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EP2773130B1 - Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung zum Senden bzw. Empfangen von Schallwellen - Google Patents

Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung zum Senden bzw. Empfangen von Schallwellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2773130B1
EP2773130B1 EP13157282.8A EP13157282A EP2773130B1 EP 2773130 B1 EP2773130 B1 EP 2773130B1 EP 13157282 A EP13157282 A EP 13157282A EP 2773130 B1 EP2773130 B1 EP 2773130B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound wave
surface part
reflecting surface
management device
audio management
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13157282.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2773130A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Grosjean
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to EP13157282.8A priority Critical patent/EP2773130B1/de
Publication of EP2773130A1 publication Critical patent/EP2773130A1/de
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Publication of EP2773130B1 publication Critical patent/EP2773130B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/342—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
    • G10K11/28—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using reflection, e.g. parabolic reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/105—Appliances, e.g. washing machines or dishwashers
    • G10K2210/1053—Hi-fi, i.e. anything involving music, radios or loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an audio management device for sending and/or receiving sound waves.
  • the present invention relates to such an audio management device comprising a sound speaker device with a sound wave reflector having at least one reflecting surface part for reflecting sound waves and at least one speaker which is directed towards the at least one sound wave reflecting surface part.
  • said sound wave reflecting surface part comprises at least one paraboloidal reflecting surface part, the speaker being positioned on the central axis of that paraboloidal reflecting surface part.
  • Such a type of audio management devices comprising such speaker devices is known according to the state of the art, for example in order to realize so-called sound wave lenses intended to direct sound to a listener.
  • the sound produced by the speaker can be directed in a direction corresponding to the direction of the central axis of the paraboloidal reflecting surface part and is restricted to a restricted area.
  • a disadvantage however of the known audio management devices and of their speaker system is that they are designed without taking into account surround noise or sound waves which do originate from sound wave sources different from the speaker and which are incident on the sound wave reflector.
  • the sound heard by the listener is contaminated by noise of the environment and the concentration of the sound of the speaker into a sound bundle which is directed towards the listener does not result in the desired signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the sound waves sent to the listener are not sufficiently isolated from the surrounding noise.
  • Another disadvantage of the known audio management devices is that the sound sent by the speaker of the speaker device is partly scattered directly or reflected indirectly into the environment, so that the audio management device itself contributes to the background noise of other listeners.
  • a part of the sound produced by the speaker which is scattered into the environment can originate directly from the speaker, for example when it is not incident on the sound wave reflector.
  • the first reflection of the sound produced by the speaker is reflected on the sound wave reflector resulting in a bundle of plane sound waves.
  • a characteristic of a paraboloid reflecting surface is that such a reflected second order plane sound wave travelling to the paraboloid reflecting surface in the direction of its central axis is reflected towards the focal point of that paraboloid reflecting surface, so to be scattered in all kinds of directions into the surrounding environment, which is of course a very disturbing aspect.
  • an audio management device with a sound source which is located at a certain distance from a listener and which is capable of directing sound produced by the sound source towards the listener, while reducing interference with background noise from the environment, so to provide an isolated bundle of sound to the listener.
  • Another aim of the invention is to ensure that sound produced by the sound source of the audio management system is not scattered or only in a very reduced way into the surrounding environment outside the above mentioned range of the bundle of plane sound waves in order to prevent that sound produced by the audio management device would become a source of noise for other listeners in the environment. It is in particular an aim of the invention to avoid spillover of so-called third order reflections of the sound waves produced by the speaker.
  • the invention proposes an audio management device for sending and/or receiving sound waves of a type described in the preamble of claim 1, wherein additionally the sound wave reflector has a tubular surface part comprising sound wave absorbing means which extends from a rim of the sound wave reflecting surface part to a limiting edge of the sound wave reflector in a direction parallel to a central axis of the at least one paraboloidal reflecting surface part.
  • the tubular surface part with sound wave absorbing means which extends from the reflecting surface part is forming a kind of sound wave absorbing screen.
  • this screen prevents that undesired background noise coming from noise sources in the environment of the sound management device can reach the sound wave reflecting surface to be reflected towards the listener or further into the surrounding environment.
  • this screen also prevents that sound waves produced by the speaker of the audio management device and which are not incident on the sound wave reflecting surface can escape towards the environment around the audio management device without being at least strongly weakened in strength or completely adsorbed by the sound wave adsorbing means of the tubular surface part.
  • the tubular surface part also forms a screen or sound wave absorption means for capturing the above-mentioned third order sound wave reflections.
  • an audio management device comprising a speaker that provides multi-directional sound which is reflected towards the listener as a bundle of plane sound waves, the plane sound waves of the bundle not being mixed up with surrounding noise and therefore being isolated from the environment more efficiently than with the known audio management devices.
  • the sound wave absorbing tubular surface part has a certain height and the at least one paraboloidal reflecting surface part has a focal point which is positioned on the central axis of that reflecting surface part at a distance from an opening formed by the aforementioned limiting edge of the sound wave reflector, the distance to the focal point being smaller than the height of the tubular surface part and being larger than half said height.
  • focal point is positioned within a space which is laterally surrounded by the tubular surface part and which is at a position on the central axis somewhat towards the sound wave reflecting surface part, rather than towards the opening formed by the limiting edge.
  • multi-directional sound sent by the speaker can easily cover the entire sound wave reflecting surface, while third order sound wave reflections are at the same time captured by the sound wave absorbing tubular surface part.
  • the sound wave reflector has a concave inner surface with a certain depth and additionally the sound wave absorbing tubular surface part of the audio management device extends over a substantial part of that depth.
  • the sound wave absorbing tubular surface part extends over at least a third of that depth of the concave inner surface, more preferably over at least half of that depth and even still more preferably over 75% or more of that depth.
  • An audio management device in accordance with one of said embodiments is very efficient in directing sound to a listener and for preventing surrounding background noise from interfering with the sound waves to be sent to the listener, as well as for preventing scattering of sound to be sent to the listener or reflections of that sound into the environment.
  • the sound wave reflector has a hollow body formed by a reflector wall, a first reflector wall part of which forming a convex outer surface and a second reflector wall part of which forming a concave inner surface, the first reflector wall part and second reflector wall part being separated from one another by means of an inside cavity, and wherein sound wave absorbing means are formed by perforations in concerned parts of the reflector wall giving access to the inside cavity and by sound absorbing material applied in the inside cavity.
  • Such an embodiment of an audio management device in accordance with the invention is provided with sound wave absorbing means which are very adequate, since the sound waves which are captured into the cavity have no or almost no opportunity to escape and are not reflected back into the environment and are therefore completely or almost completely absorbed.
  • the sound wave reflector has a convex outer surface comprising at least one spherical surface part and the entire convex outer surface is provided with sound wave absorbing means.
  • a spherical surface part is advantageous over other surface shapes in that it provides a maximal effective surface for catching background noise and in that it allows exposition to all directions, so that background noise coming from all kinds of directions can be captured in a very effective way.
  • an audio management device is provided with an active noise cancelling system comprising one or more microphones for measuring an incoming noise source to be canceled; one or more noise cancelling speakers for sending anti-noise that cancels at least partly the incoming noise; and a controller for creating an anti-noise signal to be sent by the noise canceling speaker(s).
  • Such an embodiment allows for a still more effective reduction of background noise heard by the listener.
  • such an active noise cancelling system can be very interesting in environments wherein the background noise has a kind of repetitive and predictable character, such as noise produced by photocopiers, printers, coffee machines and so on, since in such environments the processing time for producing the anti-noise to be sent can be reduced considerably.
  • the audio management device 1 is intended for sending sound waves 2 and possibly also for receiving sound waves.
  • a speaker device 3 which is, in the embodiment represented in figures 1 and 2 , a monophonic speaker device 3.
  • This speaker device 3 comprises a sound wave reflector 4 and a speaker 5 which is directed towards the reflector 4.
  • the speaker device 3 is, in the illustrated embodiment, executed as an overhead speaker device 3 which is hung from the ceiling 6 of a room 7 by means of a cable or rod 8 above a person 9 which is sitting at his desk 10.
  • the sound wave reflector 4 is in the represented case executed as a hollow body formed by a reflector wall 11.
  • a first reflector wall part 12 of this reflector wall 11 is forming a convex outer surface 13 of the sound wave reflector 4, while a second reflector wall part 14 of the sound wave reflector 4 is forming a concave inner surface 15.
  • the first reflector wall part 12 and second reflector wall part 14 are separated from one another by means of an inside cavity 16.
  • the convex outer surface 13 of the sound wave reflector 4 is intended for absorbing incoming background noise waves 17 and is for that purpose provided with sound wave absorbing means 18 which are preferably spread over the entire convex outer surface 13.
  • the convex outer surface 13 is formed by a surface part of spherical shape.
  • the concave inner surface 15 of the sound wave reflector 4 comprises on the one hand, a sound wave reflecting surface part 19, which is, in the embodiment of figures 1 and 2 , formed by a single sound wave reflecting surface part 19 which is a single paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 having a circular paraboloidal shape, and on the other hand, a surface part 21 which is provided with sound wave absorbing means 22 and which is bordering the sound wave reflecting surface part 19 and which is according to the invention a tubular surface part 21.
  • the paraboloidal sound wave reflecting surface part 19 is preferably made of a material that typically does not absorb sound waves and has therefor a very low sound wave absorption coefficient in a big range of frequencies.
  • such a material can be any kind of plastics or a resin or the like.
  • the paraboloidal sound wave reflecting surface part 19 is preferably non-porous, smooth and sealed, so to ensure a good reflection of incident sound waves on the sound wave reflecting surface part 19.
  • the tubular surface part 21 is formed by a cylinder mantle 23.
  • the paraboloidal reflecting surface part 19 has a central axis AA' which coincides with the central axis BB' of cylinder mantle 23.
  • the tubular surface part 21 extends from a rim 24 of the sound wave reflecting surface part 19 to a limiting edge 25 of the sound wave reflector 4 in a direction parallel to the central axis AA' of the paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20.
  • the limiting edge 25 forms the circumference of a circular opening 26 which gives access to the concave inner surface 15 and defines the boundary 25 between the first reflector wall part 12 and the second reflector wall part 14.
  • the monophonic speaker 5 is directed towards the paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 and is positioned on the central axis AA', preferably, as is the case in figures 1 and 2 , in the focal point 27 of that paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 and preferably directed towards the top of the that paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20.
  • multi-directional sound waves 2 produced by the speaker 5 which are sent in all kinds of directions and which are incident on the paraboloid reflecting surface part 20, are reflected as a plane sound wave in a direction CC' which is parallel to the central axis AA'.
  • the sound waves 2 produced by the speaker 5 are sent as a bundle 28 of plane sound waves 2 towards the listening person 9 sitting under the overhead speaker device 3, so that the sound is targeted towards the receptor.
  • the dimensions of the sound wave reflector 4 are important and are preferably according to the invention such that the opening 26 formed by the limiting edge 25 has a maximum width W between 50 and 60 cm, while the convex outer surface 13 has a maximum width W' of not more than 90 cm.
  • the limited size W' of the convex outer surface 13 allows for an easy application in offices.
  • the sound wave reflector 4 has a concave inner surface 13 with a certain depth D and the sound wave absorbing tubular surface part 21 of the audio management device 1 has a height H, both dimensions being adapted to one another.
  • the tubular surface part 21 preferably extends over at least a third of the depth D of the concave inner surface 13, more preferably over half of that depth D and still more preferably over 75% or more of that depth D, as is the case in figures 1 and 2 , so to form an effective screen for sound waves provided at the rim 24 of the sound wave reflecting surface part 18.
  • the focal point 27 is positioned on the central axis AA' of the reflecting surface part 20 at a distance F from the opening 26.
  • This distance F is preferably somewhat smaller than the height H of the tubular surface part 21, so that the focal point 27 is located within the cylindrical part formed by the cylinder mantel 23.
  • a plane sound wave which is travelling towards the sound reflector 4 along the central axis AA' (typically a reflected sound wave of second order) is reflected towards the focal point 27 as a third order sound wave reflection.
  • the height H of the tubular surface part 21 and the distance F to the focal point 27 should therefore at least be such that such a third order reflected sound wave is incident on the sound wave absorbing tubular surface part 21.
  • the monophonic speaker 5 preferably produces a good, uniform sound in directions within a cone 29, the central axis QQ' of which corresponding to the central axis AA' of the paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 and having a top angle S in the focal point 27 which is sufficiently large in order to cover at least the entire sound reflecting surface part 19.
  • Sound waves 2 produced by the speaker 5 which are not incident on the paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 or reflected by the sound wave reflector 4 into a direction which is not parallel with the central axis AA' are captured by the tubular surface part 21, which is for that purpose provided with sound wave absorbing means 22, so that the produced sound is not scattered into the environment 30.
  • the sound wave absorbing means 18 of the convex outer surface 13, as well as the sound wave absorbing means 22 of the tubular surface part 20 of the concave inner surface 15 can be executed in all kinds of different ways.
  • the tubular surface part 21 of the second reflector wall part 14 is, in the case represented in figures 1 and 2 , executed in a material which is known for its good sound wave absorbing characteristics, such as a non-dense, fibrous material, e.g. mineral wool, felt or fiberglass, or a sound wave absorbing foam, such as melamine or polyurethane acoustic foam, having a high sound wave absorption coefficient and high noise reduction coefficient (NRC).
  • a material which is known for its good sound wave absorbing characteristics such as a non-dense, fibrous material, e.g. mineral wool, felt or fiberglass, or a sound wave absorbing foam, such as melamine or polyurethane acoustic foam, having a high sound wave absorption coefficient and high noise reduction coefficient (NRC).
  • a material which is known for its good sound wave absorbing characteristics such as a non-dense, fibrous material, e.g. mineral wool, felt or fiberglass, or a sound wave absorbing foam, such as melamine or
  • the noise reduction coefficient of the sound wave absorbing material is preferably at least 0.7 and even more preferably at least 0.8.
  • the sound wave absorbing means 18 of the convex outer surface 13 are executed somewhat differently.
  • the entire first reflector wall part 12 of the sound wave reflector 4 is provided with perforations or openings 31 (which are only illustrated in figure 2 ) giving access to the inside cavity 16 inside the hollow sound wave reflector 4.
  • a sound absorbing material 32 is applied, which consists for example of a mineral wool having a sufficiently large thickness T of preferably 10 cm or more.
  • the entire convex outer surface 13 formed by the entire first reflector wall part 12 is executed in a sound wave absorbing material having sound wave absorbing characteristics similar to the characteristics of the tubular surface part 21, so to absorb also background sound waves 17 incident on the convex outer surface 13 at positions not provided with perforations 31 and thus further increase the performance of the sound wave absorbing means 18 intended for capturing background sound waves 17.
  • the sound wave absorbing characteristics of the sound wave absorbing means 18 can be easily adapted.
  • tubular surface part 21 with perforations 31 in order to adapt the sound wave absorbing characteristics of the sound wave absorbing means 22 and/or on the contrary to execute the convex outer surface 13 without perforations 32 and so on.
  • the sound wave absorbing material is preferably coated for health and safety reasons.
  • the perforations 31 can be provided with an edge formed by a hollow cylindrical tube, so to form so-called Helmholtz resonators.
  • the Helmholtz resonators can be tuned to the desired frequency or frequency range.
  • the passive noise reduction provided by the outer surface part 13 as well as by the tubular surface part 21 results in a lower level of reverberation in the room.
  • FIG. 3 to 5 illustrate another embodiment of an audio management device 1 according to the invention, which is different form the first embodiment in that it comprises a speaker device 3 which is a stereophonic speaker device 33 intended for creating two separated bundles 28 of targeted sound.
  • the stereophonic speaker device 33 is executed, as in the preceding case, with a sound wave reflector 4 having a convex outer surface 13 provided with sound wave absorbing means 18 and a concave inner surface 15 with a sound wave reflecting surface part 19 and a tubular surface part 21 provided with sound wave absorbing means 22.
  • the reflecting surface part 19 of the concave inner surface 15 is however somewhat different and comprises in this case a pair of paraboloidal reflecting surface parts 34 each shaped as a half of a single circular paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20.
  • These paraboloidal reflecting surface parts 34 are spaced apart from one another by a certain offset distance O and are positioned symmetrically at opposite sides of an intermediate plane VV'.
  • the tubular surface part 21 extends in this case between the rim 24 at sound wave reflecting surface part 19 and the limiting edge 25 of the sound wave reflector 4 and comprises two semi-cylindrical surface parts 35 each shaped as a half of a single cylindrical mantle 23.
  • These semi-cylindrical surface parts 35 are separated from one another by a pair of surface parts 36 of rectangular shape having a width O corresponding to the abovementioned offset distance O and are also positioned symmetrically with respect to the intermediate plane VV'.
  • each semi-cylindrical surface part 35 coincides with the central axis AA' of the corresponding adjacent paraboloidal reflecting surface part 34.
  • the convex outer surface 13 comprises a pair of hemi-spherical surface parts 37 which are each shaped as a half of a single spherical surface part.
  • the entire convex outer surface 13 is provided with sound wave absorbing means 18, realized on the one hand by perforations 31 (only represented in figure 4 ) which give access to an inside cavity 16 inside the hollow sound wave reflector 4, the cavity 16 being provided with sound wave absorbing material 32, and, on the other hand, by applying a sound wave absorbing material at the convex outer surface 13 formed by the first reflector wall 12.
  • the stereophonic speaker device 33 furthermore comprises a pair of monophonic speakers 5, whereby each speaker 5 is positioned on the central axis AA' of one the pair of paraboloidal reflecting surface parts 34 and is directed towards the concerned paraboloidal reflecting surface part 34.
  • Each speaker 5 is preferably positioned in the corresponding focal point 27 of the concerned paraboloidal reflecting surface part 34.
  • the dimensions of the sound wave reflector 4 are similar as in the first embodiment, the opening 26 formed by the limiting edge 25 having a maximum width W between 50 and 70 cm, while the convex outer surface 13 has a maximum width W' of not more than 90 cm.
  • the height H of the tubular surface part 21 extends preferably again over at least half of the depth D of the concave inner surface 13 and more preferably over 75% or more of that depth D, while the distance F of each focal point to the opening 26 is preferably somewhat smaller than the height H of the tubular surface part 21, but larger than half that height H/2.
  • This position is defined by the focal distance (D-F in the figures), which is the distance between the focal point 27 and the vertex of the corresponding paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20.
  • this distance D-F can vary depending on the degree of curvature of the paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 and is actually a design parameter.
  • the focal distance D-F is in that case preferably between 0.125 m and 0.16 m.
  • the monophonic speakers 5 are incorporated into a wall 39 of the sound wave reflector 4 having a thickness P corresponding to the aforementioned offset distance O and which wall 39 partly fills the gap between the two paraboloid reflecting surface parts 34.
  • Each speaker 5 is intended for providing the sound source of one of the targeted sound bundles 28, i.e. a left and right channel respectively for the left and the right ear of the person 9.
  • the wall 39 is positioned symmetrically and is executed symmetrically with respect to the aforementioned intermediate plane VV' and the monophonic speakers 5 are mounted in the wall at opposite sides of the plane VV'.
  • the wall 39 is provided with sound wave absorbing means 40, which are in the represented case realized in a similar way as the tubular surface part 21 by means of a sound wave absorbing material, which is provided on the outside of it in order to avoid uncontrolled reflections that would diminish the targeted sound effect.
  • the wall 39 is preferably internally separated into two chambers or cavities 41.
  • the wall 39 in a way similar to the convex outer surface 13 with perforations 31 giving access to a cavity or chamber 40 in which sound absorbing material is provided.
  • the monophonic speakers 5 are mounted symmetrically with respect to the intermediate plane VV' and are directed in a direction QQ' somewhat skew under an angle R with respect to the aforementioned intermediate plane VV', as is clearly illustrated for example in figure 5 .
  • the surrounding surface parts 42 of the wall 39 surrounding each speaker 5 of the stereophonic speaker device 33 are adapted for a good projection of the sound towards each paraboloid reflecting surface part 34.
  • this surrounding surface part 42 is executed near the free edge 43 of the wall 39 with a somewhat raised part 44 compared to the flat wall surface 39, while a somewhat lowered part 45 compared to the flat wall surface 39 is provided in the surrounding part 42 in directions towards the paraboloid reflecting surface parts 34.
  • each monophonic speaker 5 preferably produces a good, uniform sound in directions within a cone 29, the central axis of which corresponding this time to the skew direction QQ' and having a top angle S in the corresponding focal point 27 of the concerned paraboloidal reflecting surface part 34 which angle S is for the same reasons as in the first embodiment sufficiently large in order to cover at least the concerned paraboloidal reflecting surface part 34, so to form a pair of homogeneous bundles of plane sound waves 28 directed towards the corresponding ear of the listener 9.
  • each speaker of the stereophonic speaker device 33 of the audio management device 1 is positioned fixedly in a focal point 26 of the concerned paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 or 34.
  • the speaker device 3 with speakers 5 which are somewhat movable along the central axis AA' of the concerned paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 or 34 out of the focal point 27.
  • such a movement is allowed over only a few cm, the position of the speakers 5 being adjustable very accurately.
  • the sound wave reflector 4 is preferably an overhead reflector 4, so that the spatial sound image is created from above the listener, i.e. in the vertical plane VV'.
  • the audio management device 1 comprises a digital signal processing unit 46 for converting the spatial sound image sent by the pair of monophonic speakers 5, from a vertical plane VV' to a horizontal plane KK'.
  • two digital filters are preferably employed.
  • the electric incoming signal which is fed to the speakers 5 for creating sound is preferably passed through a first filter representing the inverse of the transfer function related to the perception of sound coming from above.
  • an intermediate, modified electric signal is formed by which the speakers 5 would create a sound which would appear as coming from inside the head, because the spatial localization cue has been removed from the incoming electric signal.
  • the audio management device 1 typically in applications wherein the background noise has a more or less predictable character, it can be interesting to provide the audio management device 1 with an active noise cancelling system 47.
  • Such an active noise canceling system 47 comprises preferably one or more microphones 48 for measuring an incoming noise source to be canceled, one or more noise cancelling speakers 49 for sending anti-noise that cancels at least partly the incoming noise; and a controller 50 for creating an anti-noise signal to be sent by the noise canceling speaker(s) 49.
  • At least one of the speakers 5 on the central axis AA' of a paraboloidal reflecting surface part 20 or 34 of the audio management device 1 is both, i.e. a speaker 5 for streaming sound to be transmitted to a listener 9 as well as a noise cancelling speaker 49, anti-noise created by the controller 50 being superposed on the sound to be transmitted to the listener.
  • non-audio applications can be integrated in the audio management device 1.
  • a lighting 51 can be provided on the sound wave reflector 4 consisting of one or more light sources 51, which can be light sources of all kinds, such as RGB LED lights, a halogen bulb and so on.
  • the light sources 51 can be provided on the convex outer surface 13 as well as on the concave inner surface 15 and can be of kind to increase the intensity of light received on the desk 10 in a direct way as well as in an indirect way, for example through reflection on the ceiling 6.
  • the free side of the intermediate wall 39 is for example a very suitable place for mounting LED lighting 51, as is illustrated by way of example in figure 5 .
  • a projector device 52 which is capable of projecting static images or moving images, for example on the desk 10 in front of the person 9 or on a wall or on whatever other surface.
  • the desk 10, wall or other surface can for that purpose be provided with a projection screen 53.
  • such a projection screen 53 provided on a desk 10 is provided with very good sound wave absorbing properties, so to contribute to the reduction of third order reflections of the sound waves 2 produced by the speakers 5.
  • the projector device 52 can be integrated in a computing system so that the person 9 can work at the desk 10 without the need of a computer screen.
  • audio parts with non-audio parts enables the realization of a multi-media device with increased sound quality, for example including blue tooth connectivity and audio-video streaming and so on.
  • the space available in the room, wherein the audio management device 1 is applied is also used in a very efficient way.
  • multiple additional tubular surface parts comprising sound wave absorbing means 22 are provided inside the sound wave reflector 4, concentric with the tubular surface part 21 extending from the rim 24 of the sound wave reflecting surface part 19 to the limiting edge 25.
  • the present invention is by no means limited to an audio management device 1 according to the invention described as examples and illustrated in the drawings, but such an audio management device 1 according to the invention can be realised in all kinds of variants, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appendent claims.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) zum Senden und/ oder Empfangen von Schallwellen (2), das eine Lautsprechereinrichtung (3, 33) mit zumindest den folgenden Elementen umfasst:
    - einen Schallwellenreflektor (4), der zumindest einen Schallwellen-Reflexionsflächenabschnitt (19) aufweist, der zumindest einen Reflexionsflächenabschnitt (20, 34) in Parabelform mit einer zentralen Achse (AA') aufweist; und,
    - zumindest einen Lautsprecher (5), der in Richtung des zumindest einen Reflexionsflächenabschnitt (20, 34) in Parabelform gerichtet ist, und der auf der zentralen Achse (AA') des Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20, 34) in Parabelform positioniert ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellenreflektor (4) einen rohrförmigen Flächenabschnitt (21) aufweist, der Schallwellen absorbierende Mittel (22) umfasst, und sich von einem Rand (24) des Schallwellen-Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (19) bis zu einer Begrenzungskante (25) des Schallwellenreflektors (4) in eine Richtung parallel zur zentralen Achse (AA') des zumindest einen Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20, 34) in Parabelform erstreckt.
  2. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellen absorbierende rohrförmige Flächenabschnitt (21) der Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) eine Höhe (H) aufweist und dadurch, dass der zumindest eine Reflexionsflächenabschnitt (20, 34) in Parabelform einen Brennpunkt (27) aufweist, der auf seiner entsprechenden zentralen Achse (AA') des betreffenden Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20, 34) in Parabelform in einem Abstand (F) von einer Öffnung (26) positioniert ist, die durch die Begrenzungskante (25) des Schallwellenreflektors (4) gebildet wird, wobei der Abstand (F) zum besagten Brennpunkt (27) kleiner ist, als die Höhe (H) des rohrförmigen Oberflächenabschnitts (21) und breiter, als die Hälfte dieser Höhe (H).
  3. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellenreflektor eine konkave Innenfläche (15) mit einer bestimmten Tiefe (D) aufweist und dadurch, dass der Schallwellen absorbierende rohrförmige Flächenabschnitt (21) der Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) eine Höhe (H) aufweist, die sich über zumindest ein Drittel dieser Tiefe (D), vorzugsweise über die Hälfte dieser Tiefe (D) und noch vorteilhafter über 75% oder mehr dieser Tiefe (D) erstreckt.
  4. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellenreflektor (4) eine konvexe Außenfläche (13) umfasst, die mit einer Öffnung (26) versehen ist, die durch die Begrenzungskante (25) und eine konkave Innenfläche (15) gebildet wird, die in der Öffnung (26) vorgesehen ist, und an der Begrenzungskante (25) mit der konvexen Außenfläche (13) verbunden ist, und dadurch, dass zumindest ein Schallwellen reflektierender Flächenabschnitt (19) und der rohrförmige Flächenabschnitt (21) Bestandteile der konkaven Innenfläche (15) sind, und dadurch, dass zumindest ein Reflexionsflächenabschnitt (20) in Parabelform eine Form aufweist, die einem Teil einer kreisförmigen Parabel (20) entspricht.
  5. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gesamte konvexe Außenfläche (13) mit Schallwellen absorbierenden Mitteln (18) versehen ist.
  6. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine monophone Lautsprechereinrichtung (3) umfasst, die folgendes umfasst:
    - eine konkave Innenfläche (15), die durch einen einzigen Schallwellen reflektierenden Flächenabschnitt (19) gebildet wird, der ein Reflexionsflächenabschnitt (20) in Parabelform mit einer kreisförmigen Parabelform (20) ist, und von einem rohrförmigen Flächenabschnitt (21) begrenzt wird, der als Zylindermantel (23) ausgeformt ist, wobei dessen Achse (BB') mit der zentralen Achse (AA') des Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20) in Parabelform übereinstimmt, und dessen rohrförmiger Flächenabschnitt (21) mit Schallwellen absorbierenden Mitteln (22) versehen ist;
    - eine konvexe Außenfläche (13), die die Form einer Kugel aufweist und die mit Schallwellen absorbierenden Mitteln (18) versehen ist; und
    - einen monophonen Lautsprecher (3), der auf der zentralen Achse (AA') der Reflexionsfläche (20) in Parabelform positioniert ist, und in Richtung der Oberseite der Reflexionsfläche (20) in Parabelform gerichtet ist.
  7. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine stereophone Lautsprechereinrichtung (33) umfasst, die folgendes umfasst:
    - eine konkave Innenfläche (15), die auf der einen Seite einen Schallwellen reflektierenden Flächenabschnitt (19) aufweist, der ein Paar von Reflexionsflächenabschnitten (34) in Parabelform umfasst, die jeweils wie eine Hälfte eines einzelnen Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20) in Parabelform ausgeformt sind, wobei die Reflexionsflächenabschnitte (34) in Parabelform durch einen bestimmten Offset-Abstand (O) voneinander getrennt sind, und symmetrisch an den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seiten einer Zwischenebene (VV') positioniert sind, und auf der anderen Seite einen rohrförmigen Flächenabschnitt (21), der sich zwischen einem Rand (24) am Schallwellen reflektierenden Flächenabschnitt (19) und der Begrenzungskante (25) des Schallwellenreflektors (4) erstreckt, und der zwei halbzylindrische Flächenabschnitte (35) umfasst, die jeweils als eine Hälfte eines einzelnen Zylindermantels (23) ausgeformt sind, wobei die Achse (BB') eines jeden halbzylindrischen Flächenabschnitts (35) mit der zentralen Achse (AA') eines entsprechenden angrenzenden Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (34) in Parabelform übereinstimmt, und dessen rohrförmiger Flächenabschnitt (21) mit Schallwellen absorbierenden Mitteln (22) versehen ist; und,
    - eine konvexe Außenfläche (13), die ein Paar von halbkugelförmigen Flächenabschnitten (37) umfasst, die jeweils die Form einer Hälfte eines einzelnen Kugelflächenabschnitts aufweisen, die durch denselben Offset-Abstand (O) voneinander getrennt sind, wobei die konvexe Außenfläche (13) mit Schallwellen absorbierenden Mitteln (18) versehen ist; und
    - ein Paar von monophonen Lautsprechern (5), wobei jeder Lautsprecher (5) auf einer zentralen Achse (AA') von einem des Paars von Reflexionsflächenabschnitten (34) in Parabelform positioniert ist, und in Richtung des betreffenden Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (34) in Parabelform gerichtet ist.
  8. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellenreflektor (4) eine Wand (39) umfasst, die eine Stärke (P) aufweist, die dem zuvor genannten Offset-Abstand (O) entspricht, die symmetrisch in Bezug auf die zuvor genannte Zwischenebene (VV') ist, wobei die monophonen Lautsprecher (5) in der Wand (39) montiert sind, und dadurch, dass die Wand (39) mit Schallwellen absorbierenden Mitteln (40) versehen ist.
  9. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die monophonen Lautsprecher (5) in Bezug auf die Zwischenebene (VV') symmetrisch montiert sind und in eine Richtung (QQ') etwas schräg unter einem Winkel (R) in Bezug zur zuvor genannten Zwischenebene (VV') gerichtet sind.
  10. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellenreflektor (4) ein Overhead-Reflektor (4) ist und dadurch, dass die Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) eine digitale Signalverarbeitungseinheit (46) zum Konvertieren des Raumschallbildes umfasst, das vom Paar der monophonen Lautsprecher (5) von einer vertikalen Ebene (VV') zu einer horizontalen Ebene (KK') gesandt wird.
  11. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass deren Lautsprecher (5) fest in einem Brennpunkt (27) des betreffenden Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20, 34) in Parabelform positioniert sind.
  12. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass deren Lautsprecher (5) beweglich entlang einer Achse (AA') des betreffenden Reflexionsflächenabschnitts (20, 34) in Parabelform positioniert sind.
  13. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (26), die von der Begrenzungskante (25) gebildet wird, eine maximale Breite (W) zwischen 50 und 70 cm aufweist, und dass die konvexe Außenfläche (13) eine maximale Breite (W') von nicht mehr als 90 cm aufweist.
  14. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallwellenreflektor (4) einen Hohlraum aufweist, der durch eine Reflektorwand (11, 39) gebildet wird, deren erster Reflektorwand-Abschnitt (12) eine konvexe Außenfläche (13) bildet und dessen zweiter Reflektorwand-Abschnitt (14) eine konkave Innenfläche (15) bildet, wobei der erste Reflektorwand-Abschnitt (12) und der zweite Reflektorwand-Abschnitt (14) durch eine innenseitige Vertiefung (16, 41) voneinander getrennt sind, und dadurch, dass eines oder mehrere der zuvor genannten Schallwellen absorbierenden Mittel (18, 22, 40) durch Perforationen (31) in betreffenden Mitteln der Reflektorwand (11, 39) gebildet werden, die den Zugriff auf die innenseitige Vertiefung (16, 40) gewähren, sowie durch schallabsorbierendes Material (32), das auf die innenseitige Vertiefung (16, 40) aufgebracht wird.
  15. Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung (1) nach irgendeinem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mit einem aktiven Schallunterdrückungssystem (47) versehen ist, das folgendes umfasst:
    - ein oder mehrere Mikrofone (48) zum Messen einer eingehenden zu annullierenden Schallquelle;
    - einen oder mehrere Schallunterdrückungs-Lautsprecher (49) zum Senden eines Gegenschalls zum zumindest teilweisen Annullieren des eingehenden Schalls; und
    - ein Steuergerät (50) zum Erstellen eines Gegenschallsignals, das vom (von den) Schallunterdrückungs-Lautsprecher(n) (49) zu senden ist.
EP13157282.8A 2013-02-28 2013-02-28 Audioverwaltungsvorrichtung zum Senden bzw. Empfangen von Schallwellen Not-in-force EP2773130B1 (de)

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KR101060643B1 (ko) * 2009-06-02 2011-08-31 박승민 오브젝트 기반의 위치 좌표 효과를 갖는 사운드 출력을 위한 투음성 디스플레이 장치

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DE3902062A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Electronic Werke Deutschland Lautsprechereinheit mit einem reflektor
US5764783A (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-06-09 Technology Licensing Company Variable beamwidth transducer
ITBS20010073A1 (it) * 2001-10-03 2003-04-03 Outline Di Noselli G & C S N C Altoparlante a guida d'onda a dispersione controllata e regolabile
US7621369B2 (en) * 2006-06-16 2009-11-24 Graber Curtis E Acoustic energy projection system
CN101115323B (zh) * 2007-08-03 2011-04-20 席葆树 一种声波集束辐射器

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