EP2775083A2 - Device and method for fixing a component in an opening limited by a support surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (10) for fastening a structure (16) with respect to an opening (40) delimited by a support surface (12), comprising at least one spacer element (14) attachable to the support surface (12) and having one Head (18) provided fastening element (20), wherein the spacer element (14) has a guide part (22) which during insertion of the device (10) in a passage (24) of the building body (16) is insertable. According to the invention, the guide part (22) has a through hole (30) in a longitudinal axis (26) and the fastening element (20) is dimensioned so that the fastening element (20) can be mounted in the device after mounting the device (10) Guide member (22) in the through hole (30) extends to allow a frictional connection between the spacer element (14) and the building body (16). The present invention further relates to a method (100) for fastening a structure (16) to the device (10) according to the invention.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for fixing a building structure with respect to an opening bounded by a bearing surface, comprising at least one attachable to the support surface spacer element and a head fastener, wherein the spacer element has a guide member which during a pre-assembly of the device in a passage of the building is insertable.

The present invention further relates to a method for fixing a structure with the device according to the invention.

It is known to fix building structure in an opening by means of a fastening element and a support element to be defined in relation to a building opening. So far, for this purpose, first the fastener is guided by aligned holes in the structure and the support member to produce a positive connection between the building and the support element. Subsequently, the support member relative to the building opening on a support surface which defines the opening fixed. It proves to be a disadvantage that the fixation of the structure relative to the support element by means of the fastening element requires a high degree of precision with regard to the aligned arrangement of the bores in the building structure and the support element. Such a device for fixing a structure is for example from the DE 20 2006 014 335 U1 known.

The DE 198 30 682 A1 describes a fastener for window or door frames in a wall opening. The fastener includes a wall plug, a frame bushing, a screw with a screw head that engages the wall plug and the frame bushing, and a flexible element between the wall plug and the frame bushing, which is referred to as a spacer.

The EP 0 196 485 A1 describes a device for fastening a component in a wall opening with a sleeve-shaped element which is insertable into the interior of the component and which rests with an outer end against the wall. An anchoring screw associated with the device can be fixed in the wall through the sleeve-shaped element.

The DE 196 16 533 C2 and the DE 299 08 054 U1 describe adjusting devices for a usable at a building opening structure with a voltage applied to the boundary of the building opening clamping sleeve, which is adjustable relative to the building, and a non-threaded bolt, which is einreh- or einschlagbar through the clamping sleeve in the boundary of the building opening.

The DE 34 00 279 A1 describes an adjusting device with a holding part, a dowel and a connecting screw, wherein the holding part has an undercut for engaging a screw head. After snapping the screw head behind the undercut, a structure can be adjusted by turning the screw.

The DE 35 23 505 A1 describes an adjusting device with a threaded bushing and a centering sleeve, wherein the threaded bushing is inserted into the centering sleeve. By a stud with holding claws a fixed structure can be adjusted.

The DE 200 03 819 U1 1 describes a device for adjusting a structure relative to a wall opening. An adjustment is freely rotatably mounted on a rail. The adjustment of the structure is carried out by an interaction of the adjusting element with an unspecified centering dowel, which is arranged in the building.

The DE 101 49 058 A1 describes a fastening device for a building in a wall opening with an anchor tab comprising a support leg and a mounting leg.

The DE 100 26 608 A1 describes a fastening device for a building in a wall opening with a retaining plate which is fixed to a slot at the boundary of the wall opening. An arranged on the plate guide pin is inserted into a arranged in the building self-tensioning dowel. The self-tensioning anchor is fixed by a screw opposite the building.

The DE 20 2006 002 876 U1 describes a device for adjusting a structure relative to a wall opening with a support plate and a bolt arranged on the support plate. The plate is connected to the wall by fasteners passing through the plate. The bolt is locked by a threaded pin in a sleeve which is fixed to the building.

The CH 660 774 A5 describes a spacer screw, which allows an adjustment of a building to be fastened on the interaction of multiple threads with different gradients.

The DE 102 56 397 A1 describes a dowel system for fixing and aligning a structure to be fastened.

The present invention has for its object to simplify the attachment of a building with respect to a limited by a support surface opening.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claims.

Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The device according to the invention builds on the generic state of the art in that the guide member has a through hole in a longitudinal axis and that the fastening element is dimensioned so that the fastening element extends after mounting the device in the guide member in the through hole to a frictional To allow connection between the spacer element and the structure. In this way, during the assembly of the device, the relative positioning between the structure and the spacer can be ensured without the need for special care during assembly. The term pre-assembly may include all necessary for mounting the device operations except for the last step, generating the non-positive connection between the building and the spacer element using the fastener include.

It is provided that the guide part is provided in a longitudinal axis with a centering and / or with a centering or through hole. aid the centering and / or the through hole facilitates the precise connection of the structure with the spacer element by means of the fastening element.

It can be provided that the through hole extends into the spacer element.

It can also be provided that the spacer element is dimensioned for a fixing element, which is used for fastening the spacer element on the support surface, can be arranged at a safety distance from an edge and that the assembled structure protrudes at most partially beyond the edge. By attaching the spacer element to the support surface ultimately the structure can be fixed by the device in the opening.

In this context, it can be provided that the fixing element comprises a screw and / or a nail and / or a dowel and / or a dowel rod, respectively, a spike. Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that the fixing element comprises an adhesive for fastening the spacer element to the support surface.

Usefully, it can be provided that the fastening element is a screw or a drilling screw. A screw or a drill screw can be used in a simple manner for producing the non-positive connection between the spacer element and the structure, in particular by a thread of the screw or drill screw used a fine adjustment of the position of the building in the opening is facilitated. A screw used may, for example, be a thread former or a thread former. In contrast to tapping screws, the thread is not cut out of the material during tapping or threading, but is "pressed in" by the special geometry of the tool. In the area of thread flanks, the material is compressed in such a way that the resulting thread can withstand extreme static and dynamic loads.

It can also be provided that the head is arranged at one end of the fastening element, that the head abuts against the building structure when the device is mounted, and that an end portion of the fastening element facing away from the head is fixed along the longitudinal axis of the guide part in the guide part is.

Advantageously, it can also be provided that the guide part by at least one attached to the fastener cutting and / or molding element at least partially ablatable and at least partially armored by the fastener and / or at least partially replaceable. By at least partially armoring and / or at least partially replacing the guide member by the fastener initially provisional relative orientation of the structure relative to the spacer element during the pre-assembly of the device is fixed, so that the relative orientation of the structure relative to the spacer element even after assembly of the Device permanently and especially under the influence of external forces is maintained.

Alternatively it can be provided that the guide member in the mounting position at least partially drilled and / or at least partially abradable and at least partially armored by the fastener and / or at least partially replaceable. In this way, the initially provisional relative orientation of the structure relative to the spacer element can be permanently ensured even after installation of the device.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the spacer element comprises a thermal bridge reducing material. In this way, an insulation effect of the device can be improved. The formation of condensation can be reduced or even prevented in this embodiment. In particular, the spacer element can also be completely formed from an insulating, that is to say thermal bridges, material. Such a thermal bridge reducing material may for example be a plastic.

Usefully it can be provided that the building is part of a window or a door and that the opening is a building opening.

In this context, it can be provided that the structure is completely mounted within the opening.

In this context, it can furthermore be provided that the structure projects at least partially out of the opening to the outside and / or inside.

Regardless, it can also be provided that the spacer element projects partially beyond the opening to the outside and / or inside. In this way, for example, a facilitated positioning of the spacer element by means of projecting "tabs" are made possible, which lie simply against an edge of the limited opening can and prevent during the fixation of the spacer element on the support surface slipping of the positioned spacer element.

Advantageously, it can be provided that a sealing strip and / or a sealing film is attached between the building structure and the opening. In this way, for later introduced into the space between the building and the support surface insulation materials unreachable cavities can be reduced and / or sealed or filled.

It can be provided that the spacer element has a sealable by means of a sealing strip and / or a sealing film shape. The spacer element, in particular a surface of the spacer element facing the bearing surface after installation of the device, can have a special shape, for example, for improving the sealing effect of a sealing strip arranged between the spacer element and the bearing surface and / or a sealing film. For example, the surface facing the support surface may have fine grooves or grooves which define lines at which a sealing effect of the sealing strip and / or the sealing film is improved by a contact pressure increased after assembly due to the small area.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the spacer element on an upper side a chamfer and / or a rounding and / or a radius and / or a wavy double radius with an outer radius, which points after mounting the device in a tangential direction to the support surface. In this way, a cavity-free filling of the remaining space between the building and the support surface is facilitated.

It can also be provided that the spacer element has on an upper side at least one reinforcing reinforcing rib which extends over at least half the length of the upper side. In this way, a deformation of the spacer element can be prevented during a power transmission from the building to the support surface in order to prevent a gap formation in a filling between the structure and the support surface.

Advantageously, it can be provided that a transition between the reinforcing rib and the upper side has large radii. In this way, a smooth transition between the top and the reinforcing rib can be created, so that when introducing a seal or seal in the remaining space between The structure and the support surface, the formation of cavities can be easily avoided.

Usefully, it can also be provided that the spacer element at least partially has a rough, plaster-adhering surface structure on an upper side. Due to the plaster-adhering surface structure, the stability of the gap between the structure and the bearing surface at least partially filling mass can be improved.

The device for fixing a structure with respect to an opening delimited by a support surface, comprising at least one spacer element attachable to the support surface and a head fastener, can also be improved according to the invention in an alternative embodiment in that the spacer element has a hole-free region which is intended to be at least partially penetrated by the fastener to produce a frictional connection between the spacer element and the structure. Also in this way can be dispensed with a complex alignment between the building and the spacer element during assembly of the device. The necessary for receiving the fastener hole in the spacer element is generated only when inserting the fastener or shortly before the introduction of the fastener in already preassembled structure and fixed spacer element. The hole-free area replaces the guide part, that is, it replaces the guide part. Otherwise, the spacer element remains unchanged compared to the other described embodiments of the spacer element.

In particular, it may be provided that the geometry and the materials of the fastening element and the hole-free region of the spacer element are coordinated so that the fastener can at least partially pass under threaded cutting through the previously hole-free region of the spacer element.

• Schritt 1:
  • Der Führungsteil wird in den Durchlass des Baukörpers eingeführt und in die Montageposition gebracht.
• Schritt 2:
  • Das Distanzelement wird mit mindestens einem Fixierelement an der Auflagefläche befestigt.
• Schritt 3:
  • Das Befestigungselement wird in den Führungsteil eingebracht, wobei der Führungsteil mindestens teilweise durch das Befestigungselement ersetzt und/oder armiert wird.

The inventive method includes at least the following steps:

• Step 1:
  • The guide member is inserted into the passage of the building and brought into the mounting position.
• Step 2:
  • The spacer element is fastened with at least one fixing element on the support surface.
• Step 3:
  • The fastener is inserted into the guide member, wherein the guide member is at least partially replaced by the fastener and / or armored.

In this way, the advantages and special features of the device according to the invention are also used in the context of a method.

• Dreidimensionales Ausrichten des Baukörpers in Bezug auf die Öffnung.
• Vertikallasten des Baukörpers durch Klotzen in der Öffnung übertragen und den Baukörper temporär in einer Montageposition halten.

Usefully, step 1 may further include:

• Three-dimensional alignment of the structure with respect to the opening.
• Transmit vertical loads of the structure by padding in the opening and temporarily hold the building in a mounting position.

• Positionieren des Distanzelementes an der Auflagefläche.
• Befestigen des Distanzelementes in einem Sicherheitsabstand von der Kante einer Außenebene der Öffnung an der Auflagefläche mit mindestens einem Fixierelement, insbesondere durch eine Bohrung in dem Distanzelement.

Advantageously, step 2 may further include:

• Positioning the spacer element on the support surface.
• Securing the spacer element at a safety distance from the edge of an outer plane of the opening on the support surface with at least one fixing element, in particular through a hole in the spacer element.

• Erstellen einer Bohrung mit einem auf das Material der die Öffnung begrenzenden Auflagefläche abgestimmten Bohrer durch den Baukörper in das Führungsteil bis in das Distanzelement und allenfalls bis durch die Auflagefläche der Öffnung hindurch.
• Setzen des Befestigungselementes durch die erstellte Bohrung.
• Fixieren der Lage des Baukörpers nach dem Feinjustieren.

Regardless, step 3 may further include:

• Creating a hole with a matched to the material of the opening limiting surface support drill through the building in the guide member into the spacer element and possibly through the support surface of the opening therethrough.
• Set the fastener through the created hole.
• Fixing the position of the structure after the fine adjustment.

• Schritt 1:
  • Positionieren des Distanzelementes und des Baukörpers in einer Montageposition in der Öffnung.
• Schritt 2:
  • Erstellen einer Bohrung mit einem auf das Material der die Öffnung begrenzenden Auflagefläche abgestimmten Bohrer oder einer Bohrschraube durch den Baukörper und das Distanzelement.
• Schritt 3:
  • Setzen des Befestigungselementes durch die erstellte Bohrung, um den Baukörper in der Montageposition zu fixieren.

An alternative method for assembling an embodiment of the device according to the invention may include at least the following steps:

• Step 1:
  • Positioning the spacer element and the structure in a mounting position in the opening.
• Step 2:
  • Creating a bore with a matched to the material of the opening limiting surface support drill or a self-drilling screw through the structure and the spacer element.
• Step 3:
  • Setting the fastener through the created hole to fix the building in the mounting position.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

Figur 1

eine teilweise Schnittansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes in vormontiertem Zustand;

Figur 1a

eine teilweise Schnittansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes in vormontiertem Zustand;

Figur 1b

eine teilweise Schnittansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes in vormontiertem Zustand;

Figur 2

eine teilweise Schnittansicht der ersten Ausführungsform des Distanzelementes mit montiertem Befestigungselement;

Figur 3

eine teilweise Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in montiertem Zustand;

Figur 4

eine weitere teilweise Schnittansicht einer vierten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes im vormontierten Zustand;

Figur 5

eine teilweise Schnittansicht der vierten Ausführungsform des Distanzelementes mit montiertem Befestigungselement;

Figur 5a

eine Detailansicht des Kopfes des Befestigungselementes aus Figur 5;

Figur 5b

eine Detailansicht eines Kopfes eines alternativen Befestigungselementes;

Figur 5c

eine Detailansicht eines Kopfes eines weiteren alternativen Befestigungselementes;

Figur 6

eine teilweise Schnittansicht der vierten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes im vormontierten Zustand;

Figur 7

eine weitere teilweise Schnittansicht der vierten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes im vormontierten Zustand;

Figur 8

eine weitere teilweise Schnittansicht der vierten Ausführungsform eines Distanzelementes im vormontierten Zustand zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt;

Figur 9

eine Schnittansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung im vormontierten Zustand;

Figur 10

eine Schnittansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung im montierten Zustand;

Figur 11

einen Baukörper in einer Öffnung in zumindest teilweise montiertem Zustand;

Figur 11a

eine Detailansicht eines an einer Auflagefläche fixierten Distanzelementes in Form eines Schnittbildes;

Figur 11b

eine Detailansicht einer Vorrichtung im montierten Zustand in Form eines Schnittbildes;

Figur 11c

eine Detailansicht des unteren Bereichs der in Figur 11 dargestellten Öffnung in Form eines Schnittbildes;

Figur 12

einen ersten Profilschnitt durch ein Distanzelement;

Figur 13

einen zweiten Profilschnitt durch ein Distanzelement;

Figur 14

einen dritten Profilschnitt durch ein Distanzelement; und

Figur 15

ein Flussdiagramm eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.

Show it:

FIG. 1

a partial sectional view of a first embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state;

FIG. 1a

a partial sectional view of a second embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state;

FIG. 1b

a partial sectional view of a third embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state;

FIG. 2

a partial sectional view of the first embodiment of the spacer element with mounted fastener;

FIG. 3

a partial sectional view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention in the assembled state;

FIG. 4

a further partial sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state;

FIG. 5

a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the spacer element with mounted fastener;

FIG. 5a

a detailed view of the head of the fastener FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 5b

a detail view of a head of an alternative fastener;

FIG. 5c

a detailed view of a head of another alternative fastener;

FIG. 6

a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state;

FIG. 7

a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state;

FIG. 8

a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state at a later time;

FIG. 9

a sectional view of a second embodiment of a device in the preassembled state;

FIG. 10

a sectional view of the second embodiment of a device in the assembled state;

FIG. 11

a building in an opening in at least partially assembled state;

FIG. 11a

a detailed view of a fixed to a support surface spacer element in the form of a sectional image;

FIG. 11b

a detailed view of a device in the assembled state in the form of a sectional image;

FIG. 11c

a detail view of the lower area of the in FIG. 11 illustrated opening in the form of a sectional image;

FIG. 12

a first profile section through a spacer element;

FIG. 13

a second profile section through a spacer element;

FIG. 14

a third profile section through a spacer element; and

FIG. 15

a flowchart of a method according to the invention.

In the following drawings, like reference characters designate like or similar parts.

FIG. 1 shows a partial sectional view of a first embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state. FIG. 1 shows in particular a cross section through a spacer element 14 and a preassembled on the spacer element 14 structure 16. The spacer element 14, the in FIG. 1 is partially shown, rests on a support surface 12. On one of the support surface 12 opposite top 46 of the spacer element 14, a reinforcing rib 58 can be seen, which serves the mechanical reinforcement of the spacer element 14. On the upper side 46 of the spacer 14, a guide member 22 is further arranged, that is formed, which extends along a longitudinal axis 26. The longitudinal axis 26 may in particular be perpendicular to the upper side 46. The guide part 22 may have a through hole 30, which is also arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis 26 in the interior of the guide member 22. The lower end of the throughbore 30 may, as needed, extend down to the support surface 12 through the spacer 14 or, as in FIG FIG. 1 shown, end before.

At the in FIG. 1 illustrated preassembled state of the spacer element 14, the guide member 22 is already led into a passage 24 in the building 16. The structure 16 may, for example, as in FIG. 1 shown, having a rectangular cross-section hollow profile, wherein the passage 24 comprises two aligned openings in the building 16. As in FIG. 1 is shown, the spacer 14 facing the opening of the passage 24 in the building 16 for receiving the guide member 22 may have a larger diameter than that on the side facing away from the spacer 14 side of the building 16 opening of the passage 24th

The spacer 14 may, as indicated by the hatching, be formed homogeneously from a single material. The material may in particular be a thermally insulating material, for example a corresponding thermally insulating plastic. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the spacer element 14 is only partially formed of a thermally insulating material. For example, only a thin layer of the spacer element 14, which bears against the support surface 12, be formed of a heat-insulating material, while the remaining components of the spacer element 14 for improvement the mechanical stability of the spacer element 14 are made of a metallic material.

The support surface 12 is bounded by an edge 66. At the in FIG. 1 shown position of the building 16 of the building 16 is completely within a bounded by the support surface 12 opening.

FIG. 1a shows a partial sectional view of a second embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state. In the FIG. 1a illustrated second embodiment of a spacer corresponds in large parts of FIG. 1 already known first embodiment of a spacer element. However, at the in FIG. 1a illustrated second embodiment, the through hole 30 has a relation to the first embodiment greatly reduced diameter. In this way, with the same outer diameter of the guide member 22, the mechanical stability of the guide member 22 before the reinforcement by a in FIG. 1a not shown fastener can be increased. Furthermore, a diameter of the fastening element, not shown, for example, a screw, can be variably selected by the reduced diameter of the through hole 30, wherein when inserting the fastener into the guide member 22, for example, an internal thread can be cut into the guide member 22 by the fastener.

FIG. 1b shows a partial sectional view of a third embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state. In the FIG. 1b illustrated third embodiment of a spacer element is different from those in the FIGS. 1a and 1 illustrated previous embodiments of a spacer element by a centering 28, which replaces the present in the previous embodiments of the spacer through hole 30. The simultaneous provision of the centering 28 and the through hole 30 is for example possible if the through hole 30 has a smaller diameter than the centering 28. By the centering 28, the diameter of the mounting member 16 for fixing the body 16 to the spacer 14 mountable fastener not shown can be variably selected because a hollow in the guide member 22 for receiving the fastener until just before or shortly before the insertion of the fastener into the guide member 22 fit is produced. Furthermore, at the in FIG. 1b illustrated third embodiment of a spacer element, the mechanical stability of the guide member 22 relative to the FIG. 1a known second embodiment of the spacer element again increased. At the in FIG. 1b illustrated third embodiment can be seen that the spacer element 12th beyond the edge 66 protrudes from the limited by the support surface 12 opening. Likewise, the structure 16 protrudes beyond the edge 66. It is also possible that the spacer element 12 protrudes beyond the edge 66 and the structure 16 is completely within the bounded by the support surface 12 opening. Furthermore, the spacer element 12 may also include "tabs" not shown, which embrace the edge 66, and so simplify its positioning during the fixation of the spacer element 12.

FIG. 2 shows a partial sectional view of the first embodiment of the spacer element with mounted fastener. An in FIG. 2 illustrated fastener 20 includes a head 18 and is designed as a simple screw with a thread. At the in FIG. 2 illustrated assembled state of the fastener 20 strikes the head 18 of the fastener 20 to the building 16 at. The fastening element 20 is also non-positively connected via the guide member 22 with the spacer element 14, so that the structure 16 is also positively connected to the spacer element 14. In particular, the fastening element 20 is frictionally connected to the guide part 22 and / or the spacer element 14 via an end section 32. Further, since the spacer element 14 is non-positively connected to the support surface 12, which in FIG. 2 is not shown, the building 16 is fixed in this way with respect to the support surface 12. The fastening element 20 can cut an internal thread in the guide member 22 when inserting into the guide member 22 or engage in an existing thread, in order to transmit in this way in particular forces parallel to the longitudinal axis 26 of the building 16 on the support surface 12 can.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention in the assembled state. An in FIG. 3 shown inventive device 10 shows in addition to the already out FIG. 2 known details also a fixing element 38, which is used for fastening the spacer element 14 on the support surface 12. In addition, in FIG. 3 recognizable that the fixing element 38 is disposed at a safety distance 68 from the edge 66. Furthermore is FIG. 3 can be seen that the building 16 at least partially protrudes beyond the edge 66, and thus partially protrudes or protrudes from an opening defined by the support surface 12.

The fixing element 38 is in the in FIG. 3 shown embodiment of the device 10 is disposed in a provided in the spacer element 14 slot. Other fixation elements 38 may be provided in this and in all other embodiments of the device 10. Accordingly, the fixing element 38 may also comprise a plurality of screws, etc. In addition to or instead of screws, the fixing element 38 may also comprise adhesive in this and in the other embodiments of the device 10.

FIG. 4 shows a further partial sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state. In the FIG. 4 shown further embodiment of a spacer element 14 is similar to the FIG. 1a However, wherein the outer diameter of the guide member 22 has at most the same diameter as that on the side facing away from the spacer 14 side of the building opening of the passage 24. In particular, the passage 24 may comprise two openings having the same diameter. The fastening element 20, which is partially shown above the passage 24, is first introduced into the passage 24 in the structure 16 along the longitudinal axis 26. Due to the matched diameter of the fastener 20 and the guide member 22, the guide member 22 is removed and / or replaced by a arranged on the fastener 20 cutting and / or shaping element 34 during insertion of the fastener 20. The fastening element 20 may have the cutting and / or shaping element 34 at its end facing away from the head 18. The cutting and / or shaping element 34 may be suitable for removing and / or hollowing out the guide part 22.

FIG. 5 shows a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the spacer element with mounted fastener. In FIG. 5 is the final state shown in which the fastener 20 has completely passed through the passage 24 in the building 16 and finally abuts with the head 18 on the building 16. A head portion 18 opposite end portion 32 of the fastener 20 is non-positively connected to the spacer element 14. During the screwing of the fastener 20 through the structure 16, the fastener 20 carries the guide member 22 in this embodiment of the spacer element 14, until finally the fastener 20 completely replaces the guide member 22 at least within the building 16.

FIG. 5a shows a detailed view of the head of the fastener FIG. 5 , The in FIG. 5a illustrated head 18 of the fastener 20 strikes the passage 24 on the fixed structure 16 at. How out FIG. 5a can be seen, the fastening element 20 comprises a simple thread with a defined pitch.

FIG. 5b shows a detail view of a head of an alternative fastener. This in FIG. 5b illustrated alternative fastener 20 includes in the area adjacent to the head 18 area instead of a thread retaining elements that can clamp the fastener 20 at the openings of the passage 24 of the building 16.

FIG. 5c shows a detailed view of a head of another alternative fastener. This in FIG. 5c shown further alternative fastener 20 is locked by the provided retaining elements in the position shown. Like that FIGS. 5b and 5c can be seen, by turning the fastener 20, neither the alternative fastener 20 according to FIG. 5b nor the other alternative fastener 20 according to FIG. 5c be removed from the passage 24. If the fastening element 20 furthermore has a simple thread in a lower region (not shown), a fine adjustment of the structure 16 can be achieved by turning the fastening element 20 by adjusting the distance along the longitudinal axis 26 between the structure 16 and the spacer element 14.

FIG. 6 shows a partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state. In the FIG. 6 illustrated fourth embodiment of the spacer corresponds to the FIG. 4 known embodiment of the spacer element.

FIG. 7 shows a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state. At the in FIG. 7 shown pre-assembled state, a drill 70 is already partially shown, which will soon be moved through the passage 24 in the building 16 in the direction of the spacer element 14.

FIG. 8 shows a further partial sectional view of the fourth embodiment of a spacer element in the preassembled state at a later time. In FIG. 8 the end position of the drill 70 is shown, in which the drill 70 is drilled through the building 16 and the spacer 14 into the support surface 12. Analogous to the FIGS. 4 and 5 can in this embodiment, the guide member 22 completely removed by the drill 70 and later replaced by an inserted fastener become. If the outer diameter of the guide member 22 is selected to be larger, a reinforcement of the guide member 22 instead of a replacement is possible.

FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of a device in the preassembled state. In the FIG. 9 illustrated second embodiment of a device substantially corresponds to the FIG. 8 already known and only partially shown pre-assembled state. However, instead of the off FIG. 8 recognizable drill 70 only a resulting, that is, a generated bore 72 recognizable, which protrudes in alignment with the passage 24 through the spacer 14 into the support surface 12. As FIG. 10 can be seen, the bore 72 for non-positive coupling of the building 16 to the spacer element 14 by means of in FIG. 10 Fastener 20 shown fixed. FIG. 10 Accordingly, shows a sectional view of the second embodiment of the device in the assembled state.

FIG. 11 shows a building in an opening in at least partially assembled state. The in FIG. 11 shown structure 16 is recognizable part of a window. Alternative and in FIG. 11 not shown, the building 16, for example, be part of a door. The building 16 is, as in FIG. 11 shown arranged in an opening 40, which may be provided for example in a building wall 74 and which is bounded by the support surface 12. Surrounding the edge of the opening 40 devices 10 are arranged for fixing the structure 16 in the opening 40, the number of which can vary according to need / rule.

FIG. 11a shows a detailed view of a fixed to a support surface spacer element in the form of a sectional image. The illustrated sectional view corresponds to that in FIG FIG. 11 A marked area. Easily recognizable is the fixing element 38, which serves to fix the spacer element 14 on the support surface 12. Furthermore, reinforcing ribs 58 can be seen, which stiffen the spacer element 14 mechanically. Between the spacer element 14 and the support surface 12, a sealing strip 42 is further recognizable, whereby an additional seal between the spacer element 14 and the support surface 12 is achieved.

FIG. 11b shows a detailed view of a device in the assembled state in the form of a sectional image. In the FIG. 11b shown sectional view corresponds to in FIG. 11 B marked area. In the illustrated area, in particular the building 16 and the fastening element 20, which extends through the building 16 and the spacer element 14 into the support surface 12, can be seen.

FIG. 11c shows a detail view of the lower portion of in FIG. 11 illustrated opening in the form of a sectional image. In addition to two cut devices 10 for fixing the structure 16 in the opening 40 blocks 36 can be seen, which serve to fix the structure 16 in the preassembled position. By means of the blocks 36 vertical loads of the building 16 are transferred into the opening 40, and the building 16 held in the mounting position.

FIG. 12 shows a first profile section through a spacer. The in FIG. 12 shown first profile section shows a rounding 50 in the edge region of the spacer element 14. The rounding 50 can also be construed as a radius.

FIG. 13 shows a second profile section through a spacer. The in FIG. 13 shown second profile section shows a chamfer 48 in an edge region of the spacer element 14th

FIG. 14 shows a third profile section through a spacer. The in FIG. 14 illustrated fourth profile section shows in an edge region of the spacer element 14 has a double radius 54 with an outer radius 56 which is arranged so that the edge regions of the spacer element 14 almost parallel in the support surface, when the spacer element 14 is mounted or positioned.

FIG. 15 shows a flowchart of a method according to the invention. An illustrated method 100 begins at step 1 while steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the building 16 is completely fixed in the opening 40 with the desired / necessary number of devices 10.

• Der Führungsteil 22 wird in den Durchlass 24 des Baukörpers 16 eingeführt und in die Montageposition gebracht;
  oder
• Positionieren des Distanzelementes 14 und des Baukörpers 16 in einer Montageposition in der Öffnung 40.

Depending on the embodiment of the device used, step 1 includes at least:

• The guide member 22 is inserted into the passage 24 of the structure 16 and brought into the mounting position;
  or
• Positioning the spacer element 14 and the structure 16 in a mounting position in the opening 40th

This can also be understood to mean that the guide part 22 or the spacer element 14 of all provided for fixing the structure in the opening devices 10, for example FIG. 11 it can be seen that several Devices 10 can be used together for fixing a single structure. In this case, the two sub-steps mentioned above, as required, are carried out independently of one another, successively or at the same time for all devices provided on the structure.

• Das Distanzelement 14 wird mit mindestens einem Fixierelement 38 an der Auflagefläche 12 befestigt;
  oder
• Erstellen einer Bohrung 72 mit einem auf das Material der die Öffnung 40 begrenzenden Auflagefläche 12 abgestimmten Bohrer 70 durch den Baukörper 16 und das Distanzelement 14.

Depending on the embodiment of the device used, step 2 includes at least:

• The spacer element 14 is fastened with at least one fixing element 38 on the support surface 12;
  or
• Creating a bore 72 with a on the material of the opening 40 delimiting support surface 12 matched drill 70 through the building 16 and the spacer element 14th

• Das Befestigungselement 20 wird in den Führungsteil 22 eingebracht, wobei der Führungsteil 22 mindestens teilweise durch das Befestigungselement 20 ersetzt und/oder armiert wird.
  oder
• Setzen des Befestigungselementes 20 durch die erstellte Bohrung 72, um den Baukörper in der Montageposition zu fixieren.

Depending on the embodiment of the device used, step 3 includes at least:

• The fastener 20 is inserted into the guide member 22, wherein the guide member 22 is at least partially replaced by the fastener 20 and / or reinforced.
  or
• Setting the fastener 20 through the created hole 72 to fix the building in the mounting position.

The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the drawings and in the claims may be essential to the realization of the invention both individually and in any combination.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

contraption

12

bearing surface

14

spacer

16

structure

18

head

20

fastener

22

guide part

24

passage

26

longitudinal axis

28

centering

30

Through Hole

32

end

34

Cutting and / or shaping element

36

block

38

fixing

40

opening

42

sealing tape

44

sealing film

46

top

48

chamfer

50

rounding off

54

double radius

56

outer radius

58

reinforcing rib

66

edge

68

safety distance

70

drill

72

drilling

74

building wall

100

method

Claims (25)

Device (10) for fixing a building body (16) with respect to an opening (40) delimited by a support surface (12), comprising at least one spacer element (14) which can be attached to the support surface (12) and provided with a head (18) Fastening element (20), wherein the spacer element (14) has a guide part (22) which can be inserted during a pre-assembly of the device (10) in a passage (24) of the building body (16), characterized in that the guide part (22) in a longitudinal axis (26) has a through hole (30) and that the fastening element (20) is dimensioned so that the fastening element (20) after mounting the device (10) in the guide part (22) in the through hole (30) extends to allow a positive connection between the spacer element (14) and the building body (16). Device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the through hole (30) in the spacer element (14) extends. Device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer element (14) is dimensioned for that a fixing element (38) which is used for fastening the spacer element (14) on the support surface (12), in a Safety distance (68) from an edge (66) can be arranged and that the assembled structure (16) at most partially protrudes beyond the edge (66). Device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixing element (38) comprises a screw and / or a nail and / or a dowel and / or a dowel rod, respectively, a spike. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fastening element (20) is a screw or a self-drilling screw. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the head (18) is arranged at one end of the fastening element (20) such that the head (18) strikes against the structure (16) when the device ( 10), and that an end portion (32) of the fastening element (20) facing away from the head (18) is fixed along the longitudinal axis (26) of the guide part (22) in the guide part (22). Device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide part (22) by at least one attached to the fastening element (20) cutting and / or shaping element (34) at least partially ablatable and at least partially armored by the fastener (20) and / or at least partially replaceable. Device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide part (22) in the mounting position at least partially drilled and / or at least partially abradable and at least partially armored by the fastener (20) and / or at least partially replaceable. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spacer element (14) comprises a thermal bridge reducing material. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the building (16) is part of a window or a door and that the opening (40) is a building opening. Apparatus (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the building body (16) is completely mounted within the opening (40). Device (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the building body (16) projects at least partially out of the opening (40) to the outside and / or inside. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that between the structural body (16) and the opening (40) a sealing strip (42) and / or a sealing film (44) is mounted. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the spacer element (14) by means of a sealing tape (42) and / or a sealing film (44) has a sealable shape. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the spacer element (14) on a top side (46) has a chamfer (48) and / or a rounding (50) and / or a wave-shaped double radius (54) an outer radius (56) facing after mounting the device (10) in a tangential direction to the support surface (12). Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the spacer element (14) on an upper side (46) has at least one reinforcing reinforcing rib (58) which extends over at least half the length of the upper side (46). Device (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that a transition (60) between the reinforcing rib (58) and the upper side (46) has large radii. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the spacer element (14) on an upper side (46) at least partially has a rough, plaster-adhering surface structure. Device (10) for fastening a structural body (16) in an opening (40) delimited by a bearing surface (12), comprising at least one spacer element (14) which can be attached to the bearing surface (12) and a fastening element provided with a head (18) ( 20), characterized in that the spacer element (14) has a hole-free area which is intended to be at least partially penetrated by the fastening element (20) in order to form a frictional connection between the spacer element (14) and the building body (16). manufacture. Device (10) according to claim 19, characterized in that the geometry and the materials of the fastener (20) and the hole-free portion of the spacer element (14) are coordinated so that the fastener (20) under threading through the previously hole-free area of the spacer element (14) can at least partially pass. Method (100) for mounting a device according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly comprises at least the following steps: Step 1: - The guide member (22) is inserted into the passage (24) of the building (16) and brought into the mounting position. Step 2: - The spacer element (14) is fastened with at least one fixing element (38) on the support surface (12). Step 3: - The fastener (20) is introduced into the guide member (22), wherein the guide member (22) at least partially replaced by the fastener (20) and / or is reinforced. Method (100) according to claim 21, characterized in that step 1 further comprises: - Three-dimensional alignment of the building body (16) with respect to the opening (40). - Transfer vertical loads of the building (16) by padding in the opening (40) and temporarily hold the building (16) in a mounting position. Method (100) according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that step 2 further comprises: - Positioning of the spacer element (14) on the support surface (12) - Fixing the spacer element (14) at a safety distance from the edge of an outer plane of the opening (40) on the support surface (12) with at least one fixing element (38), in particular through a bore in the spacer element (14). Method (100) according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that step 3 further comprises: - Creating a bore (72) with a on the material of the opening (40) delimiting support surface (12) matched drill (70) through the building (16) in the guide member (22) to the spacer element (14) and at most to through the bearing surface (12) of the opening (40). - Setting the fastener (20) through the created hole (72). - Fixing the position of the building (16) after the fine adjustment. Method (100) for mounting a device (10) according to claim 19, characterized in that the assembly comprises at least the following steps: Step 1: - Positioning the spacer element (14) and the building body (16) in a mounting position with respect to the opening (40). Step 2: - Creating a bore (72) with a on the material of the opening (40) delimiting support surface (12) matched drill (70) or a drilling screw through the building (16) and the spacer element (14). Step 3: - Setting the fastener (20) through the created hole (72) to fix the building in the mounting position.

Images