EP2740842B1 - Method for converting a gravel track into a solid track - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for converting a ballast track in a fixed lane.

The increasing travel speeds of railways call for solid roadways, which can absorb the occurring loads better than gravel tracks. In the document WO00 / 61866 a method for the renewal of a track system is described in which the existing bedding removed track-bound and the track is placed on the substructure. After a substructure for the new track system has been installed, if necessary, at least one base course for a fixed track is installed and then the existing track is dismantled. A fixed carriageway, in particular with a track laid on a concrete or asphalt base course or with a track with sleepers cast in a layer of concrete, is made by prefabricating a new track and straightening and fixing the new track.

The increasing traffic density on the railway networks calls for ever shorter interruptions for the maintenance and renewal of the roadways. The method described above is not suitable for a conversion in short stretches with short interruptions of the trafficability.

Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to propose a method for converting a ballast track in a solid lane, the be carried out on short stretches and consequently in relatively short periods of time, such that the track between these periods is passable.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

This solution according to the invention has the particular advantage that by removing ballast in a section extending over several thresholds, space is created for the erection of a fixed roadway without the position of the rails having to be changed for this purpose. After inserting the supports, the track is already passable again, so that the route in question does not have to remain locked until all process steps have been carried out. Since the supports are adjustable, no additional adjustment must be installed for the exact vertical adjustment of the rails.

Particular embodiments of the inventive method are given in the dependent claims.

Figur 1

in einer perspektivischen Ansicht den Ausgangszustand eines in einem Betontrog verlegten Schottergleises;

Figuren

2 bis 5 verschiedene Verfahrensstufen;

Figur 6

einen Querschnitt der Situation gemäss Figur 5;

Figur 7

eine weitere Verfahrensstufe;

Figur 8

das Schottergleis mit einem zu einer festen Fahrbahn umgebauten Abschnitt;

Figur 9

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer vorfabrizierten Schwelleneinheit;

Figur 10

eine Ansicht einer Stütze mit daran fixierter Schiene und

Figur 11

die Stütze von Figur 10 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ohne Schiene und Schienenbefestigung.

Embodiments of the inventive method and the threshold unit and the support are below Reference to the attached drawings, for example, described in more detail. It shows

FIG. 1

in a perspective view of the initial state of a laid in a concrete trough ballast track;

characters

2 to 5 different process stages;

FIG. 6

a cross section of the situation according to FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 7

another stage of the process;

FIG. 8

the gravel track with a section converted to a fixed carriageway;

FIG. 9

a perspective view of a prefabricated threshold unit;

FIG. 10

a view of a support with it fixed rail and

FIG. 11

the prop of FIG. 10 in a perspective view without rail and rail fastening.

FIG. 1 shows as a starting state of the method arranged in a concrete trough 1 ballast track with lying in a bed of ballast 2 sleepers 3, for example wooden sleepers and thereon fastened by means of fastening devices 4 rails 5. The threshold distance is for example 60 centimeters.

In FIG. 2 a state is shown in which removed in a section 6 a part of the ballast 2 was, so that in this section 5, the underside of the sleepers 3 no longer rests on ballast 2, but hang the sleepers 3 on the rails 5. The length of the section 6 is chosen so that the rails in this section practically do not sag. Of the original ten located in the section 6 thresholds 3 were first pushed together in the state shown four of them to one end of the track section 6, after previously the fasteners 4 have been solved only so far that the sleepers 3 along the rails 5 to this suspended hanging. By this pushing space was created to the remaining six located in the section 6 thresholds 3, one after the other, to rotate 90 degrees and lift out between the rails 5, without requiring the location of the rails 5 had to be changed. Alternatively, it would also be possible to disassemble the thresholds to be removed and remove them piecewise.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which within the route section 6 one of the unchanged resting in the ballast 2 threshold 3 right in the picture to the collapsed thresholds left in the picture reaching working section 7 was completely freed and cleaned to the bottom of the concrete trough 1 from the gravel. The removal of the ballast can be done by mechanical or pneumatic means, such as a suction device. In principle, it is also possible to completely remove the ballast in a single operation, but the stepwise procedure described has the advantage that after pushing together or removing the thresholds 3, the remaining ballast is much more accessible. At both ends of the working section 7 were temporary formwork used to retain the remaining ballast 2, of which only the formwork 8 is visible in the figure.

In FIG. 4 is to recognize a situation in which a prefabricated threshold unit, consisting of a concrete slab 9 with four in the example arranged on concrete blocks 10 fastening devices 11 was deposited for the rails 5 between the rails 5 on the ground. The inventive method is not limited to the illustrated threshold units, but can also be performed with single block sleepers or sleepers with two attachment devices, one for each rail. Since the concrete slab 9 with its shorter side between the rails 5 place, could also this drop the concrete slab 9 without spreading the rails 5 done. At this point will open FIG. 9 Reference is made, which is a threshold unit consisting of a concrete slab 9 with four arranged on concrete blocks 10 fastening devices 11 in perspective in one opposite FIG. 4 enlarged scale shows. The concrete blocks 10 are inserted with the interposition of rubber shoes not visible in the figure in the concrete slab 9. The rubber shoes, for example, as in the patent CH695698 may be shown formed and between the rubber boot and the bottom surface of the concrete block 10 may each be arranged an elastic insert. At the longer side edges of the concrete slab 9 recesses 12 are arranged, whose function later in connection with FIG. 5 is described. In the middle of the concrete slab 9, a drainage channel 13 to be arranged parallel to the rails can be seen. Four cast in the concrete slab 9 threaded sleeves 14 are provided for temporary screwing not shown, supported on the ground screws to allow the concrete slab. 9 to raise, to position exactly vertically and to hold in the vertical position to the desired early strength of the grouting concrete 24 described below. With 15 laying sleeves are referred to, which may also be formed as threaded sleeves and serve to screw in lifting aids such as eyebolts.

In the in the FIGS. 5 and 6 the situation illustrated, the concrete slab 9 was opposite the position of FIG. 4 rotated 90 degrees, lifted and fastened with the fasteners 11 to the rails 5. Thus, the concrete slab 9 is initially positioned at a distance above the ground on the rails 5. Before a further concrete slab 9 is introduced in the described manner, two supports 17 are placed on the ground in such a way that they come to lie in the recesses 12 of the concrete slab 9 fastened to the slips 5, without touching the concrete slab 9. The recesses 12 allow adjacent concrete slabs 9 to be placed very close to one another. The FIGS. 10 and 11 show a designated 17 as a whole support. A conical concrete body 18 forms a base on which a first plate 19 rests, having on its underside a recess in which the top of the concrete body 18 fits, so that the plate 19 is positioned exactly on the concrete body 18 and can not slip sideways , On the first plate 19, a support plate 20 is supported by spindles 22. By turning the spindles 22, the distance between the plates 19 and 20 is adjustable. On the upper platen 20 cams 21 are arranged, which serve to receive heads of hook bolts, with which provisional rail fasteners are connected to the rails 5. A arranged on the support plate 20 fork 23 is used to attach a lateral adjusting spindle 16, as in the FIGS. 5 to 7 are shown. FIG. 6 shows the situation of FIG. 5 in a cross section. The supports 17 can be seen, which extend into the lateral recesses 12 of two adjacent in the track direction of concrete slabs 9. If the track in this situation must be temporarily passable by trains, 8 more supports 17 can be installed in the free area between the concrete slab and the formwork, which absorb the loads.

FIG. 7 shows the situation after pouring two concrete slabs 9 with a possible dwindle-free grouting concrete 24, for example from the company Concretum or equivalent. Before concreting 9 formwork had been used in the rail direction on both sides of the concrete slabs. Before the grouting concrete 24 is completely cured, the threaded spindles, with which the concrete slab 9 is held in its vertical position, are unscrewed from the threaded sleeves 14. Subsequently or after the complete curing of the grouting concrete 24, the units consisting of the upper plates 20 and the lower plates 19 are removed by first of all bringing the upper plates 20 closer to the lower plates 19 by turning the spindles 22 and then moving the units from the into the Roadway remaining concrete bodies 18 are removed. Thus, the track rests on the fastening devices 11 and the sleeper blocks 10 can sink freely under a train journey with respect to the concrete slab 9. Of course, the adjusting spindles 16 are still removed.

In the in FIG. 8 illustrated situation, the initially pushed together sleepers 3 are again distributed to the original threshold distance and with gravel. 2 tamped. This means that in this state, no temporary supports 17 of the in FIG. 10 shown support the rails 5 more, which would have the disadvantage that the track could not sink under load and vibrations would be passed through the supports 17 to the ground. Therefore, in the in FIG. 8 shown state of the route section without restrictions passable. For the conversion of a further route section, the method step is started again, which has been described above with reference to FIG FIG. 2 has been described. It can also be continued on both sides of the already rebuilt section simultaneously.

In the foregoing, possible embodiments of the invention are described, but the invention is not limited to the situations and views specifically illustrated, but rather various other combinations of the features of the described and illustrated embodiments are possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

concrete trough

2

gravel

3

threshold

4

fastening device

5

rail

6

stretch

7

working section

8th

formwork

9

concrete slab

10

sleeper block

11

fastening device

12

recess

13

drainage channel

14

threaded sleeve

15

installation sleeve

16

adjusting spindle

17

support

18

concrete body

19

plate

20

plate

21

cam

22

spindle

23

fork

24

grouting

25

Claims (9)

1. Method for converting a ballasted track consisting of a ballast bed (2) resting on a solid underground and of sleepers (3) lying thereon, to which rails (5) are fastened by means of fixtures (4), into a slab track, characterized by the following method steps

   - ballast (2) is removed in a section (6) that extends over a plurality of sleepers (3),

   - in the section (6) a first number of sleepers (3) are removed after releasing the rail fixtures (4),

   - in the section (6), sleeper blocks (10) are inserted, vertically positioned, and fastened to the rails (5),

   - in the section (6), temporary, vertically adjustable supports (17) are inserted on which the rails (5) are resting and are supported on the underground,

   - in an area that extends over a number of sleeper blocks (10) as seen in the direction of the rails, infill concrete (24) is filled in from the underground up to at least part of the height of the sleeper blocks (10),

   - after the infill concrete (24) has at least partly hardened, at least a part (19, 20) of each of the supports (17) located between two respective sleeper blocks (10) in the direction of the rails is removed.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that before removing the first number of sleepers (3), a second number of sleepers (3) are pushed together at one end of the section (6) after loosening their rail fixtures (4).
3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the ballast (2) is initially removed down to a level situated below the contact surface of the sleepers (3), and after the second number of sleepers (3) have been pushed together, the remaining ballast (2) is removed down to the underground in an area (7) that is free of sleepers.
4. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that in order to be removed, the first number of sleepers (3) are rotated in the longitudinal direction of the rails (5) and lifted out between the rails (5).
5. Method according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterised in that at one end at least of the section (7) that is free of sleepers, temporary boarding (8) for retaining the ballast (2) remaining outside the section (7) without sleepers is arranged.
6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least two sleeper blocks (10) are placed in a respective concrete slab (9) and inserted together with the concrete slab (9).
7. Method according to claim 6, characterised in that the concrete slabs (9) are inserted by lowering them between the rails (5) while oriented in the longitudinal direction of the rails (5) and turning them around below the rails (5).
8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that before filling in the infill concrete (24), the space to be filled is separated by form boards.
9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that after the infill concrete (24) has hardened, the sleepers (3) that were initially pushed together are again set apart and ballast (2) is packed under them.

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