EP2898336A1 - Procede de caracterisation d'un element photovoltaique, dispositif de caracterisation de l'element photovoltaique, programme et support d'enregistrement associes - Google Patents
Procede de caracterisation d'un element photovoltaique, dispositif de caracterisation de l'element photovoltaique, programme et support d'enregistrement associesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2898336A1 EP2898336A1 EP13763037.2A EP13763037A EP2898336A1 EP 2898336 A1 EP2898336 A1 EP 2898336A1 EP 13763037 A EP13763037 A EP 13763037A EP 2898336 A1 EP2898336 A1 EP 2898336A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- study
- light source
- initialization
- photovoltaic element
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of photovoltaic energy.
- the invention more particularly relates to a method of characterizing a photovoltaic element for its study.
- a photovoltaic panel can be characterized under variable lighting (VIM for "Variable Illumination Method”).
- VIM variable Lighting
- the proposed VIM analysis makes it possible to define the parameters of the electrical model of the photovoltaic panel. This analysis requires a large number of "current / voltage” measurements on a large lighting dynamic.
- photovoltaic panels are characterized under natural lighting outdoors for several days or even months. These measurement campaigns are therefore long but necessary to obtain a large number of operating points over a range of sunshine and temperature.
- LED lighting benches that can "flash” the panels during production, but these devices do not allow a VIM analysis.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a solution that overcomes the disadvantages listed above.
- a method for characterizing a photovoltaic element comprising a phase of studying a behavior of the photovoltaic element in response to the application of a light beam coming from a photovoltaic element.
- light source for example an array of light-emitting diodes, at a study emission power
- said study phase comprising a step of measuring at least one electrical parameter representative of the operation of the photovoltaic element
- said method comprising in addition, an initialization phase, carried out before the study phase, comprising a step of adjusting an operating temperature of the light source as a function of the study emission power.
- the adjustment step comprises a step in which the light source is traversed by an electric current that is a function of the study emission power, said study phase being triggered when said operating temperature is stabilized.
- the adjustment step comprises a step in which the light source is traversed during an initialization period by an electric current of intensity according to an initial transmission power different from the study emission power.
- the initialization time is a function of a value representative of a current temperature of the light source prior to the initiation of the initialization phase, and of a value representative of a desired temperature of the light source associated with the light source. the study emission power of the study phase.
- the method comprises at least two successive study phases associated with different study emission powers, each study phase being preceded by an associated initialization phase.
- the study phase includes a step of homogenizing the illumination received by at least a portion of the photovoltaic element.
- the step of homogenizing the illumination can be implemented by means of a reflection element and / or a controlling the operation of light-emitting diodes of the light source.
- the electrical parameter measured during the measurement step is the voltage and / or the current derived from the photovoltaic element.
- the invention also relates to a device for characterizing a photovoltaic element comprising: a light source; an element for studying the behavior of the photovoltaic element in response to the application of a light beam coming from the light source and having a study emission power, said study element being provided with at least a system for measuring an electrical parameter derived from the photovoltaic element; and an initialization component configured to adjust an operating temperature of the light source according to the study transmit power.
- the device may comprise a calculation unit interfaced with the initialization component and the study element, said calculation unit being configured to perform the method as described.
- the device comprises a reflection element comprising a conduit provided with two ends, the light source being disposed at one end of the conduit so that the light beam is directed in the conduit towards the other end of the conduit.
- conduit comprising a surface capable of being brought into contact on an active face of the photovoltaic element, an inner surface of the conduit being at least partially formed by a mirror.
- the inside of the duct may be delimited by a cylinder in particular of square or rectangular section.
- the light source may comprise a matrix of light-emitting diodes.
- the light emitting diodes of the matrix of diodes being arranged in the form of a square or a rectangle, the distance separating the two ends of the duct is substantially equal to the distance of the longer side of the matrix of diodes.
- the matrix of diodes can be divided into a plurality of groups each comprising at least one diode, the transmission powers of the groups being controlled independently of one group to another.
- the invention also relates to a data storage medium readable by a computer, on which is recorded a computer program comprising computer program code means for implementing the phases and / or steps of a method such as as described.
- the invention also relates to a computer program comprising computer program code means adapted to the realization of the phases and / or steps of a method as described, when the program is executed by a computer.
- FIG. 1 represents a diagram of a method for characterizing a photovoltaic element
- FIG. 2 illustrates an equivalent electrical model of the thermal behavior of a light source as used for example in the method
- FIG. 3 illustrates two respectively representative graphs of evolution of the temperature and of the current crossing the light source in time for the same characterization period, these two graphs being representative of what happens without the implementation of the method of the figure 1 ,
- FIGS. 4 and 5 each illustrate two graphs respectively representative of the evolution of the temperature of the light source and the intensity of the current flowing through the light source over time for the same characterization period, these two graphs being representative of what happens with the implementation of the process of Figure 1,
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates an implementation of a characterization device
- FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the characterization device
- FIG. 8 illustrates a view along the sectional plane A of FIG. 7,
- FIG. 9 illustrates the distribution of the light irradiation on the surface of a photovoltaic element without the implementation of the improvement of FIG. 7,
- FIG. 10 illustrates the distribution of the light irradiation on the surface of a photovoltaic element with the implementation of the improvement of FIG. 7 Description of preferred modes of the invention
- the method and the device described below differ from the prior art in particular in that a study phase is performed so as to overcome the thermal variations of the light source.
- This can be implemented by providing an initialization step for adjusting the operating temperature of the light source as a function of a study emission power of said light source provided during the study phase. .
- the power can be measured in W / m 2 .
- the light source can be traversed by an electric current of fixed intensity. This electric current will be associated with a reference temperature and a reference transmission power.
- the temperature and the power of emission can vary until converging towards stabilized values after a certain time, the power of emission being a function of the temperature and the current.
- the intensity of the light beam is substantially proportional to the intensity of the electric current flowing through the light source when the temperature is stabilized.
- the intensity of the current passing through the diodes can thus be referred to as an image of the illumination produced, when the stabilization is reached.
- photovoltaic element means either a photovoltaic panel as a whole comprising a plurality of elementary photovoltaic cells, or a single elementary photovoltaic cell, or several elementary photovoltaic cells for example partially constituting a photovoltaic panel.
- the method of characterizing a photovoltaic element comprises a study phase E1 of a behavior of the photovoltaic element in response to the application of a light beam coming from a light source (for example a matrix of light-emitting diodes) at a study emission power.
- This study phase E1 comprises a step E1 -1 measuring at least one electrical parameter representative of the operation of the photovoltaic element.
- This electrical parameter measured during the measurement step may be the voltage and / or the current derived from the photovoltaic element.
- graphs (or reference tables) of the measured magnitude (s) can be realized in a step E1 -2, these graphs permitting the interpretation of the operation of the photovoltaic element.
- the measured parameter (s) (voltage and / or current) are at regular intervals so as to determine the behavior of the photovoltaic element throughout. said study phase.
- the method comprises an initialization phase E2, carried out before the study phase E1.
- This initialization phase E2 comprises an adjustment step E2-1 of an operating temperature of the light source as a function of the study transmission power.
- the light source is shaped so as to reproduce natural lighting conditions by using artificial lighting, in particular produced by light-emitting diodes, in particular of power.
- the advantage provided by power LEDs lies in the control capabilities of the light source thus formed in terms of the dynamics of the transmission power (greater than 10 E 6W / m 2 ) and the precise control of the transmission time. lighting.
- the utility of the initialization phase E2 is to limit the variations in operation of the light source due to a drift of the operating temperature during the study phase.
- a light source formed by a matrix of light-emitting diodes mounted on a dissipator can be modeled according to a particular thermal model of which an equivalent electrical model is illustrated in FIG. 2 where there is current flowing through the model, R1 the electrical resistance of the model (1000 ⁇ in the example), C1 representing the capacity of the model (0.8m in the example) and V the voltage associated with said model.
- the entire array of diodes can be considered as a single source of heat contiguous to a sink.
- a discretization of each diode would refine the model, but will not be described here.
- the thermal model gives a power P watt, a thermal resistance Rth in K / W, a heat capacity Cth in J / K, and a temperature T.
- the thermal resistance considered Rth can connect a hot spot corresponding to the electronic junction of the diodes at room temperature, and it represents the resistance equivalent to the different thermal resistances that exist between the different junctions.
- the thermal resistance Rth of the thermal model of the light source can correspond to the thermal resistance between the junction of the diode matrix diodes and the ambient air
- the thermal capacity Cth of the thermal model of the light source can correspond to the heat capacity of the diode matrix.
- FIG. 3 associates a representative graph of the evolution of the current passing through the light source (current 11 of the model) as a function of time for different phases of successive studies P1 to P5, to a graph of the evolution of the temperature (voltage V1 of the model) as a function of time.
- the study phases P1 to P5 are each associated with a different study transmission power, increasing from one phase to another over time. It is clearly seen in FIG. 3 that the different phases of studies P1 to P5 are carried out directly one after the other, and that during the transition from one study phase to another, the temperature is not yet stabilized. , which leads to errors in the characterization of the associated photovoltaic panel.
- the adjustment step E2-1 comprises a step in which the light source is traversed by an electric current that is a function of the desired study emission power.
- the light source is crossed by the electric current associated with the power of study emission and the study phase E1 is triggered when said operating temperature is stabilized.
- the operating temperature is considered as stabilized when at least one of the following parameters is verified:
- the operating temperature remains constant, or varies in a range of plus or minus 1 ° C, during a predetermined period, for example a predetermined period of 5 seconds,
- a predetermined period of time for example from 10 minutes to 30 minutes, has elapsed since the illumination of the light source.
- the adjustment step E2-1 comprises a step E2-1 -1 in which the light source is traversed during a duration of initialization by an electric current of intensity depending on a power of initialization issue different from the desired study emission power thereafter.
- the transmission power varies so as to tend towards the initialization transmission power.
- this adjustment step there is momentarily going (during an initialisation period) to control an electric current of intensity greater or less than that of the electric current which will be used in the study phase so as to to increase or decrease the temperature of the LEDs more quickly.
- the temperature of the light source is adjusted before the study phase, in particular by a control of the electric current having an intensity which is a function of the study emission power.
- the initialization time makes it possible, among other things, to obtain a constant temperature of the light source during a study phase.
- it can be measured closer to the light source, for example at different points of the diode matrix to verify homogeneity.
- the initialization duration may advantageously be a function (ie for example calculated from) of a value representative of a current temperature of the light source prior to the initiation of the initialization phase.
- E2 a value representative of a desired temperature (the temperature representative of that stabilized for a given study phase) of the source associated with the study emission power of the E1 study phase.
- the initialization transmit power takes, for example, the maximum value of the possible transmit power for the light source.
- the initialization time t is calculated according to the
- the method may comprise at least two successive study phases E1 associated with different study transmission powers, each study phase E1 being preceded by an associated initialization phase E2.
- each study phase may be associated with a level of electrical current flowing through the light source representative of the desired study emission power.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are each associated with two graphs respectively giving the evolution of the intensity of the current flowing through the light source as a function of time, and a temperature evolution curve (the voltage in FIGS. 5 represents the voltage V1 of the model, that is to say an image of the temperature of the light source) of the light source as a function of time.
- Figure 4 comprises five test levels P1 to P5.
- Each of the five test levels P1 to P5 is associated with an initialization phase preceding it, the initialization phases being represented from Init1 to Init5.
- the duration between each representative stage of a study phase is determined using equation (1) because the bearings are upright (increasing current intensity levels in the example), in this case the current associated with the initialization transmit power is equal to 10mA.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the same principle with downward bearings P1 to P5 (decreasing current intensity levels in the example), equation (2) applies to determine the duration of the initialization phases Init2 to Init5.
- the first phase of study P1 is associated with an initialization phase Initl duration corresponding to the time required to achieve stabilization of the temperature of said light source (typically between 30s and 5min).
- the intensity of the current flowing through the light source is advantageously zero, or small relative to the current associated with the transmission power of corresponding study.
- the study phase E1 comprises a step E1 -3 homogenization of the illumination received by at least a portion of the photovoltaic element.
- This homogenization step makes it possible to ensure that the illumination coming from the light source is the closest to natural lighting, that is to say, homogeneous on the surface of an active face of the photovoltaic element. .
- active face is meant the face of a photovoltaic element intended to be oriented towards the sun to receive photons.
- This step of homogenization E1 -3 of the lighting can be implemented by means of a reflection element and / or a control of the operation of light emitting diodes of the light source.
- the light source is preferably a matrix of light-emitting diodes divided into a plurality of groups each comprising at least one diode, the illumination intensities of the groups being controlled independently of one group to another .
- the control can be performed from an electronic preset of the diodes of the matrix of diodes.
- the method as described above can be implemented by a device for specific characterization of a photovoltaic element.
- such a characterization device 1 may comprise a light source 2, a study element 3 of the behavior of the photovoltaic element 4 in response to the application of a light beam coming from the light source 2 and having a study transmit power.
- Said study element 3 is provided with at least one system for measuring an electrical parameter I, V coming from the photovoltaic element 4.
- the device furthermore comprises an initialization component 5 configured to adjust an operating temperature. the light source 2 according to the study emission power.
- a computing unit 6 of the device 1 can be interfaced with the initialization component 5 and the study element 3, said computing unit 6 being configured to carry out the method as described above.
- the device 1 may, according to an implementation, comprise a reflection element 7 comprising a conduit 8 provided with two ends 8a, 8b.
- the light source 2 is disposed at one of the ends 8a of the conduit 8 so that the light beam is directed (Arrow F1) in the conduit 8 to the other end 8b of the conduit 8.
- Said other end 8b includes a scope 8c adapted to be brought into contact on an active face 4a of the photovoltaic element 4.
- An inner surface 8d of the conduit 8 is at least partially formed by a mirror.
- the entire inner surface of the duct 8 forms a mirror, or is formed by an arrangement of a plurality of mirrors.
- the entire inner surface 8d of the duct 8 can reflect the light waves emitted by the light source 2.
- the mirror makes it possible to homogenize the illumination at the level of the photovoltaic element 4, thus partially or totally realizing the step of homogenizing the process.
- FIG. 7 the interior of the duct 8 is delimited by a cylinder, in particular of square or rectangular section.
- FIG. 8 represents a view along a sectional plane shown in dashed lines in FIG. 7, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the duct 8 and oriented along A.
- the light source 2 comprises a plurality of points 2a capable of to emit light
- the conduit 8 surrounds the plurality of light spots at a support member 9 carrying said light spots.
- Figures 9 and 10 illustrate the advantage of using reflection. These two figures 9 and 10 highlight the role of the mirrors which have the effect of homogenizing the illumination on the whole field, even if the predominant effect is on the edges.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show, from the left to the right of the associated figure, a scale representative of the light power in normalized scale, a mapping of the power actually reached in a study plane coinciding with the end 8b of the conduit 8 opposite the light source 2 formed by the matrix of diodes, and a graph representing the illumination profiles of the mapping along a vertical axis and a horizontal axis both passing through the center of the map.
- FIG. 9 corresponds to the use of a characterization device without reflection element
- FIG. 10 corresponds to the use of a characterization device equipped with a reflection element. It is clearly seen that the luminous power is distributed more homogeneously in FIG. 10 than in FIG. 9. As a result, it is very advantageous to use the reflection element 7.
- the light source 2 comprises a matrix of light-emitting diodes 2a (FIGS. 7 and 8), for example of power, preferably white, and advantageously arranged in a controlled spacing.
- controlled spacing it is meant that the light-emitting diodes can be homogeneously distributed over a lighting surface produced by the diode array.
- the light-emitting diodes 2a of the diode array 2 may be arranged in the shape of a square or a rectangle, so that the distance separating the two ends 8a, 8b of the duct 8 is substantially equal to the distance of the longer side of the diode matrix.
- the diode array 2a is divided into a plurality of groups each comprising at least one diode 2a, the transmission powers of the groups being controlled independently of one group to another.
- the characterization device may comprise an electronic adjustment component making it possible to adjust the intensity of illumination of the light-emitting diodes by controlling the current flowing through them, independently or according to a distribution in groups.
- the light-emitting diodes are advantageously traversed by a continuous and non-pulsed current.
- the control of the luminous intensity generally made by the control of the cyclic ratio of the current is not applicable for the characterization of the photovoltaic cells, the response time of the photovoltaic cells being of the same order of magnitude as that of the electroluminescent diodes .
- Each light-emitting diode, or group of light-emitting diodes can be controlled separately so as to correct the defects of homogeneity of the illumination.
- the adjustment component of the light-emitting diodes and the light-emitting diodes themselves make it possible to obtain a lighting dynamics greater than 5 orders of magnitude. This characteristic is very advantageous in the case of a characterization of a photovoltaic panel, in particular by the VIM method.
- the light-emitting diodes of the matrix of diodes are mounted on a heat sink to best dissipate the calories and thus prevent heating of the matrix of diodes.
- the spectrum of light-emitting diodes is advantageously close to the solar spectrum (white light) but nevertheless has differences that are not detrimental to the characterization process.
- the great lighting dynamic offered by the light-emitting diodes advantageously without spectrum variation, greater than 5 orders of magnitude allows a fine determination of the parameters of the model of the photovoltaic element.
- each of the light-emitting diodes, or each group of light-emitting diodes, of the matrix is individually controlled by an electronic circuit which controls the current in the diode or group of diodes.
- the matrix therefore has a unique control of the lighting, but the emission power of each light-emitting diode, or group of light-emitting diodes, can vary to obtain a uniform illumination.
- the matrix of light-emitting diodes is controlled in illumination intensity by a lighting control system of the characterization device. The photovoltaic element is illuminated while the study element records the data to produce voltage and intensity curves IV from the photovoltaic element.
- a supervision device makes it possible to parameterize and synchronize the lighting with the acquisition of the data intended to generate the curves IV. Then, a data processing unit makes it possible to extract IV curves from the parameters of the model.
- the procedure for measuring the current and the voltage of the photovoltaic element produced during step E1 -1 of FIG. 1 may include the following successive steps: - measure the extreme values of current and voltage, that is to say the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage,
- the parameters measured during the study phase may be the voltage and / or the current derived from the photovoltaic element. Therefore, for each study phase, the study element can establish curves of evolution of the current and / or the voltage measured under the effect of the light beam.
- the study element may include an apparatus for supplying the photovoltaic element, in particular a photovoltaic cell, over the four quadrants, that is to say with positive and negative current, and with positive and negative voltage. negative (generator and load) while achieving simultaneous acquisition of current and voltage.
- a computer readable data storage medium on which a computer program is recorded may include computer program code means for implementing the phases and / or steps of the method as described.
- a computer program may include a computer program code means adapted to the realization of the phases and / or steps of the method as described, when the program is executed by a computer.
- the method as described it is possible to obtain a very important statistical sampling over a fairly short time range.
- the measurements can be redone, even in low lighting, in a very reproducible way, this to achieve a better definition of the model of the photovoltaic element.
- the characterization device may comprise a data processing unit making it possible to implement the VIM method from the data recorded during one or more study phases.
- the light source is preferably uncooled by an external temperature control system as described in JP201 1009358 and CN101290340.
- the proposed method and the associated device are such that cooling is not necessary preferably at least during the initialization phase.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1258921A FR2996079B1 (fr) | 2012-09-24 | 2012-09-24 | Procede de caracterisation d'un element photovoltaique, dispositif de caracterisation de l'element photovoltaique, programme et support d'enregistrement associes |
PCT/EP2013/068974 WO2014044603A1 (fr) | 2012-09-24 | 2013-09-13 | Procede de caracterisation d'un element photovoltaique, dispositif de caracterisation de l'element photovoltaique, programme et support d'enregistrement associes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2898336A1 true EP2898336A1 (fr) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=47557199
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13763037.2A Withdrawn EP2898336A1 (fr) | 2012-09-24 | 2013-09-13 | Procede de caracterisation d'un element photovoltaique, dispositif de caracterisation de l'element photovoltaique, programme et support d'enregistrement associes |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150222228A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2898336A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2996079B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014044603A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3015770B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-01-22 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede et systeme de controle de qualite de cellules photovoltaiques |
JP6573307B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-10 | 2019-09-11 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | I−v特性測定装置、i−v特性測定方法、及び、i−v特性測定装置用プログラム |
WO2016103007A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-30 | Arcelormittal | Procédé de contrôle d'un support comprenant un substrat métallique, un revêtement diélectrique, et une couche conductrice |
ES2895514T3 (es) | 2015-09-24 | 2022-02-21 | Hunt Perovskite Tech L L C | Sistema y método para someter a prueba la degradación de dispositivos fotosensibles |
CN108198907B (zh) * | 2017-12-30 | 2020-02-11 | 苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司 | 一种硅片的确定方法及装置 |
CN109150106A (zh) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-01-04 | 零零二信息科技(沧州)有限责任公司 | 一种晶体硅光伏电池组件黑片缺陷失效分析方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101290340B (zh) * | 2008-04-29 | 2011-03-30 | 李果华 | Led太阳模拟器 |
WO2010039500A2 (fr) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-04-08 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Système d’éclairage prolongé et procédé d’essai pour des piles solaires |
JP2011009358A (ja) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-01-13 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 太陽電池評価装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-09-24 FR FR1258921A patent/FR2996079B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-09-13 EP EP13763037.2A patent/EP2898336A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-09-13 WO PCT/EP2013/068974 patent/WO2014044603A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-09-13 US US14/429,124 patent/US20150222228A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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None * |
See also references of WO2014044603A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2996079A1 (fr) | 2014-03-28 |
FR2996079B1 (fr) | 2016-01-01 |
WO2014044603A1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 |
US20150222228A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
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