EP2788327A1

EP2788327A1 - New lipogenesis inhibitor compounds

Info

Publication number: EP2788327A1
Application number: EP12798298.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Daniel Redoules; Sylvie Daunes-Marion; Stéphane POIGNY; Marie-Florence GALLIANO
Original assignee: Pierre Fabre Dermo Cosmetique SA
Current assignee: Pierre Fabre Dermo Cosmetique SA
Priority date: 2011-12-08
Filing date: 2012-12-10
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Also published as: FR2983858A1; KR20140101834A; HK1197057A1; US20140315950A1; BR112014013719A2; AU2012350282A1; CN103974937A; MX2014006699A; US9181189B2; RU2014126394A; WO2013083825A1; CA2857973A1; BR112014013719A8; FR2983858B1; JP6113744B2; JP2015502950A

Abstract

The present invention relates to Formula (I), wherein - if X = NH, each of R1, R2, R3, R4 represents a hydrogen atom; if X = N, the core is aromatic, and R2, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atoms, and R1 = H, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl or acetylenyl; or R1, R2, R3, R4 are defined such that R1 or R2 or R3 or R4 represents a methyl group, and the three other radicals represent a hydrogen atom.

Description

The present invention relates to novel compounds which inhibit lipogenesis.

Seborrhea is an excessive production of sebum by the sebaceous glands. Seborrhea can have different causes:

the nervous system: emotional stress, nervous tension exacerbating the sebaceous function;

- tiredness ;

- an unbalanced diet;

- certain drugs (psychotropic);

- unsuitable cosmetic care "stripping" the skin and / or the scalp, and causing reaction seborrhoea;

- the main cause is of the hormonal type: a hyper activation of the enzyme 5-a reductase causes seborrhea.

The seat of the manifestations of seborrhea is the medio-facial region (forehead, nose, chin) where the sebaceous glands are the most numerous and the largest. Seborrhea is also present in the scalp where it predominates in the frontal, fronto-temporal and at the top of the skull. In addition, a study has established that 5-a-reductase activity is more important in the sebaceous glands of acne-prone skin regions than in non-acne prone regions (Tiboutot et al., J. Invest Dermatol., 1995, 105: 209-14.

The sebaceous glands are clumps of specialized cells in the skin called "sebocytes".

Sebaceous secretion results from a multistep process: the sebum production by the sebocytes during their maturation and their gradual loading into lipid droplets;

the lysis of the sebocytes at the end of their differentiation program (15 days) and the release of their content, the sebum, in the pilosebaceous canal (1 'infundibulum);

the rise of sebum within the infundibulum under the effect of the filling and its spreading on the surface of the stratum corneum.

Sebum consists mainly of triglycerides (55%), wax (25%), squalene (15%) and cholesterol esters (5%).

In cases of hyper-seborrhea, the production of sebum becomes excessive, which gives the skin a greasy and shiny appearance.

In addition, seborrhea is often associated with androgenetic alopecia. Indeed, the excess of sebum could obstruct the pore of the bulb by which the hair grows and thus contribute to its smothering and, in a second time, to its atrophy.

In addition, hyper-seborrhea promotes the onset of acne and seborrheic dermatitis. During acne, the excess of sebum in the hair infundibulum represents a favorable environment for the colonization of Propionibacterium acnes as well as that of Malassezia in the scalp. The appearance of lesions in acne or seborrheic dermatitis depends on a too intense pro ^¬ inflammatory response, via the innate immunity receptors, with regard to a too important density respectively in P. acnes and in Malassezia.

All these observations make it possible to affirm the interest of associating in a preparation intended to fight against androgenetic alopecia, seborrheic anti activity ^¬ a fall arrest action of hair.

Similarly, the combination of an anti-seborrhoeic active agent with an anti-acne agent makes it possible to fight more effectively the occurrence of acne lesions.

A study conducted on fibroblast cultures has demonstrated the inhibitory effect of glyceryl laurate (2,3-dihydroxypropyl dodecanoate) on 5-a-reductase type 1 according to a dose-dependent effect (WO 2011/073370 ). These results have led to the use of glyceryl laurate in a dermocosmetic composition for the treatment of seborrhea of the skin and / or scalp.

But by targeting only 5-a reductase, there is probably a threshold effect on the inhibition of sebum production by sebocytes.

In the context of the present invention, the Applicant proposes novel inhibitors of lipogenesis consisting of compounds of formula I below:

in which

if X = H, then each of R 1, R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ represents a hydrogen atom;

if X = N, then the ring is aromatic and R 1, R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ represent hydrogen atoms, or one of them a methyl group; and when R 2 = R 3 = R 4 = H, R 1 may also represent a halogen atom or an aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl or acetylenyl radical.

In the context of the present invention, the definitions of the radical R 1 distinct from hydrogen or the methyl group must be interpreted as follows.

By aryl radical is meant in the sense of the present invention one or more aromatic rings each having from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, which may be contiguous or fused, substituted or not. In particular, the aryl groups may be phenyl or naphthyl groups and the substituents of halogen atoms, Ci groups _-C ₄ - alkoxy, Ci to C ₄ alkyl groups or nitro.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "heteroaryl radical" means an aryl radical as defined above in which one or more carbon atoms has been substituted by a heteroatom such as, for example, nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, such as pyridine, pyrimidine, imidazole, indole, furan or thiophene.

For the purposes of the present invention, alkenyl radical is understood to mean a vinyl radical which may or may not be substituted by a Ci to C ₄ -alkyl radical.

For the purposes of the present invention, acetylenyl radical is understood to mean an alkynyl radical which may or may not be substituted by a Ci to C ₄ -alkyl radical.

Preferably, the compounds of the invention are the following:

glyceryl laurate - nicotinic acid: either 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl nicotinate glyceryl laurate - nipecotic acid: either 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl piperidine-3-carboxylate

other preferred compounds are:

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 5-methylnicotinate;

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 6-methylnicotinate;

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 2-methylnicotinate;

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 4-methylnicotinate;

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 5-bromonicotinate;

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 5-phenylnicotinate.

An example of a synthesis of 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl piperidine-3-carboxylate, that is to say a compound of formula I according to the invention with X = NH and R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 4 = 2xH, is given in Example 2.

Example 1 below illustrates the general procedure for synthesizing the nicotinic derivatives according to the present invention with X = N,

R ₂ = R ₃ = R ₄ = H and R 1 = H, halogen or aryl, or R 1, R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ are defined such that R 1 or R ₂ or R 3 or R ₄ represents a methyl group, and three other radicals represent a hydrogen atom.

The following documents Tetrahedron Letters, 39 (24),

4175-4178, 1998; Tetrahedron Letters, 46 (4), 581-585, 2005; and WO 2010078393 describe inter alia the synthesis of groups such as R 1 = heteroaryl, alkenyl, acetylenyl. Then, the grafting of such groups on nicotinic acid makes it possible to obtain derivatives of formula I according to the invention with X = N, R ₂ = R ₃ = R 4 = H and R 1 = heteroaryl, alkenyl, acetylenyl.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the compounds of formula I reduce the biosynthesis of the major constituents of sebum, in particular the fatty acids constituting the triglycerides.

A remarkable feature of the compounds of the present invention is the improved bioavailability of these compounds, i.e. their ability to penetrate through from the skin to reach the sebaceous gland. In fact, their bioavailability is improved in view of their lipophilic gain: the liposoluble ester form of the derivatives of general formula I has a better bioavailability compared with water-soluble glyceryl laurate.

The effect of the compounds according to the present invention on the regulation of sebum production was compared with that of glyceryl laurate on a sebocyte line.

Experimental conditions of differentiation of sebocytes:

Tel-E6E7 (courtesy of Dr. Stephen Lyle, University of Massachusetts, USA) is a human epithelial line derived from stem cells derived from the bulb of hair follicles. This line, immortalized by the expression of the E6 / E7 genes of the HPV 16 virus, is a multipotent epithelial line capable of differentiating into sebocytes under particular culture conditions (Multi-potentiality of a new immortalized epithelial stem cell line derived from human hair follicles, Roh C, Roche M., Guo Z., Photopoulos C, Tao Q., Lyle S., In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, July-August 2008, 44 (7): 236-44).

The differentiation into sebocytes of the Tel-E6E7 line was carried out according to the conditions described by S. Lyle. The cells are seeded in 24-well plates with a density of 25,000 cells / cm ² in DME medium supplemented with 46% HamF12 medium, 6% fetal calf serum (FCII, Hyclone), 2% human serum. and 10 nM EGF. Two days after seeding, the differentiation of the cells into sebocytes is induced by adding to the culture medium the following supplements: testosterone 0.1 μΜ (or DHT (0.1 μΜ)), Troglitazone 1 μl, WyA4643 100 μl and Insulin 10 nM. The derivatives to be tested are added to the same moment. The differentiation of the sebocytes is maintained for 7 days. The culture medium and the test derivatives are renewed every 2-3 days. The production of intracellular lipids is performed using the quantification of the Nil Red marker (Adipored kit, Lonza) and according to the instructions given by the supplier. The amount of fluorescence measured (Relative Fluorescence Units) is proportional to the amount of accumulated intracellular neutral lipids. All conditions tested were duplicated and repeated three times.

The inventors have studied the variations in lipid levels produced by the sebocytes after 7 days of differentiation in the presence of testosterone treated with the derivatives of the present invention.

Thus, it appeared a beneficial effect with the derivatives of general formula I as shown by the results obtained with the nicotinic acid conjugates glycerol laurate obtained according to Example 1 or glyceryl laurate nipecotic acid obtained according to Example 2. These results are illustrated in the appended FIG. 1 which represents the evaluation of the effect of the esters of general formula I with regard to the production of intracellular lipids by differentiated sebocytes (Tel-E6E7 line) in the presence of testosterone and of other supplements.

Referring to the appended FIG. 1, it can indeed be observed that in the presence of glyceryl laurate nicotinate at concentrations of 5 and 10 μl, the lipid production by the sebocytes decreases very significantly. On the other hand, this tendentious decrease does not reach the threshold of significance when the sebocytes are treated with glyceryl laurate in the same ranges of concentration. We can however note that a significant decrease is found at the concentration of 10 μΜ for the nipecotic acid conjugate glyceryl laurate. It may also be noted that the nicotinic or nipecotic acids do not show any inhibitory effect of the lipogenesis directly induced by DHT in this model as it appears in the appended FIG. 2 which represents the evaluation of the effect of the nicotinic and nipecotic acids to the production of intracellular lipids by differentiated sebocytes (Tel-E6E7 line) in the presence of DHT and other supplements.

According to another characteristic, the invention relates to the use of a compound of formula I as a medicament or as a cosmetic active ingredient.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the medicament is intended for the treatment of acne, seborrheic dermatitis or androgenetic alopecia.

According to another characteristic, the invention relates to the cosmetic use of a compound of formula I for the treatment of seborrhea.

According to another characteristic, the invention relates to a composition comprising as active principle an anti-seborrhoeic compound of formula I as defined above in association with at least one pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable excipient.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the invention relates to a composition for its use as a medicament.

According to another characteristic, the invention relates to a composition for use in the treatment of acne, seborrheic dermatitis, and androgenetic alopecia. According to one particular characteristic of the invention, the compounds of formula I as defined above will be associated in said composition with at least one other active agent promoting their action in the indications of androgenetic acne and alopecia.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the composition for the treatment of acne further comprises an active ingredient anti-acne.

In another particular embodiment of the invention, the composition intended for the treatment of alopecia further comprises an anti-hair loss active agent.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, this relates to the cosmetic use of a composition for the treatment of seborrhea.

Example 1: Nicotinic derivative (Ri = R ₂ = R ₃ = R ₄ = H), methylated nicotinic derivatives (R 1 or R ₂ or R ₃ or R ₄ = C¾), halogenated nicotinic derivative (Ri = Br), substituted nicotinic derivative by unsaturated group (R 1 = aryl).

· General procedure:

Equipment: Radley equipped with 50 ml reactors, equipped with a magnetic stirrer and placed under a nitrogen atmosphere.

The acyl chloride in hydrochloride form (1.5 eq) is suspended in dichloromethane (20 ml per 1 g of glyceryl laurate), and the pyridine is added. After stirring for 10 minutes, the glyceryl laurate (1 eq) is added to the reaction medium which has become homogeneous. The reaction medium is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The progress of the reaction is monitored by TLC (eluent: DCM / MeOH: 95/5, revealing with phosphomolydic acid). The reaction medium is hydrolysed with water (10 ml per 1 g of glyceryl laurate) and the aqueous phase is extracted three times with dichloromethane (10 ml per 1 g of glyceryl laurate). The organic phases are combined, washed once with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and then concentrated under reduced pressure.

The expected esters are isolated after salification and recrystallizations. For some of them, it was necessary to carry out a purification by chromatography on silica gel.

Salification process

The reaction crude composed of the bis-ester mixture

A / tri-ester B / glyceryl laurate is solubilized in ethyl ether (10 V).

The solution is cooled to 0 ° C using an ice bath to pour a solution of 2N hydrochloric acid in ethyl ether (3 eq). A non-filterable precipitate is formed. After stirring for 30 minutes, the reaction medium is concentrated under reduced pressure to provide a white wax.

The white wax is recrystallized from acetonitrile (10 V). The white solid formed is filtered and dried under vacuum for a few hours.

The hydrochloride formed is analyzed by LCUV for purity. The 1-nicotinoyloxy derivative of glyceryl laurate A will be recrystallized until a purity greater than 99% is obtained.

In the case of the nicotinic derivative

(Ri = R ₂ = R ₃ = R 4 = H), the synthesis was carried out on a larger scale (20 g of glyceryl laurate). Two recrystallizations made it possible to reach a UV purity greater than 99%. The final compound was isolated after desalification according to the following procedure: the hydrochloride is taken up at 0 ° C. with a solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate. The free base is extracted three times with ethyl acetate (100 ml). The combined organic phases are dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give a colorless oil which crystallizes as a white solid (9.85 g, η = 35%).

For the other derivatives, the synthesis was carried out from 1 g of glyceryl laurate.

In the case of 2-methyl and 4-methyl derivatives, with hydrochlorides being too soluble, compounds were chromatographed after desalting to hydrogen ^¬ sodium carbonate (column prépackée Gold Redisep 40 g, elution provided dichloromethane / methanol gradient ).

These mixtures thus obtained at the end of the chromatography are then solubilized in ethyl ether (10 V) and then employed in the presence of a 2N solution of hydrochloric acid in ethyl ether (3 eq).

In the case of 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 2-methylnicotinate, no precipitation is observed but two phases. After decantation, the upper phase is removed and concentrated (NMR analysis confirms the presence of glyceryl laurate essentially) while the first crystals appear in the lower phase. After one night at room temperature, the solid formed is recrystallized for 72 h in acetonitrile (10 V). After filtration and drying under reduced pressure, a white solid is isolated (380 mg, n = 26.5%) with a purity of 88%. In the case of 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 4-methylnicotinate, a precipitate is formed in the presence of the solution of 2N hydrochloric acid in ethyl ether. The white solid isolated after concentration of the ethyl ether is recrystallized for 48 h in acetonitrile (10 V), then filtered and dried under reduced pressure to give a white solid (170 mg, n = 12%) with a purity of 90%.

In the case of the 5-bromo and 5-phenyl derivatives, a succession of recrystallization and purification by chromatography after desalification with sodium hydrogencarbonate (Prepacked column Redisep 40 g, dichloromethane / methanol gradient elution condition) made it possible to isolate these compounds as a white solid with UV purity greater than 99% (5-bromo 240 mg, n = 13%, 5-phenyl 160 mg, n = 10%).

In the case of the 5-methyl and 6-methyl derivatives, the sequence of recrystallizations (one to three depending on the derivative) makes it possible to reach a UV purity greater than 99%. The final compounds are then isolated after desalification according to the following procedure: the hydrochloride is taken up at 0 ° C. with a solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate. The free base is extracted three times with ethyl acetate (15 ml). The combined organic phases are dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give a white solid (5-methyl 430 mg, n = 30%, 6-methyl 210 mg, n = 15%).

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl nicotinate

¹ H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.26 (m, 16H), 1.65 (m, 2H), 2.38 (t, 2H), 2.62 (1H), 4.28-4.48 (m, 5H), 7.45-7.48 (m, 1H), 8.34 (m, 1H), 8.81-8.82 (m, 1H), m, 1H), 9, 27 (m, 1H).

1 ³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ: 14, 53, 23, 09, 25, 29,

29, 52, 29, 65, 29, 73x2, 29, 85, 29, 99, 32, 31, 34, 51, 65, 48,

66, 50, 68, 66, 123, 98, 126, 19, 138, 02, 150, 99, 153, 70,

165.46, 174.42.

MS (ES ^+): 380, 3 [M + H] ^+, MS (ES ^"): 378, 2 [MH] ^~.

Anal. comp. % (C ₂₁ H ₃₃ NO ₅ ): theor. C, 66, 46, H, 8.77, N,

3.69; exp. C, 66, 34, H, 8.87, N, 3.67.

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 5-methylnicotinate

1 H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.30 (m, 16H), 1.62 (m, 2H), 2.38 (t, 2H), 2 , 43 (s, 3H), 4.25 (m, 3H), 4.46 (m, 2H), 8.12 (1H), 8.63 (1H), 9.05 (1H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 51, 18, 67, 23, 07, 25, 29, 29, 52, 29, 64, 29, 72 × 2, 29, 84, 29, 99, 32, 29, 34, 51, 65.50, 66.47, 68.63, 125.64, 133.72, 138.03, 148.39, 154.45, 165.81, 174, 39.

MS (ES ⁺ ): 394.1 [M + H] ⁺ .

HPLC (X-bridge SM column C18 4, 6 * 150 mm 5 μm, H ₂ O ₂ O ₂ O 2 HCOOH / CH ₃ CN at 210 nm), tr. 11.32 min,> 99%.

Anal. comp. % (C ₂₂ H ₃₅ NO ₅ ): Theorem. C, 67.15, H, 8.96, N, 3.56; exp. C, 67.15, H, 8.96, N, 3.56. 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 6-methylnicotinate

1 H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.28 (m, 16H), 1.62 (m, 2H), 2.38 (t, 2H), 2 , 67 (s, 3H), 4.25 (m, 3H), 4.46 (m, 2H), 7.28 (1H), 8.20 (m, 1H), 9.13 (1H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 52, 23, 08, 24, 98, 25, 29, 29, 52, 29, 64, 29, 72 × 2, 29, 84, 29, 99, 32, 30, 34, 51, 65, 50, 66, 33, 68, 77, 123, 45, 123, 63, 138, 18, 150, 59, 163, 76, 166, 0, 174, 39.

MS (ES ⁺ ): 394.1 [M + H] ⁺ .

HPLC (X-bridge SM column C18 4, 6 * 150 mm 5 μm, H ₂ O ₂ O ₂ O 2 HCOOH / CH ₃ CN at 210 nm), tr. 11.27 min,> 99%.

Anal. comp. % (C ₂₂ H ₃₅ NO ₅ ): Theorem. C, 67.15, H, 8.96, N, 3.56; exp. C, 65.89, H, 8.67, N, 3.44.

1 H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.27 (m, 16H), 1.63 (m, 2H), 2.37 (t, 2H), 3 , 24 (s, 3H), 4.25 (m, 3H), 4.53 (m, 2H), 7.9 (m, 1H), 8.8 (m, 1H), 9.01 (m, 1H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 03, 19, 89, 22, 58, 24, 77, 29, 03, 29, 15, 29, 23 × 2, 23, 35, 29, 49, 31, 80, 33, 99, 64, 55, 67, 28, 67, 46, 124, 18, 129, 08, 143, 28, 146, 83, 156, 6, 162, 26, 173, 81. HPLC (X-bridge SM column C18 4.6 * 150 mm 5 μm, NH ₄ COOH 10 mM pH 8 at 210 nm), tr. 11.44 min,> 88%

MS (ES ⁺ ): 394.2 [M + H] ⁺ .

3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl 4-methylnicotinate

1 H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.28 (m, 16H), 1.64 (m, 2H), 2.37 (t, 2H), 2 96 (s, 3H), 4.25-4.52 (m, 5H), 7.83 (m, 1H), 8.8 (m, 1H), 9.87 (s, 1H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 53, 23, 08, 23, 11, 25, 28, 29, 55, 29, 68, 29, 73 × 2, 29, 87, 30, 01, 32, 31, 34, 52, 64.95, 67.64, 68.23, 128.89, 129.91, 142.22, 144.78, 162.13, 162.42, 174, 18.

HPLC (X-bridge SM column C18 4.6 * 150 mm 5 μm, NH ₄ COOH 10 mM pH 8 at 210 nm), tr. 16.37 min,> 90%.

MS (ES ⁺ ): 394.2 [M + H] ⁺ .

5-b r o mo n i c o t i n e of 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl

1 H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.27 (m, 16H), 1.63 (m, 2H), 2.39 (m, 2H), 4 , (M, 3H), 4.47 (m, 2H), 8.46 (1H), 8.88 (1H), 9.16 (1H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 52, 23, 08, 25, 29, 29, 52, 29, 64, 29, 72 × 2, 29, 84, 29, 99, 32, 30, 34, 50, 65, 46, 66.71, 68.69, 110.4, 127.2, 138.18, 140.03, 149.25, 155.24, 174.39.

MS (ES ⁺ ): 458.0 [M + H] ⁺ .

Anal. ELEM. % (C ₂ iH ₃ 2BrNO ₅ ): Theorem. C, 55, 02, H, 7.04,, 3.06; exp. C, 55.05, H, 7.04, N, 3.06.

H-NMR (300 MHz, CDC1 _3): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.27 (m,

16H), 1.65 (m, 2H), 2.38 (m, 2H), 4.30 (m, 3H), 4.52 (m, 2H), 7, 47-7, 64 (m, 5H); ), 8.50 (1H), 9.02 (1H), 9.21 (1H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 53, 23, 08, 25, 29, 29, 53, 29, 65, 29, 73 × 2, 29, 85, 29, 99, 32, 30, 34, 52, 65, 49, 66, 65, 68, 66, 126, 13, 127, 62x2, 129, 18, 129, 70 x 2, 135, 98, 136, 76, 137, 17, 149,50, 152,23, 165,61, 174,39.

MS (ES ⁺ ): 456.2 [M + H] ⁺ .

Anal. ELEM. % (C ₂₇ H ₃₇ NO ₅ : C, 71.18, H, 8.19, N, 3.07, C, 71.31, H, 7.95, N, 2.84.

Example 2 Piperidine-3-carboxylate 3-

(dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl

This compound is synthesized in three stages according to the following reaction scheme:

Step 1 :

In a 100 ml three-necked flask under nitrogen and with magnetic stirring, the nipecotinic acid (3.7 g) is dissolved in a 3N sodium hydroxide solution (30 ml). The solution is cooled to 0 ° C in an ice bath. Benzyl chloroformate (5.8 ml) is added at 0 ° C in portions, alternating with 3N sodium hydroxide solution (9.3 ml) over a period of 45 minutes. At the end of the casting, the reaction medium is pale yellow and the temperature is 3 ° C. The ice bath is removed and the medium The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight. The aqueous phase is then extracted once with ethyl ether and then acidified to pH 1 with a 3N hydrochloric acid solution. The acidified aqueous phase is extracted three times with ethyl ether. The ethereal phase is washed successively with 1N hydrochloric acid solution and then twice with a saturated solution of sodium chloride before being dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and then concentrated under reduced pressure.

The yellow oil obtained (7.35 g, 98%) is used in the next step without purification step.

2nd step :

In a three-necked flask of 1 L under nitrogen flow and with magnetic stirring, the acid obtained in step 1 (3.5 g) is dissolved in dichloromethane (440 ml). EDCI.HCl (2.81 g) and DMAP (0.81 g) are added. The colorless solution is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes before adding the glyceryl laurate (10.95 g). The reaction medium is left stirring at ambient temperature for the night and then hydrolysed with water (200 ml). The organic phase is separated and washed twice with saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, then dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and finally concentrated under reduced pressure to provide a white waxy solid (15.5 g).

GOLD 120 g prepainted column chromatography (heptane / ethyl acetate gradient of 0 to 30% in 13 column volumes (CV), heptane / ethyl acetate plate of 70/30 in 5HP) makes it possible to separate the expected ester of excess glyceryl laurate and triester (3.5% detected in LCMS). This fraction (2.64 g) is used in the next step.

Step 3:

In a 100 ml flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and surmounted by a three-way valve (one way is connected to a nitrogen balloon, the second way to a hydrogen balloon and the third to a vacuum system ), the diester obtained in step 2 (2.64 g) is dissolved in ethyl acetate (40 ml). After two purges of the nitrogen system, palladium on charcoal (0.54 g) is added to the yellow solution. The reaction medium is purged three times with alternation of nitrogen / vacuum and then three times with alternation of hydrogen / vacuum before leaving the reaction medium under a hydrogen atmosphere. After 1 h 20 of reaction, the reaction medium is filtered through Celite. The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to give a pale yellow oil (1.88 g, total yield = 17%).

¹ H-NMR (300 MHz, CDC1 _3): δ: 0.89 (m, 3H), 1.26 (m, 16H), 1.63 (m, 4H), 1.87 (1H), 2, 36 (m, 5H), 2.60-3.06 (m, 4H), 3.74 (1H), 4.15-4.40 (m, 5H).

¹³ C-NMR (75.5 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ: 14, 53, 23, 09, 24, 8, 25, 3, 27, 25, 29, 52, 29, 65, 29, 73 × 2, 29, 85, 29, 99, 32, 3, 34, 53, 41, 88, 46, 66, 48, 76, 65, 28, 65, 30, 68, 18, 174, 29, 174.44.

MS (ES ⁺ ): 386.3 [M + H] ⁺

Anal elem% (C ₂₁ H ₃₉ NO ₅ ): theor. C, 65, 42, H, 10.20, N, 3.63; exp. C, 65.14, H, 10.20, N, 3.56.

Claims

1. Compound of general formula I below:

in which

if X = NH, then each of R 1, R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ represents a hydrogen atom;

if X = N, then the ring is aromatic, and

R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ represent hydrogen atoms, and

R 1 = H, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl or acetylenyl;

or R 1, R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ are defined as R 1 or R ₂ or R ₃ or R ₄ represents a methyl group, and the other three radicals represent a hydrogen atom.

2. Compound according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound is 3- (dodecanoyloxy) -2-hydroxypropyl nicotinate.

A compound of formula I as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 2 for use as a medicament or as a cosmetic active ingredient.

4. Compound of formula I according to claim 3, characterized in that the medicament is intended for the treatment of acne, seborrheic dermatitis or androgenetic alopecia.

5. Cosmetic use of a compound of formula I according to any one of claims 1 and 2 for the treatment of seborrhea (seborrheic states).

6. Composition characterized in that it comprises as active ingredient a compound of formula I as defined in claims 1 and 2 in combination with at least one pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable excipient.

The composition of claim 6 for use as a medicament.

8. Composition according to claim 7 for use in the treatment of acne, seborrheic dermatitis or androgenetic alopecia.

9. Cosmetic use of a composition according to claim 6 for the treatment of seborrhea (seborrheic states).