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EP2858081A1 - Limit switch - Google Patents

Limit switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2858081A1
EP2858081A1 EP20140184556 EP14184556A EP2858081A1 EP 2858081 A1 EP2858081 A1 EP 2858081A1 EP 20140184556 EP20140184556 EP 20140184556 EP 14184556 A EP14184556 A EP 14184556A EP 2858081 A1 EP2858081 A1 EP 2858081A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
rotation
cam
pusher
position switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20140184556
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2858081B1 (en
Inventor
Aurélien FRANC
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2858081A1 publication Critical patent/EP2858081A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2858081B1 publication Critical patent/EP2858081B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H3/3005—Charging means
    • H01H3/3015—Charging means using cam devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H01H21/18—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H21/22—Operating parts, e.g. handle
    • H01H21/24—Operating parts, e.g. handle biased to return to normal position upon removal of operating force
    • H01H21/28—Operating parts, e.g. handle biased to return to normal position upon removal of operating force adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/04—Levers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/38—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using spring or other flexible shaft coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2235/00—Springs
    • H01H2235/01—Spiral spring

Definitions

  • a mechanical position switch comprises a body, generally of parallelepiped shape, and a head fixed on the body along a main axis.
  • the switch comprises a switching device and actuating means arranged to cooperate with the switching device.
  • the actuating means comprise an actuating member such as for example a lever operable in pivoting. The detection of a movement of an object is performed by mechanical actuation of the actuating member.
  • the actuating means also comprise a shaft rotated by the actuating member about an axis of rotation and a plunger mounted on a spring and for controlling the switching device.
  • a cam mechanism arranged on the shaft and the pusher, makes it possible to convert the rotational movement of the shaft into a translation movement of the pusher and vice versa.
  • Licences FR2134814 and US4133991 describe a position switch as known in the state of the art.
  • the actuating member is actuated with an amplitude of plus or minus 70 ° with respect to an axial direction. To avoid any risk of breakage of the switch, it is necessary to take into account this maximum angle when installing the switch relative to the object whose movement is to be detected. Of course, it is possible to provide position switches having greater rotational amplitudes but this can also be problematic.
  • each cam serves to activate the pusher on either side of the main axis.
  • Each cam is arranged to act on a distinct side, depending on the direction of rotation of the shaft.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a position switch allowing rotation of its actuating member at an angle of about 90 ° without risk of locking in this position, the solution of the invention not requiring the use a torsion spring or misalignment of the fulcrum between the shaft and the pusher.
  • the first torque is zero on the second range of rotation of the shaft.
  • first cam and the second cam are juxtaposed along the shaft and the first cam follower and the second cam follower are juxtaposed on the pusher.
  • the spring is a compression spring urging the pusher in translation in an axial direction.
  • the actuating member is a lever or a flexible rod.
  • the head is removably attached to the body and is rotatable about the main axis relative to the body.
  • the tree is housed inside the head.
  • the switching device is housed inside the body.
  • the pusher is arranged between the shaft and the switching device.
  • the pivoting plane of the actuating member is parallel to the main axis and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
  • the actuating member is movable in rotation more or less 90 ° with respect to a rest position located along the main axis.
  • a mechanical position switch typically comprises a body 1, generally of parallelepipedal shape, and a head 2 fixed on the body.
  • the assembly of the head on the body is made along an axis called the main axis (X).
  • the head 2 is preferably removable relative to the body 1 so as to take different orientations around the main axis.
  • the position switch comprises an actuating member 3 fixed on the head 2, composed for example of a lever or a flexible rod, and positioned in the path of the object 6 whose movement is to be detected.
  • This actuating member 3 is pivotally movable. It is fixed on a shaft 30 movable in rotation about an axis of rotation (Y).
  • this axis of rotation is perpendicular to the main axis (X) and located in the same plane as this one.
  • the shaft 30 is rotated about its axis by the actuating member 3 when the latter is pivotally biased. Initially, the actuating member 3 is in a rest position, for example along the main axis (X).
  • the position switch also comprises a pusher 4 arranged to cooperate with the shaft 30.
  • This pusher 4 is movable in translation in a direction parallel to the main axis (X) and held against the shaft 30 by a spring 40, preferentially a compression spring.
  • the position switch comprises a cam mechanism arranged on the pusher 4 and on the shaft 30 to transform the rotational movement of the shaft 30 into a translational movement of the pusher 4 during an action on the body. actuating 3, or transforming the translational movement of the pusher 4 biased by its spring 40 into a rotational movement of the shaft 30 during the reaction movement.
  • the position switch comprises a switching device 5 controlled by the pusher 4 in translation. An electrical signal is transmitted by the switch when the switching device 5 is in the closed state. According to the configuration of the position switch (normally open or normally closed), the electrical signal will be transmitted when the actuating member 3 is in the rest position or in the actuated position.
  • the Figures 1A to 1C illustrate the operating principle of a mechanical position switch.
  • the actuating member 3 is pivotally actuated by the moving object 6. Pivoting of the actuating member 3 causes the shaft 30 to rotate about its axis (Y), which, thanks to the cam mechanism, causes the plunger 4 to move against the spring 40. The pusher 4 then acting on the switching device 5. If the object 6 is urged on the actuating member 3 stops, the actuating member 3 is pushed back to its rest position by the spring 40 which then acts in reaction.
  • the invention consists in producing a cam mechanism which comprises two cams and two distinct cam followers.
  • the pusher 4 On a first range of rotation of the shaft 30 about its axis (Y), the pusher 4 is driven in translation via a first cam 7 and a first cam follower 70 and a second range of rotation of the shaft 30 around its axis (Y), the pusher 4 is driven in translation via a second cam 8 and a second cam follower 80.
  • the first cam 7 and the first cam follower 70 generate between them a non-zero torque for rotation of the shaft 30 about its axis (Y) in the two directions of rotation.
  • the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80 generate between them a non-zero torque for rotating the shaft 30 about its axis (Y) in both directions of rotation.
  • the first cam 7 and the second cam 8 are formed on the shaft 30. They are for example juxtaposed thereon along the axis of rotation (Y).
  • first cam follower 70 and the second cam follower 80 are formed on the pusher 4.
  • the first cam follower 70 and the second cam follower 80 are juxtaposed on the pusher 4 and are arranged so as to be in front of the first cam 7 and the second cam 8 when the head 2 is assembled ( Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • the first cam 7 and the first cam follower 70 are formed so as to maintain a non-zero torque on the first range of rotation of the shaft 30, which allows a return of the actuating member 3 to its rest position on this rotation range.
  • the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80 are arranged to maintain a non-zero torque between the shaft 30 and the pusher 4 on the second rotation range, when the rotation of the shaft is continued in the same direction. direction of rotation, beyond the first range of rotation, to not block the actuator 3 even if it has been rotated to the second range of rotation.
  • the actuating member 3 is biased in the clockwise direction by the moving object.
  • a counter-clockwise request respects the same principle.
  • the actuating member 3 is rotated, clockwise, on the first range of rotation, driving the shaft 30 about its axis of rotation (Y).
  • the shaft 30 drives the pusher 4 in translation, which acts on the switching device 5.
  • the pusher 4 remains biased by the shaft 30 thanks to the non-zero torque generated between the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80.
  • the spring 40 pushes the pusher 4 which, through the second cam follower 80 and the second cam 8 causes a rotation of the shaft 30 in the counterclockwise direction, the torque being non-zero on this second range of rotation, located beyond the first range of rotation, in the same direction of rotation of the shaft.
  • the invention thus allows the actuator member of a position switch to rotate more or less 90 ° from its rest position, without risk of blockage.

Landscapes

  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un interrupteur de position comprenant : - un corps (1) et une tête (2), - un organe d'actionnement (3), - un arbre (30) actionnable en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation (Y) par pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement (3), - un poussoir (4), - un mécanisme de cames pour convertir le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre (30) en un mouvement de translation du poussoir (4) et inversement, le mécanisme de cames comportant : - une première came (7) et un premier suiveur de came (70), agencés pour générer entre eux un premier couple de rotation non nul sur une première plage de rotation de l'arbre (30), - une deuxième came (8) et un deuxième suiveur de came (80), agencés pour générer entre eux un deuxième couple de rotation non nul sur une deuxième plage de rotation de l'arbre.The invention relates to a position switch comprising: a body (1) and a head (2), an actuating member (3), a shaft (30) operable in rotation about an axis of rotation (Y) by pivoting the actuating member (3), a pusher (4), a cam mechanism for converting the rotational movement of the shaft (30) into a translation movement of the pusher (4) and vice versa, the cam mechanism comprising: a first cam (7) and a first cam follower (70), arranged to generate between them a first non-zero torque on a first range of rotation of the shaft (30), - A second cam (8) and a second cam follower (80), arranged to generate between them a second non-zero torque on a second range of rotation of the shaft.

Description

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

De manière connue, un interrupteur de position mécanique comporte un corps, généralement de forme parallélépipédique, et une tête fixée sur le corps suivant un axe principal. L'interrupteur comporte un dispositif de commutation et des moyens d'actionnement agencés pour coopérer avec le dispositif de commutation. Les moyens d'actionnement comportent un organe d'actionnement tel que par exemple un levier actionnable en pivotement. La détection d'un mouvement d'un objet est réalisée par actionnement mécanique de l'organe d'actionnement. Les moyens d'actionnement comportent également un arbre entraîné en rotation par l'organe d'actionnement autour d'un axe de rotation et un poussoir monté sur un ressort et destiné à contrôler le dispositif de commutation. Un mécanisme de came, agencé sur l'arbre et le poussoir, permet de convertir le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre en un mouvement de translation du poussoir et inversement.In known manner, a mechanical position switch comprises a body, generally of parallelepiped shape, and a head fixed on the body along a main axis. The switch comprises a switching device and actuating means arranged to cooperate with the switching device. The actuating means comprise an actuating member such as for example a lever operable in pivoting. The detection of a movement of an object is performed by mechanical actuation of the actuating member. The actuating means also comprise a shaft rotated by the actuating member about an axis of rotation and a plunger mounted on a spring and for controlling the switching device. A cam mechanism, arranged on the shaft and the pusher, makes it possible to convert the rotational movement of the shaft into a translation movement of the pusher and vice versa.

Les brevets FR2134814 et US4133991 décrivent un interrupteur de position tel qu'il est connu dans l'état de la technique.Licences FR2134814 and US4133991 describe a position switch as known in the state of the art.

Dans certaines gammes d'interrupteurs de position, l'organe d'actionnement est actionné avec une amplitude de plus ou moins 70° par rapport à une direction axiale. Afin d'éviter tout risque de casse de l'interrupteur, il est nécessaire de tenir compte de cet angle maximum lors de l'installation de l'interrupteur par rapport à l'objet dont le mouvement est à détecter. Bien entendu, il est possible de proposer des interrupteurs de position ayant des amplitudes de rotation plus importantes mais cela peut également s'avérer problématique.In certain ranges of position switches, the actuating member is actuated with an amplitude of plus or minus 70 ° with respect to an axial direction. To avoid any risk of breakage of the switch, it is necessary to take into account this maximum angle when installing the switch relative to the object whose movement is to be detected. Of course, it is possible to provide position switches having greater rotational amplitudes but this can also be problematic.

Lorsque l'organe d'actionnement est pivoté d'un angle inférieur à 90°, une force de rotation est exercée sur le mécanisme de came, entraînant le poussoir en translation. Ensuite lorsque l'organe d'actionnement est relâché, celui-ci est repoussé vers sa position de repos grâce au mécanisme de came sur lequel agit une force de retour générée par le ressort sur le poussoir. En revanche, si l'organe d'actionnement est pivoté à un angle d'environ 90°, la force de retour présente alors une direction située dans le même plan que l'axe de rotation de l'arbre, ne générant alors aucun couple de rotation permettant un retour de l'organe d'actionnement vers sa position de repos. L'organe d'actionnement est alors bloqué dans cette position. Des solutions à ce problème existent mais elles ne sont pas forcément satisfaisantes. L'une d'elles consiste par exemple à désaxer le point d'appui entre le poussoir et l'arbre afin de toujours conserver un couple de rotation, même à 90°. Cette solution nécessite un espace plus important. Une autre solution consiste par exemple à employer un ressort de torsion à la place du ressort de compression mais elle engendre un surcoût.When the actuating member is rotated by an angle less than 90 °, a rotational force is exerted on the cam mechanism, causing the pusher in translation. Then when the actuating member is released, it is pushed back to its rest position by the cam mechanism on which acts a return force generated by the spring on the pusher. On the other hand, if the actuating member is pivoted at an angle of approximately 90 °, the return force then has a direction situated in the same plane as the axis of rotation of the shaft, thus generating no torque rotation allowing a return of the actuating member to its rest position. The actuating member is then locked in this position. Solutions to this problem exist but they are not necessarily satisfactory. One of them for example by offsetting the point of support between the pusher and the shaft in order to always maintain a torque, even at 90 °. This solution requires a larger space. Another solution is for example to use a torsion spring in place of the compression spring but it generates an additional cost.

Le document DE102013063893 décrit une solution à deux cames dans laquelle chaque came sert à activer le poussoir de part et d'autre de l'axe principal. Chaque came est agencé pour agir d'un côté distinct, selon le sens de rotation de l'arbre.The document DE102013063893 describes a two-cam solution in which each cam serves to activate the pusher on either side of the main axis. Each cam is arranged to act on a distinct side, depending on the direction of rotation of the shaft.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un interrupteur de position permettant une rotation de son organe d'actionnement à un angle d'environ 90° sans risque de blocage dans cette position, la solution de l'invention ne nécessitant pas l'emploi d'un ressort de torsion ou le désaxage du point d'appui entre l'arbre et le poussoir.The object of the invention is to provide a position switch allowing rotation of its actuating member at an angle of about 90 ° without risk of locking in this position, the solution of the invention not requiring the use a torsion spring or misalignment of the fulcrum between the shaft and the pusher.

Ce but est atteint par un interrupteur de position comprenant :

  • un corps et une tête agencés suivant un axe principal,
  • un organe d'actionnement fixé sur la tête et actionnable en pivotement dans un plan de pivotement,
  • un arbre actionnable en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation par pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement,
  • un poussoir monté sur un ressort,
  • un mécanisme de cames agencé sur l'arbre et sur le poussoir pour convertir le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre en un mouvement de translation du poussoir et inversement,
  • un dispositif de commutation contrôlé par le poussoir,
le mécanisme de cames comportant :
  • une première came et un premier suiveur de came, agencés pour coopérer l'un avec l'autre de manière à générer entre eux un premier couple de rotation non nul sur une première plage de rotation de l'arbre, dans un sens de rotation de l'arbre,
  • une deuxième came et un deuxième suiveur de came, agencés pour coopérer l'un avec l'autre de manière à générer entre eux un deuxième couple de rotation non nul sur une deuxième plage de rotation de l'arbre, en poursuivant la rotation de l'arbre dans le même sens de rotation.
This object is achieved by a position switch comprising:
  • a body and a head arranged along a main axis,
  • an actuating member fixed on the head and operable pivotally in a pivoting plane,
  • a shaft operable in rotation about an axis of rotation by pivoting the actuating member,
  • a pusher mounted on a spring,
  • a cam mechanism arranged on the shaft and on the pusher for converting the rotational movement of the shaft into a translation movement of the pusher and vice versa,
  • a switching device controlled by the pusher,
the cam mechanism comprising:
  • a first cam and a first cam follower, arranged to cooperate with each other so as to generate between them a first non-zero torque on a first range of rotation of the shaft, in a direction of rotation of the tree,
  • a second cam and a second cam follower, arranged to cooperate with each other so as to generate between them a second non-zero torque on a second range of rotation of the shaft, continuing the rotation of the 'tree in the same direction of rotation.

Selon une particularité, le premier couple de rotation est nul sur la deuxième plage de rotation de l'arbre.According to a feature, the first torque is zero on the second range of rotation of the shaft.

Selon une autre particularité, la première came et la deuxième came sont juxtaposées le long de l'arbre et le premier suiveur de came et le deuxième suiveur de came sont juxtaposés sur le poussoir.According to another feature, the first cam and the second cam are juxtaposed along the shaft and the first cam follower and the second cam follower are juxtaposed on the pusher.

Selon une autre particularité, le ressort est un ressort de compression sollicitant le poussoir en translation dans une direction axiale.According to another feature, the spring is a compression spring urging the pusher in translation in an axial direction.

Selon une autre particularité, l'organe d'actionnement est un levier ou une tige souple.According to another feature, the actuating member is a lever or a flexible rod.

Selon une autre particularité, la tête est fixée de manière amovible sur le corps et elle est orientable autour de l'axe principal par rapport au corps.In another feature, the head is removably attached to the body and is rotatable about the main axis relative to the body.

Selon une autre particularité, l'arbre est logé à l'intérieur de la tête.According to another particularity, the tree is housed inside the head.

Selon une autre particularité, le dispositif de commutation est logé à l'intérieur du corps.According to another feature, the switching device is housed inside the body.

Selon une autre particularité, le poussoir est agencé entre l'arbre et le dispositif de commutation.According to another feature, the pusher is arranged between the shaft and the switching device.

Selon une autre particularité, le plan de pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement est parallèle à l'axe principal et perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation de l'arbre.According to another feature, the pivoting plane of the actuating member is parallel to the main axis and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft.

Selon une autre particularité, l'organe d'actionnement est mobile en pivotement à plus ou moins 90° par rapport à une position de repos située suivant l'axe principal.According to another feature, the actuating member is movable in rotation more or less 90 ° with respect to a rest position located along the main axis.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages vont apparaître dans la description détaillée qui suit faite en regard des dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • Les figures 1A à 1C illustrent de manière schématique le principe de fonctionnement d'un interrupteur de position mécanique,
  • La figure 2 représente la tête d'un interrupteur de position mécanique de l'invention,
  • La figure 3 représente, vue en éclaté, la tête d'un interrupteur de position mécanique de l'invention,
  • La figure 4 représente l'arbre employé dans l'interrupteur de position mécanique de l'invention,
  • La figure 5 représente le poussoir employé dans l'interrupteur de position mécanique de l'invention,
  • Les figures 6A et 6B illustrent le principe de fonctionnement de l'invention,
  • Les figures 7 et 8 illustrent le principe de fonctionnement de l'invention, respectivement en action et en réaction.
Other features and advantages will appear in the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • The Figures 1A to 1C schematically illustrate the operating principle of a mechanical position switch,
  • The figure 2 represents the head of a mechanical position switch of the invention,
  • The figure 3 represents, exploded view, the head of a mechanical position switch of the invention,
  • The figure 4 represents the shaft used in the mechanical position switch of the invention,
  • The figure 5 represents the pusher used in the mechanical position switch of the invention,
  • The Figures 6A and 6B illustrate the operating principle of the invention,
  • The Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the operating principle of the invention, respectively in action and in reaction.

Description détaillée d'au moins un mode de réalisationDetailed description of at least one embodiment

Un interrupteur de position mécanique comporte typiquement un corps 1, généralement de forme parallélépipédique, et une tête 2 fixée sur le corps. L'assemblage de la tête sur le corps est réalisé suivant un axe dit axe principal (X). De manière connue, la tête 2 est préférentiellement amovible par rapport au corps 1 de manière à pouvoir prendre différentes orientations autour de l'axe principal.A mechanical position switch typically comprises a body 1, generally of parallelepipedal shape, and a head 2 fixed on the body. The assembly of the head on the body is made along an axis called the main axis (X). In known manner, the head 2 is preferably removable relative to the body 1 so as to take different orientations around the main axis.

L'interrupteur de position comporte un organe d'actionnement 3 fixé sur la tête 2, composé par exemple d'un levier ou d'une tige souple, et positionné sur le trajet de l'objet 6 dont le mouvement est à détecter. Cet organe d'actionnement 3 est mobile en pivotement. Il est fixé sur un arbre 30 mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation (Y). Avantageusement, cet axe de rotation est perpendiculaire à l'axe principal (X) et situé dans le même plan que celui-ci. L'arbre 30 est entraîné en rotation autour de son axe par l'organe d'actionnement 3 lorsque celui-ci est sollicité en pivotement. Initialement, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est dans une position de repos, par exemple suivant l'axe principal (X).The position switch comprises an actuating member 3 fixed on the head 2, composed for example of a lever or a flexible rod, and positioned in the path of the object 6 whose movement is to be detected. This actuating member 3 is pivotally movable. It is fixed on a shaft 30 movable in rotation about an axis of rotation (Y). Advantageously, this axis of rotation is perpendicular to the main axis (X) and located in the same plane as this one. The shaft 30 is rotated about its axis by the actuating member 3 when the latter is pivotally biased. Initially, the actuating member 3 is in a rest position, for example along the main axis (X).

L'interrupteur de position comporte également un poussoir 4 agencé pour coopérer avec l'arbre 30. Ce poussoir 4 est mobile en translation suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe principal (X) et maintenu contre l'arbre 30 par un ressort 40, préférentiellement un ressort de compression. L'interrupteur de position comporte un mécanisme de cames agencé sur le poussoir 4 et sur l'arbre 30 pour transformer le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre 30 en un mouvement de translation du poussoir 4 lors d'une action sur l'organe d'actionnement 3, ou transformer le mouvement de translation du poussoir 4 sollicité par son ressort 40 en un mouvement de rotation de l'arbre 30 lors du mouvement de réaction.The position switch also comprises a pusher 4 arranged to cooperate with the shaft 30. This pusher 4 is movable in translation in a direction parallel to the main axis (X) and held against the shaft 30 by a spring 40, preferentially a compression spring. The position switch comprises a cam mechanism arranged on the pusher 4 and on the shaft 30 to transform the rotational movement of the shaft 30 into a translational movement of the pusher 4 during an action on the body. actuating 3, or transforming the translational movement of the pusher 4 biased by its spring 40 into a rotational movement of the shaft 30 during the reaction movement.

L'interrupteur de position comporte un dispositif de commutation 5 contrôlé par le poussoir 4 en translation. Un signal électrique est transmis par l'interrupteur lorsque le dispositif de commutation 5 est à l'état de fermeture. Selon la configuration de l'interrupteur de position (normalement ouvert ou normalement fermé), le signal électrique sera transmis lorsque l'organe d'actionnement 3 est en position de repos ou en position actionnée.The position switch comprises a switching device 5 controlled by the pusher 4 in translation. An electrical signal is transmitted by the switch when the switching device 5 is in the closed state. According to the configuration of the position switch (normally open or normally closed), the electrical signal will be transmitted when the actuating member 3 is in the rest position or in the actuated position.

Les figures 1A à 1C illustrent le principe de fonctionnement d'un interrupteur de position mécanique.The Figures 1A to 1C illustrate the operating principle of a mechanical position switch.

Sur la figure 1A, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est en position de repos.On the Figure 1A the actuating member 3 is in the rest position.

Sur la figure 1B, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est actionné en pivotement par l'objet 6 qui se déplace. Le pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement 3 entraîne une rotation de l'arbre 30 autour de son axe (Y), qui, grâce au mécanisme de cames, entraîne une translation du poussoir 4 contre le ressort 40. Le poussoir 4 vient alors agir sur le dispositif de commutation 5. Si la sollicitation de l'objet 6 sur l'organe d'actionnement 3 s'arrête, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est repoussé vers sa position de repos par le ressort 40 qui agit alors en réaction.On the Figure 1B , the actuating member 3 is pivotally actuated by the moving object 6. Pivoting of the actuating member 3 causes the shaft 30 to rotate about its axis (Y), which, thanks to the cam mechanism, causes the plunger 4 to move against the spring 40. The pusher 4 then acting on the switching device 5. If the object 6 is urged on the actuating member 3 stops, the actuating member 3 is pushed back to its rest position by the spring 40 which then acts in reaction.

Sur la figure 1C, l'objet 6 a poursuivi sa course entraînant un pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement 3 jusqu'à un angle de 90° par rapport à sa position de repos. Dans cette position, la force (F1, figure 1C) exercée par le poussoir 4 sur l'arbre 30 se retrouve dans un même plan (un plan vertical sur la figure 1 C) que l'axe de rotation (Y) de l'arbre 30, générant ainsi un couple de rotation nul qui ne permet pas un retour de l'organe d'actionnement 3 vers sa position de repos lorsque l'objet 6 se retire. Il en résulte que l'organe d'actionnement 3 est bloqué dans cette position.On the figure 1C , the object 6 continued its travel causing a pivoting of the actuating member 3 to an angle of 90 ° relative to its rest position. In this position, the force (F1, figure 1C ) exerted by the pusher 4 on the shaft 30 is found in the same plane (a vertical plane on the Figure 1 C) the axis of rotation (Y) of the shaft 30, thereby generating a zero torque that does not allow a return of the actuating member 3 to its rest position when the object 6 withdraws. As a result, the actuating member 3 is locked in this position.

Pour remédier à ce problème, l'invention consiste à réaliser un mécanisme de cames qui comporte deux cames et deux suiveurs de came distincts.To remedy this problem, the invention consists in producing a cam mechanism which comprises two cams and two distinct cam followers.

Sur une première plage de rotation de l'arbre 30 autour de son axe (Y), le poussoir 4 est entraîné en translation via une première came 7 et un premier suiveur de came 70 et sur une deuxième plage de rotation de l'arbre 30 autour de son axe (Y), le poussoir 4 est entraîné en translation via une deuxième came 8 et un deuxième suiveur de came 80.On a first range of rotation of the shaft 30 about its axis (Y), the pusher 4 is driven in translation via a first cam 7 and a first cam follower 70 and a second range of rotation of the shaft 30 around its axis (Y), the pusher 4 is driven in translation via a second cam 8 and a second cam follower 80.

Avantageusement, entre 0° et (90°-ε), la première came 7 et le premier suiveur de came 70 génèrent entre eux un couple de rotation non nul permettant une rotation de l'arbre 30 autour de son axe (Y) dans les deux sens de rotation. Entre (90°-ε) et 90°, la deuxième came 8 et le deuxième suiveur de came 80 génèrent entre eux un couple de rotation non nul permettant une rotation de l'arbre 30 autour de son axe (Y) dans les deux sens de rotation.Advantageously, between 0 ° and (90 ° -ε), the first cam 7 and the first cam follower 70 generate between them a non-zero torque for rotation of the shaft 30 about its axis (Y) in the two directions of rotation. Between (90 ° -ε) and 90 °, the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80 generate between them a non-zero torque for rotating the shaft 30 about its axis (Y) in both directions of rotation.

Comme représenté sur la figure 4 et de manière préférentielle, la première came 7 et la deuxième came 8 sont réalisées sur l'arbre 30. Elles sont par exemple juxtaposées sur celui-ci suivant l'axe de rotation (Y).As shown on the figure 4 and preferably, the first cam 7 and the second cam 8 are formed on the shaft 30. They are for example juxtaposed thereon along the axis of rotation (Y).

Comme représenté sur la figure 5 et de manière préférentielle, le premier suiveur de came 70 et le deuxième suiveur de came 80 sont réalisés sur le poussoir 4. Le premier suiveur de came 70 et le deuxième suiveur de came 80 sont juxtaposés sur le poussoir 4 et sont agencés de manière à se trouver en vis-à-vis de la première came 7 et de la deuxième came 8 lorsque la tête 2 est assemblée (figures 2 et 3).As shown on the figure 5 and preferably, the first cam follower 70 and the second cam follower 80 are formed on the pusher 4. The first cam follower 70 and the second cam follower 80 are juxtaposed on the pusher 4 and are arranged so as to be in front of the first cam 7 and the second cam 8 when the head 2 is assembled ( Figures 2 and 3 ).

Comme représenté sur la figure 6A, la première came 7 et le premier suiveur de came 70 sont formés de manière à conserver un couple de rotation non nul sur la première plage de rotation de l'arbre 30, ce qui permet un retour de l'organe d'actionnement 3 vers sa position de repos sur cette plage de rotation. Comme représenté sur la figure 6B, la deuxième came 8 et le deuxième suiveur de came 80 sont agencés pour conserver un couple de rotation non nul entre l'arbre 30 et le poussoir 4 sur la deuxième plage de rotation, lorsque la rotation de l'arbre est poursuivie dans le même sens de rotation, au-delà de la première plage de rotation, permettant de ne pas bloquer l'organe d'actionnement 3 même si celui-ci a été pivoté jusque dans la deuxième plage de rotation.As shown on the Figure 6A , the first cam 7 and the first cam follower 70 are formed so as to maintain a non-zero torque on the first range of rotation of the shaft 30, which allows a return of the actuating member 3 to its rest position on this rotation range. As shown on the Figure 6B , the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80 are arranged to maintain a non-zero torque between the shaft 30 and the pusher 4 on the second rotation range, when the rotation of the shaft is continued in the same direction. direction of rotation, beyond the first range of rotation, to not block the actuator 3 even if it has been rotated to the second range of rotation.

Le principe de l'invention est mieux illustré par les figures 7 et 8.The principle of the invention is better illustrated by the Figures 7 and 8 .

Sur les figures 7A à 7C, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est sollicité dans le sens horaire par l'objet qui se déplace. Une sollicitation dans le sens anti-horaire respecte le même principe.On the Figures 7A to 7C , the actuating member 3 is biased in the clockwise direction by the moving object. A counter-clockwise request respects the same principle.

Sur la figure 7A, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est pivoté, dans le sens horaire, sur la première plage de rotation, entraînant l'arbre 30 autour de son axe de rotation (Y). Par l'intermédiaire de la première came 7 qui appuie sur le premier suiveur de came 70, l'arbre 30 entraîne le poussoir 4 en translation, qui agit sur le dispositif de commutation 5.On the Figure 7A , the actuating member 3 is rotated, clockwise, on the first range of rotation, driving the shaft 30 about its axis of rotation (Y). Through the first cam 7 which bears on the first cam follower 70, the shaft 30 drives the pusher 4 in translation, which acts on the switching device 5.

Sur la figure 7B, à la limite entre la première plage de rotation et la deuxième plage de rotation en poursuivant le rotation dans le sens horaire, la deuxième came 8 et le deuxième suiveur de came 80 entrent en action pour maintenir un couple de rotation non nul entre l'arbre 30 et le poussoir 4.On the Figure 7B at the boundary between the first range of rotation and the second range of rotation while continuing to rotate clockwise, the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80 come into action to maintain a non-zero torque between the shaft 30 and the pusher 4.

Sur la figure 7C, le poussoir 4 reste sollicité par l'arbre 30 grâce au couple de rotation non nul généré entre la deuxième came 8 et le deuxième suiveur de came 80.On the Figure 7C , the pusher 4 remains biased by the shaft 30 thanks to the non-zero torque generated between the second cam 8 and the second cam follower 80.

Sur les figures 8A à 8C, l'organe d'actionnement 3 est libéré de toute contrainte mécanique.On the Figures 8A to 8C the actuating member 3 is released from any mechanical stress.

Sur la figure 8A, le ressort 40 pousse le poussoir 4 qui, par l'intermédiaire du deuxième suiveur de came 80 et de la deuxième came 8 entraîne une rotation de l'arbre 30 dans le sens anti-horaire, le couple de rotation étant non nul sur cette deuxième plage de rotation, située au-delà de la première plage de rotation, dans le même sens de rotation de l'arbre.On the figure 8A , the spring 40 pushes the pusher 4 which, through the second cam follower 80 and the second cam 8 causes a rotation of the shaft 30 in the counterclockwise direction, the torque being non-zero on this second range of rotation, located beyond the first range of rotation, in the same direction of rotation of the shaft.

Sur la figure 8B, à la limite entre la première plage de rotation et la deuxième plage de rotation, le premier suiveur de came 70 et la première came 7 maintiennent un couple de rotation non nul entre l'arbre 30 et le poussoir 4, afin d'entraîner l'arbre en rotation dans le sens anti-horaire.On the Figure 8B at the boundary between the first range of rotation and the second range of rotation, the first cam follower 70 and the first cam 7 maintain a non-zero torque between the shaft 30 and the pusher 4 to drive the drive. 'shaft rotating counterclockwise.

Sur la figure 8C, sur la première plage de rotation, l'arbre 30 est sollicité en rotation grâce au couple de rotation non nul généré entre le premier suiveur de came 70 et la première came 7.On the Figure 8C on the first range of rotation, the shaft 30 is rotated due to the non-zero torque generated between the first cam follower 70 and the first cam 7.

Grâce à une solution simple et économique, l'invention permet ainsi à l'organe d'actionnement d'un interrupteur de position de pivoter à plus ou moins 90° par rapport à sa position de repos, sans risque de blocage.Thanks to a simple and economical solution, the invention thus allows the actuator member of a position switch to rotate more or less 90 ° from its rest position, without risk of blockage.

Claims (11)

Interrupteur de position comprenant : - un corps (1) et une tête (2) agencés suivant un axe principal (X), - un organe d'actionnement (3) fixé sur la tête (2) et actionnable en pivotement dans un plan de pivotement, - un arbre (30) actionnable en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation (Y) par pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement (3), - un poussoir (4) monté sur un ressort (40), - un mécanisme de cames agencé sur l'arbre (30) et sur le poussoir (4) pour convertir le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre (30) en un mouvement de translation du poussoir (4) et inversement, - un dispositif de commutation (5) contrôlé par le poussoir (4), caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de cames comporte : - une première came (7) et un premier suiveur de came (70), agencés pour coopérer l'un avec l'autre de manière à générer entre eux un premier couple de rotation non nul sur une première plage de rotation de l'arbre (30) dans un sens de rotation de l'arbre, - une deuxième came (8) et un deuxième suiveur de came (80), agencés pour coopérer l'un avec l'autre de manière à générer entre eux un deuxième couple de rotation non nul sur une deuxième plage de rotation de l'arbre, située au-delà de la première plage de rotation dans le même sens de rotation de l'arbre. Position switch comprising: a body (1) and a head (2) arranged along a main axis (X), an actuating member (3) fixed on the head (2) and operable pivotally in a pivoting plane, a shaft (30) operable in rotation about an axis of rotation (Y) by pivoting the actuating member (3), a pusher (4) mounted on a spring (40), a cam mechanism arranged on the shaft (30) and on the pusher (4) to convert the rotational movement of the shaft (30) into a translational movement of the pusher (4) and vice versa, a switching device (5) controlled by the pusher (4), characterized in that the cam mechanism comprises: a first cam (7) and a first cam follower (70), arranged to cooperate with each other so as to generate between them a first non-zero torque on a first range of rotation of the shaft (30) in a direction of rotation of the shaft, a second cam (8) and a second cam follower (80), arranged to cooperate with each other so as to generate between them a second non-zero torque on a second range of rotation of the shaft; , located beyond the first range of rotation in the same direction of rotation of the shaft. Interrupteur de position selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier couple de rotation est nul sur la deuxième plage de rotation de l'arbre (30).Position switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the first torque is zero on the second range of rotation of the shaft (30). Interrupteur de position selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la première came (7) et la deuxième came (8) sont juxtaposées le long de l'arbre (30) et en ce que le premier suiveur de came (70) et le deuxième suiveur de came (80) sont juxtaposés sur le poussoir (4).Position switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first cam (7) and the second cam (8) are juxtaposed along the shaft (30) and in that the first cam follower (70) and the second cam follower (80) are juxtaposed on the pusher (4). Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le ressort (40) est un ressort de compression sollicitant le poussoir (4) en translation dans une direction axiale.Position switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring (40) is a compression spring urging the pusher (4) in translation in an axial direction. Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement (3) est un levier ou une tige souple.Position switch according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuating member (3) is a lever or a flexible rod. Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la tête (2) est fixée de manière amovible sur le corps (1) et en ce qu'elle est orientable autour de l'axe principal (X) par rapport au corps (1).Position switch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the head (2) is removably attached to the body (1) and in that it is rotatable about the main axis (X) relative to the body (1). Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (30) est logé à l'intérieur de la tête (2).Position switch according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shaft (30) is housed inside the head (2). Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation (5) est logé à l'intérieur du corps (1).Position switch according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the switching device (5) is housed inside the body (1). Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le poussoir (4) est agencé entre l'arbre (30) et le dispositif de commutation (5).Position switch according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pusher (4) is arranged between the shaft (30) and the switching device (5). Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le plan de pivotement de l'organe d'actionnement (3) est parallèle à l'axe principal (X) et perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation (Y) de l'arbre (30).Position switch according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the plane of rotation of the actuating member (3) is parallel to the main axis (X) and perpendicular to the axis of rotation ( Y) of the shaft (30). Interrupteur de position selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement (3) est mobile en pivotement à plus ou moins 90° par rapport à une position de repos située suivant l'axe principal (X).Position switch according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the actuating member (3) is pivotally movable at plus or minus 90 ° with respect to a rest position situated along the main axis ( X).
EP14184556.0A 2013-10-04 2014-09-12 Limit Switch Active EP2858081B1 (en)

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US9552935B2 (en) 2017-01-24
EP2858081B1 (en) 2018-01-31
US20150096870A1 (en) 2015-04-09
FR3011672A1 (en) 2015-04-10
FR3011672B1 (en) 2018-09-28
CN104517751A (en) 2015-04-15

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