflection rollers 6 are arranged, with which the endless fibers are deflected into the bath 2, 3. In this embodiment, the guide rollers 6 are arranged in the upper region of the trapezoid or triangle in the region of the edges. Due to the modular design and the trapezoidal or triangular shape, it is sufficient that two juxtaposed baths 2, 3 divide a guide roller 6. In a more rectangular shape of the baths 2, 3 as in the prior art, two guide rollers 6 would be necessary here.

Above each bath tank 4, a displacement body 7 is arranged in each case, which can be completely pulled out of the bath tank 4. This can be done with a drive 8 such as a spindle or an automatic drive. The displacer 7 also has a trapezoidal or triangular shape and can be completely immersed in the bath tank 4. This results in a very narrow channel 9 between displacer 7 and bath tank 4, which must absorb much less liquid than a bath 2, 3 without displacer 7. Another decisive advantage is the concrete influence on the flow conditions in this narrow channel 9, so that, for example the fibers can be moved cocurrently or countercurrently through the liquid. In order to generate a flow over several baths (2 or 3), the electrolysis baths 2 with each other and the washing baths 3 with each other an overflow 10, with the one hand, a continuous flow through several baths (2 or 3) can generate, but at the same time the baths 2, 3 with can be operated little liquid, since the first or last bath a circulation control in the form of valves and pipes is arranged. Each trapezoidal or triangular displacement body 7 has in the region of its lower tip a fountain roller 11 which dips into the bath liquid and deflects the fibers within the bath 2, 3. The fountain roller 11 may be rotatably integrated within the displacement body 7, or spaced from it rotatably attached. Also here - in contrast to a rectangular displacement body 7 - only one dipping roller 11 per bath tank 4 to be arranged on the displacement body 7. When starting the baths 2, 3, all displacer 7 are pulled out, so that the baths 2, 3 are freely accessible. The displacer 7 can be pulled up so far that the fibers in a continuous line without deflection over the baths 2, 3, for example, from a drafting to a furnace between which the baths 2, 3 are arranged, can be pulled. The threading into the baths 2, 3 is automatic, since with the lowering of the displacement body 7, the fibers dip into the baths 2, 3 and thereby deflected at all guide rollers 6 and the dipping rollers 11. The resulting channel 9 for the treatment of the fibers is due to the trapezoidal or triangular shape of the baths 2, 3 with the displacement body 7 by a multiple longer than the outer length of the successively arranged baths.

In FIG. 2 is shown in an enlarged view a single wash 3. Within vertical scaffolds 15, which are supported by horizontal scaffolds 16, a bath container 4 is arranged, into which a displacer body 7 can vertically move. Both the bath container 4 as well as the displacement body 7 have in this embodiment a V-shaped form, which is similar to an inverted trapezoid. In the lower part of the bath tank 4 and the displacement body 7 are flattened, so that after immersing the Displacer 7 in the bath tank 4 preferably a channel 9 is formed with an approximately constant cross-section. Below the bath tank 4, the inflow control 5 is arranged, can be introduced into the bath tank 4 with the washing liquid. Above the bath tank 4, a deflection roller 6 are arranged on both sides, on the additional pressing rollers 17 may be arranged. The fibers 20 then pass between the deflection rollers 6 and the pressure rollers 17, which provide additional stripping of cleaning liquid from the washing bath 3. This stripped cleaning liquid is supplied to the washing bath 3 again. In the region of the guide rollers 6, an overflow 10 is respectively arranged, with which the washing liquid from the channel 9 is supplied into or from the adjacent washing bath, so that over a plurality of series arranged in washing baths 3, a continuous flow can be generated. The washing baths 3 are usually designed without electrical insulation. Water or demineralized water can be used as the circulation medium, wherein an increased pumping capacity can be used to increase the flow rate in order to increase the washing effect. The displacement body 7 has at its lower end to a fountain roller 11 which is rotatably mounted on the displacement body 7, and is lowered at the same time in the bath tank 4. For vertical movement of the displacer 7 is a drive 8, which can be operated mechanically or automatically. When the displacer 7 with the dipping roller 11 is completely pulled out of the bath container 4 by means of the drive 8, a free passage for inserting the fibers 20 results without the operating personnel coming into contact with the washing liquid. These then run horizontally above the bath tank 4 and are only possibly on the guide rollers 6 and the fountain roller 11. If the displacer 7 is retracted into the bath container 4, then the fibers 20 are pulled in by the dipping roller 11 into the bath container 4, so that the fibers 20 in a triangular or V-shaped course through the wash baths 3 run. The large deflection of the fibers, together with a specially designed between the fountain roller 11 and the inflow control 5 Einströmer with an integrated flow straightener leads to a uniform loading and penetration of the individual fiber bundles with the liquid.

It can be seen that the washing baths 3 can be modularly mounted in series, wherein the washing baths, not shown, the deflection rollers 6 of the in FIG. 2 use shown wash bath 3 with. Not shown but also a useful option is the cover of the washing baths 3 with a hood 13th

• Die Umlenkwalzen 6 sind für das Elektrolyseverfahren als Anodenwalzen 6a ausgeführt, wohingegen die Kathoden 12 in Form von Elektroplatten an den seitlichen Wänden des Verdrängerkörpers 7 angeordnet sind, so dass sie beim Herablassen der Verdrängerkörper 7 in die Bäder 2 mit der Flüssigkeit in Kontakt kommen, also im entstehenden Kanal 9 angeordnet sind. Weiterhin weisen die Verdrängerkörper 7 im oberen Bereich eine integrierte Haube 13 auf, die einerseits das Elektrolysebad 2 abdichtet, andererseits mit einer Absaugung 14 ausgestattet ist, so dass Dämpfe wie beispielsweise Elektrolysegase, Wasserstoff, Ammoniak oder andere Prozessdämpfe aus dem Produktionsbereich abgesaugt werden und gleichzeitig ein möglicher Überdruck vermieden wird. Da die Haube 13 mit der Absaugung 14 mit dem Verdrängerkörper 7 verbunden ist, ergibt sich beim Auf- und Abfahren der Verdrängerkörper 7 ein gleichzeitiges vollständiges Öffnen und Schließen der Elektrolysebäder 2, ohne dass die Haube 13 separat betätigt werden muss, wie das aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist. In Figur 3 ist in gestrichelten Linien die jeweils obere und untere Position des Verdrängerkörpers 7 dargestellt. In der oberen Position ergibt sich ein freier Durchgang für die Fasern 20 zwischen den Anodenwalzen 6a und der Tauchwalze 11, ohne dass die Bediener mit der Elektrolyseflüssigkeit in Kontakt kommen. Die Fasern können frei zwischen den Walzen 6a, 11 durchgezogen werden oder sie liegen alternativ, wie hier dargestellt, ganz leicht auf den Walzen 6a, 11 auf. Beim Herabfahren des Verdrängerkörpers 7 mittels des Antriebes 8 in das Elektrolysebad 2 werden die Fasern 20 durch die Tauchwalze 11 in die Elektrolyseflüssigkeit gedrückt. Zwischen dem Elektrolysebad 2 und dem Verdrängerkörper 7 bildet sich ein Kanal 9, in dem die Fasern 20 durchlaufen. Gleichzeitig mit dem Absenken des Verdrängungskörpers 7 wird das Elektrolysebad 2 durch die Haube 13 geschlossen.

In FIG. 3 an electrolytic bath 2 is shown in an enlarged view. Without all the details of almost the same construction FIG. 2 to repeat, the following differences should be noted:

• The guide rollers 6 are designed for the electrolysis process as anode rollers 6a, whereas the cathodes 12 are arranged in the form of electric plates on the lateral walls of the displacer 7, so that they come into contact with the liquid when lowering the displacer 7 in the baths 2, ie are arranged in the resulting channel 9. Furthermore, the displacement body 7 in the upper part of an integrated hood 13, on the one hand seals the electrolysis 2, on the other hand equipped with an exhaust 14, so that vapors such as electrolysis gases, hydrogen, ammonia or other process vapors are sucked out of the production area and at the same time possible overpressure is avoided. Since the hood 13 is connected to the suction 14 with the displacement body 7, results in the raising and lowering of the displacement body 7, a simultaneous complete opening and closing of the electrolysis baths 2, without the hood 13 must be operated separately, like that from the state of the Technique is known. In FIG. 3 the upper and lower positions of the displacer 7 are shown in dashed lines. In the upper position there is a free passage for the fibers 20 between the anode rollers 6a and the dipping roller 11 without the operators coming into contact with the electrolysis fluid. The fibers can be pulled freely between the rollers 6a, 11 or they are alternatively, as shown here, quite easily on the rollers 6a, 11 on. When descending the displacer 7 by means of the drive 8 in the electrolytic bath 2, the fibers 20 are pressed by the fountain roller 11 into the electrolysis liquid. Between the electrolytic bath 2 and the displacement body 7, a channel 9, in which the fibers pass through 20 forms. Simultaneously with the lowering of the displacement body 7, the electrolysis bath 2 is closed by the hood 13.

In order to ensure a reliable electrolysis process and to avoid a possible electrical short circuit, the electrolysis baths 2 are completely electrically isolated. For example, the bath container 4 and the subsequent piping may be at least partially made of plastic. As a circulation medium, an electrolyte is used.

In FIG. 3a is simplified, as a washing or electrolysis liquid distributed in the bath tank 4. The bath container 4 may have a cross section 18 of, for example, 0.5 m ² . The volume of the bath container of course depends on the working width of the entire production plant, which can be between 0.5 and 5 m. Without displacer 7 as after FIG. 3a represented, would thus require a lot of washing or electrolysis liquid, which covers the entire surface of the bath tank 4 of 0.5 m ² in a lateral view. With the cross section liquid 19, the amount of process liquid is shown, which is required when using a displacement body 7. This is in FIG. 3b shown. Due to the displacer 7 with the attached fountain roller 11, the required amount of liquid is much less than in the prior art, so that a cross-section liquid 19 of only 0.2 m ² , so only 40% of the previous volume is needed.

Thus, in an electrolysis and washing bath 2, 3 according to the invention requires 60% less process fluid, which makes the process very inexpensive and effective, since at the same time the tank and the recirculation systems for the process fluid, not shown, can be designed much smaller.

The V-shape of the baths 2, 3 and the displacer 7 creates a V-shaped channel 9, which has a much greater flow length, as can be seen by the outer dimensions of the combined electrolysis and wash bath. At a given residence time for the endless fibers, filaments or web, the length of the electrolysis and wash baths can be drastically reduced. Furthermore, a defined channel 9, in which the flow conditions are adjustable.

The vertical mobility of the displacement body 7 allows unhindered insertion of fibers 20 into the plant without the operators coming in contact with the process liquid.

The baths shown here can be used not only as an electrolysis and washing bath, but also as a sizing bath, for example. The design then corresponds to that of the washing bath 3 shown here, wherein the choice of material and the pump circuit are adjusted according to the liquid used.

reference numeral

1

investment

2

electrolysis

3

washing bath

4

bath container

5

ramp metering

6

deflection rollers

6a

anode rollers

7

displacement

8th

drive

9

channel

10

overflow

11

dipping roller

12

cathode

13

Hood

14

suction

15

framework

16

framework

17

press rolls

18

Cross section bath tank

19

Cross-section liquid

20

fiber

Claims (14)

1. Device for treating endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs, especially for electrolysis or for cleaning, comprising a V-shaped bath container (4), which is at least partly filled with a processing fluid and comprises means for introducing the endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs, wherein the means are arranged in such a way that the endless fibres, filaments or fabric web are conducted in a V-shape through the bath, the means for introducing the endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs comprising two guide rollers (6) and an immersion roller (11), characterized in that the immersion roller (11) is arranged on a displacement body (7).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement body (7) is arranged so as to be vertically movable and is able to move into and out of the bath container (4).
3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the displacement body (7) is complementary to that of the bath container (4) so that when the displacement body (7) is in the lowered state there is formed between the displacement body (7) and the bath container (4) a channel (9) filled with processing fluid, through which the endless fibres, filaments or fabric web are guided.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the channel (9) is connected to an overflow (10), so that it is possible to generate a continuous flow of processing fluid between a plurality of baths arranged one next to the other.
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of baths can be arranged module-like one next to the other.
6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement body (7) has a hood (13) for covering the bath container (4).
7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the hood (13) has an extraction means (14).
8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the displacement body (7), with the hood (13) and the extraction means (14), is vertically movable.
9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bath is in the form of a washing bath (3).
10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bath is in the form of an electrolysis bath (2).
11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that cathodes (12) are arranged on the displacement body (7).
12. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the guide rollers are in the form of anode rollers (6a).
13. Method of treating endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs, especially for electrolysis or for cleaning, wherein the endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs are guided into a bath container (4) containing a processing fluid, the endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs being conducted through a channel (9) in the bath container (4) which is formed from a V-shaped bath container (4) and a displacement body (7) complementary thereto, characterized in that the endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs are guided by an immersion roller (11) inside the bath container (4), which immersion roller is arranged on the displacement body (7).
14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that for introduction of the endless fibres, filaments or fabric webs into the bath container (4) the displacement body (7) is arranged so as to be vertically movable.

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