EP2753722A1 - Cermetpulver - Google Patents
CermetpulverInfo
- Publication number
- EP2753722A1 EP2753722A1 EP12756700.6A EP12756700A EP2753722A1 EP 2753722 A1 EP2753722 A1 EP 2753722A1 EP 12756700 A EP12756700 A EP 12756700A EP 2753722 A1 EP2753722 A1 EP 2753722A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- metal composition
- matrix metal
- cermet powder
- cermet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 17
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910002555 FeNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 molybdenum carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000684 Cobalt-chrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(2+);methanidylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Cr]#[C-].[Cr]#[C-] GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010952 cobalt-chrome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/052—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 40%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to cermet powder, a process for producing a cermet powder, and the use of the cermet powder as a thermal spray powder for surface coating. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a coated component, comprising producing a coating by thermal spraying of the cermet powder and a coated component, which is obtainable according to the method.
- Thermal spray powders are used to produce coatings on substrates.
- powdery particles are introduced into a combustion or plasma flame, which is directed to the (usually metallic) substrate, which is to be coated.
- the particles partially or completely melt in the flame, collide with the substrate, solidify there and form the coating in the form of solidified "splats.”
- Coatings produced by thermal spraying can be produced up to several mm thick
- Thermal spray powders are typically a subclass of cermet powders containing hard materials, most commonly carbides such as tungsten, chromium and molybdenum carbides, and a matrix consisting of metals
- cobalt, nickel, and their alloys contain chromium, more rarely iron-containing alloys, making thermal spray powders and sprayed coatings composites.
- Coatings are characterized - analogous to solid materials - by empirically determinable properties. These include hardness (for example Vickers, Brinell, Rockwell and Knoop hardness), Wear resistance (eg ASTM G65),
- thermal spray powders for the production of sprayed coatings for the abovementioned applications various materials are established, for example WC-CoCr 86/10/4 or WC-CoNiCr 86/9/1/4, WC-Cr3C2-Ni and Cr3C2-NiCr. All of the above have in common that they contain Cr in the matrix, as this ensures their corrosion resistance.
- Another material is WC-NiMoCrFeCo 85/15, which is commercially available as a thermal spray powder (Amperit ® 529 H .C. Starck GmbH, D).
- Its matrix consists of an alloy similar to Hastelloy ® C. Although Hastelloy ® C is used in acidic media with good results, this alloy lacks the wear resistance.
- As a matrix alloy in the composite material "spray powder" or "spray coating”, however, show worse properties.
- NiCr 80/20 the customary chromium carbide NiCr (80/20) materials. Again, the good acid resistance of a NiCr 80/20 can not be converted into the thermal spray powder with chromium carbides or the sprayed layer produced therefrom.
- Fe-based matrix alloys for example derived from austenitic stainless steels such as 316L, or FeCrAI 70/20/10 -based according to DE 10 2006 045 481 B3, fail in acidic medium at low pH values.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a cermet powder which is suitable as a thermal spray powder and which provides durable coatings in all three media, without serious losses in the mechanical characteristics wear and cavitation resistance or in the resistance in the presence of chloride.
- the corrosion resistance is determined under real conditions in the form of emissions of matrix metals, instead of electrochemical methods such as potentiograms, which do not allow quantification of life under real conditions.
- the subject of the present invention is therefore a cermet powder comprising
- the matrix metal composition comprises:
- the cermet powders of the present invention are eminently suitable as thermal spray powders. These can be used for surface coating, in particular of metal substrates.
- the cermet powders according to the invention can be applied here to the most varied components, for example by thermal spraying methods such as plasma spraying or high-velocity flame spraying (HVOF), flame spraying, arc spraying, laser spraying or build-up welding, such as the PTA method, in order to impart the desired surface properties to the respective component ,
- thermal spraying methods such as plasma spraying or high-velocity flame spraying (HVOF), flame spraying, arc spraying, laser spraying or build-up welding, such as the PTA method
- the cermet powders of the invention comprise one or more hard material (s) in an amount of 50 to 90 wt .-%, preferably in an amount of 60 to 89 wt .-%, in particular 70 to 88 wt .-%, respectively based on the total weight of the cermet powder.
- the cermet powders according to the invention can have typical hard materials.
- as hard material are metal carbides, particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of WC, Cr 3 C 2 , VC, TiC, B 4 C, TiCN, SiC, TaC, NbC, Mo 2 C and mixtures thereof.
- the hard materials WC and / or Cr 3 C 2 are particularly preferred.
- Another essential constituent of the cermet powders according to the invention is the matrix metal composition, which is present in an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight, preferably from 11 to 40% by weight, in particular from 12 to 30% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the Cermet powder, is present.
- the matrix metal composition is decisive for the outstanding properties of the cermet powders according to the invention.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore the use of a matrix composition comprising:
- weights of the metals i) to iv) are each based on the total weight of the matrix metal composition and wherein the weight ratio of iron to nickel in the range of 3: 1 to 1: 3, to produce a cermet powder.
- v) cobalt in particular in an amount of up to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the matrix metal composition.
- the matrix metal composition may additionally vi) modifying agents, in particular selected from the group consisting of Al, Nb, Ti, Ta, V, Si, W, and any mixtures thereof include.
- the modifiers are usually in an amount up to 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of
- Matrix metal composition above.
- the matrix metal composition to be used according to the invention consists essentially of the following components:
- weights of metals i) to vi) are each based on the total weight of the matrix metal composition and wherein the weight ratio of iron to nickel in the range of 3: 1 to 1: 3.
- Matrix metal composition comprising 15 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 20 to 45 wt .-% iron.
- the matrix metal composition comprises 15 to 50% by weight, more preferably 20 to 45% by weight of nickel. Also, the presence of chromium, molybdenum and copper in the matrix metal composition plays an essential role in obtaining the excellent properties of the cermet powder and surface coatings made therefrom.
- the matrix metal composition preferably has 20 to 33 wt%, more preferably 20 to 31 wt%, of chromium. In a further preferred embodiment, the matrix metal composition comprises 4 to 15% by weight of molybdenum, in particular 5 to 10% by weight of molybdenum.
- the copper content plays an important role in terms of corrosion properties.
- Excellent corrosion results could be achieved with a matrix metal composition which preferably comprises 0.7 to 3 wt%, especially 0.9 to 2.0 wt% copper.
- the weight ratio of iron to nickel in the matrix composition contributes to the corrosion resistance of the cermet powder according to the invention.
- the weight ratio of iron to nickel in the matrix metal composition is 1: 2 to 2: 1, more preferably 1: 1.5 to 1.5: 1.
- the cermet powders according to the invention are preferably used as thermal spray powders. Here, certain particle sizes have been found to be particularly suitable. In a preferred embodiment, the cermet powders according to the invention have an average particle size of 10 to 100 ⁇ m, determined by means of laser diffraction according to ASTM C1070. Another object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of the cermet powder according to the invention. The subject of the present invention in a further embodiment is therefore a process for the production of a cermet powder comprising the steps:
- a) mixing or grinding one or more hard material powders with a powdery matrix metal composition comprising:
- step b) optionally pulverizing the mixture sintered in step b).
- step a) of the cermet powder production method according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by dispersing the pulverulent hard carriers (hard substances) and the pulverulent matrix metal composition in a liquid. In the case of grinding, this dispersion is then ground to a milling step, for example in a ball mill or a gate.
- the matrix metal composition is present as alloy powder.
- the cermet powder production method according to the invention is preferably characterized in that the mixing by dispersing in a liquid, optionally followed by grinding, by separation of the liquid, is followed by a granulation step followed, which is more preferably carried out by spray drying. Subsequently, the spray granulate can be classified and so far sintered in a subsequent thermal process step, that the granules have a mechanical strength which is sufficient that the granules during the thermal spraying process does not decompose to the extent that a process-safe implementation of the thermal spraying process is possible.
- the sintering of the powder mixture is preferably carried out under reduced pressure and / or in the presence of inert gases, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, argon, nitrogen and mixtures thereof, at any pressure.
- the sintering can also be carried out approximately in the region of normal pressure.
- a powder is usually obtained or a loosely sintered cake, which is easy to transform into powder again.
- the resulting powders are similar in size and appearance to the spray granules.
- Agglomerated / sintered spray powders are particularly advantageous since they offer great freedom in the choice of components (for example their contents and particle sizes) and can be well dosed due to their good flowability in the injection process.
- very finely divided hardness carriers are used for the cermet powders according to the invention and within the scope of the cermet powder production method according to the invention, which preferably have an average particle size below 20 ⁇ m, determined by laser diffraction according to ASTM C1070.
- the use of such finely divided hardness carrier leads to very smooth wear surfaces, which in turn leads to low coefficients of friction and long service life.
- Sintered / broken cermet powder or spray powder can be prepared analogously, with the difference that the powder component is not necessarily wet mixed in dispersion, but can be dry-mixed and optionally tableted or other moldings be compacted.
- the subsequent sintering step is carried out analogously, but usually compact, solid sintered bodies are obtained, which must be converted by mechanical action of violence back into powder form .
- the resulting powders with average particle sizes between 10 and 100 pm in these cases are typically of irregular shape and on the surface of breakage processes.
- These thermal spray powders are significantly less fluid, which can be disadvantageous for a constant application rate during thermal spraying, but is still practicable.
- the cermet powders according to the invention or the cermet powders obtainable according to the cermet powder production process according to the invention can be used as thermal spray powders.
- a further subject of the present invention is therefore the use of the cermet powders according to the invention or the cermet powders obtainable by the cermet powder production process according to the invention as thermal spray powders.
- the cermet powders according to the invention are outstandingly suitable for surface coating, in particular of metal substrates or components.
- a further subject of the present invention is therefore the use of the cermet powders according to the invention or of the surface-coating cermet powder obtainable according to the invention by the cermet powder production method.
- the surface coating is preferably carried out by thermal spraying methods, for example by plasma spraying or high-speed flame spraying or flame spraying or arc spraying or laser spraying or build-up welding.
- the components coated therewith outstanding properties, in particular with regard to wear protection under corrosive environmental conditions, for example at pH values below 7 and in the presence of optionally present chloride ions.
- a further subject of the present invention is therefore a process for producing a coated component, which comprises applying a coating by thermal spraying of a cermet powder according to the invention or a cermet powder obtainable by the cermet powder production method according to the invention.
- a further subject of the present invention is a coated component obtainable by the production method according to the invention.
- the component coated according to the invention is used in particular for wear protection under corrosive environmental conditions, in particular at pH values below 7 and in the presence of any chloride ions present.
- coated component is part of an apparatus which comes into contact with media containing acids and / or chloride ions.
- coated components of the present invention are spools or piston rods.
- Spray powders with compositions according to Table 1 were compacted at 1000 ° C for 10 min by means of hot pressing to compact moldings with the same specific surface area.
- the surface layers were abraded by means of SiC abrasive paper.
- the cylindrical shaped bodies were then added in 500 ml of the media (1-normal hydrochloric acid, 1-normal sulfuric acid and 1-normal citric acid - the latter corresponds to 1/3 mol / l) for 28 days 20 ° C and outsourced air access. Thereafter, 180 ml was taken and the content of those elements constituting the matrix was determined.
- the mechanical characteristics of wear and cavitation resistance were determined on pointed layers.
- the sprayed layers were further subjected to the salt spray test according to ASTM B117 and the change recorded after 1000 hours. Furthermore, coatings on mild steel ST37 and stainless steel V4A were produced from the spray powders. For this purpose, a HVOF burner type JP5000 was used. The details in the table are in percent by weight.
- Cavitation wear (mg / h) 5 5 7 5 10 7 5 according to ASTM G32 on plane
- the weights "Fe (%)” to “Cu (%)” refer to the total weight of the matrix composition.
- the total content of matrix is given in the row “Matrix (%)” and refers to the total weight of the spray powder
- The% of the carbides are based on the total weight of the spray powder In the spray powders of Examples 4 to 7 the matrix was Alloy, since corresponding alloy powder was used to produce the spray powder Example 7 corresponds to a preferred embodiment of DE 10 2006 045 481 B3.
- Example 3 The WC-Cr3C2-Ni 83/20/7 (Example 3) is the only one which has sufficient resistance to hydrochloric acid and citric acid, but not to sulfuric acid. Generally, the resistance of all wettable powders of Examples 1-7 to sulfuric acid is poor. Also spray powder Example 4 with a Hastelloy ® C similar matrix alloy and Example 6 have good mechanical properties and a good Resistance to citric acid, but are not resistant to mineral acids.
- Spray powder Example 5 with stainless steel 316 L is very low corrosion resistant and shows unacceptable discoloration in the salt spray test.
- Example 2 (partially according to the invention, designated there by *)
- Example 10 Moldings and spray coatings were prepared analogously to Example 1.
- Example 10 contained as matrix a FeNi 50/50 alloy powder as well as a further used component of the matrix a chromium metal powder.
- the matrix in the agglomerated / sintered spray powder was not completely and uniformly alloyed with Cr. Details in the table are in percent by weight.
- Table 2 Spray powder
- the weights "Fe (%)” to “Cu (%)” refer to the total weight of the matrix composition.
- the total content of matrix is given in the row “Matrix (%)” and refers to the total weight of the spray powder.
- The% of the carbides are based on the total weight of the spray powder.
- the iron and nickel-containing spray powders 8 to 10 show comparatively good resistance to mineral acids compared to those having a matrix based on nickel, cobalt or even iron. This is surprising in that iron is much less noble than nickel. Even the incomplete alloying of the matrix with Cr at No. 10 leads to better results in sulfuric acid than all the powders from Example 1. Apparently FeNi alloys have better acid resistance than the edge members Ni and Fe, which is why Acid resistance in addition to the other elements apparently depends on the Fe: Ni ratio.
- the acid resistance of the FeNi matrix in powders Nos. 8 and 9 is further improved by the chromium alloyed in this case in the matrix, and moreover by the additives Mo and Cu.
- the high Mo contents in the powders 4 and 6 do not lead to improved acid resistance, it can be concluded that in addition to the Fe / Ni ratio, the copper content is significantly responsible for the good corrosion results.
- the pure matrix alloys as spray powders have no wear resistance due to the lack of hard materials.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161531136P | 2011-09-06 | 2011-09-06 | |
DE102011112435A DE102011112435B3 (de) | 2011-09-06 | 2011-09-06 | Cermetpulver, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Cermetpulvers, Verwendung der Cermetpulver, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines beschichteten Bauteils, Beschichtetes Bauteil |
PCT/EP2012/067210 WO2013034544A1 (de) | 2011-09-06 | 2012-09-04 | Cermetpulver |
Publications (2)
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EP2753722A1 true EP2753722A1 (de) | 2014-07-16 |
EP2753722B1 EP2753722B1 (de) | 2020-08-12 |
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EP12756700.6A Active EP2753722B1 (de) | 2011-09-06 | 2012-09-04 | Cermetpulver |
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US (1) | US9540715B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2753722B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6116569B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102032579B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103781929B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2012306492B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2845506C (de) |
DE (1) | DE102011112435B3 (de) |
MX (1) | MX359657B (de) |
RU (1) | RU2608112C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013034544A1 (de) |
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2011
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112355315A (zh) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 攀枝花学院 | 球形铁基碳化钒钛金属陶瓷粉末的制备方法 |
CN112355315B (zh) * | 2020-11-09 | 2023-04-18 | 攀枝花学院 | 球形铁基碳化钒钛金属陶瓷粉末的制备方法 |
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EP2753722B1 (de) | 2020-08-12 |
DE102011112435B3 (de) | 2012-10-25 |
KR20140058673A (ko) | 2014-05-14 |
US20140234548A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
MX359657B (es) | 2018-10-05 |
US9540715B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
AU2012306492A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
CN103781929A (zh) | 2014-05-07 |
KR102032579B1 (ko) | 2019-10-15 |
AU2012306492B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
JP2014531509A (ja) | 2014-11-27 |
CN103781929B (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
JP6116569B2 (ja) | 2017-04-19 |
RU2014113180A (ru) | 2015-10-20 |
RU2608112C2 (ru) | 2017-01-13 |
MX2014002409A (es) | 2014-06-05 |
CA2845506C (en) | 2020-01-28 |
WO2013034544A1 (de) | 2013-03-14 |
CA2845506A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
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